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Jurnal Polimesin
Published by Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe
ISSN : 16935462     EISSN : 25491199     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Polimesin mostly publishes studies in the core areas of mechanical engineering, such as energy conversion, machine and mechanism design, and manufacturing technology. As science and technology develop rapidly in combination with other disciplines such as electrical, Polimesin also adapts to new facts by accepting manuscripts in mechatronics. In Biomechanics, Mechanical study in musculoskeletal and bio-tissue has been widely recognized to help better life quality for disabled people and physical rehabilitation work. Such a wide range of Polimesin could be published, but it still has criteria to apply mechanical systems and principles. Exceeding the limitation has been a common reason for rejection by those outside the scope. Using chemical principles more than mechanical ones in material engineering has been a common reason for rejection after submission. Excessive exploration of the management within the discipline of Industrial Engineering in the manufacturing technology scope is also unacceptable. The sub-scope biomechanics that focuses on ergonomics and does not study movement involving applied force on the bio-tissue is also not suitable for submission.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October" : 25 Documents clear
Hydrometallurgical extraction of TiO2 from iron sand for industrial raw material Sukmara, Sony; Manaf, Azwar; Adi, Wisnu Ari; Putra, Adi Ganda
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7751

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an essential raw material widely used in Indonesia’s medical, cosmetic, paint, cement, aerospace, and defense industries. Despite its industrial importance, domestic TiO2 production remains limited, resulting in continued dependence on imports. Meanwhile, Indonesia possesses abundant iron sand resources that have not been fully utilized as potential raw materials for TiO2 extraction. This study aims to extract titanium dioxide from iron sand obtained from the southern coast of Lebak Regency, Banten Province. The extraction process began with the preparation of iron sand through washing, drying, and magnetic separation to isolate titanium-rich minerals, mainly ilmenite (FeTiO3) and titanomagnetite (Fe2TiO4). The ilmenite concentrate was leached using sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 96%) at 150–200 °C, forming titanium oxysulfate (TiOSO4) and ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). The solution was filtered, and titanium was precipitated as hydrated titanium dioxide (TiO2•H2O) through neutralization. The precipitate was washed, dried, and calcined at 500 °C to obtain anatase-phase TiO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed dominant mineral phases of ilmenite (98.63%) and titanomagnetite (90.56%), while X-ray fluorescence (XRF) showed titanium contents of 22.72% in FeTiO3 and 20.45% in Fe2TiO4. The resulting TiO2 exhibited an anatase phase with 98.7% purity. The findings confirm that Lebak’s southern coastal iron sand is rich in titanium-bearing minerals, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable raw material for domestic TiO2 production. This study provides a preliminary foundation for optimizing the extraction process to enhance yield and support local industrial development.
Mitigating operational risks and enhancing machine performance through total productive maintenance and OEE: a case study on packaging equipment Ruspendi, Ruspendi; Rusmalah, Rusmalah; Hendra, Franka; Effendi, Riki
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7469

Abstract

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a laser marking machine in an instant noodle packaging line using a Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) framework and Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) metrics over a 12‑month period. A mixed‑method design combined direct observation, semi‑structured interviews with operators and technicians, and a literature review to assess availability, performance efficiency, and quality rate. The machine achieved excellent availability, averaging 98.95%, reflecting the impact of preventive maintenance in reducing unplanned downtime. Performance efficiency varied substantially, ranging from 59.13% to 93.27%, indicating significant headroom for productivity improvement through cycle‑time stabilization and minor‑stoppage reduction. The quality rate averaged 89.21% and remained relatively stable, though still short of ideal benchmarks, suggesting the need for tighter in‑process quality control. The monthly OEE peaked at 84.77% in April, approaching the JIPM benchmark of 85%, while the period average was 60.38%, underscoring the need for sustained improvement initiatives. Among the three components, performance efficiency exerted the greatest influence on OEE due to its high variability across months.
Dynamic braking performance of a low-mass prototype vehicle under different speeds and loads Istana, Budi; Ridwan, Abrar; Sitompul, Izazul Kafitra
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7414

Abstract

Dynamic braking performance is well understood in conventional vehicles, but its characteristics in ultra-lightweight, energy-efficient prototype vehicles remain poorly documented, despite their growing role in energy efficiency competitions and urban mobility concepts. This study experimentally investigated stop braking performance under varying vehicle speeds and masses in a low-mass prototype vehicle (V1.0). Tests were conducted at four speed levels (10, 20, 30, and 40 km/h) and two mass configurations (135 kg and 165 kg), with each scenario repeated five times on a flat 100 m track. With an increase in speed from 30 to 40 km/h, the 135-kg configuration showed increases in braking distance of 11.14 m (133%), braking time of 1.92 s (47%), and disc pad temperature of 0.66 °C (1.5%). The 165-kg configuration showed corresponding increases of 14.21 m (152%), 3.02 s (75%), and 1.40 °C (3.3%). Across the full test range, increasing speed from 10 km/h to 40 km/h for the 135-kg configuration increased braking distance from 1.78 m to 19.5 m (+995%) and braking time from 1.63 s to 5.04 s (+209%). Increasing mass from 135 kg to 165 kg at 30 km/h increased braking distance by 0.97 m (11.6%) and braking time by 0.59 s (17.3%). Disc pad temperatures remained within a safe range, rising only from 41.1 °C to 42.5 °C (+3.4%) across the tested speeds. These quantitative findings provide critical data for optimizing braking system design in lightweight, energy-efficient prototypes, ensuring operational safety under various load and speed conditions.
Mechanical and impact performance of oil palm trunk fiber composites for crash box applications Sukarno, Sukarno; Suci, Indah Melati
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7818

Abstract

The increasing demand for lightweight and sustainable materials in automotive safety components has driven interest in natural fiber composites. Abundant oil palm trunk waste in South Kalimantan presents a promising, low-cost source for composite reinforcement. This study aims to analyze the crashworthiness performance of crash box structures using oil palm trunk fiber composites as an environmentally friendly alternative material. The research method involved the fabrication of composite specimens with fiber orientations of 30°, 60°, and 90°, using epoxy resin as the matrix. Mechanical testing included tensile tests based on ASTM D638-02 and Charpy impact tests based on ASTM D6110. The tensile test results showed that fiber orientation significantly affects the mechanical properties of the composites. The 60° orientation exhibited the highest tensile strength and elastic modulus, while the 30° orientation demonstrated the highest elongation, indicating better ductility. The 90° orientation showed intermediate performance but tended to be brittle. The impact test results revealed that the 60° fiber orientation had the highest toughness in absorbing impact energy, whereas the 30° and 90° orientations displayed lower toughness. Overall, the 60° fiber orientation of oil palm trunk composites shows potential for crash box applications, as it provides a balance between strength and toughness, although its brittleness still requires further consideration.
Investigation of the acoustic behavior of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) frond fiber at various weights Tajuddin, Tajuddin; Husaini, Husaini; Suhaeri, Suhaeri
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7638

Abstract

The increasing demand for sustainable materials in noise control applications has driven interest in natural fiber-based sound absorbers. This study investigates the potential of oil palm frond fiber (Elaeis guineensis) as an alternative to synthetic acoustic materials. The fibers were extracted, dried, and hot-pressed at 200°C into 100 mm × 10 mm cylindrical samples with varying weigh of 20–60 g. Pore morphology and composition were analyzed using SEM–EDX, while sound absorption coefficients (α) were measured using an impedance tube (ISO 10534-2) across 125–4000 Hz. SEM–EDX results revealed a highly porous structure dominated by carbon (57.5%) and oxygen (41%), confirming the organic nature of the fibers. The material exhibited strong absorption in the mid- to high-frequency range (500–4000 Hz), with α = 0.99 at 4000 Hz and a maximum NRC of 0.89 at 50 g. Optimal performance occurred at 40–50 g, with α 0.95 between 500 and 2000 Hz, while low-frequency absorption (250 Hz) remained limited (α = 0.1–0.6). Overall, oil palm frond fiber demonstrates significant potential as a low-cost, biodegradable, and sustainable acoustic material for medium- to high-frequency applications, such as interior acoustic panels and building insulation systems.
The effect of electromagnet variation in the fuel line on engine performance and exhaust gas emissions Swastika, Indra; Humami, Faris
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7225

Abstract

Improving combustion efficiency and reducing exhaust emissions remain key challenges in motorcycle engine development. This study experimentally evaluates the performance of an electromagnetic device using rubber and iron core materials, applied to both carburetor-based and fuel injection 125 cc motorcycle engines. The electromagnet was installed along the fuel line to enhance fuel ionization before combustion. The tests were conducted to measure engine power, torque, and exhaust emissions under both configurations. The results show that the electromagnet with an iron core significantly improved engine performance. In the carburetor system, power increased by 0.391 HP, from 9.929 HP to 10.320 HP with the torque reached 10.042 Nm. In the injection system, power rose to 9.894 HP and torque increased by 0.449 Nm to 10.234 Nm. Emission analysis revealed notable reductions of CO levels to 3.09% and HC to 1655 ppm in the carburetor engine, while in the injection engine, CO dropped to 1.32% and HC to 356 ppm. The electromagnet has the potential to be an effective solution in improving performance and reducing emissions. By helping ionize molecules before combustion led to improving fuel-air mixing which in turn increases engine performance and reduces emissions.
Evaluation of mechanical and ballistic properties of abaca–polyester composites as a candidate material for bulletproof vests Arif, Zainal; Adlie, Taufan Arif; Yakob, Iskandar; Widodo, Syamsul Bahri; Suheri, Suheri; Ritonga, Abriandi Sahputera; Sariyusda, Sariyusda
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7769

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the mechanical and ballistic properties of abaca (Musa textilis) fiber–reinforced polyester (BQTN 157) composites as an alternative candidate material for bulletproof vest panels. Variations in fiber orientation (bias-woven fiber, straight-woven fiber, and straight fiber) and fiber mass fractions (10%, 20%, and 30%) were applied to evaluate their influence on tensile strength, impact toughness, and ballistic response. The tensile test results revealed that the straight fiber alignment at a 10% mass fraction exhibited the best tensile strength of 54.12 MPa, strain of 0.021 mm/mm, the toughness of 43.90 kJ/m2, and an elastic modulus of 2577 MPa. In the impact test, the same configuration achieved the maximum absorbed energy of 2.70 J. The ballistic testing with 9 mm FMJ projectiles (NIJ Level IIIA) demonstrated that all specimens with thicknesses of 15 mm and 20 mm experienced full penetration. The dominant failure mechanisms included delamination, fiber pull-out, matrix fracture, and shear plugging. These findings indicate that although abaca fiber composites possess good mechanical performance and sustainability advantages, further material engineering strategies—such as hybridization with synthetic fibers or the addition of ceramic/metallic layers—are required to enhance their ballistic resistance. Abaca–polyester composites require hybridization with synthetic fibers or additional protective layers to be viable for ballistic applications.
Hybrid spot welding-epoxy bonding of AISI 1008 steel: Shear and nugget analysis Setyawan, Paryanto Dwi; Hakiki, Irfan; Sugiman, Sugiman; Salman, Salman; Sinarep, Sinarep; Maulana, Andi
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7487

Abstract

The growing demand for lightweight, high-performance structures in transportation and manufacturing has intensified research on hybrid weld-bonding as a joining method that synergizes the metallurgical strength of resistance spot welding (RSW) with the stress-damping capability of adhesives. However, the interaction between welding parameters, adhesive type, and adhesive thickness and their collective influence on nugget microstructure and joint integrity remains poorly understood. This study addresses these gaps through a systematic parametric investigation of hybrid spot weld–epoxy joints in AISI 1008 steel. Three commercial epoxy adhesives (Araldite 5 min, Araldite 90 min, and Devcon 90 min) were applied at thicknesses of 0.2, 0.6, and 1.0 mm under a fixed RSW schedule (50 A, 10 s), followed by a secondary factorial test varying welding current (50-80 A) and time (10-20 s) for Araldite 5 min at 0.6 mm. Mechanical performance was evaluated via lap shear testing, while fracture morphology and nugget chemistry were analyzed using optical microscopy, SEM, and EDX. Results revealed an optimal configuration at 60 A and 10 s with 0.6 mm Araldite 5 min adhesive, achieving the highest shear strength (~5.74 kN). Strength exhibited a non-monotonic dependence on adhesive thickness, indicating coupled thermo-mechanical effects of polymer decomposition and stress redistribution. Fractographic analysis showed transitions from interfacial to cohesive failure modes with increasing adhesive thickness, while excessive welding energy induced HAZ softening and porosity. The study advances mechanistic understanding by correlating adhesive curing kinetics and thermal degradation with nugget evolution and joint mechanics. These findings provide both scientific insight and practical guidance for optimizing hybrid joining parameters in thin-gauge steel structures.
Development of an embedded coolant system incorporat-ing minimum quantity lubrication for CNC milling applications Hendrawan, Yogi Muldani; Pratama, Andri; Ihsyani, Taufik Abdul Karim; Ruswandi, Ruswandi; Harja, Herman Budi
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7073

Abstract

Machinery applications often generate excessive heat due to friction between cutting tools and work-piece materials. To mitigate heat and friction, the use of coolant is necessary in machining operations. Wet coolant systems risk environmental and health concerns because of their consumption rates and chemical content whose  waste requires recycling, a process that consumes additional energy and contributes to increased carbon emissions. As a sustainable alternative, the Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) method supplies a fine mist of lubricant in minimal volumes, thereby reducing waste while enhancing machining performance. This study aims to develop an Embedded Coolant System (ECS) based on the MQL method for CNC milling machines, ensuring both ease of integration and effective cooling performance. The ECS was designed with a simplified open-loop controller using an Arduino Mega 2560, a peristaltic pump, and air-pressure control to regulate the coolant mist. Initial calibration was conducted to establish the coolant flow-rate equation as a function of motor speed. Experimental validation was carried out using aluminum and ST-37 steel with HSS and carbide tools, comparing conventional air-pressure cooling (APC) and the proposed MQL-ECS. The results demonstrate that the MQL-ECS significantly reduces machining temperatures and improves surface roughness compared with APC. For aluminum, the average temperature decreased by up to 3% from 30.3 oC, while surface roughness improved by 31% from 1.1µm. For ST-37, the temperature decreased by 5.5% from 31.1 oC, and surface roughness improved by 72.74% from 5.96 µm. These findings confirm both the effectiveness and environmental benefits of the proposed system, providing a feasible solution for modern CNC operations.
Identifying key parameters affecting the mechanical properties of 3D-printed ABS materials Rizki, Muhammad Nuzan; Putra, Reza; Durmuş, Alpaslan; Isra, Muhammad
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i5.7664

Abstract

Advances in additive manufacturing (AM) technology have opened up opportunities for the rapid and precise production of complex components, including those used in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) structures. However, ABS material prints often exhibit variations in quality due to the influence of various interacting process parameters. This study aims to analyze the influence of four parameters: infill pattern, layer thickness, print speed, and chamber temperature on two important mechanical properties: ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation. The Taguchi method with an experimental design using an orthogonal array L9(3⁴) was applied to minimize the number of trials without sacrificing important information. The tensile test data were analyzed using the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the infill pattern was the most dominant parameter, contributing 80.78% to UTS and 73.16% to elongation. Chamber temperature has a significant effect on elongation (19.78%), as it enhances interlayer bonding through temperature control in the printing chamber. Layer thickness contributes moderately to UTS (10.01%), while print speed has the smallest effect on both responses. These findings emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate combination of parameters to consistently improve ABS print quality and serve as a foundation for developing process standards based on experimental data.

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