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Contact Name
EM. Sutrisna
Contact Email
Em.sutrisna@ums.ac.id
Phone
+6285721199006
Journal Mail Official
restu.febriantura@ums.id
Editorial Address
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Kampus IV, Jl.A.Yani Tromol Pos I, Pabelan, Kartasura Surakarta. Telp (0271) 716844 Fax. (0271)717670
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Kota surakarta,
Jawa tengah
INDONESIA
Biomedika
ISSN : 20858345     EISSN : 25412582     DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.23917/biomedika
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biomedika is one of the efforts of the Faculty of Medicine of University Muhammadiyah Surakarta to improve the academic atmosphere, as a publication of research results from lecturers and students. The existence of Biomedika is expected to enhance the activity and quality of research in medical and health fields as well as a reflection of the academic atmosphere. Biomedika is co-managed by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta and Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Articles 51 Documents
ANALISIS PENGARUH JENIS KELAMIN DAN KEDALAMAN BILIK MATA DEPAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN GLAUKOMA AKUT Sahilah Ermawati Nasikun; Ridho Thjan
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.2292

Abstract

ABSTRACT Glaucoma is an eye disorder that can cause blindness. The incidence of glaucoma can be related to various risk factors, one of which is female gender. This is possibly because the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye in women is shallower than in men. Based on this, this study aims to analyze the influence of gender and anterior chamber depth on the incidence of acute glaucoma. The research design was cross sectional analytical observational and used a purposive sampling technique from patient medical record data at RS X Surakarta. The research sample was 120 who met the restriction criteria. The results of this study showed that acute glaucoma patients were predominantly female, although this was not statistically significant (53%; p>0.001), and the acute glaucoma group mostly had an anterior chamber depth of <3mm (p<0.001). It can be concluded that the depth of the anterior chamber influences the incidence of acute glaucoma, while gender does not.   ABSTRAK Glaukoma merupakan salah satu kelainan pada mata yang dapat mengakibatkan kebutaan. Kejadian glaukoma dapat dihubungkan dengan berbagai faktor risiko salah satunya jenis kelamin Perempuan. Hal ini kemungkinan karena sudut bilik mata depan perempuan lebih dangkal dibanding laki-laki. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, studi ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh jenis kelamin dan kedalaman bilik mata depan terhadap kejadian glaukoma akut. Desain penelitian ini observasional analitik cross sectional dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dari data rekam medis pasien RS X Surakarta. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 120 yang memenuhi kriteria retriksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien glaukoma akut didominasi perempuan meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik (53%; p>0,001), dan kelompok glaukoma akut sebagian besar memiliki kedalaman bilik mata depan <3mm (p<0,001). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedalaman bilik mata depan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian glaukoma akut, sedangkan jenis kelamin tidak.
Detection Of Bordetella Pertussis the Cause of Whooping Cough: A Narrative Review Adiyaksa, Jongga; Tjampakasari, Conny Riana
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.2799

Abstract

Bordetella Perussis transmits pertussis disease, known as whooping cough, through airborne secretions from the respiratory tract. The bacteria then attach to the epithelial cilia of the respiratory tract of other hosts. One of the main virulence factors produced by Bordetella pertussis is pertussis toxin (PTx) which in its inactivated form is the main component of all acellular pertussis vaccines. In addition, PTx also activates several receptors and can affect various signaling pathways independent of ADP ribosylation and adenylate cyclase. PTx has been used in many research fields due to its strong ADP-ribosylation properties. To detect PTx Bordetella pertussis can use diagnostic tests such as serology test. Aim of this literary study is to determine the types of examinations for the detection of Bordetella pertussis. This study used a narrative review method sourced from searches on PubMed and ScienceDirect. The results of this search showed various types of Bordetella pertussis detection, including detection by culture, serology, and PCR. In conclusion, culture is still recommended to assess vaccine efficacy and future vaccine development, serological tests are one of the main diagnostic procedures in cases of unvaccinated adolescents and adults using specific B. pertussis proteins as antigens, in the presence of increased IgA or IgG titers against the toxin pertussis (PT) and filamentous hemmagglutinin (FHA). PCR as a diagnostic tool for pertussis in neonates and children.
HUBUNGAN KECUKUPAN VITAMIN D DENGAN SATURASI OKSIGEN PADA PASIEN COVID-19 Fitra Aslami Ghifari; Amelya Augusthina Ayusari; Risalina Myrtha; Dwi Rahayu
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3275

Abstract

ABSTRACT Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is a global health problem with rapid transmission and variable prognosis. Oxygen saturation is an indicator for assessing the prognosis of COVID-19 infection. Viral infections are related to the immune system because they are self-limiting diseases. Vitamin D is considered able to improve the immune system through several pathways. There are differences in research results regarding vitamin D and respiratory tract infections. This study aims to determine the relationship between vitamin D adequacy and oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients at X Surakarta Hospital. This research was an observational analysis with a cross-sectional design on 32 patients who had been treated for COVID-19 at RS X Surakarta. Data on oxygen saturation and vitamin D management were taken from medical records, while food consumption data was completed by filling in a formulary food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data analysis used the Chi-Square test (α=0.05). The research results showed that there was no significant relationship (p=0.055) between vitamin D adequacy and oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients (p>0.05). The conclusion of this study was no relation between vitamin D adequacy and oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients.   ABSTRAK Infeksi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan permasalahan kesehatan global dengan penularan cepat dan prognosis bervariasi. Saturasi oksigen merupakan salah satu indikator untuk menilai prognosis infeksi COVID-19. Infeksi virus berkaitan dengan sistem imun karena bersifat self-limiting disease. Vitamin D dinilai dapat meningkatkan sistem imun melalui beberapa jalur. Terdapat perbedaan hasil penelitian mengenai vitamin D dan infeksi saluran pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecukupan vitamin D dengan saturasi oksigen pasien COVID-19 di RS X Surakarta. Penelitian ini bersifat analisis observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional terhadap 32 pasien yang pernah dirawat COVID-19 di RS X Surakarta. Data saturasi oksigen dan tatalaksana vitamin D diambil dari rekam medis, sedangkan data konsumsi pangan dengan pengisian formular food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,055) antara kecukupan vitamin D dengan saturasi oksigen pada pasien COVID-19 (p>0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa kecukupan vitamin D tidak berhubungan dengan saturasi oksigen pasien COVID-19.
EFEK METFORMIN TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI OTOT RANGKA TIKUS MODEL OBESITAS Merlionarsy Tammuan; David Pakaya; Mohammad Salman; Muhammad Nur Ikhsan Liwang
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3303

Abstract

ABSTRACT Metformin is one of the pharmacological agents used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2). One application of metformin is currently widely used for the treatment of obesity which can cause muscle atrophy. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of metformin in reducing body weight and muscle cell diameter through histology of muscle in obese model rats. This was an experimental-research with posttest only controlled group design with qualitative and quantitative approaches. This study used 15 white male Wistar rats, aged 10-12 weeks, body weight (BW) 200-250 grams. The rats were divided into 3 treatment groups, i.e: normal control (K1), negative control (obesity model/K2), and obesity model plus 250 mg/kgBW metformin therapy (K3). The rats were modified into obesity models by high fat diet (HFD) administration. The BW measurements were conducted periodically. Histopathology of the skeletal muscle ware perform from hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining in 5 randomly selected and non-overlapping visual fields using an Olympus CX23 light microscope with 400× magnification and quantified using ImageJ software. The data were analyzed by GrapPhad Prism 8.0.0 using Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. The results showed that the BW of the K3 group treated with metformin was lower than K1 and K2(p= 0,0049) and the diameter of skeletal muscle cells was higher, but not statistically significant (p=0.2009). In conclusion, metformin has the capacity to decrease body weight and enhance the size of skeletal muscle cells. ABSTRAK Metformin merupakan salah satu agen farmakologis yang digunakan untuk terapi diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Salah satu aplikasi metformin saat ini banyak digunakan untuk terapi obesitas yang dapat menyebabkan atrofi otot. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek metformin dalam menurunkan berat badan (BB) dan diameter sel otot rangka melalui gambaran histologis otot rangka pada tikus model obesitas. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental dengan rancangan posttest only controlled group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 ekor tikus putih galur Wistar jantan, berusia 10-12 minggu, dengan BB 200-250 gram. Tikus dibagi dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol normal (K1), model obesitas (K2), dan model obesitas dengan terapi metformin 250mg/kgBB (K3). Tikus dimodifikasi menjadi model obesitas dengan pemberian high fat diet (HFD). Dilakukan pengukuran BB secara berkala. Gambaran histopatologi otot rangka didapatkan dari pewarnaan hematoksilin eosin (HE) pada 5 lapang pandang yang dipilih secara acak dan tidak tumpang tindih dengan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya Olympus CX23 perbesaran 400×. Hasil gambar dikuantifikasi menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ. Data dianalisis dengan GrapPhad Prism 8.0.0 menggunakan uji non parametrik Kruskal-wallis. Ditemukan berat badan kelompok K3 yang diterapi metformin lebih rendah dari K1 dan K2 (p= 0,0049) dan rerata diameter sel otot rangka lebih tinggi, namun tidak signifikan (p= 0,2009). Disimpulkan bahwa metformin mampu menurunkan BB serta meningkatkan diameter sel otot rangka.
EFFECT OF PRE-NATAL INTERMITTENT MONOTONOUS AND RHYTHMIC AUDITORY EXPOSURES ON BRAINSTEM NUCLEI PLASTICITY OF ONE DAY-OLD CHICK Dodik Nursanto; Isabella Kurnia Liem; Ahmad AuliaJusuf; Deswaty Furqonita
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3306

Abstract

ABSTRACT Environmental auditory exposure in a form of both enrichment and stressor environmental can differently modulate the development of auditory system Prenatal chronic noise exposure caused neurogenesis and neuroplasticity disorders in the brain's auditory pathway resulting in neurocognitive impairment. Meanwhile exposure to prenatal music positively modifies morphological and biochemical developments in the brain's auditory pathway that supports neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. This study aimed to determine the plasticity of brainstem nuclei after exposure to music, noise, and a combination of both. This research used an experimental method using 24 female chicks as subjects. Subjects were obtained from eggs after incubation, which were divided into 4 groups: control, music, noise, and combined noise and music. Brain stem nuclear plasticity was measured by total number of nuclei, neuronal nuclear area, and synaptophysin expression as parameters. Prenatal music exposure significantly increased the total number of neurons, neuronal nuclear area, and synaptophysin expression in brain stem nuclei (p < 0.001), whereas combined and noise exposure significantly decreased these three plasticity parameters (p < 0.001). In conclusion, prenatal music exposure potential to increase neuroplasticity of brainstem nuclei for better neurocognitive function ABSTRAK Paparan pendengaran lingkungan dalam bentuk enrichment dan stresor lingkungan dapat memodulasi perkembangan sistem pendengaran secara berbeda. Paparan kebisingan kronis prenatal menyebabkan gangguan neurogenesis dan neuroplastisitas pada jalur pendengaran otak sehingga mengakibatkan gangguan neurokognitif. Sementara itu, paparan musik prenatal secara positif mengubah perkembangan morfologi dan biokimia pada jalur pendengaran otak yang mendukung neurogenesis dan neuroplastisitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui plastisitas nucleus batang otak setelah paparan musik, kebisingan, dan kombinasi keduanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan 24 ekor anak ayam betina sebagai subjeknya. Subjek diperoleh dari telur setelah diinkubasi, yang terbagi dalam 4 kelompok: kontrol, musik, kebisingan, dan gabungan kebisingan dan musik. Plastisitas nukleus batang otak diukur dengan parameter jumah total nukleus, luas neuronal nuclear area, dan ekpresi synaptophysin. Paparan musik prenatal meningkatkan jumlah total neuron, luas neuronal nuclear area, dan ekspresi synaptophysin di inti batang otak secara signifikan (p< 0,001), sedangkan paparan bising dan kombinasi secara signifikan menurunkan ketiga parameter plastisitas tersebut (p < 0.001). Kesimpulannya, paparan musik prenatal berpotensi meningkatkan neuroplastisitas inti batang otak untuk fungsi neurokognitif yang lebih baik
PENGARUH KADAR D-DIMER, KREATININ SERUM, DAN JUMLAH LIMFOSIT ABSOLUT TERHADAP DERAJAT KEPARAHAN PASIEN COVID-19 KOMORBID CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE Rahmi Annisa Maharani; Evi Nurhyatun; Dhani Redhono Harioputro
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3307

Abstract

ABSTRACT COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease caused by infection SARS-CoV-2. Abnormal kidney function is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. D-dimer levels, serum creatinine, and ALC can be used as markers of inflammation to determine the severity of COVID-19 comorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are not many studies on this subject. This study aims to determine the impact of D-dimer, serum creatinine, and Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) on the severity of COVID-19 comorbid CKD. This study uses an analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach from medical record data. The study population included COVID-19 patients with comorbid CKD at RS X Surakarta, who was examined for D-dimer levels, serum creatinine, and absolute lymphocyte counts, using purposive sampling and sample consisted of 53 patients. Bivariate analysis using Spearman’s Rank test obtained p value of D-dimer, serum creatinine, absolute lymphocyte counts 0,002; 0,042; 0,455. Multivariate analysis using multiple logistics regression showed that D-dimer OR=28,521 and serum creatinine OR=5,650, with a Nagelkerke R Square value of 0,338. There is an impact of D-dimer and serum creatinine levels on the severity of COVID-19 patients with CKD. ABSTRAK COVID-19 adalah penyakit pernapasan menular akibat infeksi virus SARS-CoV-2. Penyakit ginjal merupakan salah satu komorbid terbanyak pasien COVID-19, fungsi ginjal yang tidak normal berhubungan dengan peningkatan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara D-dimer, kreatinin serum, dan jumlah limfosit absolut terhadap derajat keparahan COVID-19 dengan komorbid chronic kidney disease (CKD). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional dari data rekam medis. Populasi penelitian meliputi pasien COVID-19 dengan komorbid CKD di RS X Surakarta yang dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar D-dimer, kreatinin serum, dan jumlah limfosit absolut dengan teknik sampling purposive sampling didapatkan sebanyak 53 sampel. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman dan didapatkan nilai p D-dimer, kreatinin serum, jumlah limfosit absolut dengan keparahan COVID-19 masing-masing 0,002; 0,042; 0,455. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda dan didapatkan nilai OR D-dimer dan kreatinin serum masing-masing 28,521 dan 5,650 dengan nilai Nagelkerke R Square 0,338. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa Kadar D-dimer dan kreatinin serum berpengaruh terhadap derajat keparahan pasien COVID-19 dengan komorbid CKD.
KORELASI MEAN PLATELET VOLUME TERHADAP DERAJAT KEPARAHAN DAN FREKUENSI KEKAMBUHAN PADA PSORIASIS VULGARIS Annisa Fildza Hashfi; Winda Wijayanti; Niluh Wijayanti; Dina Febriani; Nurrachmat Mulianto
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3308

Abstract

ABSTRACT Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that causes various complications if it is not treated properly. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a cheap, fast, and efficient marker for predicting the severity and complications of cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome in psoriasis vulgaris patients. The MPV value is also thought has effects on the frequency of recurrence in psoriasis vulgaris patients. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between MPV and severity using the PASI score and recurrence frequency in psoriasis vulgaris patients. This study used an observational analytic method with a cross sectional. The research respondents were 30 subjects. This study used the Pearson correlation test and the Spearman correlation test. The MPV value had a significant correlation with the disease severity (p= 0,00; r= 0,94) and the recurrence frequency (p= 0,00; r= 0,95) in psoriasis vulgaris patients. We concluded that the increaseased MPV value indicates a higher degree of severity and frequency of recurrence in psoriasis vulgaris patients. ABSTRAK Psoriasis vulgaris merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis sistemik yang menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi apabila tidak mendapatkan terapi yang tepat. Mean platelet volume (MPV) adalah salah satu penanda yang murah, cepat dan efisien untuk memprediksi derajat keparahan dan komplikasi kardiovaskuler serta sindroma metabolik pada pasien psoriasis vulgaris. Nilai MPV juga diduga berpengaruh terhadap derajat keparahan dan frekuensi kekambuhan pada pasien psoriasis vulgaris. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara MPV dengan tingkat keparahan dengan menggunakan skor PASI dan frekuensi kekambuhan pada pasien psoriasis vulgaris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden penelitian berjumlah 30 subjek. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa nilai MPV memiliki korelasi positif yang signifikan dengan derajat keparahan (p= 0,00; r= 0,94) dan frekuensi kekambuhan (p= 0,00; r= 0,95) pada pasien psoriasis vulgaris. Kesimpulannya bahwa peningkatan nilai MPV menunjukkan derajat keparahan dan frekuensi kekambuhan yang semakin tinggi pada pasien psoriasis vulgaris.
CURRENT CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT OF FEMORAL SHAFT FRACTURES Hasmeinda Marindratama; Asep Santoso; Iwan Budiwan Anwar
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3310

Abstract

ABSTRACT Femoral shaft fractures are severe injuries and are often associated with a high impact trauma mechanism, frequently seen in multiple injured patients. In contrast an indirect trauma mechanism can lead to a complex femoral shaft fracture especially in elderly patients with minor bone stock quality. Hence management of femoral shaft fractures is often directed by co-morbidities, additional injuries and the medical condition of the patient. Timing of fracture stabilization is depended on the overall medical condition of the patient, but definite fracture fixation can often be implemented in the early total care concept in management of multiple injured patients. Femoral shaft fractures (FSF) typically occur in a bimodal distribution, high-energy trauma in the young population, and lower energy trauma in the elderly population. FSFs are also associated with other comorbidities necessitating a thorough advanced trauma life support (ATLS) assessment and interdisciplinary care. Intramedullary nailing (IMN) is the most common treatment of physiologically stable patients. The goal of fixation is early healing and long-term functional recovery. Treatment of modern-day femoral shaft fractures results in excellent outcomes. ABSTRAK Fraktur Shaft Femur (FSF) merupakan cedera yang parah dan sering dikaitkan dengan mekanisme trauma high-impact, sering dijumpai pada pasien dengan cedera multipel. Sebaliknya mekanisme trauma tidak langsung dapat menyebabkan FSF yang kompleks terutama pada pasien usia lanjut dengan kualitas cadangan tulang yang minim. Oleh karena itu penatalaksanaan FSF sering disesuaikan dengan penyakit penyerta, cedera tambahan, dan kondisi medis pasien. Waktu dilakukannya stabilisasi fraktur bergantung pada kondisi medis pasien secara keseluruhan, tetapi fiksasi fraktur yang definitif sering kali dapat dilakukan dalam manajemen awal pasien dengan cedera multipel. FSF dapat terjadi pada dua kelompok usia. Pada usia muda, penyebabnya adalah trauma energy tinggi dan pada usia tua penyebabnya adalah trauma energy rendah. FSF juga dikaitkan dengan komorbiditas lain sehingga membutuhkan penilaian Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) secara cermat dan perawatan interdisipliner. Intermedullary Nailing (IM) merupakan tatalaksana yang paling umum dilakukan pada penanganan pasien yang stabil secara fisiologis. Tujuan fiksasi adalah penyembuhan dini dan pemulihan fungsional jangka panjang. Pengobatan FSF masa kini memiliki hasil yang sangat baik.
PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS ANTELMINTIK EKSTRAK JAHE PUTIH BESAR (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) DAN KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.) TERHADAP CACING Ascaris suum SECARA IN VITRO Audrey Jessica Jusran; Evi Ulina M. Situmorang; Rita Dewi Firmasyah; Freggy S. Joprang
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3311

Abstract

ABSTRACT A. lumbricoides infection causes childern death in Indonesia. Treatment of the infection can be done by giving medicine or by using herbal ingredients. Herbal ingredients to eradicate worms could be an option since they have minimal side effects. Ginger (Zingiber Officinale var. Roscoe) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) are known to have anthelmintics properties. This is an experimental research that compares the lethal effect of ginger and turmeric against Ascaris suum based on the concentration and time of exposure. A. suum worm has a morphology and life cycle that resembles A. lumbricoides and A. suum is easier to obtain, so researchers used A. suum as sample. The sample of this research is 5 A.suum adult worms on each group with three repetitions. The extract of ginger and turmeric was obtained by remaceration technique. The samples were divided into four groups on each extract, control group (NaCl 0,9%), 2%, 4%, and 8% concentration extract, then observed for 48 hours. Both ginger and turmeric lethal effect has a significant difference based on the concentration with p<0,000 to control negative. Post-hoc analysis shows no significant difference on the lethal effect between ginger and turmeric extract. Ginger and turmeric has anthelmintic activity against A.suum that depends on the amount of concentration and the time of exposure. ABSTRAK Infeksi A. lumbricoides pada anak masih menyebabkan kematian di Indonesia. Penanganan dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian obat cacing atau dengan menggunakan bahan herbal. Bahan herbal dapat menjadi pilihan karena efek samping yang minimal. Bahan herbal jahe (Zingiber officinale var. Roscoe) dan kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan yang bersifat antelmintik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang membandingkan konsentrasi dan waktu paparan ekstrak jahe putih besar dan kunyit terhadap kematian cacing. Cacing A. suum memiliki morfologi dan siklus hidup yang menyerupai A. lumbricoides dan A. suum lebih mudah didapatkan, sehingga peneliti menggunakan A. suum sebagai sampel. Sampel penelitian adalah cacing dewasa A. suum sebanyak 5 ekor per uji dengan pengulangan tiga kali. Ekstrak didapatkan dengan teknik remaserasi. Sampel terbagi dalam empat kelompok pada tiap ekstrak, yaitu kelompok kontrol (NaCl 0,9%), esktrak konsentrasi 2%, 4%, dan 8% lalu diamati hingga 48 jam. Hasil analisis efek letal berdasarkan konsentrasi ekstrak, kedua ekstrak jahe putih besar dan kunyit terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,000) dibanding kontrol. Analisa post-hoc untuk membandingkan kedua ekstrak, tidak didapatkan perbedaan efek letal yang signifikan antara kedua ekstrak jahe putih besar dan kunyit. Ekstrak jahe putih besar dan kunyit memiliki aktivitas antelmintik terhadap cacing A. suum yang bergantung pada jumlah konsentrasi dan lama waktu paparan.
PERAN DIAGNOSTIK PLATELET LYMPHOCYTE RATIO PADA PASIEN TERKONFIRMASI POSITIF COVID-19 Raden Muhammad Bagus Muliawan; Linda Rosita
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3312

Abstract

ABSTRACT Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease which was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in early 2020. Up to this date, the diagnosis of COVID-19 has been relying on the gold standard, namely RT-PCR which requires a fee relatively expensive and time consuming. Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is thought be a hematological biomarker that help health workers in determining the diagnosis of patients suffering from COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of PLR as a method for diagnosing COVID-19. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study approach. This study used secondary data using a sampling method in the form of consecutive sampling on medical record data of suspected COVID-19 patients stored at Soedirman General Hospital, Kebumen. Data were then analyzed using univariate and diagnostic test. There were 154 patient medical record data that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Diagnostic test analysis using the ROC curve and 2x2 table obtained an optimal PLR cut-off of 142.5 with a sensitivity of 62%, a specificity of 58%, a positive predictive value of 92%, a negative predictive value of 16%, likelihood ratio + 1.50, likelihood ratio - 0.64, and area under curve 0.583. The conclusion of this study was PLR cannot be used as a diagnostic for COVID-19 ABSTRAK Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit yang dideklarasikan sebagai pandemi global oleh World Health Organization (WHO) pada awal tahun 2020. Diagnosis COVID-19 hingga saat ini bertumpu pada gold standart yakni RT-PCR yang membutuhkan biaya relatif mahal dan waktu yang cukup lama. Platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) diduga dapat sebagai biomarker hematologi yang dapat membantu tenaga kesehatan dalam penentuan diagnosis pasien menderita COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performa PLR sebagai metode diagnosis COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan metode consecutive sampling dari rekam medis pasien suspek COVID-19 di RS X Kebumen. Data kemudian dianalisis univariat dan dilakukan uji diagnostik. Didapatkan sebanyak 154 data pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis uji diagnostik menggunakan kurva ROC dan tabel 2x2 didapatkan cut-off optimal PLR sebesar 142,5 dengan sensitivitas 62%, spesifisitas 58%, positive predictive value (PPV) 92%, negative predictive value (NPV) 16%, likelihood ratio + 1.50, likelihood ratio - 0.64, dan area under curve 0,583. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa PLR belum bisa digunakan sebagai diagnostik COVID-19