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Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Published by Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia
ISSN : 01259717     EISSN : 23388358     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36457
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences
Focus and Scope Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan is a journal developed to disseminate and discuss the scientific literature and other research on the development of health in the field of food and nutrition. This journal is intended as a medium for communication among stake holders on health research such asresearchers, educators, students, practitioners of Health Office, Department of Health, Public Health Service center, as well as the general public who have an interest in the matter. The journal is trying to meet the growing need to study health. Vision: Becoming a notable national journal in the field of food and nutritions towards a reputable international journal. Mission: Providing scientific communication media in food and nutritions research in order to advance science andtechnology in related fields. Organizes scholarly journal publishing in health research with an attempt to achieve a high impact factorin the development of science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 597 Documents
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Back matter PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021 pgm managerxot
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

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Abstract

Back matter PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
SOSIODEMOGRAFI STUNTING PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA Sudikno sudikno; Yekti Widodo; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Doddy Izwardy; Vivi Setiawaty; Budi Setyawati; Yunita Diana Sari; Dyah Santi Puspitasari; Feri Ahmadi; Rika Rachmawati; Amalia Safitri; Nurilah Amaliah; Prisca Petty Arfines; Bunga Christitha Rosha; Aditianti Aditianti; Elisa Diana Julianti; Joko Pambudi; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Febriani Febriani
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v44i2.4953

Abstract

ABSTRACT The problem of stunting in children under five (0-59 months) is still a public health problem, especially in developing countries. This study aims to measure the prevalence of stunting and determine its sociodemography risk factors in Indonesia. This study was a nationwide survey in 514 districts consisting of 32,000 census blocks (320,000 households). The study design was cross-sectional. The population of this study was all families of children under five in all districts in Indonesia. The sample was households with children under five which were visited by Susenas (National Sociodemographic Survey) in March 2019. The data collected were the length/height of children under-five of age, gender, age (months), region (rural and urban), all provinces which were divided into 7 regions. (Java-Bali, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua), and diarrhea. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in children under five (0-59 months) was 27.6 percent. Multivariate regression analysis showed that children 12 month old and older, living in rural areas (AOR=1,444; 95% CI: 1,442-1,447), in the Nusa Tenggara region (AOR=1,874; 95% CI: 1,866-1,882), and suffering from diarrhea (AOR=1,409; 95%CI: 1,401-1,417) were more at risk of becoming stunted. ABSTRAK Masalah stunting pada balita (0-59 bulan) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat terutama di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi stunting dan faktor risiko stunting menurut sosiodemografi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan survei nasional di 514 kabupaten/kota yang terdiri dari 32.000 blok sensus (320.000 rumah tangga). Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah semua keluarga balita yang ada di seluruh kabupaten/ kota di Indonesia. Sampel adalah rumah tangga yang memiliki balita yang dikunjungi oleh Susenas Maret 2019. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah panjang/tinggi badan balita, jenis kelamin, umur (bulan), wilayah (perdesaan dan perkotaan), provinsi yang dibagi dalam 7 wilayah (Jawa bali, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua), dan penyakit diare pada balita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting pada balita (0-59 bulan) sebesar 27,6 persen. Analisis regresi multivariate menunjukkan bahwa balita yang berumur lebih dari 11 bulan, tinggal di perdesaan (AOR=1,444; 95% CI: 1,442-1,447), wilayah Nusa Tenggara (AOR=1,874; 95% CI: 1,866-1,882) dan yang menderita diare (AOR=1,409; 95%CI: 1,401-1,417) lebih berisiko untuk menjadi stunting. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(1):71-78]
FAKTOR DETERMINAN BALITA STUNTING PADA DESA LOKUS DAN NON LOKUS DI 13 KABUPATEN LOKUS STUNTING DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019 Yurista Permanasari; Ika Saptarini; Nurilah Amalia; aditianti aditianti; Amalia Safitri; Nuzuliyati Nurhidayati; Yunita Diana Sari; Prisca Pretty Arfines; Irlina R. Irawan; Dyah Santi Puspitasari; Febriani Syahrul; Budi Setyawati; Rika Rachmawati; Elisa Diana Julianti; Rika Rachmalina; Andi Susilawati; Novianti Sihombing; Sisca Dwi Kumlasari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v44i2.5665

Abstract

ABSTRACT The implementation of government policies in stunting prevention has been carried out from the central level to the village level. The Ministry of Home Affairs annually establishes stunting locus villages in 34 provinces. At the stunting locus village, sensitive and specific interventions were carried out. Many factors influence the prevalence of stunting. This study aims to determine the determinants of stunting in locus and non-locus villages in 13 stunting locus districts in Indonesia. This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in 13 districts of stunting locus. Each district was chosen one sub-district which was then selected one locus of stunting village and one village of non locus. In each village 90 children were selected. Data analysis was carried out univariate, bivariate, and multivariate with logistic regression test to see the relationship between independent and dependent variables after being controlled by several variables. The results showed that 20 percent lower chance of stunting in locus villages than non locus villages. Toddlers who are breastfed for more than 24 months have a 1.7 times risk of becoming stunted. Toddlers who do not do early initiation of breastfeeding have a 1.5 times risk of becoming stunted compared to toddlers who do early initiation of breastfeeding. High maternal education can prevent stunting 2 times compared to mothers with low education. The selection of stunting locus villages affects the prevalence of stunting. In addition, several determinant factors influence the incidence of stunting, namely the sex of the child, the duration of breastfeeding more than 24 months, the child's age, early initiation of breastfeeding, growth monitoring, the mother's age and the mother's education. ABSTRAK Implementasi kebijakan pemerintah dalam pencegahan stunting telah dilaksanakan mulai dari tingkat pusat sampai tingkat desa. Kementerian Dalam Negeri setiap tahun menetapkan desa lokus stunting di 34 provinsi. Pada desa lokus stunting dilakukan intervensi sensitif dan spesifik. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi prevalensi stunting. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor determinan kejadian stunting pada desa lokus dan non lokus di 13 kabupaten lokus stunting di Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di 13 Kabupaten lokus stunting, setiap kabupaten dipilih satu kecamatan yang kemudian dipilih satu desa lokus stunting dan satu desa non lokus. Pada setiap desa dipilih 90 balita. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik untuk melihat hubungan variabel bebas dan terikat setelah dikontrol oleh beberapa variabel. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa peluang terjadinya stunting 20 persen lebih rendah di desa lokus dibanding desa non lokus. Balita yang mendapatkan ASI lebih dari 24 bulan berisiko 1,7 kali menjadi stunting. Balita yang tidak melakukan inisiasi menyusui dini (IMD) berisiko 1,5 kali menjadi stunting dibandingkan dengan balita yang melakukan IMD. Pendidikan ibu yang tinggi dapat mencegah kejadian stunting 2 kali dibandingkan ibu berpendidikan rendah. Pemilihan desa lokus stunting memengaruhi kejadian stunting. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa faktor determinan yang memengaruhi kejadian stunting yaitu jenis kelamin anak, durasi menyusui ASi lebih dari 24 bulan, usia anak, IMD, pemantauan pertumbuhuan, umur ibu dan pendidikan ibu. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(2):79-92]
DIET BERAS MERAH DAN BERAS PUTIH PRATANAK PADA TIKUS HIPERGLIKEMIA Dita Kristanti; Viera Nu’riza Pratiwi; Endang S Rahayu; Mary Astuti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v44i2.4421

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hyperglycemia is a carbohydrate metabolism disorder causing diabetes. The difference in glycemic index (GI) in red rice and white rice causes different effects on blood glucose. Precooked rice processing causes starch retrogradation which can form Resistant Starch (RS) thereby lowering the GI of rice. Resistant starch is fermented into Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) and affects the colonic microbiota population. This study aims to determine the effect of precooked red rice and precooked white rice consumption on fasting blood glucose concentration, Ferric Reducing Ability on Plasma (FRAP) concentration, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus populations, and SCFAs digesta in hyperglycemic Wistar rats. This study was conducted using 24 male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks with a bodyweight of 200-220 grams. The rats were divided into 4 treatment groups: healthy (S), hyperglycemic (H), a hyperglycemic diet of precooked red rice (H+BMP), and hyperglycemic rats of precooked white rice diet (H+BPP). Consumption of precooked red rice (BMP) for 6 weeks was shown to reduce fasting blood glucose concentration (57.95%), while consumption of cooked white rice (BPP) actually increased fasting blood glucose concentration (4.16%) in hyperglycemic rats. Consumption of BMP also resulted in higher blood antioxidant capacity than BPP. However, consumption of BMP and BPP had no significant effect on the E. coli population, Lactobacillus population, and SCFAs digesta levels. ABSTRAK Hiperglikemia adalah suatu tanda gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat yang menyebabkan penyakit diabetes. Perbedaan Indeks Glikemik (IG) pada beras merah dan beras putih menyebabkan perbedaan efek pada glukosa darah. Pengolahan beras secara pratanak menyebabkan retrogradasi pati yang dapat membentuk Resistant Starch (RS) sehingga menurunkan IG pada beras. Resistant starch difermentasi menjadi Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) dan mempengaruhi populasi mikrobiota di kolon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi beras merah dan beras putih precooked terhadap konsentrasi glukosa darah puasa, konsentrasi Ferric Reducing Ability on Plasma (FRAP), populasi Escherichia coli dan Lactobacillus, serta SCFAs digesta tikus Wistar hiperglikemia. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan 24 ekor tikus putih Wistar jantan berumur 8 minggu dengan berat badan 200-220 gram. Tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan: sehat (S), hiperglikemia (H), hiperglikemia diet beras merah pratanak (H+BMP), dan tikus hiperglikemia diet beras putih pratanak (H+BPP). Konsumsi beras merah pratanak (BMP) selama 6 minggu terbukti menurunkan konsentrasi glukosa darah puasa (57.95%), sedangkan konsumsi beras putih pratanak (BPP) justru meningkatkan konsentrasi glukosa darah puasa (4.16%) pada tikus hiperglikemia. Konsumsi BMP juga menghasilkan kapasitas antioksidan darah yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan BPP. Namun, konsumsi BMP dan BPP tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi E. coli, populasi Lactobacillus, dan kadar SCFAs digesta. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(2):93-104]
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK KELUARGA DAN STATUS GIZI ANAK DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DI KOTA BOGOR Dwi Anggraeni Puspitasari; Lilik Kustiyah; Cesilia Meti Dwiriani; Yekti Widodo
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2021): PGM VOL 44 NO 2 TAHUN 2021
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v44i2.5520

Abstract

ABSTRACT The incidence of stunting and delays in cognitive abilities is a problem that still occurs in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effect of family characteristics and subject characteristics on cognitive abilities in preschool children in the city of Bogor. This study uses a case-control design on some of the data from the Child Development Cohort (TKA) study located in the city of Bogor. The case group is preschool children with delayed cognitive development and the control group is preschool children with normal cognitive development. The number of subjects in this study was 84 children, consisting of 42 children in the case group and 42 children in the control group. The variables analyzed included family characteristics (parental education, parental occupation, and family size), subject characteristics (gender, anthropometry at birth, nutritional status at birth), health status, and the parenting environment, and children's cognitive development. The results of the analysis show that the increase in height of children 0-4 years has an effect on the cognitive development of preschool children. Children with height gain that is not in accordance with WHO standards are at risk of 4.1 times experiencing delayed cognitive development. In an effort to increase the growth and cognitive development of children, access to education and the provision of a good nurturing environment must be increased. Fulfilling the nutritional needs of preschool children that are appropriate so that children's height growth is optimal and providing good psychosocial parenting can optimize their cognitive development. In addition, the provision of stimulation according to the child's age is needed to support more optimal growth and development of children. ABSTRAK Kejadian stunting dan keterlambatan kemampuan kognitif merupakan masalah yang masih terjadi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik keluarga dan karakteristik subjek terhadap kemampuan kognitif pada anak usia prasekolah di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol pada sebagian data studi Kohor Tumbuh Kembang Anak (TKA) yang berlokasi di Kota Bogor. Kelompok kasus adalah anak prasekolah yang mengalami gangguan perkembangan kognitif terlambat dan kelompok kontrol yakni anak prasekolah dengan perkembangan kognitif normal. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 84 anak terdiri dari kelompok kasus 42 anak dan kelompok kontrol 42 anak. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi karakteristik keluarga (pendidikan orangtua, pekerjaan orangtua, dan besar keluarga), karakteristik subjek (jenis kelamin, antropometeri saat lahir, status gizi saat lahir) status kesehatan, dan lingkungan pengasuhan, dan perkembangan kognitif anak. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pertambahan tinggi badan anak 0-4 tahun berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak prasekolah. Anak dengan pertambahan tinggi yang tidak sesuai dengan standar WHO berisiko 4,1 kali mengalami perkembanan kognitif yang terlambat. Sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kogntiif anak maka akses terhadap pendidikan dan pemberian lingkungan pengasuhan yang baik harus ditingkatkan. Pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi anak prasekolah yang sesuai agar pertumbuhan tinggi badan anak optimal dan dengan pemberian pola asuh psikososial yang baik dapat mengoptimalkan perkembangan kognitifnya. Selain itu, pemberian stimulasi yang sesuai dengan usia anak diperlukan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang lebih optimal. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(2):105-113]
PERSEPSI TENTANG STUNTING PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI KABUPATEN GIANYAR BALI Sisilia Natanael; Ni Kadek Aprilia Putri; Kadek Tresna Adhi
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.5900

Abstract

ABSTRACT Stunting is a public health problem that reflects the condition of failure to thrive in children under five, resulting from chronic malnutrition in which the child's height does not match his age. The nutrition improvement movement of 8,000 first days of life is an effort to prevent stunting from pregnancy to adolescence. So it is necessary to know about the adolescent's perception regarding this stunting problem so that adolescents can have a crucial role in giving birth to a stunting-free generation in the future. The objective is to know the extent of the perception of stunting nutrition problems in adolescent girls at the stunting locus area in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. This research is descriptive quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The sample of this study (411 respondents) was female high school students in Gianyar Regency and was selected using a non-probability sampling technique. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, sources of information related to nutritional problems, and perceptions related to stunting were collected using a google form questionnaire. Data analysis descriptively. The results showed that most (86.6%) respondents did not know that stunting was a nutritional problem for adolescents, and 50.4 percent of respondents had negative perceptions about stunting, especially in aspects of stunting prevention. These results indicate the importance of providing stunting prevention education models for young women, especially those that emphasize perceived seriousness and perceived benefits that awareness obtained to prevent stunting early. ABSTRAK Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang mencerminkan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis, sehingga tinggi badan anak tidak sesuai dengan umurnya. Gerakan perbaikan gizi 8.000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) merupakan upaya pencegahan terjadinya stunting dari masa kehamilan hingga anak usia remaja. Maka perlu diketahui persepsi remaja terkait permasalahan stunting ini sehingga remaja dapat memiliki peran penting dalam melahirkan generasi bebas stunting di masa depan. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana gambaran persepsi mengenai masalah gizi stunting pada remaja putri pada daerah lokus stunting di Kabupaten Gianyar, Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah pelajar putri SMA di Kabupaten Gianyar sebanyak 411 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik non probability sampling. Data karakteristik sosiodemografi, sumber informasi terkait permasalahan gizi, dan persepsi terkait stunting diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner google form. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar (86,6%) responden tidak tahu stunting merupakan masalah gizi remaja, serta sebesar 50,4 persen responden memiliki persepsi negatif tentang stunting terutama pada aspek pencegahan stunting. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya pemberian model edukasi pencegahan stunting pada remaja putri terutama yang menekankan pada aspek persepsi keseriusan dan persepsi manfaat sehingga dapat diperoleh kesadaran untuk mencegah stunting lebih dini. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):1-10]
Front matter Vol 45 No 1 Tahun 2022 pgm managerxot
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Front matter Vol 45 No 1 Tahun 2022
Back matter Vol 45 No 1 Tahun 2022 pgm managerxot
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

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Back matter Vol 45 No 1 Tahun 2022
DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA RUMAH TANGGA PETANI/ NELAYAN/ BURUH DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS LANJUT STUDI DETERMINAN STATUS GIZI TAHUN 2020) Yunita Diana Sari; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Rika Rachmawati; Sudikno Sudikno; Elisa Diana Julianti
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.6037

Abstract

ABSTRACT The implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policies which have implications for limiting community activities, including economic activities, educational activities, and other social activities. This activity restriction has an impact on the decline in the socio-economic conditions of the community, especially in vulnerable communities such as farmers/fishermen/laborers who do not have a fixed income. Therefore, the government, both at the National and regional levels, has issued various policies to deal with the spread of COVID-19 as well as policies to mitigate the social and economic impacts of this pandemic. The purpose of this analysis is to see the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on households of farmers/fishermen/laborers who have children under five by conducting further analysis of the 2020 Nutritional Status Determinant Survey (SDSG) data. The number of respondents being analyzed is 6,866 households of farmers/fishermen/laborers. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the head of the family stated that they were economically less able to meet family needs (60.7%), had less income (80.9%), had more difficulty buying family food (63.8%), and had received social assistance from the government in the form of cash (57.4%). The consumption patterns for staple foods, where rice is still consumed by 99.6 percent of households, for the most consumed sources of protein, are fish (78.4%) and eggs (70.6%). Under-five children who did not access health services when sick were 46.7% for reason that they were not seriously ill so they did not need treatment (75.3%) and 17.9% did not or delaying the provision of basic immunization because of forgetting (18.2). Posyandu is the most visited health facility for basic immunization services and growth monitoring. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, social assistance, consumption patterns ABSTRAK Penerapan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang berimplikasi terhadap pembatasan aktivitas masyarakat, termasuk aktivitas ekonomi, aktivitas pendidikan, dan aktivitas sosial lainnya. Pembatasan aktivitas ini berdampak pada menurunnya kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat rentan seperti petani,nelayan,buruh lainnya yang tidak berpenghasilan tetap. Oleh sebab itu, pemerintah, baik di tingkat pusat maupun daerah, mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan untuk menanggulangi penyebaran COVID-19 serta kebijakan yang bersifat penanggulangan dampak sosial dan ekonomi akibat pandemi ini. Tujuan analisis ini untuk melihat dampak dari pandemi COVID-19 pada keluarga petani/nelayan/buruh yang mempunyai anak balita . menggunakan sumber data Survey Determinan Status Gizi (SDSG) 2020. Metode analisis adalah deskriptif analitik. Jumlah responden yang dianalisis sebanyak 6866 rumah tangga dengan pekerjaan kepala keluarga sebagai petani/nelayan/buruh. Selama pandemi COVID-19 kepala keluarga menyatakan kurang mampu secara ekonomi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga (60,7%), pendapat yang lebih sedikit (80,9%), lebih sulit untuk membeli bahan pangan keluarga (63,8%), pernah menerima bantuan sosial dari pemerintah berupa uang tunai (57,4%). Pola konsumsi makanan pokok rumah tangga adalah beras (99,6 persen), untuk sumber protein yang paling banyak dikonsumsi yaitu ikan (78,4%) dan telur (70,6%). Balita yang tidak mengakses ke pelayanan kesehatan ketika sakit46,7 persen dengan alasantidak sakit parah sehingga tidak perlu berobat (75,3%)ak/menunda pemberian imunisasi dasar 17,9 persen dengan alasan lupa (18,2%). Posyandu merupakan fasilitas kesehatan yang paling banyak dikunjungi untuk mendapatkan layanan imunisasi dasar dan pemantauan pertumbuhan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):11-22]
FAKTOR SOSIODEMOGRAFI YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN OVERWEIGHT DAN OBESITAS PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA, PERBANDINGAN PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN Rika Rachmawati; Salimar Salimar; Sudikno Sudikno; Irlina Raswanti Irawan; Yunita Diana Sari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): PGM VOL 45 NO 1 TAHUN 2022
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v45i1.6048

Abstract

ABSTRACT Overweight and obesity in children under five in Indonesia are still public health problems that can cause health problems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in children under five in Indonesia, based on urban and rural areas. We conducted data analysis of the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas). The study design was cross-sectional. A total of 52,467 children aged 0-59 months met the research inclusion criteria from all provinces in Indonesia. A multiple logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) adjusted for all variables, namely age, gender, place of residence, stunting status, birth weight, birth length, children weighed every month, education level of father and mother, working status father and mother, father and mother BMI to determine factors associated with overweight and obesity in children under five in Indonesia. The results showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children under five did not differ significantly between urban and rural areas. Children under five who are stunted, have high birth weight, do not regularly weigh themselves every month, and mothers and/or fathers are overweight or obese, can increase the risk of overweight and obesity in children under five in urban and rural areas. Community interventions are needed to promote nutrition and health practices for mothers and children, both in urban and rural areas, to prevent and reduce short-term and long-term complications due to overweight and obesity in children under five. Keywords: overweight, obesity, under-five children, urban and rural ABSTRAK Overweight dan obesitas pada anak balita di Indonesia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko yang berkaitan dengan overweight dan obesitas pada anak balita di Indonesia, berdasarkan wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Kami melakukan analisis data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Sebanyak 52.467 anak usia 0-59 bulan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Model regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk menghitung rasio odds (OR) yang disesuaikan dengan semua variable yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, status stunting, berat lahir, panjang lahir, anak ditimbang berat badan setiap bulan, tingkat pendidikan ayah dan ibu, status bekerja ayah dan ibu, IMT ayah dan ibu untuk menentukan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas pada balita di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi overweight dan obesitas pada anak balita tidak berbeda secara signifikan antara daerah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Anak balita yang stunting, berat lahir yang tinggi, tidak rutin menimbang berat badan setiap bulan, ibu dan atau ayah mengalami overweight atau obesitas, dapat meningkatkan risiko overweight dan obesitas pada anak balita di daerah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Intervensi di komunitas diperlukan untuk mempromosikan praktik gizi dan kesehatan pada ibu dan anak, baik di perkotaan maupun di perdesaan, sebagai upaya untuk mencegah dan mengurangi komplikasi jangka pendek dan jangka panjang akibat overweight dan obesitas pada anak balita. [Penel Gizi Makan 2022, 45(1):23-34]

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