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Edi Kurniawan
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LPPM Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat Jl. Syeh Burhanuddin No.1, Korong Tiram, Ulakan Tapakis, Padang Pariaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia 25572
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Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Published by Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat
ISSN : 27211703     EISSN : 28094727     DOI : https://10.70031
Core Subject : Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Engineering
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari ISSN: 2809-4727 (Electornic) is a peer-reviewed scientific and open access journal published by Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat. The journal is dedicated to disseminating the conceptual thoughts, ideas, and research results that have been achieved in the area of maritime. It brings together papers on the different topics that concern the maritime industry. It provides the latest findings and analyses. Emphasis is placed on the port, shipping business, logistics, ship electrical technology, ship operation technology, ship machining technology, shipping information and communication technology, marine environment, maritime HR development, shipping safety, and shipboard levels.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Kelautan
Articles 115 Documents
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Cargo Hold Failure in Meeting the Hospital Clean Standard after Discharging Dirty Cargo and before Loading Grain Cargo on Board MV Bel Air Dirgantoro, Andika Rivaldi; Purnama, Chanra; Lumban Batu, Purnama NF
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.124

Abstract

This study was initiated due to the MV Bel Air’s failure to achieve the hospital clean standard of cargo hold cleanliness when shifting from loading dirty cargo (coal) to grain cargo (sunflower meal and barley). Two main problems were identified, including the presence of coal stain on the bulkhead, side shell, and topside of cargo hold number 7, and coal residue in the bilges of cargo hold number 1. These issues led to loading delays and demurrage claims. The objective of this study was to investigate the root causes of the cleaning failure and to develop a cleaning strategy that met the required standard. This study utilized a qualitative approach, using data collection techniques such as direct observation and documentation. The data were analyzed by using root cause analysis to identify the contributing factors behind the cargo hold’s failure to meet the hospital clean standard. The findings revealed that the failure was influenced by two key factors. First, the inconsistency between the actual cleaning practices and the standard operation procedures, and the limited availability of cleaning agent along with inadequate equipment. Recommended corrective actions to address these problems included providing training on cleaning procedures, conducting toolbox meeting before cleaning activities, recruiting experienced crew members for cleaning operation, optimizing procurement and inventory management of cleaning equipment, and implementing regular preventive maintenance for cleaning equipment.
Kajian Implementasi Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan (ISM Code) dalam Upaya Mencegah Kecelakaan Pelayaran di Indonesia: Tinjauan Literatur Fitriah, Rifkah; Fadjri, Tarisha Ananda
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.163

Abstract

This study aims to examine the implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code as a strategy for reducing maritime accidents in Indonesia, using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework. The review covers publications from 2020–2025, including international and national journal articles, government reports, and official IMO documents. The findings indicate that, although the ISM Code has been formally adopted in Indonesia, its implementation continues to face significant challenges, such as limited crew training, weak supervision, inadequate procedural understanding, and insufficient commitment to a safety culture. Thematic analysis highlights four key areas of focus: compliance with safety standards and regulations, operational safety of ships, the development of safety culture within shipping companies, and the use of digital technologies in safety management. The study concludes that the ISM Code makes a positive contribution to preventing maritime accidents; however, its effectiveness relies on managerial support, improved human resource competence, and consistent auditing. Strategic recommendations include enhancing training programs, ensuring regular vessel maintenance, conducting continuous audits, and fostering a strong safety culture. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for policymakers, shipping companies, and scholars in strengthening maritime safety in Indonesia.
Implentasi Manajemen Waktu Dan Kehidupan Berasrama Terhadap Kedisiplian Taruna Dalam Dinas Jaga ALBana, Muhammad Hasan
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.165

Abstract

This study was motivated by the importance of discipline among cadets while performing guard duty in a maritime vocational education environment, where time management and dormitory conditions are considered dominant factors influencing disciplinary behavior. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the extent to which time management and dormitory conditions contribute to the level of discipline among cadets while performing guard duty at the West Sumatra Maritime Polytechnic. This study uses an explanatory method with a quantitative approach. All cadets were included in the population, while sampling was conducted randomly to obtain 100 respondents. The main data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression, accompanied by validity and reliability tests, F-tests, t-tests, and coefficient of determination analysis. The findings show that time management has a positive and significant effect on cadet discipline, with a regression coefficient of 0.195 and a significance of 0.035. In addition, the dormitory environment also has a significant positive effect, with a regression coefficient of 0.241 and a significance of 0.000. The F test results show a significance of 0.000, indicating that both independent variables simultaneously affect cadet discipline. The adjusted R² value of 0.971 indicates that 97% of the variation in cadet discipline is explained by these two factors, while the remaining 3% is influenced by other factors outside the model. The practical implication is that strengthening time management training and dormitory guidance is very important in shaping cadet discipline.
Need Analysis of Maritime English for Cadet on Board at Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati Manurung, Fitria Ramadhani; Yuli Pera Fitria
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.166

Abstract

this study is to examine cadets' maritime English demands during onboard training in order to improve English for Specific Purposes (ESP) instruction in maritime higher education. Given the global character of the shipping sector, efficient communication in English is critical to guaranteeing safety, operating efficiency, and compliance with international legislation. Despite past English education, many cadets struggle to use English in real-world shipboard circumstances, particularly technical paperwork, emergency communication, and conversational encounters with multinational personnel. Data were obtained using a qualitative descriptive method, with cadets, lecturers, and ship mentors participating via surveys, interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis. According to the findings, cadets must improve their listening, speaking, and reading abilities in order to perform well in real-world marine environments. The study also shows a disparity between present classroom training and the genuine linguistic requirements seen at sea. The study advises that Maritime English courses be changed to include task-based learning, simulated techniques, and realistic materials that represent aboard operations. The study helps to establish a needs-based English for Specific Purposes (ESP) framework that better prepares cadets for the communication demands of their future maritime jobs.
Implementasi Regulasi International dalam Operasional Transportasi Laut: Studi Pustaka tentang IMO (International Maritime Organization) dan Dampaknya bagi Indonesia Raden, Alpin
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.168

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas implementasi regulasi internasional yang dikeluarkan oleh International Maritime Organization (IMO) serta dampaknya bagi Indonesia, dengan fokus pada MARPOL Annex VI (IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap) dan Ballast Water Management Convention (BWM). Indonesia, sebagai negara kepulauan dan jalur pelayaran internasional yang strategis, menghadapi tantangan besar untuk menyelaraskan komitmen global dengan keterbatasan domestik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dengan menelaah jurnal akademik, laporan organisasi internasional, serta kebijakan nasional dalam kurun sepuluh tahun terakhir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap di Indonesia masih terbatas. Armada internasional diwajibkan menggunakan bahan bakar rendah sulfur, namun armada domestik dikecualikan karena keterbatasan pasokan LSFO dan biaya tinggi untuk retrofit maupun fuel switching. Hal serupa terjadi dalam implementasi BWM. Meskipun Indonesia telah meratifikasi BWM sejak 2015, fasilitas pengolahan ballast water di pelabuhan masih terbatas, sementara penelitian empiris menemukan keberadaan bakteri patogen berbahaya. Selain itu, rendahnya pemahaman awak kapal serta minimnya jumlah inspektur memperparah kesenjangan implementasi.Analisis lebih jauh menegaskan bahwa masalah utama terletak pada keterbatasan infrastruktur, biaya kepatuhan, serta kapasitas kelembagaan. Namun, tren global menuju green shipping dan peluang kolaborasi internasional membuka ruang bagi Indonesia untuk memperkuat daya saing. Dengan kebijakan terintegrasi, insentif ekonomi, serta peningkatan kapasitas SDM, regulasi IMO dapat menjadi momentum transformasi menuju industri pelayaran nasional yang berkelanjutan.
Analisis Faktor - Faktor Hambatan Agent dalam Pembuatan Dokumen Port Clearance dan PHQC Karantina yang di Ageni Oleh PT. ITL Shipping Agency insani, risky akbar; Siska, Syafni Yelvi
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.169

Abstract

This study seeks to examine the factors impeding agents in the preparation of Port Clearance and Port Health Quarantine Certificate (PHQC) documents at PT. ITL Shipping Agency. A qualitative case study methodology was utilized, incorporating observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results identify two primary categories of obstacles: internal and external. Internal challenges encompass limited technical proficiency in document preparation and verification, insufficient command of maritime English, and inadequate digital literacy in operating information technology systems. External impediments include substandard office facilities, lack of essential equipment such as laptops, printers, and modems, unstable internet connectivity, expired vessel certificates, unpredictable cargo handling schedules, and adverse weather conditions. These factors contribute to delays in document issuance, diminished operational efficiency, and potential administrative risks for the company. To address these issues, the study advocates capacity building through regular training programs, provision of standardized and modern work equipment, optimization of internet access, and implementation of a cloud-based digital document management system. Through these strategic interventions, agents are anticipated to perform with greater professionalism, accuracy, and efficiency, thereby improving the quality and competitiveness of shipping agency services in the international domain.
Analisis Pustaka: Hubungan Logistik, Energi, dan Kebijakan Maritim Razan, Naufal
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.170

Abstract

Transportasi laut memegang peran vital dalam distribusi batubara yang masih menjadi sumber energi dominan bagi Indonesia, dengan kontribusi lebih dari 60% terhadap pasokan listrik nasional melalui PLTU. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keterkaitan transportasi laut batubara dengan aspek logistik, energi, dan kebijakan maritim secara integratif. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan protokol PRISMA, mencakup tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, kelayakan, dan inklusi. Dari 500 artikel yang ditelusuri melalui basis data Scopus, Sinta, dan publikasi pemerintah, sebanyak 50 artikel terbitan 2015–2023 dipilih dan dianalisis lebih lanjut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kendala logistik utama meliputi keterbatasan kapasitas pelabuhan, usia armada yang relatif tua, serta biaya distribusi yang tinggi. Dari sisi energi, distribusi batubara melalui laut memiliki implikasi langsung terhadap cadangan nasional dan stabilitas harga listrik, sehingga setiap gangguan distribusi dapat mengancam ketahanan energi. Dari sisi kebijakan, program domestik seperti Tol Laut dan Green Port serta regulasi internasional seperti IMO 2020 telah memberikan arah positif, namun implementasinya masih belum optimal dan kurang terintegrasi lintas sektor. Novelty penelitian ini terletak pada pendekatan lintas dimensi yang menggabungkan logistik, energi, dan kebijakan maritim dalam satu kerangka analisis, berbeda dari penelitian sebelumnya yang cenderung sektoral. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi akademis berupa sintesis baru serta rekomendasi praktis bagi pemerintah dan industri dalam merumuskan strategi transportasi laut batubara yang efisien, berkelanjutan, dan adaptif terhadap dinamika transisi energi global.
Efektivitas Penerapan Konvensi MARPOL dalam Menekan Pencemaran Lingkungan Laut Salsabila, Alifa; Nugraha, Markus Asta Patma
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.171

Abstract

The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is a global legal instrument that plays a central role in protecting the marine environment from the impacts of shipping operations. This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of MARPOL implementation both globally and in Indonesia, taking into account institutional, technological, and maritime economic dimensions. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach supported by secondary data derived from official International Maritime Organization (IMO) documents, Tokyo Memorandum of Understanding (Tokyo MoU) annual reports, scholarly publications, and Indonesian government reports covering the period 2015–2025. The findings indicate that, at the global level, MARPOL has been effective in curbing marine pollution through strengthened monitoring systems, adoption of environmentally friendly shipping technologies, and incentive mechanisms for the maritime industry. Advanced economies such as Japan, the Republic of Korea, and several European states have achieved high levels of compliance owing to cross-sectoral policies and robust financial support. In contrast, MARPOL implementation in Indonesia remains constrained by weak law enforcement, inadequate port reception facilities, and the high costs associated with adopting low-emission technologies. Major obstacles include limited port infrastructure, insufficient crew training on ship waste management, and low environmental awareness within the shipping sector. To optimize MARPOL implementation, the study recommends strategies to strengthen institutional capacity, provide incentives for green technologies, and enhance international cooperation. With these measures, the effectiveness of MARPOL in reducing marine pollution in Indonesia is expected to improve substantially and sustainably.
Peran Teknologi Pembelajaran Dan Kegiatan Praktik Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Mahasiswa Transportasi Laut Di Sekolah Vokasi Pelayaran Indonesia. Bayan, Zifran Allamahul; Syamsiah, Sitti Syamsiah
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.176

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the impact of educational technology and practical experience on enhancing the competencies of maritime transportation students in Indonesian maritime vocational institutions. A qualitative research method was employed, with data analysis conducted through three main stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the use of educational technologies such as e-learning platforms, simulation software, and blended learning models can strengthen students’ cognitive abilities and improve the overall effectiveness of the learning process. On the other hand, practical experiences, including sea internships and laboratory simulations, play a vital role in developing students’ operational competencies and preparing them mentally for careers in the maritime sector. The integration of educational technology and hands-on learning has been proven to significantly enhance students’ knowledge, skills, and professional ethics. This study highlights the importance of strengthening technological infrastructure, improving the quality of practical training, and providing policy support to produce globally competitive graduates.
Peran Pendidikan Pelayaran dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Keagenan Kapal Nisa, Hanifah Aulia; Diani, Oktrianti
Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Cakrawala Bahari
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70031/jkb.v8i2.184

Abstract

The maritime industry required highly competent human resources to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of ship agency services. Maritime education played a crucial role in equipping prospective ship agents not only with technical knowledge and practical skills, but also with essential non-technical competencies such as communication, leadership, adaptability, and problem-solving abilities. This study aimed to analyze the role of maritime education in improving the performance of ship agency services, particularly in the context of modern challenges such as digitalization, automation, environmental sustainability, and increasingly complex global trade dynamics. The research applied a qualitative method with a literature review approach, examining scientific articles, institutional reports, and empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025. Findings indicated that maritime education contributed significantly to enhancing the professionalism and performance of ship agents through the integration of updated curricula, practical vocational internships, digital literacy programs, and the inclusion of green shipping awareness in learning processes. Moreover, collaboration between educational institutions, government bodies, and maritime industries was identified as a key driver in aligning educational outcomes with market demands. Educational policies that adapted to technological and environmental transitions were proven to increase employability, service quality, and competitiveness of ship agents. In conclusion, strengthening maritime education not only improved the operational effectiveness of ship agencies but also ensured their resilience and relevance in the rapidly evolving global maritime service sector.

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