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Amerta
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/amt
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not exclusive, audiences are researchers, academicians, graduate students, practitioners, and others interested in archaeological research. AMERTA accepts original articles on historical archaeology-related subjects and any research methodology that meets the standards established for publication in the journal. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in historical archaeology, including, but not limited to: 1. Field of archaeological findings in Indonesia’s Proto History, Hindu-Buddhist, Islam, and Colonial periods; 2. New theoretical and methodological analyses; 3. Synthetic overviews of topics in the field of historical archaeology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 727 Documents
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Preface Amerta Volume 40, Nomor 1, Tahun 2022 BRIN
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.30

Abstract

INTERPRETASI AWAL SITUS SRIGADING LAWANG, MALANG Galeswangi, Rakai Hino; Nugroho, Wicaksono Dwi; Wahyudi, Deny Yudo
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.40

Abstract

Abstract. The Initial Interpretation: Srigading Site Lawang-Malang. This study aims to reconstruct the location and function of the Srigading Site and its relation to the text of the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription in the X century, which was found around Singosari. The object of study in this research is the Srigading Site located in Manggis of Srigading Village, Lawang District, Malang Regency, East Java. How is the identification of the Srigading Site viewed from structural, artifactual, and the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription? The research method used is descriptive. The research data were analyzed using archaeological analysis, covering morphology, technology, style, and contextuality. The results of the study stated that the structural and artefactual of the Srigading Site is the building of X century of the Hindu Siwaistis. Based on the Mpu Siṇḍok inscription, Srigading Site is the sacred building led by Watak Hujung that is possed by Rakryan Hujung Pu Maduralokadurañjana, located in Himad Village (known as Srigading Village). The Srigading Site is also predicted to correlate with the sacred building of ‘sanghyang prasada/sanghyang sala i himad’ as mentioned in the Gulung-Gulung and Jeru-Jeru inscriptions, as the Bhaṭara Sala I Himad’s place of worship. Keywords: Srigading Site, Watak Hujung, Himad Village   Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi Situs Srigading dan fungsinya, serta kaitannya terhadap teks prasasti-prasasti masa Mpu Siṇḍok di abad X yang ditemukan di sekitar Singosari. Objek kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah Situs Srigading yang berlokasi di Dusun Manggis, Desa Srigading, Kecamatan Lawang, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Masalah yang diajukan adalah bagaimana identifikasi Situs Srigading ditinjau dari temuan struktural, artefaktual, serta prasasti-prasasti pada masa Mpu Siṇḍok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif. Adapun data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis arkeologi, meliputi morfologi, teknologi, gaya, hingga kontekstual. Hasil penelitian menyatakan berdasar temuan struktural dan artefaktual, Situs Srigading merupakan situs bangunan candi dari bata yang berasal dari sekitar abad X yang bersifat Hindu Siwaistis. Ditinjau dari prasasti masa Mpu Siṇḍok, Situs Srigading merupakan bangunan suci yang berada dalam wilayah Watak Hujung yang dikuasai oleh Rakryan Hujung Pu Maduralokadurañjana berlokasi di Desa Himad yang sekarang dikenal kembali sebagai Desa Srigading. Situs tersebut diduga berhubungan dengan bangunan suci ‘sanghyang prasada/sanghyang sala i himad’ yang disebutkan di dalam prasasti Gulung-Gulung dan prasasti JeruJeru, sebagai tempat pemujaan bagi Bhaṭara Sala I Himad. Kata kunci: Situs Srigading, Watak Hujung, Desa Himad
MENGGALI MAKNA IKONOGRAFIS PADA ARCA BERSIFAT TANTRIS DI PURA KEBO EDAN, KABUPATEN GIANYAR, BALI Rajeg, Kadek Dedy Prawirajaya; Purwanto, Heri; Tirtasari, Coleta Palupi
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.41

Abstract

Abstract. Exploring the Iconographic Meanings of Tantric Structures at Kebo Edan Temple, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. In general studies of statues have been carried out by many experts, but statues related to the Tantrayana teaching have not received enough attention. In this case, the statues in Kebo Edan Temple, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province show that their forms depict the influence of Tantrayana. This research explores the statue forms and analyzes their meaning. The data were collected through observation, documentation, and literature study, and the collected data were analyzed using an iconographic study (morphological and technological analyses). The study results show that the statue forms and their manufacture are motivated by the tantric school within the scope of Shiva, especially at the level of the nirvṛtti marga. The statues are in various forms: a scary shape, dancing attitude, standing on a corpse, showing genitals (penis), snake decoration, masked face, skull decoration, and sword. Furthermore, these statue forms contain profound meanings. It can be said that the meaning of these statue forms symbolizes a relation to God, including the attainment of salvation (moksha), holiness, penance, wisdom, creation, and maintenance. Keywords: Statues, Tantrayana, Iconographic Meaning   Abstrak. Kajian arca secara umum telah banyak dilakukan oleh para ahli, namun arca-arca yang berkaitan dengan aliran Tantrayana belum cukup mendapat perhatian. Dalam hal ini, arca-arca yang berada di Pura Kebo Edan, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali nampak menunjukkan bahwa wujudnya menggambarkan aliran Tantrayana. Penelitian ini menelusuri bentuk-bentuk arca dan menganalisis makna yang terkandung di dalamnya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan kajian ikonografi (analisis morfologi dan teknologi). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk-bentuk arca dan pembuatannya dilatarbelakangi oleh aliran Tantra dalam ruang lingkup Siwa, khususnya pada tataran nirvṛtti marga. Arca tersebut berupa wujud yang menyeramkan, sikap menari, berdiri di atas mayat, menonjolkan alat kelamin (penis), hiasan ular, wajah bertopeng, hiasan tengkorak, dan pedang. Wujud arca ini ternyata mengandung makna yang amat dalam. Dapat dikatakan bahwa makna dari wujud arca tersebut menyimbolkan sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan Tuhan, di antaranya pencapaian moksa, kesucian, penebusan dosa, kebijaksanaan, penciptaan, dan pemeliharaan. Kata kunci: Arca, Tantrayana, Makna Ikonografis
RELIEF DAN STRUKTUR STUPA CANDI BOROBUDUR DITINJAU SECARA ARKEOASTRONOMI Nabila, Kharisma; Surya, Pratama Dharma; Wirawan, Mahbubi Satria Agusti; Nisa, Resty Khairul; Nugrahani, Djaliati Sri
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.42

Abstract

Relationship between components of the Borobudur Temple and relative position of the stars in the universe. Archeoastronomy is a multidisciplinary study of the understanding of astronomical objects in the sky based on cultural relics. This article aims to understand the relationship between Borobudur Temple and archeoastronomy aspects. This study uses an archeoastronomical approach by calculating astronomical data related to star clusters and constellations. Research methods are carried out offline and online through literature studies, observations, and data analysis. The results of this study show that the reliefs of Borobudur Temple based on the Sudhana story on the Gandavyuha reliefs have a relationship with the relative position of the stars in the universe. This is shown through the depiction of seven small spheres interpreted as the pleiades star cluster. Another component relationship, is therelationship between the 72 stupas of Borobudur Temple and the solstice and the use of the Pleiades star cluster by the ancient people of Borobudur as a marker of the seasonal system.
TRANSFORMASI SENI GORES TATO: KAJIAN SEMIOTIK DAN MAKNANYA Sulistyanto, Bambang
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.46

Abstract

Abstract. The Transformation of Tattoo Art: A Study of Semiotics and Its Meaning. This paper uses a semiotic approach to reveal the hidden meaning behind tattoo art. As an art, a tattoo does not have a definite standard of beauty because beauty is very relative. The tattoo, as the object of this study, is a symbol that the designer uses to impress the community. As an art, a tattoo is not static but dynamic, and it changes every time. The research problem is how the change in the tattoo as a national cultural masterpiece can occur and what the factors behind it are. This study aims to explain the shift of tattoos’ meaning, which used to be sacred and religious, but now has shifted into profane. This study uses the ethnography method to describe the social phenomenon and society’s culture under the constructivism paradigm. Because the art of body decoration is interpreted as a symbol, the semiotic theory is considered an appropriate approach to explain the meaning behind the art of tattoos. From this study, the author finds out that, as a civilization, a tattoo is dynamic and can change over time. Keywords: Civilization, Semiotics, Dynamics, Tattoo, Symbol   Absrak. Karya tulis ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotik untuk mengungkapkan makna yang tersembunyi di balik karya seni tato. Sebagai karya seni, tato tidak mempuyai standar keindahan yang pasti, karena keindahan itu sendiri sangat relatif sifatnya. Tato yang menjadi objek kajian ini adalah symbol yang ingin disampaikan oleh perancangnya kepada masyarakat penggunanya. Sebagai karya seni, tato tidaklah statis, tetapi dinamis dan akan bergerak sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman yang melahirkannya. Permasalahahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perubahan seni gores tato sebagai karya budaya bangsa dapat terjadi dan apa faktor penyebabnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan pergeseran makna seni hias tato yang dahulu bersifat sakral dan religius, sekarang bergeser menjadi profan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode etnografi yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena sosial dan budaya suatu masyarakat yang diteliti dengan posisi berada di bawah paradigma konstruktivisme. Oleh karena seni hias tubuh tersebut dimaknai sebagai simbol, teori semiotik dipandang tepat untuk menjelaskan makna di balik seni hias tato. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sebagai suatu peradaban, tato bersifat dinamis dan mengalami perubahan sesuai zamannya. Kata kunci: Peradaban, Semiotik, Dinamika, Tato, Simbol
PIYAGĔM SUKAPURA (1641 M): GEOPOLITIK KERAJAAN MATARAM ISLAM DI PRIANGAN Alnoza, Muhamad
AMERTA Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2022.119

Abstract

Abstract, Piyagem Sukapura (1641 Ad): Geopolitics of Islamic Mataram Kingdom in Priangan, Piyagem is epigraphic evidence of the hegemony establishment of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom in the Priangan area. The period of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom’s power began with the suwer of the King of Sumedang, Raden Suriadiwangsa, to Sultan Agung in 1620. One of the piyagem issued by Sultan Agung while reigning in Priangan was Piyagem Sukapura. This metal inscription with the New Javanese script outlines the information on the three regencies’ establishment in Priangan in 1641 AD. This research further seeks to answer the problem regarding the relationship between the establishment of the three regencies in Priangan and geopolitical phenomena in the Islamic Mataram Kingdom. The research steps taken included data collection and analysis, in which the primary data source of this study was the transliteration of Piyagem Sukapura, while the secondary sources used as comparisons included the Sajarah Sukapura and Sajarah Cikundul manuscripts. In the end, this research concludes that Piyagem Sukapura is closely related to Sultan Agung’s geopolitical strategy after the rebellion of Dipati Ukur and the failure of the conquest of Batavia. Keyword: Geopolitic, Piyagem Sukapura; Priangan; Sultan Agung   Abstrak, Piyagem merupakan bukti epigrafis dari berdirinya hegemoni kuasa Kerajaan Mataram Islam di daerah Priangan, Rentang waktu kekuasaan Kerajaan Mataram Islam dimulai sejak menyerahnya Raja Sumedang, Raden Suriadiwangsa, kepada Sultan Agung di tahun 1620. Salah satu piyagem yang dikeluarkan Sultan Agung selama memerintah di Priangan adalah Piyagem Sukapura. Prasasti logam beraksara dan berbahasa Jawa Baru ini, menguraikan keterangan pendirian tiga kabupaten di Priangan pada tahun 1641 M. Penelitian ini lebih lanjut berusaha untuk menjawab permasalahan soal kaitan antara pendirian tiga kabupaten di Priangan tersebut dan fenomena geopolitik di Kerajaan Mataram Islam. Adapun langkah-langkah penelitian yang diambil meliputi pengumpulan data dan analisis. Sumber data primer penelitian ini adalah transliterasi Piyagem Sukapura, sedangkan sumber sekunder yang dijadikan pembanding di antaranya manuskrip Sajarah Sukapura dan Sajarah Cikundul. Penelitian ini di akhir menghasilkan simpulan bahwa Piyagem Sukapura berkaitan erat dengan strategi geopolitik Sultan Agung pasca pemberontakan Dipati Ukur dan kegagalan penaklukan Batavia. Kata Kunci: Geopolitik; Piyagem Sukapura; Priangan; Sultan Agung.
LIMINALITAS AIR: POLA PERSEBARAN PATIRTHĀN DI SISI UTARA HINGGA TENGGARA GUNUNG UNGARAN Pharmasetiawan, Garin; Munandar, Agus
AMERTA Vol. 41 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2023.270

Abstract

Abstract. Water Liminality: Distribution Pattern of Patirthān on the North to Southeast of Mount Ungaran. The placement of sacred buildings such as patirthān was determined by certain concepts at the time. Patirthāns on Mount Ungaran are spread from the northern side to the southeast side of Mount Ungaran i.e. slopes, valleys, plains of Rawa Pening, and north coastal plains of Semarang. This study aims to find the factors behind the distribution pattern of the patirthāns. The stages of the research consisted of data collection, analysis, and interpretation. To achieve the research objectives, the analysis was carried out using comparative and classification methods to look for differences in sacred objects that have context with the patirthān based on placement on the mountain, the relative chronology, and the shape of the patirthāns. The results show that patirthāns on Mount Ungaran can be divided into three levels of sacredness based on the form, function, and activities carried out. The distribution on the specified aspect shows the placement of the patirthāns on Mount Ungaran has a random pattern. The concept of tirthā has caused the spread of patirthān on Mount Ungaran to have a dogmatic function. This function affected the role of patirthāns as a component of the sacred area marker as well as the reinforcement of the meru concept for Mount Ungaran. Patirthān also becomes a medium of worship of Lord Shiva, who is believed to reside in the mountain. Keywords: Mount Ungaran, Sacred Geography, Distribution Pattern, Patirthān, Tirthā   Abstrak. Penempatan suatu bangunan sering kali ditentukan oleh suatu konsep yang berkembang pada suatu masa tertentu. Patirthān di Gunung Ungaran tersebar pada bagian lereng, lembah, dataran Rawa Pening, dan dataran pantai utara Semarang. Berdasarkan orientasinya dari puncak gunung, patirthān dapat ditemui pada sisi utara hingga tenggara gunung. Oleh sebab itu, kajian ini bertujuan mencari faktor yang melatarbelakangi persebaran dari patirthān di Gunung Ungaran. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan interpretasi. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian, analisis dilakukan dengan metode komparasi dan klasifikasi untuk mencari perbedaan tinggalan yang memiliki konteks dengan patirthān berdasarkan posisi penempatan di gunung, kronologi relatif, dan bentuk dari patirthān-patirthān tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, patirthān di Gunung Ungaran dapat dibagi menjadi tiga tingkatan sakralitas, yaitu berdasarkan bentuk, fungsi, dan aktivitas yang dilakukan.  Berdasarkan persebaran dari aspek yang ditentukan, penempatan patirthān di Gunung Ungaran memiliki  pola yang acak. Konsep tirthā telah menyebabkan persebaran dari patirthān di Gunung Ungaran memiliki fungsi dogmatis. Fungsi tersebut berimplikasi pada peranan patirthān sebagai komponen penanda wilayah suci sekaligus penguat dari konsep meru bagi Gunung Ungaran. Patirthān dalam hal ini juga turut menjadi media pemujaan terhadap Dewa Siwa yang diyakini bersemayam di gunung. Kata kunci:  Gunung Ungaran, Geografi Suci, Pola distribusi, Patirthān, Tirthā
LATAR BELAKANG SEJARAH DAN PERTIMBANGAN LOKASI PERMUKIMAN CANDI BARU DI SEMARANG S.S, Harriyadi; Jauharatna, Kartynada; Nugroho, Dimas; Bismoko, Dimas Seno; Syofiadisna, Panji; Mahardian, Dewangga Eka
AMERTA Vol. 41 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2023.658

Abstract

Abstract. The Historical Background and Site Consideration Candi Baru Settlement in Semarang. Semarang is a port city in Java that had rapid development during the late Colonial era. The city has developed into an industrial and administrative center since the Dutch influence in the archipelago. The growth of job opportunities led to an increase in the urbanization rate as people moved to Semarang. The Area of Candi Baru Settlement was developed in the 1900th by the Dutch colonial government, located south of Semarang in Gajahmungkur Hill, which is quite far from the city and in the hilly area. This study aimed to determine the historical background and considerations for selecting the location of the Candi Baru Settlement during the Colonial period. The data used in the research include old maps to understand the development of the settlement and its environmental context, as well as literature data such as historical archives to explore its social and political aspects. The qualitative analysis was carried out by connecting historical data with environmental data to identify the environmental factors and colonial government intervention. The results of this study indicate that poor ecological sanitation, disease outbreak, and population mortality rates are the driving factors for the opening of settlements south of Semarang City. Gajahmungkur Hills provides an alternative healthy living environment and is comfortable for its residents. Keywords: Candi Baru, Semarang, Settlement   Abstrak. Semarang adalah kota pelabuhan di Pulau Jawa yang cukup pesat perkembangannya pada era akhir Kolonial. Semarang tumbuh menjadi pusat perdagangan dan industri sejak ditetapkan sebagai kota praja. Berkembangnya lapangan pekerjaan berdampak pada meningkatnya laju urbanisasi penduduk menuju Semarang. Area Permukiman Candi Baru dikembangkan pemerintah kolonial Belanda pada tahun 1900-an, yang terletak di sebelah selatan Semarang, tepatnya di Bukit Gajahmungkur. Lokasinya terbilang cukup jauh dari pusat Kota Semarang dan berada pada area bukit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang sejarah dan pertimbangan pemilihan lokasi Permukiman Candi Baru Semarang pada masa Kolonial. Data yang digunakan berupa peta lama untuk mengetahui perkembangan permukiman dan konteks lingkungannya serta data pustaka berupa arsip-arsip sejarah untuk mengetahui aspek sosial, politik, dan lingkungan yang melatarbelakanginya. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan mengaitkan data sejarah dengan lingkungan sehingga dapat diperoleh faktor pertimbangan lingkungan dan intervensi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kolonial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan buruknya sanitasi lingkungan, wabah penyakit, dan tingginya angka kematian penduduk di Kota Semarang sebagai faktor pendorong dibukanya permukiman baru di sebelah selatan Kota Semarang. Bukit Gajahmungkur memberikan alternatif lingkungan tempat tinggal yang sehat dan nyaman para penghuninya. Kata Kunci: Candi Baru, Permukiman, Semarang
ARSITEKTUR STASIUN LASEM DITINJAU DARI PENDEKATAN ARKEOLOGI KESEJARAHAN Wijaya, Candrika Ilham
AMERTA Vol. 41 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2023.685

Abstract

Abstract. Lasem Station Architecture Viewed from Historical Archaeological Approach. At the end of the 19th century, Lasem Station was built by the Semarang-Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij (SJS) as a railway line connecting Semarang and Lasem. Despite existing studies pertaining to Lasem, research on the specific architecture of the Lasem Station remains limited. Through a historical archaeological approach, this investigation seeks to dissect fundamental elements such as the physical form, architectural style, and the social and cultural background of the construction of Lasem Station during the colonial era. Data were procured through field observations, archival document analysis (including historical documents, old maps, and photographs from that era), interviews, and relevant secondary references. The research findings indicate that the Lasem Station played a vital role in connecting the production sector with the trading center, facilitating the conveyance of commodities such as teak wood, tobacco, and sugar from inland regions to the coastal area, thereby establishing the station as a centre of distribution and economic activity within the city of Lasem. This research also sheds light on the relocation of the station’s position westward of Lasem City, which improved the distribution of goods and railway maintenance. The Lasem Station, as a historical legacy of SJS, boasts a grand colonial architectural style, characterized by curved ornamentation above Romanesque-style doors, the use of wide windows and doors, and a gabled roof design. Despite experiencing modifications primarily in the canopy, the original elements, such as floors, walls, and roofs, have been preserved, maintaining their authenticity. Overall, this study unveils the role of the railway route and spatial arrangement of the Lasem Station in reshaping the economic dynamics and urban structure, while the architecture of Lasem Station reflects a rich cultural and historical heritage. These architectural elements can reflects the colonial influence and the socio-economic dynamics of the era. Keyword: Lasem Station, Historical Archaeology, Semarang Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij   Abstrak. Pada akhir abad 19, Stasiun Lasem dibangun oleh Semarang-Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij (SJS) sebagai jalur yang menghubungkan antara Semarang dan Lasem. Kajian tentang Lasem sudah banyak dilakukan, akan tetapi penelitian arsitektur khusus Stasiun Lasem masih terbatas. Melalui pendekatan arkeologi kesejarahan, penelitian ini berupaya mengurai elemen-elemen fundamental, seperti bentuk fisik, gaya arsitektur, serta latar belakang sosial dan budaya dalam pembangunan Stasiun Lasem pada era kolonial. Data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, analisis dokumen arsip (termasuk dokumen sejarah, peta lama, dan fotografi era tersebut), wawancara, dan referensi sekunder yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Stasiun Lasem memainkan peran vital dalam menghubungkan sektor produksi dengan pusat perdagangan, memudahkan komoditas, seperti kayu jati, tembakau, dan gula dipindahkan dari pedalaman menuju pesisir, dan menjadikan stasiun tersebut sebagai pusat distribusi dan aktivitas ekonomi di Kota Lasem. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti perpindahan posisi stasiun ke barat Kota Lasem yang memperlancar distribusi barang dan pemeliharaan rel kereta api. Stasiun Lasem, sebagai peninggalan sejarah SJS memiliki gaya arsitektur kolonial yang megah dengan ornamentasi lengkung di atas pintu berlanggam romawi, penggunaan jendela dan pintu yang lebar, serta gaya atap dengan tipe gables. Meskipun mengalami modifikasi terutama kanopi, elemen-elemen asli seperti lantai, dinding, dan atap tetap terjaga, sehingga masih terlihat keasliannya. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini mengungkapkan peran jalur kereta api dan tata letak Stasiun Lasem dalam mengubah dinamika ekonomi dan struktur kota, sementara arsitektur Stasiun Lasem merefleksikan warisan budaya dan sejarah yang kaya. Elemen-elemen arsitektural tersebut dapat mencerminkan pengaruh kolonial dan dinamika sosial ekonomi pada periode tersebut.   Kata kunci: Stasiun Lasem, Arkeologi Kesejarahan, Semarang Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij
Tumbuhan dalam Konteks Permukiman dan Penguburan: Studi Fitolit dari Situs Doro Mpana, Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat Wahyu Pratama, Aldhi; Anggraeni; Juliawati, Ni Putu Eka
AMERTA Vol. 41 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/amt.2023.712

Abstract

Abstract. Plants in the Settlement and Burial Context: Phytolith Study from Doro Mpana Site, Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara. The Doro Mpana site in Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara is one of the sites with traces of human interaction with the surrounding vegetation. Excavations have revealed human activities in the past, specifically settlement and burial activities. Archaeobotanical research conducted at the Doro Mpana site aims to determine the use of plants by its inhabitants. The research took an archaeobotanical approach, using phytolith data from pottery residues. Eighteen fragments of pottery edges and 3 fragments of pottery bodies were taken from box S20B1, and 10 fragments of pottery edges and 4 fragments of pottery bodies were taken from box T1S20, which had a settlement context. Meanwhile, samples with burial context were taken from concentrated pottery in spit 7 of box S20B1 and spit 4 of box T1S20. Phytolith extraction was carried out using a heavy-liquid floatation method with SPt (Sodium Polytungstate) solution, and identification was done using ICPN 2.0 (International Code for Phytolith Nomenclature). The results showed the presence of various plants such as palm tree (Arecaceae), bamboo (Poaceae) and ginger plants (Zingeberaceae) that were likely utilised in the past by the inhibitants of the Doro Mpana Site in the XIII-XV centuries AD. Keywords: sediments, residue, phytolith, earthenware, Doro Mpana Site   Abstrak. Situs Doro Mpana di Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan salah satu situs dengan indikasi adanya interaksi manusia dengan tumbuhan di sekitarnya. Ekskavasi yang telah dilakukan menemukan adanya aktivitas manusia di masa lalu, yakni aktivitas permukiman dan penguburan. Penelitian arkeobotani yang dilakukan pada Situs Doro Mpana, bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pemanfaatan tumbuhan oleh manusia pendukungnya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan pendekatan arkeobotani menggunakan data fitolit yang diambil dari residu gerabah. Sampel yang diambil adalah 18 fragmen tepian gerabah dan 3 fragmen badan gerabah dari kotak S20B1, serta 10 fragmen tepian gerabah dan 4 fragmen badan gerabah dari kotak T1S20 yang memiliki konteks permukiman. Sementara, sampel dengan konteks penguburan diambil dari gerabah terkonsentrasi pada spit 7 kotak S20B1 dan spit 4 kotak T1S20. Ekstraksi fitolit dengan metode heavy-liquid floatation dengan larutan SPt (Sodium Polytungstate) dan identifikasi menggunakan nomenklatur ICPN 2.0 (International Code for Phytolith Nomenclature). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya beberapa tumbuhan seperti palem-paleman (Arecaceae), bambu (Poaceae) dan tumbuhan temu-temuan (Zingeberaceae) yang kemungkinan dimanfaatkan di masa lalu oleh manusia pendukung Situs Doro Mpana pada abad XIII–XV M. Kata kunci: sedimen, residu, fitolit, gerabah, Situs Doro Mpana

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