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M. Afifulloh
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Department of English Literature, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Babel Building I, Integrated Campus of Universitas Bangka Belitung, Balunijuk Village, Merawang Subdistrict, Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia, 33172
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Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Published by Universitas Bangka Belitung
ISSN : 25981803     EISSN : 25812130     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33019/lire
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Art,
Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal published biannually by the English Department, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Indonesia. The journal aims to provide a platform for high-quality research in linguistics, literature, and cultural studies, promoting innovative methodologies and critical perspectives. It covers a wide range of topics, from theoretical linguistics to literary analysis, fostering interdisciplinary insights. Accredited by SINTA 3, the journal is indexed in DOAJ and follows an open-access policy, encouraging global knowledge exchange. Lire Journal adopts a continuous publication model, ensuring timely dissemination of research.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 201 Documents
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THE PREVALENCE OF INTRA-SENTENTIAL SWITCHING IN SEPET MOVIE: REFLECTING MULTILINGUALISM REALITIES IN THE SOCIETY Lastari, Ni Wayan Yuni; Maharani , Putu Devi
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i1.530

Abstract

Code-switching is a common phenomenon now and has also entered the socio-cultural environment. Nowadays, code-switching is used in everyday speech, for instance, when producing a video or giving a formal presentation. The current research discusses language switching within a single sentence, or intra-sentential switching, in Yasmin Ahmad's movie Sepet (2004), which vividly presents Malaysia's multilingual society, including Malay, English, and Cantonese, seamlessly integrated into a single statement. The most frequent type of language switching was intra-sentential, indicating a very high degree of bilingual competence among speakers and the sociocultural reality of flexible identity negotiation in multicultural interaction. This research is focused on the analysis of syntactical units such as words, phrases, clauses, and language functions-for example, referential, expressive, and directive. The data were analysed using descriptive qualitative methods. This study has two objectives:(1) to characterize the syntactic units in the Sepet movie by Yasmin Ahmed, and (2) to examine language functions and matrix language used in the Sepet movie. Data indicate that people frequently communicate in a mix of languages. From the results of this study, it was found that film characters frequently used intra-sentence changes to communicate, and the most frequent language functions applied were referential, expressive, and directive. This reflects how these changes serve as a communicative strategy in cinematic discourse for linking up linguistic theory to real-world multilingual practices.
CONSTRUCTING DIPLOMATIC IDENTITY: A MORPHO-PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF DERIVATIONS IN PRABOWO'S UN SPEECH Fathan, Dio; Giacinta Azzahra; Rosalinah, Yanti
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i1.556

Abstract

This study examines the role of derivational morphology in shaping diplomatic identity in President Prabowo Subianto’s speech at the 80th United Nations General Debate. Despite extensive analysis of political discourse, the pragmatic function of derivational processes in diplomatic communication is still barely investigated. The study addresses this gap by identifying the types and communicative functions of derivational morphemes utilized in speech, elucidating how these forms facilitate Indonesia's diplomatic self-presentation. The research employs a descriptive qualitative methodology to evaluate the official transcript by Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis, concentrating on representation, identity formation, and ideological positioning. The research identified 117 derivational forms, including nominalizations, adjectival derivatives, verbalizations, and prefixations. Nominal derivatives like humanity, prosperity, and equality conceptualize political issues as universal ethical ideals, but adjectival forms such as international, multilateral, and democratic situate Indonesia within global institutional standards. Verbal derivatives such as "strengthen" and "deepen" portray Indonesia as an active and progressive diplomatic entity, while negative prefixes like "injustice" and "irreparable" underscore an evaluative perspective and moral imperative. The study illustrates that derivational morphology serves as a strategic linguistic tool for constructing a principled, cooperative, and engaged diplomatic identity. The results enhance the expanding corpus of morpho-pragmatic and political discourse studies and provide a basis for comparative examinations in various international diplomatic settings.
DECODING SUBTLE DIFFERENCES: THE SEMANTIC AND COLLOCATIONAL PATTERNS OF CLEVER AND INTELLIGENT Larasanti, Fadhilah; Nuriah, Zahroh
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i1.472

Abstract

This study investigates collocational patterns of the words clever and intelligent in English. This study was explored through a qualitative approach. Data from the British National Corpus (BNC) was analyzed using the UCREL Semantic Analysis System (USAS) to identify semantic categories and collocations relationships. The results revealed that clever and intelligent share a high degree of semantic preference similarity, with 16 out of 20 semantic categories overlapping, representing an 80% similarity in meaning domains. However, the remaining four categories were used by only one of the words, which shows that each word also has its own specific areas of use. In addition, from 311 total collocates found in the corpus, only 30 were used by both clever and intelligent. These findings suggest that while clever and intelligent are close synonyms sharing broad semantic preferences, the two are not completely interchangeable.
A MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TERMS USED IN GENSHIN IMPACT COMMUNITY ON HOYOLAB Azeva, Dian Zahira; Wilany, Eka; Siahaan, Safnidar
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019//lire.v10i1.573

Abstract

This study analyzed morphological processes in terms used by the Genshin Impact community on HoYoLAB, where English serves as the lingua franca in communication between players. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data was collected from user posts and comments and analyzed using morphological theory. The results showed that composition is the dominant process, followed by compounding, clipping, initialisms, abbreviations, and derivations, which are primarily used to support efficient communication in online discussions, while borrowings are less common and mainly associated with narrative and tradition-related contexts. This study highlights the role of morphological processes in shaping community-specific terminology and reflects the dynamics of language use in digital gaming communities.
PITUTUR LUHUR–BASED CHARACTER EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL LIFE Suwadi, Suwadi
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i1.592

Abstract

Character education programs often struggle to translate moral ideals into everyday social practice. Pitutur luhur—local moral sayings and guidance—offers culturally grounded resources for shaping students’ social conduct. Objective: This study explores how pitutur luhur values are internalized in school-based character education and how the process relates to students’ social life. Method: Using a qualitative descriptive design, data were collected through classroom and school observations, semi?structured interviews with teachers and students, and document review of lesson plans and school programs. Data were analyzed through iterative reduction, display, and theme development, supported by triangulation and member checking. Findings: Three main pathways supported internalization: (1) integration into classroom learning through contextual discussion and reflection; (2) habituation routines that repeatedly practice respect, responsibility, and cooperation; and (3) teachers’ exemplification as daily models of polite communication and fairness. Participants reported improvements in peer interaction, tolerance, and collaborative problem?solving, although limited instructional time and uneven initial awareness remained constraints. Conclusion: Embedding pitutur luhur in both instruction and school culture can strengthen students’ social life while sustaining local cultural heritage; continued school–family–community collaboration is essential for consistency.
CODE-MIXING AND LANGUAGE ATTITUDES IN JAPANESE CLASSROOMS: EVIDENCE FROM SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MEDAN Nelvita; Ilyas, Fauzan Azizi; Hidayat, M. Fachri; Lubis, Arga
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i1.601

Abstract

This study examines bilingualism and Indonesian–Japanese code-mixing among senior secondary school learners of Japanese in Medan, focusing on how these practices shape classroom learning under limited instructional exposure. This study aims to identify the frequency, types, and functions of code-mixing in classroom interaction, describe students’ language attitudes in terms of pride, loyalty, and norm awareness, and derive pedagogical implications for strengthening sustained Japanese output. A sociolinguistic mixed-methods design was employed, combining a 21-item questionnaire with participant observation and interviews. The sample consisted of 341 students from five schools. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, while qualitative data were used to identify recurrent functional patterns of code-mixing across classroom activities. The findings argue that language pride toward Japanese was relatively high, particularly in polite greetings and in positive perceptions of the language’s future relevance. However, language loyalty in peer interaction remained low, and norm awareness was stronger in pragmatic politeness than in structural accuracy. Code-mixing primarily functioned as a practical resource for classroom management, meaning negotiation, and maintaining task flow. Therefore, we conclude that stronger Japanese output depends less on motivation alone than on instructional conditions that transform positive attitudes into stable speaking routines through structured communicative practice.
ASSERTIVE ILLOCUTIONARY ACT USED BY PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN IN HIS SELECTED SPEECHES Ni Wayan Kesuma Dewi; Ardiantari, Ida Ayu Putri Gita
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature)
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019//lire.v10i1.526

Abstract

This study examines assertive illocutionary acts in President Joe Biden’s political speech using Searle’s (1979) speech act theory as the analytical framework. In political discourse, language functions not only to convey information but also to perform actions such as stating beliefs, presenting claims, and shaping audience understanding. This research focuses on how assertive speech acts are used to express viewpoints, organize ideas, and construct political messages. The data were taken from President Joe Biden’s Farewell Address to the Nation and analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method. A total of 24 assertive utterances were identified and classified into five types: asserting, concluding, describing, claiming, and reporting. Asserting is the most dominant type with 8 occurrences (33.4%), followed by describing and claiming with 5 occurrences each (20.8%). Concluding and reporting each appear 3 times (12.5%). The findings indicate that assertive illocutionary acts are frequently used to present beliefs, explain situations, and evaluate political actions. This study contributes to pragmatic analysis by showing how assertive acts function within an authentic political speech and how they support political communication through structured and purposeful language use.
RECLASSIFYING CHINESE PHRASE STRUCTURES: FROM FORMAL CONFIGURATION TO SEMANTIC RELATIONS Jiaze, Sun; Mulyadi; Lubis, Arga
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature): In Progress
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i2.604

Abstract

The classification of Chinese phrase structures has traditionally been based on formal configuration, especially categories such as subject-predicate, verb-object, and modifier-head constructions. Although this approach is descriptively useful, it does not always explain why phrases with similar forms show different syntactic behavior, or why different forms may perform similar grammatical functions. This study therefore proposes a reclassification of Chinese phrase structures from formal configuration to semantic relations. Using a qualitative corpus-based descriptive design, the study analyzes 800 modern Chinese phrase tokens drawn from dictionaries, literary texts, news discourse, and linguistic studies. The findings show that semantic classification more effectively explains phenomena such as same form, different function, different form, same function, and form-meaning divergence. The study identifies core semantic relations, including agent-action, patient-action, instrument-action, location-action, object-action, restrictive, coordinative, and complementive relations, and demonstrates that these are closely related to sentence-convertibility, collocational compatibility, nominalization tendency, and ambiguity resolution. Through examples such as ???? (réncái ji?oliú), ???? (xuézh? t?olùn), ??? (shài tàiyáng), and ??? (xi? fángzi), the study argues that semantic relations provide a more adequate explanatory basis for Chinese phrase classification. It concludes that formal structure remains an important descriptive layer, while semantic relations offer a more explanatory framework for analysing Chinese phrase structures, especially in cases involving ambiguity, form–meaning divergence, and differences in syntactic behaviour. 
FROM INSECURE ATTACHMENT TO SOCIAL RECONNECTION: DENVER’S HEALING JOURNEY IN TONI MORRISON’S BELOVED Arvinta, Dhea Tri; Margawati, Prayudias
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature): In Progress
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i2.610

Abstract

This article examines how a second-generation daughter character takes a psychological path toward healing the historical trauma she inherited and the severe sense of emotional detachment in a fragmented household. Even though the tragic past of the maternal figure is usually the center of the literature analysis, this work will attempt to alter the interpretive lens toward the dynamics of a daughter overcoming her psychological paralysis. Applying a qualitative literary-critical design, the proposed study will employ a dual-theoretical model of attachment theory and trauma theory to examine the latent narrative nuances. It was done through systematic close reading of particular narrative units, which collected the data based on aspects of spatial symbolism, internal monologues, and the dynamics between characters. The findings reveal two main mechanisms in the character’s storyline. First, her excessive domestic seclusion and psychosomatic withdrawal, namely, two years of deafness and a physical retreat into a secluded natural setting, are diagnosed as the direct result of a broken maternal attachment and deep, insecure attachment. The haunted-house setting is essentially unhelpful as a secure base; it is an inhospitable refuge that reinforces her isolation. Second, the daughter character's definitive recovery is achieved not through internal resilience alone but through an active process of social reconnection. She establishes reparative interpersonal relationships with substitute maternal figures by breaking the spatial boundaries of her isolation and ultimately mobilizing a collective intervention, which allows her to overcome her psychological barriers. The study concludes that resolving intergenerational trauma requires rebuilding social connections to deliberately break entrenched insecure attachment patterns. These findings contribute to Morrison scholarship by demonstrating Denver's agency and offering a replicable dual-theory framework for analyzing trauma recovery in literary texts.
A ROLAND BARTHES SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE CRANBERRIES “ZOMBIE” LYRICS Putri Febriyani , Anisyah; Sri Kuning, Dewi
Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature): In Progress
Publisher : Elite Laboratory Jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/lire.v10i2.599

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the semiotic meanings embedded in the song “Zombie” by The Cranberries using the semiotic framework proposed by Roland Barthes. The study employs a qualitative semiotic approach with a descriptive-interpretative design to examine how meaning is constructed through three levels of signification: denotation, connotation, and myth. The data consist of selected lyric units obtained from the official album No Need to Argue (1994) and verified lyric sources. Data selection was conducted using purposive sampling based on specific criteria, including lexical repetition, symbolic expressions, references to violence and conflict, and linguistic indicators of agency. The analysis was carried out through a systematic procedure involving segmentation, coding (D–C–M), and multi-level interpretation. At the denotative level, the findings indicate that the lyrics explicitly represent violence, suffering, and the impact of armed conflict. At the connotative level, the song conveys deeper emotional and cultural meanings such as trauma, grief, anger, and the loss of humanity. At the level of myth, the analysis reveals how the lyrics construct and simultaneously challenge ideological narratives that normalize violence as an inevitable condition.The findings also demonstrate that linguistic features such as repetition, pronoun usage, and lexical choices function as key semiotic mechanisms in meaning construction. Methodologically, this study contributes by operationalizing Barthes’ semiotic model through a structured and replicable analytical framework. The study highlights that song lyrics function not only as artistic expressions but also as cultural texts that construct and critique ideological meanings.

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