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Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29644011     DOI : 10.32734
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues (NLR-JoLCI) is a peer-reviewed journal published by Master of Law Study Program, Faculty of Law University of Sumatera Utara. NLR-JoLCI is published two times a year in April and October. All papers submitted to this journal should be written in English or Indonesian. The NLR-JoLCI was first published in November 2013 under the name USU Law Journal. Since 2013 NLR-JoLCI has been published in an printed version and has been published four times a year in January, April, August and November. In February 2022 the name of the USU Law Journal was changed to Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues (NLR-JoLCI). Changes were also made in the frequency of publications to only two times a year, in April and October. The aims of this journal is to provide a venue for academicians, researchers and practitioners for publishing the original research articles or review articles. NLR-JoLCI is available in print and online version.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 47 Documents
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Hak Ulayat Versus Hak Milik: Dinamika, Konflik, dan Resolusi Tambunan, Stephy Anggi Eliza; Tarigan, Gregorian Aldi Montana; Manurung, Annekhne Ditalia Ben-Hardty
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i1.20611

Abstract

Hak ulayat masyarakat adat di Indonesia telah mengalami perubahan signifikan yang dipengaruhi oleh dinamika sosial, politik, dan hukum. Meskipun pengakuan hak ulayat tercantum dalam berbagai undang-undang, seperti Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1960, dan Perubahan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa, masalah terkait pengakuan hukum dan penguasaan tanah adat masih sering memunculkan konflik. Sengketa hak ulayat ini muncul dalam berbagai bentuk, termasuk klaim tumpang tindih antara masyarakat adat, pemerintah, dan perusahaan, serta pengalihan tanah secara ilegal. Konflik juga sering kali disebabkan oleh ketidakjelasan batas tanah ulayat dan konflik internal dalam masyarakat adat. Penyelesaian sengketa melalui jalur musyawarah adat dan peraturan yang lebih inklusif diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah ini. Kasus Sorbatua Siallagan menunjukkan pentingnya pendekatan hukum yang mengutamakan penyelesaian secara perdata dan musyawarah untuk menyelesaikan sengketa hak ulayat, yang bukan hanya melibatkan aspek pidana, tetapi juga hak-hak sosial dan budaya masyarakat adat. Pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang hukum adat dan pendekatan yang lebih adil dapat menjadi solusi untuk memperbaiki perlindungan hak ulayat di Indonesia.
Perlindungan Hukum Pengungsi Rohingya yang Ditolak Masyarakat Aceh Berdasarkan Konvensi Jenewa 1951: Legal Protection for Rohingya Refugees who are rejected by the Aceh Community Based on the 1951 Geneva Convention Sirait, Leonny Rachel Aprillia; Sutiarnoto; Leviza, Jelly
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i2.19536

Abstract

Pada tahun 2023, kedatangan pengungsi Rohingya dalam jumlah besar di Aceh menjadi isu krusial yang menyoroti kompleksitas permasalahan kemanusiaan. Pengungsi ini melarikan diri dari situasi yang tidak kondusif di negara asal mereka untuk mencari perlindungan. Namun, respons yang beragam dari masyarakat lokal di Aceh telah menciptakan hambatan signifikan dalam penyediaan bantuan dan akses terhadap tempat tinggal yang layak bagi mereka. Kondisi ini memperlihatkan adanya ketegangan antara kebutuhan mendesak para pengungsi dan penerimaan di tingkat lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pengungsi Rohingya di Indonesia dalam kerangka hukum internasional dan nasional, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan yang ada. Pendekatan kajian pustaka digunakan untuk menelaah berbagai literatur, dokumen hukum, dan peraturan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memegang prinsip non-refoulement, yaitu tidak mengusir pengungsi kembali ke tempat yang mengancam keselamatan mereka. Dasar hukum perlindungan ini sebagian besar berlandaskan pada Peraturan Presiden Nomor 125 Tahun 2016 tentang Penanganan Pengungsi dari Luar Negeri. Meskipun peraturan ini menjadi landasan formal, implementasinya di lapangan, khususnya di Aceh, masih menghadapi banyak tantangan. Tantangan ini berkaitan dengan koordinasi antar lembaga dan kapasitas pemerintah daerah. Selain itu, peran lembaga pemerintah daerah dan organisasi internasional juga vital dalam memberikan bantuan, meskipun upaya tersebut masih belum mampu mengatasi seluruh masalah secara menyeluruh.
Adaptive Criminal Liability for Persons with Disabilities: A Review of Criminal Reduction and Elimination Policies in the National Criminal Code: PertanggungJawaban Pidana yang Adaptif dalam Reformasi Hukum Nasional: Mengakomodasi Gangguan Mental dalam Hukum Pidana Fazacholil, M. Ghufron; Saefudin, Yusuf
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i2.20658

Abstract

The reformulation of criminal liability in the New Criminal Code through Articles 38 and 39 demonstrates the commitment of the Indonesian criminal law system to accommodate the principle of inclusive justice for persons with mental and/or intellectual disabilities. This article discusses the elimination and reduction of punishment for perpetrators with disabilities from a normative perspective, as well as the challenges of its implementation at the practical level. In the old Criminal Code, Article 44 only provides general criminal exemptions without procedural clarity and alternative measures. The 2023 Criminal Code, which will enter into force in 2026, changes this approach by distinguishing between offenders who are still able to understand the consequences of their actions (subject to punishment with reduction or alternative measures) and offenders who are in an acute state and unable to understand (subject to measures without punishment). This article uses a normative juridical approach and is supported by limited empirical juridical analysis to examine the effectiveness and challenges of this new provision. The results of the study show that Articles 38 and 39 have shifted the paradigm of punishment from retributive to humanistic, but their implementation still faces obstacles, especially regarding technical guidelines for assessing mental capacity, expert involvement, and potential treatment disparities. Therefore, a lex specialis is needed to support the general provisions so that they can be operationalized effectively, fairly, and non-discriminatively against persons with disabilities in the criminal law process.
Regulating Illicit Enrichment into Indonesia’s Anti-Corruption Legal Reform Regime: Mengatur Pengayaan Tidak Sah ke dalam Reformasi Rezim Hukum AntiKorupsi Indonesia Widiartana, Gregorius
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i2.20794

Abstract

The concept of illicit enrichment refers to a significant increase in a public official’s assets that cannot be reasonably explained in relation to their lawful income. As a legal instrument, illicit enrichment has been adopted in various jurisdictions to complement traditional anti-corruption measures, especially when proving the predicate offenses is difficult due to the sophisticated methods used to conceal corrupt practices. In Indonesia, despite the country’s commitment to combat corruption, the legal framework has yet to formally accommodate the concept of illicit enrichment as a standalone offense. This paper explores the potential of incorporating illicit enrichment into Indonesia’s anti-corruption regime by examining international practices, legal principles, and potential human rights concerns, particularly the presumption of innocence and the burden of proof. The analysis indicates that with proper safeguards, illicit enrichment provisions can be aligned with due process and serve as an effective tool in curbing unexplained wealth accumulation among public officials. The study also highlights the challenges Indonesia may face, including legislative reform, institutional readiness, and the need for public acceptance. Nevertheless, the integration of illicit enrichment into national law is not only a legal necessity but also a moral imperative in strengthening public accountability and restoring public trust. This paper concludes that a balanced and rights-respecting approach to illicit enrichment could significantly enhance the effectiveness of Indonesia’s anti-corruption framework.
Cyber Law Reform from the Perspective of Pancasila: Between Legal Certainty and Social Justice: Reformasi Hukum Siber dari Perspektif Pancasila: antara Kepastian Hukum dan Keadilan Sosial Kurniawan, Itok Dwi
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i2.20797

Abstract

This article explores the reform of cyber law in Indonesia from the perspective of Pancasila, emphasizing the tension between legal certainty and social justice. As information technology evolves rapidly, legal challenges in the digital space become increasingly complex, demanding a legal system that is both adaptive and grounded in national foundational values. In this context, Pancasila serves as a normative paradigm guiding legal reform, ensuring that it does not solely prioritize legal certainty but also guarantees the fair protection of citizens' rights. The article analyses various policies and regulations concerning cyber law and examines the extent to which Pancasila principles are reflected in the legislative and implementation processes. Using a normative and conceptual approach, this study aims to contribute to the development of a cyber law framework that is not only responsive to technological change but also embodies social justice for all Indonesians
Political Economy’s Influence on ASEAN’s Competition Law: A Study on Selected ASEAN Members: Pengaruh Ekonomi Politik terhadap Hukum Persaingan ASEAN: Studi pada Beberapa Anggota ASEAN Tertentu Ramaiah, Angayar Kanni; Hussein, Safinaz Mohd.; Porananond, Ploykaew; Dung, Tran Viet; Sirait, Ningrum Natasya; Amin, Wan Liza
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i2.20845

Abstract

Competition law aims to promote fair market practices and prevent monopolistic behaviour, while political economy explores the relationship between economic systems and political institutions. Together, these disciplines shape the regulatory frameworks that oversee national markets and economic policies, encouraging competition and tackling issues such as inequality and market inefficiencies. In developing countries, the influence of political economy tends to be more significant than in developed nations, which usually benefit from more stable democratic institutions and stronger legal systems. Among ASEAN member states (AMS), there is notable variation in levels of economic development, policies, political structures, and legal frameworks. Consequently, each AMS’s unique political and legal history has influenced its approach to economic management and competition law, leading to distinct priorities and concerns. These political economy factors similarly impact the process of regional competition law integration among ASEAN countries. This paper explores how political economy shaped the enactment and enforcement of competition law in selected AMS: Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Indonesia. It analyses the underlying reasons for their specific reservations, exemptions, and priorities within their competition law. Using qualitative legal research and comparative analysis, the study reviews relevant political economy structures, statutes, regulations, and policies in the chosen AMS to assess their significance and influence on competition law administration. The findings indicate that ASEAN’s regional competition law alignment and integration must recognise each AMS’s broader internal political economy, which is vital for developing competitive markets within ASEAN.
Implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 168/PUU-XXI/2023 terhadap Upah Minimum Sektoral di Sumatera Utara: Implications of Constitutional Court Decision Number 168/PUU-XXI/2023 on Sectoral Minimum Wage in North Sumatra Hasugian, Yoel Edward
Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Neoclassical Legal Review: Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/nlrjolci.v4i2.21323

Abstract

Transformasi hukum ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia mengalami momentum signifikan melalui Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) Nomor 168/PUU- XXI/2023, yang merehabilitasi keberadaan Upah Minimum Sektoral (UMS) pasca UU Cipta Kerja. Putusan ini menjadi krusial khususnya di wilayah industri seperti Sumatera Utara, di mana disparitas upah antar sektor menjadi problem struktural. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi yuridis dan sosial-ekonomi dari putusan tersebut terhadap sistem pengupahan sektoral, dengan menyoroti peran Dewan Pengupahan Daerah sebagai aktor sentral. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif-empiris dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perundang- undangan, serta dikombinasikan dengan data sekunder. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemulihan peran Dewan Pengupahan dalam penetapan UMS melalui mekanisme tripartit tidak hanya memperkuat legitimasi kebijakan pengupahan, tetapi juga membuka ruang keadilan distributif dalam struktur ekonomi lokal. Implikasi dari hasil ini memperlihatkan perlunya penguatan kelembagaan pengupahan dan regulasi turunan yang konsisten dengan semangat putusan MK. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan evaluasi berkala terhadap efektivitas kebijakan UMS serta perlunya standardisasi metodologi penentuan upah berbasis sektor di tingkat daerah.

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