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HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
ISSN : 27467082     EISSN : 27467090     DOI : 10.24252/hisabuna
Core Subject : Religion, Science, Social,
Religion Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Physics Social Sciences
This journal is to develop academic insights in the field of phalactic science that integrates religion and science as well as related sciences in order to advance science. The scope of the journal is as follows: - Beginning of the Kamariah Month - Prayer Time - Qibla Direction - Eclipse - Astronomy
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 187 Documents
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ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN RASI BINTANG MASYARAKAT PULAU JAMPEA KECAMATAN PASIMASUNGGU KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SELAYAR SEBAGAI PENGETAHUAN TRADISIONAL DALAM NAVIGASI DAN PERTANIAN PERSPEKTIF ASTRONOMI Siska, Siska; Chotban, Cippa
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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ABSTRACT This study explores the interpretation and utilization of constellations by the community of Jampea Island, Selayar Islands Regency, as traditional knowledge in the field of astronomy. The research focuses on two main aspects: the community’s understanding of constellations and their application in daily life. This is a field research employing a descriptive qualitative approach from cultural and astronomical perspectives. Data were collected through interviews with local fishermen, farmers, and community members, as well as through literature reviews and documentation. Data analysis involved data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the people of Jampea Island possess traditional knowledge of constellations that has been passed down through generations and is applied practically. Five main constellations are commonly recognized: Bintoeng Pattaungang as an indicator of a safe fishing season, Bintoeng Purung-purung for identifying the north direction and the onset of the rainy season, Bintoeng Sapo Salayya for determining the south direction and signaling bad weather, Bintoeng Pikka-Pikka as an indicator of strong winds, and Bintoeng Tallu for identifying the west direction and the planting season. The moon phases are also used to determine the best time for fishing and understanding tidal patterns. Fishermen use constellations for timing, navigation, and weather prediction, while farmers use them to determine planting and harvesting periods. The study highlights the importance of preserving traditional knowledge of constellations as part of local navigation, agriculture, and the development of astronomy rooted in indigenous wisdom.
Ekspolarasi Astrofotografi Dalam Pengamatan Bintang Malam Hari Di Pulau Samalona (Studi Penafsiran QS. Al-Mulk Ayat/67:5) Fauzan, Evand Nur; Alimuddin, Alimuddin
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract This study discusses astrophotography techniques for nighttime stargazing on Samalona Island. The main problem is how to use astrophotography techniques for nighttime stargazing using a Canon 650D DSLR camera with a 50 mm/Standard 18-55 mm lens and an Apple 13 Pro Max mobile phone, and how to implement QS. Al-Mulk/67:5 for nighttime stargazing on Samalona Island. This type of research is field research with qualitative descriptions that function to identify problems in a structured manner. Field research. The research conducted by the author by collecting several data and direct observations in the field, with the aim of describing astrophotography techniques for nighttime stargazing on Samalona Island (a study of the interpretation of QS. Al-Mulk/67:5). The results of this study are astrophotography techniques using a Canon 650D DSLR camera are certainly very effective in photographing stars and the iPhone 13 Pro Max has been proven to be usable for basic astrophotography, such as photographing constellations, the moon, and bright galaxies (in very dark locations). The implementation of QS. Al-Mulk 67:5 not only describes the beauty of the star-studded sky but also hints at the importance of deeply understanding Allah's creation. In the context of astronomy, this verse provides a theological basis that observing the sky is not merely a scientific activity, but also an act of worship and a form of glorification of the Creator. The implications of this research suggest that the integration of Al-Mulk 67:5, astronomy, and astrophotography can strengthen people's spiritual and scientific awareness of celestial phenomena. Further research is recommended to explore the integration of astrophotography and astronomy in educational activities at madrasahs or Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), as well as to develop structured sky observation programs as a means of da'wah and scientific literacy based on the Quran.
ANALISIS REPRESENTASI TEORI HELIOSENTRIS DALAM ANIME ‘ORB:ON THE MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH’ DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KONSEP ILMU FALAK Sulkifli, Muh.; Laman, Ilham
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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ABSTRACT This study is based on the problem of low astronomical literacy in Muslim society, especially in understanding the movement of celestial bodies that affect worship practices such as determining the direction of the Qibla and prayer times. This article aims to answer how the representation of the heliocentric theory in the anime Orb: On the Movements of the Earth and what its implications are for concepts in astronomy. This study is a qualitative study with primary data sources in the form of the anime Orb: On the Movements of the Earth and secondary sources in the form of literature related to astronomy and Islamic astronomy. Data collection techniques are carried out through library studies and visual observations of anime content, then analyzed using content analysis methods with an interdisciplinary approach between modern astronomy and Islamic astronomy. The results of the study show that this anime represents the heliocentric theory visually and narratively through astronomical symbols and historical narratives. The implementation of this concept in anime effectively simplifies complex scientific theories. From the perspective of astronomy, the heliocentric theory is understood as a manifestation of the order of God's creation that supports the accuracy of determining the direction of the Qibla, prayer times, and the Hijri calendar. This finding confirms the harmony between modern science and Islamic values. The implications of this study confirm that modern visual media can be a link between contemporary science and Islamic scientific traditions, as well as opening up opportunities for interdisciplinary learning approaches in Islamic educational institutions.
KONFLIK SOSIAL TERHADAP PERBEDAAN PENDAPAT RUKYATUL HILAL DALAM MENENTUKAN KALENDER ISLAM Sari, Putri Waliyu; Amir, Rahma
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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ABSTRACT This relselalrch discusses social conflict regarding differences of opinion on rukyatul hilal in determining the Islamic calendar. The formulation of the problem in this thesis is firstly, namely, what is the method for determining the Islamic calendar, secondly what is the social conflict that occurs due to differences of opinion on rukyatul hilal in determining the Islamic calendar, thirdly what is the solution to responding to differences of opinion on rukyatul hilal in determining the Islamic calendar. This research uses heritage research (Library Research) in looking for articles, theses, journals and books that are related to the author's title. The approaches used by the author are the Sharia approach and the astronomical approach. According to the data source, the data in this research is divided into two data, namely primary data and secondary data. The results of this research show that. Firstly, the methods used to determine the Islamic calendar are Rukyatul Hilal (bil fi'il), Wujudul Hilal (ijtima'qobla qurub), Imkanur rukyat MABIMS and Global Rukyat (matla-al badar). Second, the social conflict that occurs is that there are differences of opinion in determining the Islamic calendar, especially regarding the method between reckoning and rukyat, which can cause significant social conflict. This conflict arises from various factors, including differences in criteria which still adhere to the opinions of schools of thought and hisab or rukyat experts. Third, the solution in responding to differences of opinion on rukyatul hilal in determining the Islamic calendar is to eliminate the principle that one method between groups is the most effective, reaching agreement on the methods and criteria applied. Convey information through seminars and training in Astrology and the government-MUI becomes an intermediary with the hisab and rukyah groups for valid decisions. The implication of this research is that research shows that there are several methods used to organize the Islamic calendar. This highlights the need for a deeper understanding of these various methods and their application to religious practice. This researcher hopes that with this research, it can increase scientific insight regarding Falak Science, especially regarding differences of opinion on rukyatul hilal in determining the Islamic calendar. And it is hoped that groups or mass organizations will hold deliberations or seminars on Falak Science to find solutions to differences of opinion in determining the Islamic calendar.
WETON DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENERASI Z; STUDI FENOMENOLOGI SISTEM PENANGGALAN JAWA DI DESA BETAO KEC. PITU RIAWA KAB. SIDRAP PERSPEKTIF ILMU FALAK Margaretha, Indri; Irfan, Irfan
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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ABSTRACT Weton is a combination of days in the seven-day calendar (Sunday-Monday) with five Javanese market days (Legi, Pon, Wage, and Kliwon) to form a 35-day cycle. This main problem is then formulated into several sub-problems or research questions, namely: how the results of generation z interpret weton in everyday life and how the Javanese calendar system is related to the Islamic calendar system from the perspective of astronomy. This study aims to examine and analyze how generation z responds to weton and what its relationship is with astronomy. This type of research is a qualitative field research with the research approaches used are: phenomenological approach, and astronomy. The data sources in this study are based on the results of observations and interviews as well as documentation supported by document studies. Data processing and analysis techniques are carried out by data collection, data processing, and data presentation. The results of the study show first, that generation z does not all know about weton and only follows the traditions carried out by their parents as a form of respect. Second, the Javanese weton calendar system and the Islamic calendar have the same relationship discussing the determination of the beginning of the month. In determining each calendar, astronomy plays a crucial role in calculating the beginning of the month. The implication of this research is the need for cultural education to ensure that traditional heritage is not forgotten. Astronomy as an educational tool can be beneficial by providing examples of how to determine time with Islamic values while preserving culture.
PENGARUH VARIASI GEOGRAFIS TERHADAP WAKTU MATAHARI TERBENAM DAN SYAFAQ: STUDI KOMPARATIF DI PANTAI KURI DAN KECAMATAN CAMBA, KABUPATEN MAROS Gibran, Muh. Chalil; Agus, Jasdar
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract The determination of prayer times, especially Maghrib and Isha, is highly dependent on the astronomical phenomena of sunset and the disappearance of twilight (syafaq). Variations in geographical conditions such as altitude and horizon characteristics can potentially cause time differences, yet systematic comparative studies in areas with contrasting topography remain limited. This study aims to: 1) analyze the results of hisab calculations for sunset and syafaq disappearance in the mountainous area (Camba District) and coastal area (Kuri Beach), Maros Regency, and 2) examine the influence of geographical differences and altitude on these two times. This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative method based on astronomy (hisab). Geographical data were obtained via Google Earth, while solar astronomical data (declination and equation of time) were sourced from the 2026 Ephemeris of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Calculation samples were taken on four dates representing seasonal changes: March 1, June 1, September 1, and December 1, 2026. The results show that the coastal area of Kuri Beach (±5 masl) consistently experiences later Maghrib and Isha times compared to the mountainous area of Camba (±480 masl), with a time difference ranging from 1 to 2 minutes. Scientifically, this difference is caused by the influence of elevation on the geometric horizon and local horizon conditions. Although the difference is small, from a Sharia perspective, it is significant as it relates to the validity of worship, particularly in the context of hastening to break the fast. This study concludes that geographical factors and altitude have a real influence on determining prayer times; thus, the concept of ihtiyath (precautionary time) is crucial in preparing prayer schedules to accommodate local variations.
SINERGI FIKIH DAN ILMU FALAK: ANALISIS KRITIS LARANGAN BUANG HAJAT MENGHADAP KIBLAT Said, Musdalifah; Akmal, Muhammad
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract This study aims to analyze the nature of the prohibition on defecating facing or facing away from the Qibla normatively, identify its urgency in the formation of character and spatial orientation of Muslims, and explore its multidimensional wisdom through the approach of astronomy and modern science. The method used is qualitative library research with data sources from classical fiqh literature, hadith, and scientific astronomy journals. The data is analyzed descriptively and analytically by integrating Islamic law approaches and astronomical calculations (spherical trigonometry and the WGS-84 geodetic model). The results of the study indicate that: First, this prohibition is based on authentic hadith as a form of ta'zhim al-qiblah (respect for the Qibla), where the majority of scholars agree that it is haram in open spaces (fadha') and provide leniency (rukhsah) in buildings with barriers. Second, spiritually and technically, this provision functions as an instrument for character formation and awareness of spatial orientation (spatial awareness), as well as being a guide for modern architecture in balancing normative texts with the reality of building design. Third, from an astronomical perspective, this prohibition encourages the integration of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and science through the use of GPS technology and the ellipsoidal Earth model for directional accuracy. This aligns with the Maqasid al-Shariah values ​​of protecting reason and the environment, transforming ritual observance into an applicable scientific understanding.
INTEGRASI ILMU FALAK DALAM PENENTUAN AWAL MUSIM TANAM PETANI DESA SIMPASAI KECAMATAN LAMBU KABUPATEN BIMA Ahmad, Ahmad; Wakia, Nurul
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract The research objective has two problem formulations, namely: 1) How is the Traditional Understanding of Simpasai Village Farmers in Determining the Beginning of the Planting Season, 2) How is the Integration of Astronomy in Determining the Beginning of the Planting Season in Simpasai Village? This type of research uses qualitative field research with an approach namely Astronomy, Sharia and Phenomenology. The data sources of this research consist of primary data obtained through direct observation and interviews with related parties, secondary data sourced from supporting literature such as Astronomy books, scientific journals, and previous research results. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing and analysis techniques are carried out through, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the traditional understanding of Simpasai Village farmers in determining the beginning of the planting season is based on observations of celestial phenomena, namely the stars Nggala / Orion and Fumpu / Pleiades, consideration of the concept of nahas (bad days), and the implementation of mbolo weki (deliberation) to determine the day and date of planting. The integration of astronomy in determining the beginning of the planting season in Simpasai village is formed through a combination of observations of astronomical phenomena, belief in the concept of bad luck, and the bolo weki system as a process for determining the most appropriate planting time. This study shows that there is a relationship between astronomy and the local wisdom of the Simpasai village community in determining the beginning of the planting season. Farmers, religious leaders and the village government are expected to maintain and document knowledge about Nggala/Orion and fumpu/pleiades so that it can be passed down to the next generation, and the bolo weki (Deliberation) activity continues to be carried out and strengthened to reduce the risk of crop failure. Keywords: Integration, Astronomy, Determining the Start of the Planting Season
ANALISIS POSISI MATAHARI PADA SISTEM ZODIAK MODERN BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF ILMU FALAK Awalia, Fatima Restu; Aisyah, Nur A
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract The modern zodiac system originated from the division of the Sun's annual apparent path along the ecliptic and was initially developed as an astronomical coordinate system. Over time, however, it has become more widely associated with astrology, linking the Sun's position to human personality traits, while its correspondence with actual astronomical conditions remains a subject of debate. This study aims to analyze the Sun's position within the modern zodiac system based on falakiyah data and to examine the modern zodiac from the perspective of Ilmu Falak (Islamic astronomy). This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data were collected through a literature review of books, scholarly journal articles, and astronomical references related to the Sun's position, the zodiac system, and the phenomenon of the precession of the equinoxes. Data were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach through the stages of data reduction, classification, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the modern zodiac system no longer fully represents the Sun's actual position relative to the zodiac constellations due to the gradual shift of the vernal equinox caused by the precession of the equinoxes. Furthermore, the analysis based on falakiyah data demonstrates that the Sun's position can be accurately determined through hisab (astronomical calculation) and modern astronomical data, providing a more objective representation of the Sun's annual apparent motion along the ecliptic. This study concludes that Ilmu Falak offers a scientific framework for evaluating the modern zodiac system based on verified astronomical data while emphasizing the distinction between the zodiac as an astronomical coordinate system and astrology as a form of symbolic interpretation. The implications of this study are expected to strengthen the development of Ilmu Falak through the application of modern astronomical data and to serve as a scientific reference for distinguishing empirically verifiable astronomical concepts from symbolic astrological interpretations. Keywords: Ilmu Falak, Sun Position, Modern Zodiac, Falakiyah Data, Precession of the Equinoxes.
DETERMINASI ARAH KIBLAT MENGGUNAKAN AZIMUTH AWAN CUMULONIMBUS (RELEVANSI KAJIAN ILMU FALAK DAN METEOROLOGI) Fajar, Muh.; Rizal, andi Syam
HISABUNA: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract This study discusses the determination of the direction of the Qibla using the azimuth of the cumulonimbus cloud as an alternative to determining the direction of the Qibla in the perspective of the integration of astronomy and meteorology. This research is motivated by the importance of the direction of the qibla in prayer and the need for alternative methods of determining the direction of the qibla when modern tools or astronomical observations cannot be used optimally. Therefore, this study aims to find out: 1) how to determine the direction of the qibla using the azimuth of the cumulonimbus cloud; 2) How is the accuracy of the azimuth of the cumulonimbus cloud in determining the direction of the Qibla. Cumulonimbus clouds are chosen because they have the characteristics of vertical growth and a specific direction of movement that can be visually observed in the atmosphere. This study uses the library research method with a normative sharia and descriptive approach. Data were obtained through literature reviews in the form of books, journals, scientific articles, and relevant sources that discuss the direction of the qibla, astronomy, meteorology, azimuth, and characteristics of cumulonimbus clouds. The analysis was carried out by examining the relevance between the concept of azimuth in astronomy and the movement pattern of cumulonimbus clouds in meteorology. The results of the study show that the azimuth of cumulonimbus clouds can theoretically be used as an alternative indicator in determining the direction of the qibla, especially when the position of the sun and other celestial bodies cannot be observed directly. However, the accuracy level of this method is influenced by atmospheric conditions, wind direction, cloud stability, and the geographical position of the observer. Therefore, this method cannot replace the main astronomical method, but it can be used as an alternative approach based on natural phenomena. This study shows the relevance between astronomy and meteorology in the development of adaptive and contextual Qibla direction determination methods. The implications in this study need to be positioned as a supporting alternative in the analysis of the falak, while the astronomical method that has a better level of precision, stability, and validity of measurements remains the main foundation in determining the direction of the qibla. Keywords: Qibla Direction, Azimuth, Cumulonimbus Clouds, Islamic Astronomy, Meteorology

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