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Biomedika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 20858345     EISSN : 25412582     DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.23917/biomedika
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Biomedika is one of the efforts of the Faculty of Medicine of University Muhammadiyah Surakarta to improve the academic atmosphere, as a publication of research results from lecturers and students. The existence of Biomedika is expected to enhance the activity and quality of research in medical and health fields as well as a reflection of the academic atmosphere. Biomedika is co-managed by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta and Ikatan Dokter Indonesia Kabupaten Sukoharjo.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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PERBEDAAN KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJA DAN BIOMARKER PAPARAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA BENGKEL LAS DAN KANTOR Nendyah Roestijawati; MM Rudi Prihatno; M. Zaenuri Syamsu Hidayat; Yudhi Wibowo; Diah Krisnansari
Biomedika Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Biomedika Agustus 2023
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v15i2.3313

Abstract

ABSTRACT Occupational diseases are caused by the interaction of workers, workload, and work environment factors. This study aims to determine the correlation of worker factors with biomarkers of occupational exposure MT1a, GSTp1, and PSA. The research design used was comparative cross-sectional. The research subjects were 30 welding workers and 30 administrative office employees who were taken by purposive sampling. The variables studied were worker factors such as age and BMI, levels of the enzyme GSTp1, MT1a and PSA. Measurement of GSTp1, MT1a, and PSA in blood was performed using the sandwich ELISA method. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the study found that there were significant differences in age, BMI, and PSA levels in the two groups. There is no differences in GSTp1 and MT1a level between groups. We concluded that the PSA levels of the group of office workers were higher than those of the group of welding workshop workers, perhaps because the average age was older. ABSTRAK Penyakit akibat kerja disebabkan oleh adanya interaksi faktor pekerja, pekerjaan dan lingkungan kerja. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik dan biomarker paparan lingkungan kerja seperti: MT1a, GSTp1 dan PSA antara pekerja bengkel las dan pekerja kantor administrasi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah 30 orang pekerja bengkel las dan 30 orang pekerja kantor administrasi yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Variabel yang diteliti adalah factor pekerja berupa usia dan IMT, kadar enzim GSTp1, MT1a dan PSA. Pengukuran GSTp1, MT1a dan PSA dalam darah dilakukan menggunakan metode ELISA sandwich. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan usia, IMT dan kadar PSA pada kedua kelompok, dan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan kadar GSTp1 dan MT1a antara kelompok. Kesimpulannya bahwa kadar PSA kelompok pekerja kantor lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok pekerja bengkel las, dimungkinkan karena rerata usia yang lebih tua.
Analysis of Perceived Vulnerability Based on the Health Belief Model Theory Toward Exclusive Breastfeeding in Stunting Prevention Efforts Syafitri, Zahara; Fajar, Nur Alam; Munadi, Muhammad Cholil; Ananingsih, Esti Sri; I. Winta, Mulya Virgonita
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.3758

Abstract

Stunting is a major health problem that occurs in children under 5 years of age and prevalent in developing countries for years.  A Toddlers is defined as stunted if the measurement results of the child's body length or height show less than -2 Standard Deviation based on WHO data measurement media. Perception The vulnerability of toddlers suffering from stunting will affect the actions of a mother in making prevention efforts in making prevention efforts. Exclusive breastfeeding is important in the growth and development process that can meet the nutritional needs of children. This study aimed to analyze the perception of vulnerability to exclusive breastfeeding in an effort to prevent stunting. Exclusive breastfeeding in stunting prevention efforts. The research method uses a quantitative research design quantitative research design with a cross sectional approach, the sample studied was as many as 154 mothers of toddlers 6-36 months with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis using Chi-Square test and Logistic Regression Test. The results showed that the independent variables of maternal knowledge and attitude had a significant relationship to the dependent variable of exclusive breastfeeding in an effort to prevent stunting with a p-value of 0.001 and 0.005 (p-value<0.005).  The results of multivariate analysis showed that maternal knowledge and attitude were the dominant factors of perception of maternal vulnerability in exclusive breastfeeding in an effort to prevent stunting (p value <0.000). It can be concluded that maternal knowledge and attitudes have a significant relationship with the action of exclusive breastfeeding in preventing stunting in an effort to prevent stunting.
High Mortality Among Clinically Pneumocytis Pneumonia Infection in Low CD4 HIV Patients: Case Series Nurhidayati Mahmuda, Iin Novita; Harioputro , Dhani Redhono; Susilo , R. Satriyo Budhi; Sumandjar , Tatar; Arifin , Arifin
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.3823

Abstract

Objective: The number of HIV cases in Indonesia reached a peak in 2019 with 50,282 cases dispersed over 407 of 507 districts and cities (or 80%) of the country's provinces. Central Java is the province after DKI Jakarta and East Java which has a mortality of 12.41 and an HIV/AIDS prevalence of 22% of all cases. High mortality in HIV patients influenced by very low CD4 count ≤ 50 cells/mm3. Identification of clinical characteristics, risk factors and causes of death is very important to carry out optimal management of HIV/AIDS for delaying the progression of infection and saving lives. Design and method: We identified three patients with newly diagnosed HIV between January to April, 2023. We provide demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory examination, chest x-ray imaging and final outcome. Results: We presented 3 newly diagnosed HIV patients. They are still young < 40 years old, the majority have BMI < 18.5. Major opportunistic infections are oral candidiasis (100%), Pruritic Popular Eruption (PPE), pulmonary infection due to Tuberculosis, Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and bacterial pneumonia. Hematological alteration dominated by anemia. Increased of transaminase enzyme and hyponatremia are also common. All patients had CD4 count < 20 cells/mm3, only one patient survived. Causes of death were pulmonary infection mainly due to clinical PCP. Conclusion: PCP is one of the fatal opportunistic infections in HIV. It is necessary to be diagnosed as early as possible so that patients can start Anti-Retro Viral (ARV) at an early stage to improve prognosis.
Follow-Up Analysis of Sexual Violence Case in Hospital; Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic Busyra, Busyra; Gizela, Beta Ahlam; Artanti, Martiana Suciningtyas Tri
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.4195

Abstract

Sexual violence may cause numerous health consequences, either short-term or long-term. Therefore, victims need access to healthcare facilities immediately after the incidents and follow-up care to prevent further complications. This study aims to recognize prognostic factors of sexual violence patients, analyze the follow-up visits to the hospital, and analyze how the Covid-19 pandemic affects the patients’ visits. We collected medical records data of sexual violence patients that visited the hospital during 2017-2021. Prognostic factors, comprised of demographic profile and case characteristics, were analyzed with follow-up visits to the hospital. Our subjects were 113, 108 female and five male. Most female patients were aged 14-17 years and were secondary school students, while all male patients were aged 6-13. Most perpetrators were known to the victims while the incident places were mainly at their places. Penetration, anogenital injury, and psychological symptoms were present in most patients. We found that 24 (21.2%) patients appeared in a follow-up visit. We found no difference in patient visits before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, statistical analysis of follow-up visits indicated a significant relationship with the follow-up plan.
Use of a Hotplate at 80°C for 3 minutes to help Fixation of Histological Preparations Burhannudin; Herbyananda, Arnando Daffa
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.3271

Abstract

Fixation is a complex stage and requires a long time. The microwave heating process has been proven to accelerate the fixation rate, but the use of a hotplate in helping the fixation process has yet to be discovered. The study aims to determine the optimal time of 80°C hotplate heating in helping fixation. The study was conducted experimentally using a post-test only control group design. A total of 75 histological slides of hepatic tissue of male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with equal size: control group (conventional/K and microwave/M) and three treatments of 80°C hotplate for 3 minutes (H1), 5 minutes (H2) and 10 minutes (H3). Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining results of all histology slides were morphologically observed and scored based on previous studies. In addition, the staining scores were tested for differences between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, with p values <0.05 being significant. The results of morphological observations of HE stains stated that the median H2 group was worth a score of 3, while the other groups were worth a score of 2. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests showed that the H2 group significantly differed from the control group (p<0.05). This shows that using a hotplate at 80 ° C for 5 minutes can help the fixation process in making histological preparations of rat hepatic tissue.
Overview Of Gluten-Free Casein-Free Diet Application in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Sandy A.K., Risky; Pratiwi, Sari Eka; Ilmiawan, Muhammad In'am
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.3854

Abstract

Background: The theory that gluteomorphin and casomorphin can act as opiate-like peptides has an effect like opiates by binding to specific receptors in the central nervous system, which triggers the implementation of a casein-free gluten-free diet (GFCF). The binding of gluten and casein derivates in these specific receptors leads to increased activity of the endogenous opioid system associated with symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. Objectives: To describe the application of a casein-free gluten-free diet in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Materials and Methods: We conducted this research with cross-sectional design quantitative research using total sampling (38 respondents, all female, mother) in July-August 2021 with a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results: The result revealed that the average age of ASD children is 10.47 years, weight 35.87 kilograms, height 141.45 centimeters, and mostly boys (68%). Most parents (86.8%) didn’t adopt a GFCF diet. FFQ score mostly amounting to >150 (57.9%). Conclusion: ASD children in SLB Autis Kalbar are given foods with gluten and casein with diverse variations enough that children have an FFQ score >150, and their parents didn’t implement GFCF diet.
External Validation of AI-powered GeNose C19 to Diagnose Volatile Organic Compounds in COVID-19 Patients Tested at Udayana University Academic Hospital Purnamasidhi, Cokorda Agung Wahyu; Darwinata, Agus Eka; Utama, I Made Susila; Merati, Ketut Tuti Parwati; Harkitasari, Saktivi; Junior, Darren; Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya; Suteja, Richard Christian
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.3940

Abstract

In search for potential alternatives to RT-PCR, Gadjah Mada University developed GeNose C19 which was deemed to have high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV. The objective of this study is to contribute to the development of GeNose C19 by means of external validation conducted in Udayana University Academic Hospital, Bali. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on adults above 17 years old. Demographic variables, symptoms, vaccination status, GeNose C19 results, and RT-PCR results were measured. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV using respective appropriate formulas and the impact of other variables gathered towards accuracy by means of Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and independent-samples T test. The results showed that the subjects included in this study were 50.8% female and had a mean (IQR) age of 23.0 (21.0-27.5) years old. Only three subjects (2.5%) showed COVID-19-related symptoms such as cough (1.7%), flu (0.8%), fever (0.8%), and headache (0.8%). GeNose C19 yields a sensitivity of 83.1%, a specificity of 73.6%, PPV of 79.4%, and NPV of 78.0%. There were no variables that significantly affect the accuracy of GeNose C19. Further study is still required to validate GeNose C19’s performance in different environmental conditions and multiple different races.
Affinity of Chlorogenic Acid as COVID-19 Antiviral with Molecular Docking Method Bagaskara, Surya; Parisa, Nita; Pasaribu, Rouly Pola; Tamzil, Nia Savitri; Kamaluddin, Muhammad Totong
Biomedika Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Biomedika Februari 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i1.4622

Abstract

Due to the continued presence of and impact of COVID-19 on our modern world, the benefit and necessity of alternative treatment options and effective antiviral compounds is readily apparent. This study seeks to explore the utility of chlorogenic acid as a COVID-19 antiviral. The in-silico experimental study was conducted using a laptop and publicly-available freeware. Key compounds used in this study are the comparative drugs favipiravir (CID 492405), oseltamivir (CID 65028), nafamostat (CID 4413), and spironolactone (CID 5833), to be tested against our subject, chlorogenic acid (CID 1794427). Compunds used in this study were docked with specific target proteins, such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, RdRp, dan 3Clpro, using AutoDock Vina. The visualization of molecular interactions was performed with Discovery Studio v21. Our results showed that chlorogenic acid has one Lipinski’s Rule of Five violation in H-bond Donor parameter. Chlorogenic acid had a higher affinity towards ACE2 and 3CLpro and lower affinity towards TMPRSS2 and RdRp, if compared to competing drugs, with a binding energy of -7.8, -6.9, -7.0, and -7.4 kcal/mol respectively, for ACE2, TMPRSS2, RdRp, and 3CLpro. We conclude that chlorogenic acid shows promise as oral drug candidate based on these results, and that further studies into the realm of molecular dynamics, in-vitro, or in-vivo studies are warranted in order to explore this underutalized compound and possibly bring it to human trials.
Correlation between Total Monocyte, Lymphocyte and Basophil Counts, as well as Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio with Hematocrit as Indicators of Plasma Leakage in Dengue Virus Infection Jamiko, Safari Wahyu; Yulistina, Desita; Ardhana, Regita; Puspitasari, Metana
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.4904

Abstract

Background: Severe dengue virus (DVI) infection is characterized by plasma leakage (PL) due to the release of vasoactive cytokines by immunocytes such as monocytes, lymphocytes, and basophils. The response to Dengue Virus (DENV) also affects the kinetics of monocytes, lymphocytes, and basophils, thus changing the examination results of leukocyte types and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR). MLR has been used as a biomarker and outcome predictor in various diseases but not to predict PL in DVI. Objectives: To see the correlation of monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, and MLR with hematocrit (Hct) which is a PL indicator. Methods: Correlative analytical research with a cross-sectional approach was conducted on 71 pediatric DVI patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Sampangan Hospital, Surakarta, in February- April 2024. The diagnosis of DVI was confirmed by a pediatrician according to WHO 2009 criteria. DVI patients who had a history of allergies, worms, malignancies, and DVI with secondary infections were excluded from the study. Absolute monocyte (AMC), lymphocyte (ALC), and basophil (ABC) count values ​​, as well as MLR and Hct, were obtained from the results of a complete blood examination using a hematology analyzer. The Spearman Rho’s correlation test was used to determine the relationship between variables with values ​​of p<0.05 and r>0.4 considered significant. Results: research obtained AMC=median 313 (IQR 192) mm-3, ALC= median 1225 (IQR 1039) mm-3, ABC=0 mm-3, MLR=0.22 (0.23). The results of the correlation analysis of AMC, ALC, and MLR with Hct are AMC (r=0.01, p=0.918), ALC (r=0.351, p=0.003), and MLR (r=0.41, p<0.001), while the correlation between ABC and Hct could not be done due to no data variation. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between MLR and Hct, but not with AMC, ALC, and ABC and Hct. MLR can potentially predict plasma leakage in patients with dengue virus infection.
The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in First Year Students of The Faculty of Medicine Universitas Pattimura Tuanaya, Syafira Arfani; Angkejaya, Ony W; de Lima, Filda Vionita Irene; Abbas, Mutmainnah; Tamalsir, Dylan; Sulfiana
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.5877

Abstract

An imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body causes a condition called oxidative stress, which can be caused by several factors, one of which is psychological stress. Various studies have shown that medical students tend to experience psychological stress, especially in first year. Psychological stress tends to increase SO conditions due to increased ROS and free radicals in the body. Zinc can reduce ROS and free radicals through several mechanisms. This study aims to determine the effect of zinc supplementation on MDA levels in first year students of the Faculty of Medicine. This study used a true experimental analytic study with pretest-posttest control group design. The sample amounted to 22 people in intervention group and 22 people in control group. This study used TBARS method to measure MDA levels. The results showed a decrease in MDA levels in intervention group (p=0.000), while in the control group there was an increase in MDA levels (p=0.006). In addition, lower MDA levels were found in intervention group compared to control group measured after 10 days (p=0.000). This study concluded that there was an effect of Zinc supplementation on MDA levels in first year students of the Faculty of Medicine, Pattimura University.

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