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Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases
Published by Universitas dr. Soebandi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30325447     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36858/jmid.v1i2
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases is a scientific journal with the scope of research conducted by lecturers, practitioners, and students. The purpose of publishing this journal is to accommodate scientific writings that have the substance of research activities, which are the downstream results of research carried out based on an analysis of the needs of the community for scientific and technological contributions in the fields of Parasitology, Bacteriology, Virology, Hematology, Clinical Chemistry, Immunology, Molecular Biology, Cytohistotechnology, Micology, Clinical Toxicology, and Degenerative Diseases.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Teknologi Laboratorium Medis
Articles 30 Documents
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Evaluation of Liver Function Through SGOT and SGPT Quantification in Rats Administered Polyethylene Terephthalate Microplastics Diana Nadhifah; Hartalina Mufidah; Ahdiah Imroatul Muflihah
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v3i1.29

Abstract

Background: Microplastics, as emerging environmental pollutants, can accumulate in target organs such as the liver and induce hepatotoxicity through oxidative stress mechanisms. Purpose: To determine the effect of PET microplastic exposure at various doses on liver transaminase enzyme levels (SGOT and SGPT) in white rats. Methods: This experimental study used 25 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 8–10 weeks, divided into five groups (n=5 per group): control (distilled water), P1 (0.4 mg/day), P2 (0.6 mg/day), P3 (0.8 mg/day), and P4 (1.0 mg/day) of orally administered PET microplastics for 28 days. SGOT and SGPT levels were measured using spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Tukey-HSD or Bonferroni post hoc tests (α=0.05). Results: The SGPT level in the control group (61.48 ± 7.50 U/L) significantly increased to 114.40 ± 7.71 U/L (P1), 132.22 ± 18.41 U/L (P2), 191.78 ± 16.42 U/L (P3), and 227.26 ± 12.23 U/L (P4). The SGOT level in the control group (78.64 ± 9.48 U/L) significantly increased to 188.46 ± 2.55 U/L (P1), 195.10 ± 5.75 U/L (P2), 238.90 ± 41.34 U/L (P3), and 310.74 ± 26.66 U/L (P4). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among groups (p < 0.05). The higher the PET microplastic dose, the higher the SGOT and SGPT levels observed. Conclusions: ET microplastic exposure induces hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by dose-dependent increases in SGOT and SGPT levels.
Antibacterial Activity of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seed Ethanol Extract against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Diabetic Ulcers Diah Putri Aprilia; Hartalina Mufidah; Anas Fadli Wijaya
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v3i1.30

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that causes infections and is pathogenic to humans. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) seed extract contains various bioactive compounds, including tocopherols, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids such as carpaine, and enzymes such as papain and lysozyme, which are known for their potential antimicrobial effects. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of papaya seed ethanol extract against S. aureus isolated from the foot ulcers of diabetic patients. Methods: An experimental quantitative study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of papaya seed ethanol extract at concentrations of 40%, 60%, and 80%. The extracts were prepared using the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. Antibacterial activity was assessed by measuring the inhibition zones formed against S. aureus. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc test to determine statistical significance. Results: The papaya seed extract exhibited concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The mean inhibition zones were 0.00 mm at 40%, 15.07 mm at 60%, and 18.83 mm at 80%, whereas the positive control produced an inhibition zone of 46.36 mm. Conclusions: Papaya seed ethanol extract demonstrated antibacterial activity against S. aureus isolated from diabetic foot ulcers, with the strongest inhibition observed at the 80% concentration.
Effects of Various Mung Bean Decoction Doses on Hematological Profile in Anemic Wistar Rats Nabila Dwi Ayu Pratiwi; Hartalina Mufidah; Ahdiah Imroatul Muflihah
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v3i1.32

Abstract

Background: Anemia remains a significant global public health problem, with iron deficiency being the primary cause. Mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) are nutritionally rich plants containing iron and glycine, which are essential for hemoglobin synthesis and red blood cell formation Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various doses of mung bean decoction on hematological profile improvement in anemic Wistar rats induced with sodium nitrite (NaNO₂). Methods: An experimental study was conducted from June to August 2024 involving 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups: healthy control (aquadest), negative control (NaNO₂), and three treatment groups receiving NaNO₂ followed by mung bean decoction at doses of 0.2 ml, 0.4 ml, and 0.8 ml respectively. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment for hemoglobin level assessment. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and One-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey tests. Results: The One-way ANOVA test showed highly significant differences in hemoglobin level changes between groups (p < 0.0001). The 0.2 ml dose group exhibited the highest hemoglobin increase from 8.12 g/dl to 17.70 g/dl (p = 0.0002), followed by the 0.4 ml dose group with an increase from 7.32 g/dl to 16.08 g/dl (p < 0.0001), and the 0.8 ml dose group with an increase from 6.40 g/dl to 14.16 g/dl (p = 0.0005). Conclusions: Mung bean decoction effectively improved hemoglobin levels in anemic Wistar rats, with the 0.2 ml dose demonstrating the most pronounced therapeutic effect.
Identification of Candida albicans in the Urine of Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women with UTI at X Hospital, Jember Melia Pratiwi; Hartalina Mufidah; Ahdiah Imroatul Muflihah; Rian Anggia Destiawan
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v3i1.33

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common condition in older women, but adolescents can also experience them. This condition can lead to other conditions, such as cancer and urinary tract stones. Candida albicans infection is one cause of UTIs, which is highly prevalent in both pregnant and non-pregnant women. This is due, in part, to hormonal influences. Purpose: This study aimed to knowing the difference in the growth of Candida albicans fungus in the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant women suffering from urinary tract infections. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with 30 urine samples from pregnant women and 30 urine samples from non-pregnant women with urinary tract infections. The study was conducted from March to May 2025. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data obtained were processed using SPSS chi-square test. If the chi-square test requirements were not met, decision-making was based on the fisher's exact test value. Results: Positive results for Candida albicans in the urine of UTI in pregnant women were 13 samples and 3 negative samples, while in non-pregnant women, 9 positive samples and 1 negative sample were obtained. UTI did not have a significant effect on the growth of Candida albicans because the statistical analysis of the chi-square test obtained a p-value of 0.370, where the p-value is greater than 0.05. Conclusions: There was no difference in the growth of Candida albicans fungus in the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant women with UTI.
Effectiveness Of Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Extract Against Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) Mortality Dini Athira; Rian Anggia Destiawan; Ahdiah Imroatul Muflihah
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v3i1.42

Abstract

Background: Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are parasites that suck human blood. The disease caused by head lice is called Pediculosis which still occurs in densely populated areas such as Islamic boarding schools. The compounds contained in bilimbung wuluh fruit such as saponins and flavonoids are believed to help kill head lice. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of star fruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) on the mortality of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis). Methods: The method in this research is experimental with a Post Only Control Group research design. This study used 384 head lice samples with each group of 16 head lice samples sprayed with star fruit extract with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. As well as using the gold standard anti-head lice drug Peditox and negative control in the form of sterile distilled water. Results: The results of this study indicate that star fruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) is effective in killing head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) at concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40% within 30 minutes. However, at a concentration of 10% it is not effective in killing head lice. The Kruskal Wallis test showed that there was an effect of starfruit extract on head lice mortality with a significant value of 0.001 p-value ≤0.05. In the Maan-Whitney U follow-up test, it was found that there were differences in the test groups with a significant value of ≤0.05. However, in the 10% extract test group and the negative control group, there was no significant difference in values ≥0.05. Conclusions: Star fruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) is the most effective for killing head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) within 30 minutes, namely a concentration of 40%.
The Comparison Exstracts Of Sambiloto Leaves and roots (Andrographis paniculata) On the Mortality Of Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) Ayu Ferra Dwi Lestari; Ayu Tri Agustin; Ahdiah Imroatul Muflihah
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v4i1.44

Abstract

Abstract Background: The head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis is an ectoparasite that causes pediculosis capitis, a condition that remains prevalent in densely populated areas such as Islamic boarding schools. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is known as a traditional medicinal plant containing bioactive compounds—specifically secondary metabolites—that exhibit natural insecticidal activity. Methods: This study used an experimental study design with a Post Only Control group design. The study was conducted in May-June 2025 at the integrated laboratory of Universitas dr. Soebandi, Jember. This study used lice samples obtained from the X Islamic boarding school in Tempurejo village, Jember Regency, as many as 240 lice samples divided into 6 treatment groups. Purposive sampling was used to select the study participants, from whom the head lice specimens were collected. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and statistical methods. Results: The result of this study indicate that the extract of sambiloto leaves and roots on the death of head lice there is a significant difference (p<0.05). The result of the Dunn test analysis identified six significant comparisons, namely negative control – positive control (0.000), negative control – root 40% (0.029), negative control – root 50% (0.031), leaf 40% - positive control (0.002), and leaf 50% - positive control (0.006). The results of this tudyy obtained the death of head lice in the 50% leaf treatment reached 5, while the highest death of head lice was found in the 50% root. Conclusions: The most effective extract sambiloto leaves and roots (Andrographis paniculata) killing head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) is 50% of the roots within 45 minutes.
The Role of microRNA in the Regulation of BST-2 (bone marrow stromal antigen-2) Gene Expresion Robi Akollo; Vernando Yanry Lameky Lameky; Sahrir Sillehu
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v4i1.47

Abstract

Background: MicroRNA (miRNA) is a non-coding RNA molecule that plays an important role in the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression and is involved in various biological processes, including immune responses and disease development. MicroRNAs are involved in the regulation of various genes, one of which is Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2 (BST-2). Purpose: This study aims to examine the role of microRNA in regulating BST-2 gene expression. Methods: This study used a scoping review approach to examine the role of microRNA in the regulation of BST-2 gene expression. Research articles were obtained from the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, with publication years ranging from 2015 to 2025, and were selected using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: The results of the review show that several microRNAs, namely miR-129-5p, miR-760, miR-155, and miR-451a, act as negative regulators of BST-2 gene expression. MicroRNAs can bind to BST-2 mRNA, inhibiting translation and thereby reducing the production of BST-2 protein. The role of microRNA in regulating BST-2 has been identified in clinical various conditions, particularly cancer. Conclusions: microRNAs play a role in the regulation of BST-2 gene expression and have the potential to be developed as therapeutic targets or biomarkers in diseases associated with BST-2 dysregulation.
Formulation and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Paper Soap Containing Acalypha wilkesiana Muell. Arg. Leaf Extract Against Escherichia coli Rike Septianingrum; Lina Winarti; Nafisah Isnawati
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v4i1.51

Abstract

Background: One of the effective ways to maintain a healthy body is to maintain hand hygiene. Keeping your hands clean can be done by washing your hands with soap. One of the development of soap products is paper soap using the active ingredient of akalifa leaf plant extract (Acalypha wilkesiana Muell. Arg) which contains secondary metabolites including flavonoids, tanins, saponins, and alkaloids. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to formulate paper soap of akalifa leaves (Acalypha wilkesiana Muell. Arg) with an extract concentration of 5%, 7%, 9% and tested antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli. Methods: This research method is laboratory experiment by formulating evaluation and testing of antibacterial activity of paper soap preparations. Results:  The results of the research on phytochemical screening of akalifa leaf extract positively contain tanin compounds, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Paper soap formulations made with variations of 5% (F1), 7% (F2), and 9% (F3) akalifa leaf extract. It shows pH values of 8.34 ± 0.15 (F1), 9.04 ± 0.11 (F2), and 9.01 ± 0.09 (F3) so that it meets the requirements of SNI (pH 4-10). Testing the height of the foam with values of 73.0 mm ± 0.26 (F1), 76.3 mm ± 0.15 (F2), and 78.6 mm ± 0.20 (F3) so that it meets the requirements of SNI 13-220 mm. The test of washing time with values of 18.35 seconds ± 0.16 (F1), 19.08 seconds ± 0.18 (F2), and 18.99 seconds ± 0.14 (F3) met the criteria, namely (15-292 seconds). The moisture content test with values of 0.24% ± 0.05 (F1), 0.09% ± 0.03 (F2), and 0.18% ± 0.02 (F3) met the criteria because (<15%). The results of the antibacterial activity test of akalifa leaf extract paper soap had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli with F1 having an inhibition zone of 4.15 mm ± 0.87, F2 6.39 mm ± 1.22, F3 8.79 mm ± 1.25, positive control 18.31 mm ± 2.24, and negative control 0 mm. Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that akalifa leaf extract is positive for containing secondary metabolite compounds, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Evaluation of the physical quality of paper soap obtained results that met the requirements in accordance with Indonesia's National Standards. In the results of antibacterial activity, there is an increased.
Profile of Antihypertensive Therapy Use in Patients with Ischemic Stroke at a Type C Hospital Jember Regency Nanda Yulita Sari; Nafisah Isnawati
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v4i1.52

Abstract

Abstract Background: Ischemic stroke is a condition resulting from obstructed blood flow to the brain, with hypertension serving as a comorbid risk factor. Controlling hypertension in ischemic stroke patients is a crucial aspect of management for preventing clinical deterioration and supporting the recovery process. Therefore, a study on the antihypertensive medication usage profile in ischemic stroke patients is necessary to serve as a basis for evaluating and improving the quality of therapy provided. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the profile of antihypertensive drug use among ischemic stroke patients at a Type C hospital in Jember Regency. Methods: This study employed a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach, utilizing medical record data from ischemic stroke patients undergoing antihypertensive therapy at a Type C hospital in Jember Regency. The study sample consisted of 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The variables examined included patient characteristics and patterns of antihypertensive therapy use. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, and the results are presented as frequency distributions and percentages. Results: The majority of patients were male (84%) and fell within the 56–59 age group (36.7%). The most frequently used class of antihypertensive drugs was Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs); specifically, candesartan 8 mg was used in 13 patients (43.3%) and valsartan 80 mg in 8 patients (26.7%). Within the Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) class, amlodipine 10 mg was used in 13 patients (43.3%). Additionally, diuretic usage included furosemide 20 mg in 9 patients (30.0%) and spironolactone 100 mg in 8 patients (26.7%), while ramipril 5 mg—representing the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) class—was used in 9 patients (30.0%). Conclusions: The most commonly used antihypertensive drugs for ischemic stroke patients at the Type C hospital in Jember Regency belonged to the ARB and CCB classes.
Molecular Docking of Bioactive Compounds from Gynura procumbens Against HMG-CoA Reductase as Potential Anticholesterol Agents Iftinan Syifa Dzulfiqar; Canakya Niti Sastra; Tsalisah Rahmaniyyah Arifin; Winda Sastika; Lindawati Setyaningrum; Asa Falahi; Anies Rohman Dwijayanti; Mohammad Rofik Usman
Journal of Medical Laboratory in Infectious and Degenerative Diseases Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Juni
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/jmid.v4i1.53

Abstract

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Statins, which inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, are widely used to lower cholesterol levels; however, their use may cause adverse effects, including myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Therefore, the discovery of natural HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors has attracted considerable attention. Gynura procumbens contains various secondary metabolites that are potentially associated with antihypercholesterolemic activity. Purpose: This study aimed to predict the potential of bioactive compounds from Gynura procumbens as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors using an in silico molecular docking approach. Methods: A total of 58 compounds identified by LC-MS were initially screened using Lipinski's Rule of Five and ADMET prediction. Five compounds that fulfilled the selection criteria were subjected to molecular docking against HMG-CoA reductase (PDB ID: 3CCW) using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6. Protein–ligand interactions were visualized using Discovery Studio Visualizer and Molegro Molecular Viewer. The docking protocol was validated by re-docking the native ligand and evaluating the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD). Results: The docking protocol was successfully validated with an RMSD value of 1.48 Å using a grid box centered at (-15.927, 8.300, 44.720). Among the five selected compounds, malic acid exhibited the highest binding affinity, with a binding free energy (ΔG) of −3.81 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant (Ki) of 1.60 mM, which was the closest to that of the positive control, pravastatin. Furthermore, malic acid shared one hydrogen bond with residue ALA751 and six hydrophobic interactions with LEU853, LYS735, HIS752, LEU857, ASN755, and GLU559, indicating a binding interaction pattern similar to that of pravastatin. Conclusions: Based on the insilico analysis, malic acid was identified as the most promising bioactive compound from Gynura procumbens for inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase among the tested compounds. However, its binding affinity remained lower than that of the native ligand and pravastatin. Therefore, its biological activity should be further validated through in vitro and in vivo studies before it can be considered a potential antihypercholesterolemic agent

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