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Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Published by Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia
ISSN : 01259717     EISSN : 23388358     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36457
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences
Focus and Scope Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan is a journal developed to disseminate and discuss the scientific literature and other research on the development of health in the field of food and nutrition. This journal is intended as a medium for communication among stake holders on health research such asresearchers, educators, students, practitioners of Health Office, Department of Health, Public Health Service center, as well as the general public who have an interest in the matter. The journal is trying to meet the growing need to study health. Vision: Becoming a notable national journal in the field of food and nutritions towards a reputable international journal. Mission: Providing scientific communication media in food and nutritions research in order to advance science andtechnology in related fields. Organizes scholarly journal publishing in health research with an attempt to achieve a high impact factorin the development of science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)" : 9 Documents clear
STATUS SOSIAL-EKONOMI DAN KADAR HORMON TIROTROPIN RUMAH-TANGGA PENGGUNA GARAM BERIDOIUM DI PERKOTAAN INDONESIA: ANALISIS DATA RISKESDAS 2007 Djoko Kartono; Whinie Lestari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3185.90-98

Abstract

ABSTRACT Iodized salt is the long term and sustainable strategy to improve iodine intakeof the community.Level of thyroid stimulating hormone (thyrotropin hormone) can be used as indicator of iodine intake adequacy. To study the socio-economic status of households using iodized salt and thyrotropin hormone level in urban areas. Riskesdas data 2007 that include 280.000 households was used.Thyrotropin hormone data include 9.457 people aged above 1 years. Variables included classification of village, rapid test on salt, education and occupation of households’ head, household expenditure and level of thyrotropin hormone. Around 80 percentof households where households’ head graduated from college/university used salt containing sufficient iodine. Only 18 percent households with households’ headworks as government workers used salt containing sufficient iodine. Around 70 percent households in 5th quintile of household’s expenditure were using salt with sufficient iodine content. Around 70 percent households in urban areas were using salt withsufficient iodine content.Among children 1-4 years, percentage of low category of thyrotropin hormon level was 3.3 percentand among 60 years of age and above was 15.8 percent. The higher the educational levelthe higher the percentage of households used salt with sufficient iodine. Percentage of households using salt with sufficient iodine was higher in urban than in rural areas. The higher the quintiles of household expenditures the higher the percentage of households using salt with sufficient iodine. There was a trend that the higher the age the higher the percentage of low category of thyrotropin hormone level. Keywords: householdsalt, education, occupation, urban, rural, expenditure, thyrotropin hormone   ABSTRAK Garam beriodium merupakan strategi jangka panjang dan berkesinambungan untuk memperbaiki asupan iodium masyarakat. Sementara itu, kadar thyroid stimulating hormone (hormon tirotropin) dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kecukupan asupan iodium. Meneliti status sosial-ekonomi rumah-tangga yang menggunakan garam beriodium dan kadar hormon tirotropin di perkotaan.  Data yang digunakan untuk artikel ini adalah data Riskesdas 2007 yang mencakup 280.000 rumah-tangga. Data hormon tirotropin mencakup 9.457 individu umur 1 tahun keatas. Variabel yang digunakan untuk makalah ini meliputi klasifikasi desa, tes cepat pada garam, pendidikan dan pekerjaan kepala keluarga (KK), kadar hormon tirotropin. Sekitar 80 persen rumah-tangga,dimana KK tamat perguruan tinggi, menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium. Hanya 18 persen rumah-tangga yang KK-nya bekerja sebagai pegawai negeri menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium. Sekitar 70 persen rumah-tangga pada kuintil 5 pengeluaran rumah-tangga menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium. Sekitar 70 persen rumah-tangga di perkotaan menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium.Pada umur 1-4 tahun, persentase hormon tirotropin kategori rendah adalah 3,3 persen dan pada umur 60 tahun keatas adalah 15,8 persen.  Semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan kepala rumah-tangga semakin tinggi persentase rumah-tangga yang menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium. Persentase rumah-tangga yang menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium adalah lebih tinggi di perkotaan dibandingkan di perdesaan.Semakin tinggi kuintil pengeluaran rumah-tangga semakin tinggi persentase rumah-tangga yang menggunakan garam mengandung cukup iodium. Ada kecenderungan semakin tinggi umur semakin tinggi persentase kadar tirotropin kategori rendah. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 90-98] Kata kunci: garam rumah-tangga, pendidikan, pekerjaan, perkotaan, perdesaan, pengeluaran, hormon tirotropin
KOMBINASI INDIKATOR STATUS IODIUM PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH UNTUK MENILAI KESERIUSAN GANGGUAN AKIBAT KEKURANGAN IODIUM (COMBINED INDICATOR OF IODINE STATUS AMONG SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN TO ASSESS SEVERITY OF IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS) Mohamad Samsudin; Yuni Rahmawati; Ina Kusrini
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3379.99-109

Abstract

ABSTRACT Iodine in salt fortification program is intended for universal iodized salt in the response to Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD). There are clinical indicators and biological indicators to assess the seriousness of the IDD problem among school-age children (SAC) is volume of the thyroid gland, urinary iodine concentration (UIC) levels, and levels of thyroglobulin (Tg). To assess the seriousness of IDD problem on the basis of the clinical and biological indicators of SAC. The study was conducted in Purbalingga, Pati and Malang Districts. Subjects were 10-12 years of age children. Data collected include UIC levels, Total Goiter Rate (TGR), and serum Tg levels. In Pati Districts: Wedarijaksa Subdistrict: median value of UIC was 150 µg/L; TGR was 28 percent and Tg >50 µg/L was 1 percent. Pucakwangi Subdistric: median value of UIC was 207 µg/L; TGR was 42 percent and Tg level >50 µg/L was 1,8 percent. In Purbalingga District: Karangtengah Subdistrict: median value of UIC was 191 µg/L; TGR was 11 percent and no children with Tg level >50 µg/L. Pengadegan: Subdistrict: median value of UIC was 232 µg/L; TGR was 8 percent and Tg level >50 µg/L was 1 percent. In Malang District: Sumber Manjing Wetan Subdistrict: median value of UIC was 148 µg/L; TGR was 1 percent and Tg level >50 µg/L was 2 percent. Poncokusumo Subdistrict: median value of UIC was 145 µg/L; TGR was 19 percent and no Tg level data. Seriousness of the IDD problem in Pati District: clinically is an area of endemic goiter, but biologically, iodine intake is sufficient. In Purbalingga District: clinically is an area of mild endemic goitre, but biologically, iodine intake is sufficient. In Malang Distrct: clinically is an area of non-endemic goiter and biologically, iodine intake is sufficient. Discrepancy between clinical indicators and biological indicators of iodine is the impact transition because of IDD control. Keywords: combined indicator, iodine status, school-age children, iodine deficiency ABSTRAK Program fortifikasi iodium dalam garam ditujukan untuk iodisasi garam universal dalam upaya penanggulangan masalah gangguan akibat kekurangan iodium (GAKI). Ada indikator klinis dan indikator biologis untuk menilai keseriusan masalah GAKI pada anak usia sekolah (AUS), yakni volume kelenjar tiroid, kadar ekskresi iodium urine (EIU), dan kadar tiroglobulin (Tg). Menilai keseriusan GAKI suatu daerah berdasarkan kombinasi indikator klinis dan biologis AUS. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Purbalingga, Pati dan Malang. Subjek adalah AUS 10-12 tahun. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi kadar EIU, Total Goiter Rate (TGR), dan kadar Tg serum. Di Kabupaten Pati, di Kecamatan Wedarijaksa median EIU 150 µg/L, TGR 28 persen dan Tg >50µg/L 1 persen, sedangkan di Kecamatan Pucakwangi median EIU 207 µg/L, TGR 42 persen dan Tg >50µg/L 1,8 persen. Di Kabupaten Purbalingga, di Kecamatan Karangtengah median EIU 191 µg/L, TGR 11 persen dan Tg >50µg/L 0 persen, sedangkan di Kecamatan Pengadegan median EIU 232 µg/L, TGR 8 persen dan Tg >50µg/L 1 persen. Sementara di Kabupaten Malang, di Kecamatan Sumber Manjing Wetan median EIU 148 µg/L, TGR 1 persen dan Tg >50µg/L 2 persen, sedangkan di Kecamatan Poncokusumo median EIU 145 µg/L, TGR 19 persen dan Tg tidak ada. Keseriusan masalah GAKI di Kabupaten Pati secara klinis merupakan daerah gondok endemik, namun secara biologis, asupan iodiumnya sudah cukup. Kabupaten Purbalingga secara klinis merupakan daerah gondok endemik ringan, tetapi secara biologis, asupan iodiumnya juga sudah cukup. Kabupaten Malang secara klinis merupakan daerah non-endemik gondok dan secara biologis, asupan iodiumnya sudah cukup pula. Ketidaksesuaian antara indikator klinis dan biologis iodium merupakan dampak transisi dari upaya penanggulangan GAKI. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 99-109] Kata kunci: kombinasi indikator, status iodium, anak usia sekolah, kekurangan iodium
PENGEMBANGAN SLOGAN KONSEP ‘GIZI SEIMBANG’ DAN GAMBARNYA (DEVELOPMENT OF SLOGAN AND ITS PICTORIAL FOR THE ‘BALANCED NUTRITION’ CONCEPT) Heryudarini Harahap; Abas Basuni Jahari; Nurfi Afriansyah; Sri Mulyati; Tjetjep syarif Hidayat; Salimar Salimar
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3380.110-118

Abstract

ABSTRACT Since officially released by the Ministry of Health in 1995, the Dietary Guidelines for Indonesians, ‘Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang’ (PUGS)  is less successful to popularize the concept of 'balanced nutrition'. In contrast to the concept of 'Four Healthy Five Perfect’ (Empat Sehat Lima Sempurna), that was fortuitously at once a slogan. To obtain slogan of ‘balanced nutrition’ and their images that are easy to understand, attractive and easy to remember. The study was conducted in Cirebon, Karawang and Sukabumi district. It was a cross-sectional design. A total of seven slogan and four pictorial was developed by communication professional and researcher. Data was collected by in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). As in-depth interview informants were students of the last grade of elementary, middle and high school, adults with education elementary, junior high, high and graduate school. While informants in the FGD were cadres, teachers of elementary, junior high, and high school, as well as nutrition personnels at community health service (TPG) in each selected district. On in-depth interviews, 33 informants chose the slogan of “My Balanced Nutrition, More healthy” and 88 chose the slogan of “Eat Properly - Life Healthy”, while out of 15 FGD group, 11 FGD group chose the slogan of “My Balanced Nutrition, More Healthy”. The pictorial that selected in the FGDs and in-depth interviews are mostly circle. The slogan of “Balanced Nutrition, Healthy Life” with “circle pictorial” that might selected as one of an ‘educational message’ alternative for disseminating the concept of balanced nutrition. Kewords: Balanced nutrition, slogan, pictorial, education messages   ABSTRAK Sejak dikeluarkan secara resmi oleh Departemen Kesehatan tahun 1995, Dietary Guidelines for Indonesians, yakni Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang (PUGS), hingga kini tergolong ‘kurang berhasil’ memasyarakatkan konsep ‘Gizi Seimbang’. Berbeda dengan konsep ‘Empat Sehat Lima Sempurna’ yang kebetulan sudah sekaligus merupakan slogan. Memperoleh slogan dan gambar konsep ‘gizi seimbang’ yang mudah dipahami, mudah diingat dan menarik. Penelitian dengan rancangan potong-lintang ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Cirebon, Karawang dan Sukabumi. Sebanyak tujuh slogan dan empat gambar dikembangkan oleh profesional komunikasi bersama dengan peneliti. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terarah (FGD). Sebagai Informan dalam wawancara mendalam adalah siswa SD, SMP, dan SMA dari kelas terakhir, orang dewasa dengan pendidikan SD, SMP, SMA dan sarjana. Sementara informan dalam FGD diwakili oleh kader posyandu, guru SD, SMP, SMA, dan tenaga pelaksana gizi (TPG) di setiap kabupaten terpilih. Dalam wawancara mendalam, sebanyak 33 informan memilih slogan “Giziku Seimbang – Lebih Sehat” dan 88 memilih “Makan Tepat – Hidup Sehat”, sedangkan hasil FGD dari 15 kelompok FGD, 11 kelompok FGD memilih slogan “Giziku Seimbang – Lebih Sehat”. Sebagian besar gambar yang dipilih dalam FGD dan wawancara mendalam berbentuk bulat. Slogan “Gizi Seimbang – Hidup Sehat” dengan bentuk gambar bulat dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif alat edukasi terpilih dalam memasyarakatkan konsep ‘gizi seimbang’. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 110-118] Kata kunci: gizi seimbang, slogan, gambar, alat edukasi
CUT-OFF POINT INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) DAN LINGKAR PERUT SEBAGAI INDIKATOR RISIKO DIABETES DAN HIPERTENSI PADA ORANG DEWASA DI INDONESIA (CUT-OFF POINT BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND ABDOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE AS INDICATORS OF DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION RISKS AM Agus Triwinarto; Sri Muljati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3381.119-135

Abstract

ABSTRACT Nowadays, Indonesia is facing a double problem of nutrition the high prevalence of malnutrition and also the increasing prevalence of obesity which have a risk for the occurrence of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular and diabetes who will be a risk factor for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. Namely to make cut-off point BMI and abdominal circumference as an indicator of the risk of diabetes and hypertension in Indonesian adults. The data used in this analysis are data from RISKESDAS year 2007, with inclusion criteria age 35-75 years and exclusion criteria pregnant women, consuming diabetes and hypertension medications, with a sample of 8181. Shows that the average increase in abdominal circumference and BMI have occurred in the age group 18-24 years to 45-54 years. The average of Body Mass Index (BMI) in the group of men 22.2 and women at 23.3. Abdominal circumference cut-off point is considered good enough as an indicator of diabetes 80 cm in men (Se 58.0 and Sp 58.5) and 81 cm in women (Se 56.5 and Sp 57.0). Hypertension ranges 79-80 cm (Se 57.2 and Sp 64.5) for men and 80-81 cm in women (Se 62.2 and Sp 57.0). Then, cut-off point BMI, which is considered good enough as an indicator of the occurrence of diabetes in men is 23 (Se 53.5 and Sp 58.3) and in women 24 (Se 56.1 and Sp 54.7). For hypertension ranges between BMI 22-23 in males (Se 62.5 and Sp 63.6) and 23-24 in women (Se 61.9 and Sp 56.9). Abdominal circumference better than BMI when used as an indicator of the risk of diabetes and hypertension. But, abdominal circumference and BMI it doesn’t have enough competence to be diabetes and hypertension indicator.   Keywords:  diabetes, hypertension, IMT, abdominal circumference     ABSTRAK Saat ini Indonesia menghadapi masalah gizi ganda, yaitu selain masih tingginya prevalensi gizi kurang juga meningkatnya prevalensi obesitas yang berisiko terhadap terjadinya penyakit kronis, seperti penyakit kardiovaskular dan diabetes yang akan menjadi faktor risiko jantung koroner dan stroke iskemik. Membuat cut-off point Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dan lingkar perut (LP) sebagai indikator risiko diabetes dan hipertensi pada orang dewasa di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah data hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2007 berjumlah sampel 8181 dengan kriteria inklusi adalah umur 35-75 tahun, sedangkan kriteria eksklusi adalah perempuan hamil, minum obat diabetes dan hipertensi. Kenaikan rata-rata IMT dan LP sudah terjadi pada kelompok umur 18-24 tahun sampai kelompok umur 45-54 tahun. Rata-rata IMT pada kelompok laki-laki 22,2 dan pada kelompok perempuan 23,3. Cut-off point LP yang dianggap cukup baik sebagai indikator risiko diabetes adalah 80 cm pada laki-laki (Se 58,0 dan Sp 58,5) dan 81 cm pada perempuan (Se 56,5 dan Sp 57,0), sedangkan indikator risiko hipertensi berkisar 79-80 cm (Se 57,2 dan Sp 64,5) untuk laki-laki dan sekitar 80-81 cm pada perempuan (Se 62,2 dan Sp 57,0). Cut-off point IMT yang dianggap cukup baik sebagai indikator risiko diabetes adalah 23 pada laki-laki (Se 53,5 dan Sp 58,3) dan 24 pada perempuan (Se 56,1 dan Sp 54,7). Adapun cut-off point IMT yang dianggap cukup baik sebagai indikator risiko hipertensi berkisar 22-23 pada laki-laki (Se 62,5 dan Sp 63,6) dan 23-24 pada perempuan (Se 61,9 dan Sp 56,9). Lingkar perut lebih baik dibandingkan dengan IMT bila digunakan sebagai indikator risiko terjadinya diabetes dan hipertensi. Namun, keduanya tidak cukup andal sebagai indikator untuk diabetes dan hipertensi. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 119-135]   Kata kunci: diabetes, hipertensi, IMT, lingkar perut,
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM REHABILITASI ANAK BALITA KURANG GIZI MELALUI ‘PROGRAM EDUKASI DAN REHABILITASI GIZI’ (PERGIZI) (COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN REHABILITATION OF MALNUTRITION UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN THROUGH THE ‘NUTRITION EDUCATION AND REHABILITATION Yekti Widodo; Sri Muljati; salimar Salimar
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3382.136-149

Abstract

ABSTRACT Improving severe and moderate malnourished children should be implemented in a comprehensive program, as integration, sustainable, public private partnership through community empowerment. To know increase community participation in malnutrition children rehabilitation through Nutrition Education and Rehabilitation Program (PERGIZI). PERGIZI's intervention involves: health dan nutrition education, food supplementation (mothers cooked and gave their children eat together), health examination, medicinal therapy, micronutrient, and community participation. Community participation measured through energy, foodstuff or money contribution and engaged active in planning, management, monitoring, and give solution to performing PERGIZI. Intervention is done with by mother, cadre, and Puskesmas's health staff, up to 24 weeks, with activity frequency as much 30 times. Community participation in PERGIZI's management high enough, appear from present mother, cadre, and society leaders in rural community deliberation to planning activity and makes deal. Community participation up to observable performing in collaboration among mother with cadre and contribution as energy and money from mother. Nutritional status improved target PERGIZI makes a abode can keep despite ‘help’ is discontinued. That thing points out to mark sense mother skill and ability improving in nurses and feed child and empowerment effort begin to give positive result. PERGIZI can help to improving child nutritional status and increases optimalisasi tacling program success malnutrition children. Keywords: PERGIZI, community participation, malnutrition under-five children     ABSTRAK Program penanggulangan anak balita gizi buruk dan gizi kurang harus dilakukan secara terpadu, berkelanjutan, bersinergi, melibatkan lintas program, serta berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanggulangan anak balita gizi buruk dan gizi kurang melalui ‘Program Edukasi dan Rehabilitasi Gizi’ (PERGIZI). Intervensi PERGIZI meliputi: edukasi gizi dan kesehatan, pemberian makanan tambahan (PMT) berupa nasi, lauk dan sayur yang dimasak dan dimakan bersama, pemeriksaan kesehatan dan pengobatan, pemberian sirop suplemen mineral zinc, serta penumbuhan partisipasi masyarakat. Partisipasi ibu balita serta masyarakat diukur melalui kontribusi tenaga, bahan makanan atau uang serta secara aktif terlibat dalam perencanaan, penyelenggaraan, pemantauan, dan pemecahan masalah selama pelaksanaan PERGIZI. Intervensi dilaksanakan bersama oleh ibu balita, kader, dan petugas kesehatan Puskesmas setempat selama 24 minggu, dengan frekuensi kegiatan sebanyak 30 kali. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam penyelenggaraan PERGIZI cukup tinggi, yang tampak dari kehadiran ibu balita, kader, dan tokoh masyarakat dalam musyawarah masyarakat desa untuk merencanakan kegiatan dan membuat kesepakatan. Partisipasi masyarakat selama pelaksanaan tampak dalam kerja sama antara ibu balita dengan kader serta kontribusi berupa tenaga dan uang dari ibu balita. Peningkatan status gizi anak balita tetap dapat dipertahankan meskipun ‘bantuan’ mulai dihentikan. Hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan dan kemampuan ibu dalam merawat anak balita dan memberinya makanan serta upaya pemberdayaan mulai memberikan hasil positif. PERGIZI dapat membantu menanggulangi anak balita gizi kurang dan gizi buruk dan meningkatkan optimalisasi keberhasilan program penanggulangan anak balita gizi buruk dan gizi kurang. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 136-149] Kata kunci: PERGIZI, partisipasi masyarakat, anak balita gizi kurang, anak balita gizi buruk
STATUS TINGGI BADAN PENDEK BERISIKO TERHADAP KETERLAMBATAN USIA MENARCHE PADA PEREMPUAN REMAJA USIA 10-15 TAHUN (STUNTING INCREASED RISK OF DELAYING MENARCHE ON FEMALE ADOLESCENT AGED 10-15 YEARS) Nurillah Amaliah; Kencana Sari; Bunga Ch Rosha
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3383.150-158

Abstract

ABSTRACT Age of first menstrual period (menarche), as a sign of puberty, was varies among female adolescents. Menarche in Indonesia was moving toward a younger age. However, some are still having menarche in later age. To analyze the relationship between the height status and age of menarche among female adolescents aged 10-15 years in Indonesia. The Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data 2010, a cross-sectional survey data, were analyzed using samples consisted of female adolescent aged 10-15 years. Data analysis was performed in univariate, bivariate with T test and Anova test. Of 13,550 respondents, 48.2 percent had experienced menarche at average age of 12.39 ± 1.08 years. The mean age of menarche of stunted female adolescents was significantly delayed than that of normal female adolescents. The mean age of menarche of female adolescents in higher economic status group was significantly earlier than that of the middle and lower economic status groups. In all age groups, the proportion of female adolescents had experienced menarche are greater in normal height group than that of stunted group. Therefore, the nutritional status of female adolescence should be paid serious attention. Keywords: menarcheal age, stunting, female adolescent ABSTRAK Usia menstruasi pertama (menarche), sebagai tanda pubertas, berbeda pada setiap perempuan remaja. Perkembangan usia menarche di Indonesia semakin menuju ke usia yang lebih muda. Namun, masih ada yang mengalami menarche lambat. Untuk mengetahui hubungan status tinggi badan dan menarche pada perempuan remaja usia 10-15 tahun. Data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas), data survey cross sectioanal dianalisis menggunakan sampel yang terdiri dari perempuan  dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan desain cross-sectional. Sampel adalah perempuan remaja usia 10–15 tahun. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji T dan uji Anova. Dari 13.550 responden di Indonesia sebesar 48,2 persen sudah mengalami menarche pada usia rata-rata 12,39±1,08 tahun. Rata-rata usia menarche perempuan remaja berstatus tinggi badan pendek secara signifikan lebih lambat dibandingkan perempuan remaja yang berstatus tinggi badan normal. Rata-rata usia menarche perempuan remaja pada kelompok status sosial ekonomi tinggi, lebih muda dibandingkan dengan perempuan remaja status ekonomi menengah dan rendah. Pada setiap kelompok umur, proporsi remaja putri yang sudah menarche lebih tinggi pada kelompok yang memiliki tinggi badan normal dibandingkan remaja putri yang pendek. Oleh karena itu status gizi remaja putri harus mendapat perhatian serius. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 150-158] Kata kunci: usia menarche, stunting, perempuan remaja
KOMPOSISI GIZI DAN DAYA TERIMA MAKANAN TERAPI: READY TO USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD UNTUK BALITA GIZI BURUK (NUTRITION COMPOSITION AND ACCEPTANCE TEST OF READY TO USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD FOR SEVERE MALNOURISHED CHILDREN) Komari Komari; Astuti Lamid
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3384.159-167

Abstract

Abstract Severe malnourished children need special diet which is nutritious, easily digested, and safe to improve their nutritional status. The diet could be Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF), composed by highly digestible component such as milk, vegetable oil, sugar, vitamines, minerals, and indigenous food such as peanut, mungbean and tempeh powder. This study was aimed to examine the nutrients content and the sensory quality of local RUTF. The method utilised were acceptability test on severe malnourished children, chemical analyses to identify nutrient content and safety analysis towards microbial and heavy metal contaminants. The  results showed that RUTF contained energy ranging from 521 kcal /100 g to 530 kcal/100 g, and protein ranging from 14,1 g/100 g to 16,9 g/100g. The RUTF was acceptable by malnourished children under five years old. Keywords: ready to use, therapeutic food, malnourished Abstrak Anak gizi buruk memerlukan diet yang khusus untuk meningkatkan status gizinya dengan makanan yang mudah dicerna, bergizi tinggi dan aman. Makanan tersebut dapat berupa Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) yang terdiri dari bahan yang mudah dicerna seperti susu, minyak sayur, gula, vitamin dan mineral, dan menggunakan bahan makanan lokal yakni tepung kacang tanah, kacang hijau, dan tempe. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai komposisi zat gizi dan kualitas sensori produk RUTF lokal. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji daya terima yang dilakukan terhadap anak balita gizi buruk, uji kimia untuk mengukur komposisi gizi dan keamanan terhadap mikroba dan logam berat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa komposisi gizi untuk RUTF mengandung cukup tinggi energi  yaitu berkisar antara 521-530 kkal/100g dan protein berkisar antara 14,1-16,9 g/100g. Makanan tersebut juga dapat diterima oleh  anak-anak balita gizi buruk. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 159-167] Kata Kunci: ready to use, makanan terapi, gizi buruk
PENANGANAN BALITA GIZI BURUK SECARA RAWAT JALAN DI PUSKESMAS DENGAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN TERAPI : FORMULA-100 DAN READY TO USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD (OUT-PATIENT TREATMENT OF SEVERE MALNOURISHED CHILDREN AT HEALTH CENTER WITH THERAPEUTIC FOOD : FORMULA-100 AND RE Astuti Lamid; Anies Irawati; Arnelia Arnelia
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3385.168-181

Abstract

ABSTRACT The study of outpatient treatment of severe malnourished children with therapeutic food: Formula-100 (F-100) and Ready To Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) had been conducted. The purpose was to optimize the growth of severe malnourished children. Formula-100, milk-based, has been used in health centers. While RUTF, lipid based, has been widely used to improve the nutritional status of severe malnourished children in African countries. The design of this study was quasi experiment and located in ten health centers in Bogor and Subang Regency. Samples were severe malnutrition children, aged 10-54 months with Weight (W) / Height (H) indicator <-3,0 Z-scores or W/H <-2,0 Z-scores with clinical signs of severe malnutrition. There were two treatment groups: F-100 and RUTF which were given to 39 children in each group for 6 weeks. Data collected were anthropometric, consumption of nutrients, diseases and socio-economics aspects, then data were analyzed using t test. Result showed that before treatment the mean of W/H both groups were <-3,0 Z-scores which catagorized as severe wasted, while after treatment the mean became >-3,0 Z-scores which was catagorized wasted. The improvement of nutritional status (W/H) between the RUTF and F-100 group were not significantly different (p>0,05). Almost all of nutrients consumption in both groups fulfilled the recommended dietary allowances, and the nutrient adequancy in both groups were not significantly different after treatment (p>0,05). Therefore RUTF can be used as alternative of F-100. The advantages of RUTF were lower price and containedmore vitamines and minerals compared to F-100. Keywords: malnutrition, wasted, outpatient, Ready to Use Therapeutic Food ABSTRAK Penelitian penanganan balita gizi buruk secara rawat jalan di Puskesmas dengan pemberian makanan terapi Formula-100 (F-100) dan Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) telah dilakukan. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan balita gizi buruk. Formula-100, berbahan dasar susu, telah digunakan di Puskesmas. Sedangkan RUTF, berbentuk pasta, telah digunakan di negara-negara Afrika dan berhasil memperbaiki status gizi balita gizi buruk. Desain penelitian pada studi ini adalah kuasi eksperimen yang  berlokasi di 10 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Bogor dan Subang. Sampel adalah balita gizi buruk umur 10-54 bulan dengan indikator BB/PB <-3,0 Z-skor atau BB/PB <-2,0 Z-skor dengan tanda klinis gizi buruk. Terdapat dua kelompok makanan terapi, F-100 dan RUTF yang diberikan kepada 39 anak di dalam setiap grup selama 6 minggu. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah antropometri, konsumsi zat gizi, sosial ekonomi dan penyakit. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata status gizi awal pada kedua kelompok <-3,0 Z-skor yang dikategorikan sangat kurus, setelah intervensi rata-rata status gizi meningkat menjadi >-3,0 Z-skor yang dikategorikan kurus. Perbaikan status gizi antara kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05). Hampir semua konsumsi zat gizi kedua kelompok mencapai Angka Kecukupan Gizi yang dianjurkan, dan konsumsi zat gizi kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna setelah intervensi (p>0,05). Dengan demikian, RUTF dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif selain F-100. Keunggulan RUTF adalah harga lebih murah dan lebih banyak mengandung vitamin, dan mineral dibandingkan dengan F-100. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 168-181] Kata kunci: gizi buruk, kurus, rawat jalan, Ready to Use Therapeutic Food
PENGARUH KETEBALAN SUBSTRAT PADA FERMENTASI TEMPE TERHADAP KADAR VITAMIN B1 (THE INFLUENCE OF SUBSTRATE THICKNESS DURING TEMPE FERMENTATION ON VITAMINS B1 LEVEL) Fifi Retiaty; Nia Kurniawati; Komari Komari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v35i2.3386.182-188

Abstract

ABSTRACT The level of vitamin B1 in tempe could be increased by modifying the surface of substrate during soybean fermentation. This research aimed to know the influence of substrate thickness during soybean fermentation into tempe to the levels of vitamin B1. The design of this research was completed randomized design with two replication. Vitamin B1 content was analyzed on raw soybeans, boiled soybeans, and tempe using spectrophotometer methods. The substrate thicknesses examined were 0.25 cm, 0.50 cm and 1.00cm. Vitamin B1 level on raw soybean was 0.7436 mg percent and on boiled soybean was 0.4898 mg percent, while in tempe with substrate thickness  0.25 cm, 0.50 cm and 1.00 cm, the vitamin B1 contents were 1.1413, 0.9044, and 0.7130 mg percent respectively. The thickness of tempe substrate affected on vitamin B1 content. A thinner substrate resulted on higher vitamin B1 level. Keywords: fermentation, tempe, vitamin B1   ABSTRAK Kadar vitamin B1 pada tempe dapat ditingkatkan dengan memodifikasi permukaan dari substrat dalam fermentasi kedelai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketebalan substrat pada fermentasi kedelai menjadi tempe terhadap kadar vitamin B1. Disain penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua kali ulangan. Kadar vitamin B1 dianalisis pada kedelai mentah, kedelai rebus, dan tempe dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Ketebalan substrat yang diteliti adalah 0.25 cm, 0,50 cm, 1,00 cm. Kadar vitamin B1 pada  kedelai mentah adalah 0,7436 mg persen dan pada kedelai rebus adalah 0.4898 mg persen. Sedangkan kadar vitamin B1 pada tempe dengan ketebalan 0,25, 0,5 dan 1 cm secara berturut-turut adalah 1,1413 mg persen , 0,9044 mg persen dan 0,7130 mg persen. Ketebalan substar tempe berpengaruh pada kandungan vitamin B1. Semakin tipis substrat, akan menghasilkan vitamin B1 yang semakin tinggi. [Penel Gizi Makan 2012, 35(2): 182-188]   Kata Kunci: fermentasi, tempe, vitamin B1

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