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Biomedika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 20858345     EISSN : 25412582     DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.23917/biomedika
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Biomedika is one of the efforts of the Faculty of Medicine of University Muhammadiyah Surakarta to improve the academic atmosphere, as a publication of research results from lecturers and students. The existence of Biomedika is expected to enhance the activity and quality of research in medical and health fields as well as a reflection of the academic atmosphere. Biomedika is co-managed by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta and Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) in Supratentorial Meningioma Undergoing Craniotomy Tumour Removal : A Case Report Herman, Awanda; Hidayat, Nopian; Anggraeni, Novita; Ananda, Pratama
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.6390

Abstract

Meningiomas are tumours that grow inside the head cavity or intra-cranial tumours, The incidence of intra-cranial tumours in patients of all ages is approximately 4.2 - 5.4 /100,000. The brain uses 20% of the body's total oxygen. The brain uses most of its oxygen consumption (60%) to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which supports the electrical activity of neurons. In cranitomy tumour removal, it is expected that good oxygen supply and oxygen consumption by the brain are reduced by reducing electrical activity in the brain with the aim of relaxing the brain, Selection of 4 intravenous anaesthetic agents in craniotomy tumour removal in this patient in the form of Tiopental, Fentanyl, Rocuronium and Dexmedetomidine because the use of these agents is the best in reducing cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) so as to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) which appears in this case stable hemodynamics and adequate depth of anaesthesia during surgery.
Effect of Leaves and Stems Extract of Ciplukan (Physalis Angulata L.) on The Severity of Steatosis in Wistar Rat Liver Induced by Egg Yolk and Propylthiouracil Nugraha, Adi; Handayani, Ety Sari; Adyaksa, Dewa Nyoman Murti; Pramaningtyas, Miranti Dewi
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.2339

Abstract

The increasing habit of consuming high-fat foods and a sedentary lifestyle increases the incidence of hepatic steatosis. There are currently no approved medical drugs to prevent and treat steatosis. The leaves and stems of the ciplukan plant (Physalis Angulata (L.)) are rich in flavonoid compounds and phenolic acids which have preventive and curative effects on steatosis. This research aimed to determine the impact of ciplukan leaves and stems extract on the severity of steatosis in the liver of Wistar rats induced by egg yolk and propylthiouracil. This research consisted of four groups: first group induced by egg yolk and propylthiouracil for six weeks (n=7), second group induced egg yolk and propylthiouracil plus simvastatin 0.18 mg/200 gBW for six weeks (n=7), third group induced by egg yolk and propylthiouracil plus ciplukan extract 400 mg/kgBW for six weeks (n=7), fourth group induced by egg yolk and propylthiouracil plus ciplukan extract 800 mg/kgBW for six weeks (n=7). The severity of steatosis was determined based on histopathological observations by an anatomical pathology specialist. The first group had four preparations with moderate degree of steatosis. The second group had three preparations with moderate degree of steatosis. The third group had two preparations with moderate degree of steatosis. The fourth group had two preparations with moderate degree of steatosis. The statistical test results showed no significant difference in severity between the treatment groups (p=0.692). The administration of ciplukan leaves and stems extract can prevent a decrease in high-density lipoprotein levels in Wistar rats induced by egg yolk and propylthiouracil. However, no significant influence was found on the severity of hepatic steatosis.
Correlation Between Anxiety, Diabetes-Related Distress, and Depression with Blood Glucose Outcomes of DM Type 2 Patients at Bhayangkara Sukanto Hospital in 2024 Soeroso, Ratih Meireva; Febrian, Siti Nurwulan
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.5537

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that can cause psychological distress such as anxiety, diabetes-related distress, and depression. This research is a retrospective non-experimental descriptive study that aims to analyze correlation between psychological distress and blood glucose outcome in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at the internal medicine Bhayangkara Hospital in 2024. Of the 128 patients who met the criteria, the most patients were aged under 60 years (64.1%), the majority were female (61.7%), and the common drug use was oral medication (68%). The level of anxiety based on the GAD 7 scale was at a minimum level (47.7%). The highest level of difficulty for patients based on Diabetes Distress Screening Scale (DDS17) was at a high level of difficulty (50.8%). And the highest level of depression based on a PHQ 9 score was at the minimum level (43.8%). The results of the study, that there was a significant relationship between diabetes medication with blood glucose outcome in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients (P-Value <0.05). It can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between psychological distress and blood glucose outcome in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at the internal medicine Bhayangkara Hospital in 2024.
Comorbid Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension Are Associated with Istithaah Status in Hajj Pilgrims Boy, Elman; Khoiriyah, Nadia; Aulia, Muhammad Budi; Ginting, Azzura Sufina; Saragih, Muhammad Raka Zaelani; Khairunisa, Sukma
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.6509

Abstract

Hajj pilgrim health istithaah is empowering the congregation's health through quantifiable physical and mental assessments so that the congregation can carry out their worship by Islamic religious guidance. Indonesian Hajj pilgrims are generally elderly and have a high risk of health problems. Common health problems like hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This study objective to analyze the impact of comorbid diabetes mellitus and hypertension on the health status of Hajj pilgrims. Cross-sectional observational analysis was employed in this study. The subjects used simple random sampling and the number of respondents was 289. Data analysis used statistical analysis tests using SPSS. Univariate and bivariate analyses are used in the data analysis. The results of the bivariate analysis between comorbid diabetes mellitus and istithaah status using Chi-Square test showed that p=0.04 (p<0.05) and Spearman Correlation test showed that p=0.01 (p<0.05). The results of the bivariate analysis between comorbid hypertension and istithaah status using Chi-Square test showed that p=0.01 (p<0.05) and Spearman Correlation test showed that p=0.01 (p<0.05). There is a significant relationship between comorbidities of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with istithaah status among prospective Hajj pilgrims embarking in Medan City, North Sumatra Province in 2024
Ovarian Fibrothecoma: A Residual Malignant Case Wulandari, Ratri; Trirahmanto, Addin; Kusumanto, Ardhanu
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.6668

Abstract

Ovarian fibrothecomas, sex cord-stromal tumors consisting of theca-like elements and fibrous tissue, are solid tumors of the ovary, accounting for 1–4.7% of all ovarian tumors. If the tumors cannot be differentiated between fibroma and thecoma, they are categorized as fibrothecoma. These solid tumors are common, but their malignant type is extraordinarily rare. Here we present a residual malignant ovarian fibrothecoma in a 67-year-old woman. This patient complained of abdominal mass, she previously had laparotomy four times and two series of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin within 19 years. Despite these, she currently has a residual disease measuring 13.5 x 11.6 x10.8 cm. In this case report, we will discuss the management of malignant fibrothecoma based on the available literature
Potential of Natural Larvicide Microemulsion Based on Pomegranate Peel Extract (Punica granatum L) against Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever Vectors Wahyuni, Sri; Aisyah, Riandini; Bestari, Rochmadina Suci; Ryanuranti , Rahma Ghaida; Anggreheni, Putri Dwi
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.6696

Abstract

Background: Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, is a significant global health problem. Controlling the Aedes aegypti vector is key in efforts to reduce the spread of this disease. However, the use of chemical larvicides in vector control has raised concerns regarding environmental impacts and mosquito resistance. Therefore, research related to the development of natural larvicides based on pomegranate peel extract contain flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, steroids, and saponins, in microemulsion form has an urgency to provide a safer and more sustainable alternative. Objective: To determine the larvicidal activity of microemulsion ethanol extract of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) against Aedes Aegypti larvae. Methods: This research uses an experimental study design, post-test only controlled group design. The samples used were Aedes aegypti larvae instar III-IV. There were 12 treatment groups consisting of positive control, negative control, and treatment groups with microemulsion ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of pomegranate peel extract, each with five different concentrations. Results: The probit analysis results indicate that the LC50 (Lethal Concentration for 50% mortality) for the ethanol extract microemulsion of pomegranate peel is 51,607 ppm, while the LC50 for the ethyl acetate fraction microemulsion of pomegranate peel is 52,401 ppm against Aedes aegypti larvae. Conclusion: the probit analysis shows that the ethanol extract microemulsion of pomegranate peel is slightly more effective in killing Aedes aegypti larvae compared to the ethyl acetate fraction microemulsion. These results emphasize the potential of pomegranate peel extracts as natural larvicides, contributing to sustainable and environmentally friendly mosquito control measures.  
Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extract Combination of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) Against Staphylococcus aureus Rahma, Rizka Aulia; Paramita, Ayu Lidya; Akil, Syafarinah Nur Hidayah
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.7033

Abstract

Background: Irrational use of antibiotics can increase the resistance, so it is necessary to find alternative solutions by using herbals that have antibacterial activity, such as garlic which contains allicin, alliin, and sulfide derivatives, and red ginger which contains gingerol, flavonoids, and phenols. For traditional use, garlic and red ginger need to be extracted with aqueous solvents. Objective: Proving the antibacterial activity of the combination of garlic extract (Allium sativum) and red ginger extract (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) with aqueous solvents against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Each garlic extract and red ginger extract were made by the kinetic maceration with aqueous solvents, then mixed in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. Results: The combination of garlic and red ginger extracts has strong antibacterial activity to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The average diameter of the inhibition zone at a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 was 30.40 mm, 24.51 mm, and 37.67 mm, respectively. The ANOVA test showed a P value of 0.000. Conclusion: The combination of garlic extract (Allium sativum) and red ginger extract (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) with aqueous solvent has strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with the strongest combination at a ratio of 2:1.
Correlations of Depression Level with Gender and Family Support Among Elderly with Chronic Diseases Agil Priambodo; Imanuela, Andrea Chalista
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.7037

Abstract

Chronic disease often causes depression in the elderly, especially for women. Elderly need family support to deal with the depression. This study was aimed to analyze whether there was a correlation between family support, gender, and depression levels in the elderly. Utilizing the DASS-21, the family support assessment, and questions about characteristic of respondent, data was obtained which were then analyzed using the Spearman method, with confidence level was 95%. The Spearman’s analysis yielded a correlation coefficient of -0.026, and a Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.817 between depression and family support. Likewise, the correlation coefficient was 0.070, and Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.537 between depression and gender. It can be concluded that there was a weak correlation between the three variables, but it was not statistically significant. Further study is needed to analyze the influence of confounding factors as a predictor model of depression levels in the elderly.
Effect of Lime Juice (Citrus Aurantifolia) on Blood Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine Levels in Wistar Rats Induced by Gentamicin Sufi, Queen Nurul; Mufidah, Hartalina; Muflihah, Ahdiah Imroatul; Hidayati, Sholihatil
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.7163

Abstract

Gentamycin is an antibiotic that has the effect of acute kidney failure. Increased levels of BUN and Creatinine can characterize acute kidney failure. Lime juice (Citrus aurantifolia) contains flavonoid compounds as antioxidants that can regenerate kidney function. This study aims to determine the difference in BUN and Creatinine levels before and after being given lime juice. This study uses an experimental study design with a pretest-postest design. In the model mice, gentamicin was induced at a dose of 60 mg/KgBB for 10 days, and then BUN and creatinine levels were checked. This study was divided into 5 groups, including the negative, healthy, and treatment groups 1, 2, and 3, with a dose of lime juice 0.5 ml/KgBB, 1.0 ml/KgBB, and 1.5 ml/KgBB. The results showed that the average change in BUN levels before and after between groups was significant (sig < 0.05), and the average change in creatinine levels before and after between groups was significant (sig < 0.05). This study concluded that the average decrease in BUN levels in treatment group 3 was significant by 7.9 mg/dl, and the average decrease in creatinine levels in treatment groups 2 and 3 was significant by 0.8 mg/dl.
Concurrent Dengue and Malaria Infection : A Case Series Mahmuda, Iin Novita Nurhidayati; Harioputro , Dhani Redhono; Susilo, R. Satriyo Budhi; Arifin , Arifin; Sumandjar , Tatar
Biomedika Vol 17, No 1 (2025): Biomedika Februari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v17i1.7898

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria and dengue are endemic in Indonesia, and therefore, may result in the possibility of co-infection. Urban demographic expansion, deforestation, and agricultural settlements in peri-urban areas are known causes of the increase in the probability of concurrent infection of these two diseases. It is reasonable to envisage that the occurrence of concurrent infections would not be rare, mainly during outbreaks of dengue in the rainy season. However, due to non-systematic investigation of both diseases, only a few cases of malaria and dengue co-infection have been reported. These three patients demonstrated co-infection manifestations with good outcomes and prognoses. Case Illustrations: Two cases of co-infection of malaria vivax and dengue fever in male patients aged 35 and 43 years. The difference between these two cases is that one patient had experienced a previous episode of malaria with a fever lasting less than 5 days. Meanwhile, one patient who had never suffered from malaria experienced a relatively longer fever episode, up to 14 days. Thrombocytopenia in these two patients was still above 50,000/µL and rose quickly after anti-malarial administration. The third case was a 47-year-old woman with co-infection of malaria falciparum and dengue. This woman lived in Papua and had been infected with malaria before. This third case showed platelet numbers reaching levels as low as 38,000/µL and hypotension without signs of shock in the critical phase of dengue. The three patients did not show complications from other organs due to malaria or dengue and responded well to antimalarials with good outcomes. These patients were treated with a combination of DHP and primaquine, along with supportive care for fever and fluid management. Conclusion: Whenever co-infection is confirmed, we recommend careful monitoring for bleeding and hepatic complications, which may result in a higher chance of severity. Careful and intense monitoring of fluid requirements is necessary to avoid complications of fluid overload.

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