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Journal Of Pharmacy
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30898587     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal Scope : 1. Pharmacology and Toxicology 2. Pharmacokinetics 3. Community and Clinical Pharmacy 4. Pharmaceutical Chemistry 5. Pharmaceutical Biology 6. Pharmaceutics 7. Pharmaceutical Technology 8. Biopharmaceutics 9. Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology 10. Alternative medicines
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 42 Documents
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Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis (L).) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Penyebab Jerawat Staphylococcus epidermidis Fitratul wahyuni; Dhea Frediriva Anuar; Nawwar Irfan; Efilia Meirita; Reza Laila Najmi; Najmi Hilaliyati; Izza Aulia Rizqika Nasution
The Journal Of Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Journal Of Pharmacy UMRI
Publisher : LPPM, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

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Abstract

Acne (Acne vulgaris) is a skin condition frequently caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis. Sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis (L.)) is an agricultural waste product with potential as a natural antibacterial agent due to its content of various secondary metabolites. This study aimed to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of sweet orange peel against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The study employed the maceration method using 70% ethanol as the solvent. Standardization was conducted through specific and non-specific parameter tests. The MIC was determined using the broth dilution method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at concentrations of 6%, 7%, 8%, and 9%, while the MBC was determined using the subculture method on Nutrient Agar medium. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The results showed that the crude drug material (simplicia) and the extract tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Values ​​for loss on drying and total ash content met quality requirements (<10%). Both MIC and MBC values ​​were observed at a concentration of 9%. The average inhibition zone diameters at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% were 10.01 mm, 13.96 mm, and 18.06 mm, respectively, indicating strong inhibitory activity. It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis (L.)) possesses strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and has the potential to be developed as a natural agent for acne treatment.
Antipiretic Activity Test of Papaya Leaf Ethanol Extract (Carica Papaya L.) on Male White Mice (Mus Musculus) Rialita Lifiani; Nurdina Putri; Nurul Adzkia Ghearizky; Nawwar Irfan; Muhammad Ridho Bahar
The Journal Of Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Journal Of Pharmacy UMRI
Publisher : LPPM, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

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Abstract

Fever is a condition characterized by an increase in body temperature above normal levels due to infection or inflammatory processes. The use of synthetic antipyretic drugs may cause adverse effects, necessitating alternative treatments derived from natural sources. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) contain secondary metabolites that are suspected to have antipyretic activity. This study aimed to determine the antipyretic activity of papaya leaf ethanol extract and the most effective dose in male white mice (Mus musculus). This experimental study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) involving 25 male white mice divided into five groups: negative control receiving 1% Na-CMC, positive control receiving ibuprofen 52 mg/kgBW, and treatment groups receiving papaya leaf ethanol extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW. Fever was induced subcutaneously using a 40% bread yeast suspension. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Post Hoc test. The results showed that the extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins and was able to reduce body temperature at all tested doses. The 400 mg/kgBW dose showed the best antipyretic activity and was not significantly different from ibuprofen. In conclusion, papaya leaf ethanol extract has antipyretic activity, with 400 mg/kgBW being the most effective dose.

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