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Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Published by Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia
ISSN : 01259717     EISSN : 23388358     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36457
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences
Focus and Scope Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan is a journal developed to disseminate and discuss the scientific literature and other research on the development of health in the field of food and nutrition. This journal is intended as a medium for communication among stake holders on health research such asresearchers, educators, students, practitioners of Health Office, Department of Health, Public Health Service center, as well as the general public who have an interest in the matter. The journal is trying to meet the growing need to study health. Vision: Becoming a notable national journal in the field of food and nutritions towards a reputable international journal. Mission: Providing scientific communication media in food and nutritions research in order to advance science andtechnology in related fields. Organizes scholarly journal publishing in health research with an attempt to achieve a high impact factorin the development of science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 597 Documents
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HUBUNGAN OBESITAS DENGAN PROFIL LIPID PADA REMAJA DI INDONESIA Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Sudikno Sudikno
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.6081

Abstract

ABSTRACT The prevalence of obesity in the world shows an increase in both developed and developing countries, including obesity in adolescents. Obesity in children and adolescents can be a predictor of obesity in adulthood. Adolescents who are overweight have the potential to have higher lipid levels. This study aims to determine the relationship between obesity and lipid profile among adolescents in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from Riskesdas 2013. The research design was cross-sectional. A sample of 2,921 adolescents aged 15-19 years had complete anthropometric data of height and weight, blood lipid examination results, gender, occupation, education, physical activity, consumption of fruit and vegetables, fat consumption, and smoking behavior. The results showed that the variables that were significantly related (p<0.05) to the lipid profile were obesity status, gender, age, area of residence, occupation, marital status, smoking behavior, and fat consumption. Based on obesity status, the three lipid profiles were statistically significant, namely total cholesterol (p=0.000), LDL cholesterol (p=0.000), and triglycerides (p=0.001), but not significant to HDL cholesterol (p=0.059). Obese adolescents have 1.92 times the risk of having high total cholesterol (>= 200 mg/dl) with 95% CI=1.36-2.72, 1.82 times the risk of having high LDL levels (>=130 mg/dl) with 95% CI=1.32-2.50, and 1.75 times risk of having high triglyceride levels (>=150 mg/dl) with 95% CI=1.26-2.44 compared to adolescents who are not obese. It can be concluded that obesity has a risk of increasing blood lipid levels in adolescents in Indonesia, namely total cholesterol levels, LDL cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels, obesity does not contribute to HDL cholesterol levels. Keywords: obesity, overweight, adolescent, lipid profile ABSTRAK Prevalensi obesitas di dunia menunjukkan peningkatan baik di negara maju maupun berkembang, termasuk obesitas pada remaja. Obesitas pada anak dan remaja dapat menjadi prediktor terjadinya obesitas saat dewasa. Remaja yang memiliki berat badan lebih berpotensi untuk memiliki kadar lipid yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan profil lipid pada remaja di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2013. Desain penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sampel berjumlah 2.921 remaja berumur 15-19 tahun memiliki kelengkapan data antropometri berupa tinggi badan dan berat badan, hasil pemeriksaan lipid darah, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, pendidikan, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi buah sayur, konsumsi lemak, perilaku merokok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap profil lipid adalah status obesitas, jenis kelamin, umur, wilayah tempat tinggal, pekerjaan, status pernikahan, perilaku merokok dan konsumsi lemak. Berdasarkan status obesitas, ketiga profil lipid bermakna secara statistik yaitu kolesterol total (p=0,000), kolesterol LDL (p=0,000), dan trigliserida (p=0,001), namun tidak signifikan terhadap kolesterol HDL (p=0,059). Remaja yang obesitas berisiko 1,92 kali memiliki kolesterol total tinggi (>=200 mg/dl) dengan CI 95%=1,36-2,72, berisiko 1,82 kali memiliki kadar LDL tinggi (>=130 mg/dl) dengan CI 95%=1,32-2,50, dan berisiko 1,75 kali memiliki kadar trigliserida tinggi (>=150 mg/dl) dengan CI 95%=1,26-2,44 dibandingkan dengan remaja yang tidak mengalami obesitas. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa obesitas berisiko meningkatkan kadar lipida darah pada remaja di Indonesia, yaitu kadar kolesterol total, kadar kolesterol LDL dan kadar trigliserida, obesitas tidak memberikan kontribusi terhadap kadar kolesterol HDL. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):35-46]
FAKTOR RISIKO UNDERWEIGHT PADA BALITA DI PERKOTAAN DAN PERDESAAN INDONESIA [ANALISIS DATA STUDI STATUS GIZI BALITA INDONESIA 2019] Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Sudikno Sudikno; Elisa Diana Julianti; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Rika Rachmawati; Yunita Diana Sari; Herianti Herianti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.6041

Abstract

ABSTRACT The problem of underweight needs special attention because is the beginning of chronic nutritional problems such as stunting, it even can lead to death. This study aims to identify risk factors for underweight in children aged 0-59 months in urban and rural Indonesia. Using data from the 2019 Under-five child Nutritional Status Study with a cross-sectional design with a sample of 84,819 toddlers. The highest proportion of underweight children aged 24-35 months (18.9%) and 36-47 months (18.2%), male (17.6%), living in rural areas (18.8%) from the Nusa Tenggara region (26.4%) and had a history of diarrhoeal disease (19.7%). The results of multivariate analysis showed, risk of underweight among children who lived in urban and rural areas was almost the same, which is from the age group 24-35 months (AOR=2.19; 95% CI=1.93-2.50) and (AOR=1.99; 95%CI=1.76–2.26); male (AOR=1.18; 95%CI=1.66–2.15) and (AOR=1.18; 95%CI=1.12-1.24); from the Nusa Tenggara region (AOR =1.89; 95%CI = 1.66-2.15) and (AOR=2.05; 95%CI=1.87-2.26) but children under five in rural areas have extra risk which was a history of diarrhoeal disease (AOR=1.37; 95%CI=1.18-1.58). The risk factors for underweight in under-five children in urban and rural areas are in the age of 24-35 months, male and from the Nusa Tenggara region. The difference is the history of diarrhoeal disease in rural areas. A history of suffering from diarrhoea increases the risk of underweight in children. It is necessary to increase knowledge related to the nutritional needs of children and explore the main causes of nutritional problems based on regional conditions. Keywords: underweight, under-five children, urban and rural ABSTRAK Masalah underweight perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus karena berat badan kurang (gizi kurang/ buruk) merupakan permulaan masalah gizi kronis seperti pendek (stunted) bahkan jika dibiarkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko underweight pada balita usia 0-59 bulan di perkotaan dan perdesaan Indonesia. Menggunakan data hasil Studi Status Gizi Balita Tahun 2019 dengan desain potong lintang pada balita usia 0 – 59 bulan di Indonesia dengan jumlah sampel 84.819 balita. Proporsi balita yang mengalami underweight terbanyak pada kelompok umur 24-35 bulan (18,9%) dan 36-47 bulan (18,2%), laki-laki (17,6%), tinggal di perdesaan (18,8%) berasal dari regional Nusa Tenggara (26,4%) dan memiliki riwayat penyakit diare (19,7%). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan risiko underweight pada balita yang tinggal di perkotaan dan perdesaan relatif sama yaitu dari kelompok umur 24 – 35 bulan (AOR= 2,19; 95%CI= 1,93-2,50) dan (AOR= 1,99; 95%CI= 1,76 – 2,26); laki-laki (AOR= 1,18; 95%CI= 1,66 – 2,15) dan (AOR= 1,18; 95%CI = 1,12-1,24); dari regional Nusa Tenggara (AOR= 1,89; 95%CI= 1,66 - 2,15) dan (AOR= 2,05; 95%CI= 1,87 – 2,26) tetapi balita di wilayah perdesaan memiliki faktor risiko tambahan yaitu riwayat penyakit diare (AOR= 1,37; 95%CI= 1,18 - 1,58). Faktor risiko underweight pada balita di perkotaan dan perdesaan yaitu berada pada kelompok umur 24 – 35 bulan, laki-laki dan dari regional Nusa Tenggara. Yang menjadi perbedaan adalah riwayat penyakit diare balita di perdesaan. Riwayat menderita diare meningkatkan risiko underweight pada balita yang tinggal di wilayah perdesaan. Peningkatan pengetahuan terkait kebutuhan gizi pada balita dan penggalian penyebab utama masalah gizi berdasarkan kondisi wilayah perlu dilakukan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):47-58]
PENGENDALIAN OBESITAS MENURUT STATUS KOMORBID DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 Woro Riyadina; Elisa Diana Julianti; Prisca Petty Arfines; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Mohamad Samsudin
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i2.6201

Abstract

ABSTRACT The trend of obesity continues to increase consistently in Indonesia, even though the government has targeted to maintain the prevalence. Comorbidities play a role in controlling obesity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the main determinants of obesity control according to comorbid status during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study on 814 cases of obese adults aged 31 years or older who were part of the “Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Risk Factors” data in Bogor City. The sample is obese cases (Body Mass Index more or equal to 25 kg/m2) who have complete BMI data before the pandemic (2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021). The dependent variable was the change in BMI which is defined as the difference (delta) of BMI before and during the COVID-19 pandemic then categorized into three groups (stable, increased, and decreased). The main independent variable was comorbid status which was categorized as healthy, 1 NCD and ≥ 1 NCD). Covariate variables include demographic characteristics, health status (obesity, Common Mental Disorder (CMD), and risk behavior (smoking, length of sitting, exercise, dietary patterns). Data were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression at a significance of p<0.05. During the COVID-19 pandemic, obese cases who were able to control obesity (Stable BMI) at around 36.5 percent and who were able to reduce BMI was 24.6 percent. The main determinant of comorbid to stable BMI was education (OR 2.9 95% CI 1.361 – 6.070, p=0.006), while the determinant of decreased BMI was sitting time for 5.9 hours (OR 1.6 95% CI 1.122– 2.331, p=0.010) after controlling for other factors. Specific nutrition intervention strategies are needed individually, especially for obese cases with low education by considering the health status and increasing physical activity as a healthy lifestyle. Keywords: changes in BMI, control, comorbid, obese, COVID-19 pandemic ABSTRAK Tren obesitas terus meningkat secara konsisten di Indonesia, meskipun pemerintah sudah menargetkan untuk mempertahankan prevalensi obesitas. Komorbid berperan dalam pengendalian obesitas khususnya pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan studi menentukan determinan utama pengendalian obesitas menurut status komorbiditas di masa pandemi COVID-19. Sebuah studi longitudinal pada 814 kasus obese dewasa umur ≥31 tahun bagian dari data “Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular” di Kota Bogor. Sampel adalah kasus obese (IMT ≥ 25 kg/m2) yang mempunyai data IMT lengkap sebelum pandemi (2019) dan pada masa pandemi COVID-19 (2021). Variabel terikat adalah perubahan IMT yang merupakan selisih (delta) IMT sebelum dan pada masa pendemi COVID-19 dikategorikan menjadi tiga kelompok (stabil, turun dan naik). Variabel bebas utama adalah status komorbid yang dikategorikan menjadi sehat, 1 PTM dan ≥ 1 PTM. Variabel kovariat meliputi karakteristik demografi, status kesehatan (obesitas, gejala mental emosional (GME), perilaku berisiko: merokok, lama duduk, olahraga, pola konsumsi). Data dianalisis dengan regresi logistik multinomial pada signifikansi p< 0,05. Selama masa pandemi COVID-19, kasus obese yang mampu mengendalikan obesitas (IMT Stabil) 36,5 persen dan mampu menurunkan IMT sebesar 24,6 persen. Determinan utama hubungan komorbid dengan IMT stabil adalah pendidikan (OR 2,9 95% CI 1,361 – 6,070, p=0,006) sedangkan determinan utama perubahan IMT turun adalah lama duduk ≤ 5,9 jam (OR 1,6 95% CI 1,122– 2,331, p=0,010) setelah mengontrol faktor lain. Diperlukan strategi intervensi gizi yang spesifik secara individual, khususnya bagi kasus obese dengan tingkat pendidikan rendah dengan mempertimbangkan status sehat (tanpa komorbid) dan peningkatkan aktivitas fisik sebagai gaya hidup sehat. Kata kunci: perubahan IMT, kendali, komorbid, obesitas, pandemi COVID-19
Front matter Vol 45 No 2 Tahun 2022 Front matter PGM
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Front matter Vol 45 No 2 Tahun 2022
Back matter Vol 45 No 2 Tahun 2022 Back matter PGM
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Back matter Vol 45 No 2 Tahun 2022
EFEK KONSUMSI TAPIOKA TERMODIFIKASI EKSTRAK TEH HIJAU TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID SERUM DARAH, ENZIM SUPEROKSIDA DISMUTASE (SOD) DAN MALONALDEHID (MDA) HATI TIKUS DIABETES Elisa Diana Julianti; Nunung Nurjanah; Yunita Diana Sari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i2.6277

Abstract

ABSTRACT Diabetes is still a public health problem. Dyslipidemia and oxidative stress are common symptoms that accompany the disease. Green tea is a food source of antioxidants and antidyslipidemic. Starch is the main source of carbohydrates in the daily diet of people which contributes to more than half of energy intake. Tapioca starch (Manihot utilissima) could be physically and chemically modified with 4% green tea extract 58-62 oBrix as an antidiabetic functional food. This study aimed to determine the effect of tapioca starch modified with 4% green tea extract on blood lipid profiles (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-HDL, low-density lipoprotein-LDL, triglycerides) and liver antioxidant activity (activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase-SOD, malonaldehyde-MDA) of diabetic rats. The Sprague Dawley rats aged two months weight of 175-250 g, were induced by streptozotocin and fed with tapioca starch modified with 4% green tea extract for 35 days. Blood lipid profile and liver antioxidant activity were analyzed by spectrophotometry. The results showed that tapioca starch modified with 4% green tea extract was not significantly reduced cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and MDA levels and increased HDL and SOD enzyme activity (p>0.05). The rats had an average blood lipid profile level of 9.6 – 70.8 mg/dL, SOD enzyme activity 0.561-0.885 U/mg, and malonaldehyde levels 0.025 – 0.090 nmol/mg. The study concluded that tapioca starch modified with 4% green tea extract 58-62 oBrix had not been effective yet in improving the blood lipid profile and antioxidant activity of diabetic rats. Keywords: blood lipid profiles, diabetic rats, green tea, liver antioxidant activity, modified tapioca starch ABSTRAK Penyakit Diabetes masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Dislipidemia dan stress oksidatif merupakan gejala umum yang menyertai penyakit tersebut. Teh hijau merupakan bahan pangan sumber antioksidan dan anti dyslipidemia. Pati adalah sumber karbohidrat utama dalam diet harian masyarakat yang menyumbangkan asupan energi lebih dari setengah kebutuhan. Pati tapioka (Manihot utilissima) dapat dimodifikasi secara fisik dan kimia dengan ekstrak teh hijau 4% dan berperan sebagai pangan fungsional antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek pemberian pati tapioka termodifikasi teh hijau 4%, 58-62 oBrix terhadap profil lipid darah (kolesterol, high density lipoprotein-HDL, low density lipoprotein-LDL, trigliserida) dan aktivitas antioksidan hati (aktivitas enzim superoksida dismutase-SOD, malonaldehid-MDA) tikus diabetes. Tikus yang digunakan adalah tikus Sprague Dawley umur dua bulan dengan berat 175-250 g. Tikus diinduksi menjadi diabetes dengan streptozotocin dan diberi pakan tapioka termodifikasi ekstrak teh 4% selama 35 hari. Profil lipid darah dan aktivitas antioksidan hati dianalisis dengan spektrofotometri. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pati tapioka termodifikasi teh hijau 4% tidak signifikan menurunkan kadar kolesterol, trigliserida, LDL dan MDA serta meningkatkan HDL dan aktivitas enzim SOD (p>0,05). Tikus percobaan memiliki rerata kadar profil lipid darah 9,6 – 70,8 mg/dL, aktivitas enzim SOD 0,561-0,885 U/mg dan kadar malonaldehid 0,025 – 0,090 nmol/mg. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pati tapioka termodifikasi teh hijau 4%, 58-62 oBrix belum terbukti efektif memperbaiki profil lipid darah dan aktivitas antioksidan tikus diabetes. Kata kunci: aktivitas antioksidan hati, profil lipid darah, tapioka termodifikasi, teh hijau, tikus diabetes
HUBUNGAN RISIKO STATUS KESEHATAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK 24-36 BULAN Reviana Christijani; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i2.5638

Abstract

ABSTRACT Stunting is a nutritional problem found in most developing countries. Stunting is a cumulative effect that shows growth in the past and present, due to inadequate nutrient intake and is compounded by frequent anti-infectious drugs. This study aims to determine the relationship between health status risk and the incidence of stunting among children aged 24-36 months. This data analysis uses a total sample of data that has complete data of 195 children obtained from 24 to 36 months and data was collected through interview and measurement. Data analysis was conducted in univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression test). The results showed that a history of heat illness more than 3 times/year was significantly related to the incidence of stunting (p <0.04) and the risk of stunting was 1.8 times higher than children who had a history of heat illness less than 3 times/year. History of cold cough, diarrhea, and long duration of illness there is no relationship with stunting in children aged 24-36 months in Bogor Keywords: health status, stunting, children 23-24 months ABSTRAK Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang banyak ditemukan pada hampir semua negara berkembang, Stunting merupakan efek kumulatif adanya gangguan pertumbuhan pada masa lalu dan sekarang, diakibatkan karena asupan zat gizi yang tidak memadai dan diperparah dengan seringnya terkena penyakit infeksi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan risiko status kesehatan terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak umur 24-36 bulan. Analisis data penelitian longitudinal yang dilakukan Pusat Teknologi Terapan Kesehatan dan Epidemiologi Klinik (PTTKEK) ini menggunakan total sampel balita yang memiliki kelengkapan data sebanyak 195 anak berumur 24 sampai dengan 36 bulan. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan pengukuran. Analisis data univariat, bivariat (uji kai kuadrat), dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik ganda). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa riwayat sakit panas lebih dari 3 kali/tahun berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian stunting (p<0,04) dan berisiko untuk menjadi stunting 1,8 kali lebih tinggi dari anak yang mempunyai riwayat sakit panas kurang dari 3 kali/tahun. Riwayat sakit batuk pilek, diare dan durasi lama sakit tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan stunting pada anak umur 24-36 bulan di Bogor. Kata kunci: status kesehatan, stunting, anak 23-24 bulan
GAYA HIDUP BALITA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KECAMATAN BOGOR TENGAH, INDONESIA Nazarina Nazarina; Rika Rachmawati; Febriani Febriani; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Reviana Christijani; Amalia Safitri; Aditianti Aditianti; Budi Setyawati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i2.6266

Abstract

ABSTRACT The Covid-19 Pandemic has had an unpredictable impact in society, including changing the lifestyle of children under five years old such as eating habit and physical activity that may consequence on their health, growth, and development. Therefore this study explores their lifestyles and the reasons of their lifestyle during pandemic. This was a qualitative study in Bogor Tengah sub-district, of West Java, Indonesia on October 2021. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted in 12 mothers and 1 care giver of child under five years old whom recruited purposively and divided into four discussion groups. The discussion took place in the UPF-IPS institution in Bogor. Each group was led by two researchers. The discussion duration was 45 to 60 minutes, recorded and transcribed. To validate FGD’s information, in-depth interviews were done in some family members who are close to the children. All information was analyzed thematically. This study shows that most participants had a low social economic status. Social distancing and locked down policies, caused children have more recreational screen time, sleeping. Job lost or less income during pandemic change in food purchases, causing children eating more energy dense and low protein quality food. In long periods, it may badly affect children’s growth, development and health. Thus, it is recommended to create some online or offline fun games based on physical movement in small rooms, also creating a standard menu that fulfills children’s protein requirements as well as taking essential amino acid or protein supplements besides multivitamin and mineral supplements. Keywords: children, food consumption, sedentary activity, screen time ABSTRAK Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang tidak dapat di prediksi di komunitas, termasuk perubahan gaya hidup balita yang dimungkinkan berkuensikuensi terhadap kesehatan, pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi gaya hidup balita serta yang melatarbelakangi gaya hidup tersebut disaat pandemi. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Jawa Barat, Indonesia pada bulan Oktober 2021. Diskusi kelompok terarah dilakukan pada 12 ibu dan 1 pengasuh balita yang ditentukan secara purposive dan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok diskusi, setiap kelompok dipimpin oleh dua peneliti, dengan durasi 45-60 menit yang direkam menggunakan recorder dan transkripsi. Diskusi meliputi gaya hidup balita sebelum dan saat pandemi serta yang melatarbelakangi terjadi perubahan gaya hidup tersebut. Validasi informasi dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap anggota keluarga dari beberapa keluarga balita. Semua informasi dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil memperlihatkan bahwa kebanyakan peserta berada pada status sosial ekonomi rendah. Kebijakan PPKM dan jaga jarak sosial menyebabkan balita lebih banyak melakukan recreational screen time serta tidur. Kehilangan pekerjaan atau penghasilan yang menurun selama pandemi menyebabkan perubahan pembelian jenis pangan terutama pangan dengan kandungan tinggi protein, sehingga balita banyak menonsumsi makanan energy dense (energi tinggi) dan kualitas protein rendah.. Bila keadaan tersebut berlangsung lama, akan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita. Dianjurkan untuk menciptakan permainan berdasarkan gerak tubuh yang menyenangkan secara online atau offline yang dapat dilakukan pada saat pandemi. Diperlukan menu standar untuk mencukupi kuantitas dan kualitas protein atau meminum supleman asam amino esensial (protein) selain suplemen multivitamin dan mineral. Kata kunci: balita, konsumsi makanan, aktivitas sedentary, screen time
FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING BALITA 0-23 BULAN DI INDONESIA Sudikno Sudikno; Sugeng Eko; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Aditianti Aditianti; Yekti Widodo; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Ade Chandra Iwansyah
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 2 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i2.6466

Abstract

ABSTRACT The problem of stunting in children under five is still a health problem, especially in developing countries. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the nutritional status of children aged 0–23 months in Indonesia. This study uses data from Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018. The research design is cross-sectional. The research sample is children aged 0-23 months in Indonesia. Stunting was analyzed as the dependent variable. The independent variables were gender, age group, region (rural/urban), father's education, mother's education, father's occupation, mother's occupation, number of household members, number of children under five, access to a health center, access to the hospital, access to health practitioner, infectious diseases (diarrhea, ARI), ownership of MCH handbook, birth weight, birth length, mother's height, father's BMI, mother's BMI, father's smoking habit, mother's smoking habit, place of delivery, waste disposal, and hand washing with soap (father/mother). The number of samples analyzed was 10,779 children under two years old. The results of the analysis showed that the prevalence of stunting in children aged 0-23 months was 28.9 percent. The prevalence of stunting in babies 0-11 months was 22.4 percent lower than the prevalence of stunting in toddlers 12-23 months (36.8%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with stunting in children aged 0-23 months in Indonesia were boys, ages 12-23. months, LBW, birth length (<48 cm), and maternal height (<145 cm). Keywords: stunting, children aged 0-23 months, risk factors ABSTRAK Masalah stunting pada anak balita masih menjadi masalah kesehatan terutama di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan status gizi balita usia 0–23 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah balita berusia 0-23 bulan di Indonesia. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi variabel terikat, yaitu status gizi stunting. Variabel bebas meliputi: jenis kelamin, kelompok umur, wilayah (perdesaan/perkotaan), pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, pekerjaan ibu, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, jumlah balita, akses ke puskesmas, akses ke rumah sakit, akses ke praktek tenaga kesehatan, penyakit menular (diare, ISPA), kepemilikan buku KIA, berat lahir, panjang lahir, tinggi badan ibu, IMT ayah, IMT ibu, kebiasaan merokok ayah, kebiasaan merokok ibu, tempat persalinan, tempat sampah, dan cuci tangan pakai sabun (ayah/ibu). Jumlah sampel yang dianalisis 10.779 anak umur 0-23 bulan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan prevalensi stunting pada anak usia 0-23 bulan adalah 28,9 persen. Prevalensi stunting pada bayi 0-11 bulan sebesar 22,4 persen lebih kecil dibandingkan prevalensi stunting pada anak balita umur 12-23 bulan (36,8%). Hasil analisis regresi logistik multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan stunting pada anak balita umur 0-23 bulan di Indonesia adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki, umur balita 12-23 bulan, BBLR, panjang lahir (<48 cm), dan tinggi badan ibu (<145 cm). Kata kunci: stunting, balita 0-23 bulan, faktor risiko
KUALITAS PRODUK BISKUIT MENGHADAPI PEMBERLAKUAN SNI BISKUIT SECARA WAJIB [STUDI KASUS DI DKI JAKARTA] Danar A. Susanto
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 41 No. 1 (2018): PGM VOL 41 NO 1 TAHUN 2018
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v41i1.1854

Abstract

ABSTRACT The Ministry of Industry stipulates the enforcement of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2973: 2011 - Biscuits are mandatory to ensure the quality of biscuits, to protect consumers for food safety, quality and nutrition and to create fair and healthy business competitiveness. However, in July 2016, the enforcement of SNI Biscuit must be postponed due to the lack of producers in the application of SNI Biscuit. The purpose of this research is to know the quality of biscuit products from domestic producers as a form of readiness of producers in applying SNI 2973: 2011 with case study in DKI Jakarta. The research method used quantitative descriptive method by testing biscuit products. The result of the research shows that the biscuit products producers have not been able to fulfill the requirements parameters in SNI 2973: 2011, because there are still 25 percent of samples that can not meet the requirements of SNI 2973: 2011. All product samples that do not meet are pai products, and all are related to a maximum 5 percent water content limit. Water content affects the appearance, texture, taste in freshness and durability or shelf life. Keywords: Indonesian National Standard (SNI), biscuits, products testing ABSTRAK Kementerian Perindustrian menetapkan pemberlakuan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 2973:2011-Biskuit secara wajib untuk menjamin mutu biskuit, melindungi konsumen atas keamanan, mutu dan gizi pangan serta menciptakan daya saing usaha yang sehat dan adil. Namun pada bulan Juli 2016, pemberlakuan SNI Biskuit secara wajib ditunda karena belum siapnya produsen dalam penerapan SNI Biskuit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas produk biskuit dari produsen dalam negeri sebagai bentuk kesiapan produsen dalam menerapkan SNI 2973:2011 dengan studi kasus di DKI Jakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melakukan pengujian produk biskuit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produsen produk biskuit belum semuanya mampu memenuhi paramater persyaratan dalam SNI 2973:2011, karena masih ada 25 persen sampel yang tidak dapat memenuhi persyaratan SNI 2973:2011. Semua sampel produk yang tidak memenuhi adalah produk pai, dan semuanya terkait dengan batasan maksimal kadar air 5 persen. Kadar air berpengaruh terhadap penampakan, tekstur, cita rasa pada kesegaran dan daya awet atau masa simpan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2018, 41(1):1-12] Kata kunci: Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), biskuit, pengujian produk

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