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Bionature
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 14114720     EISSN : 26545160     DOI : 10.35580
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Bionature is a journal that contains writings based on the results of research, conceptual ideas, studies, and the implementation of the theory in the field of biology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 80 Documents
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Antioxidant Activities and Bioactive Compound in The Extract of Lobophytum sp. A. Mu’nisa
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This study is a descriptive exploratory research that aims to know the activity of soft coral Lobophytum sp. extractas an antioxidant. Sample extraction was done by maceration using methanol. Viscous extract obtained was thenpartitioned using n-hexane until gained methanol and n-hexane fraction. The chemical compositions of themethanol extract of Lobophytum sp were investigated using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The yieldresult of soft coral Lobophytum sp. extract is 2,59%. The weight of extract partition result were methanol fraction8,76 g and n-hexane fraction 1,02 g. Antioxidant activity test using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)assay. Ascorbic acid was also used as positive antioxidant control. The percentage of inhibition and IC50 weremeasured. Antioxidant activity test which gains the best antioxidant activity is methanol fraction then followed byn-hexane fraction, both showed DPPH free radical 50% can be inhibited the activity with IC50 rate in a sequence16,93 ppm and 30,93 ppm. GC-MS analysis, 50 kinds of chemical composition are identified in the Lobophytumsp. The results showed that the soft coral extracts of Lobophytum sp. has antioxidant activity.
The Effect of the Addition of Mealworm Frass (Tenebrio molitor) and Molasses on the Increasing of the Proximate Value of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Mentari Jelita Putri; Oslan Jumadi; Andi Faridah Arsal; Halifah Pagarra; Rachmawaty; Andi Asmawati; Alimuddin Ali; Abd. Muis; Muhammad Junda; Yasser Abd. Djawad
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of mealworm frass and molasses on the proximate value ofwhite oyster mushrooms. This type of research was an experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD)consisting of four treatments with three replications each. Test parameters include water content, ash content, crudeprotein, crude fat and crude fiber. Proximate data on water content, ash content, crude protein, crude fat and crudefiber were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's follow-up test with a 95% confidence level.The results showed that treatment with frass and frass molasses had an effect on water content, ash content, crudeprotein, crude fat, and a decrease in fiber content. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of mealwormfrass and molasses affects the proximate value of the resulting oyster mushrooms.
Vegetative Growth Response of Corn (Zea mays) to Actinomycetes, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Yusminah Hala; A. Irma Suryani; Octavia Cisiliana Devi
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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This research is an experimental study that aims to determine the effect of the application of N2-fixing bacteriaActinomycetes, Azospirillum, and Azotobacter on the vegetative growth parameters of corn plants and on thenitrogen content of corn plants. Parameters for measuring the growth of corn plants include: formation rate ofradicle length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, fresh weight of plants, fresh weight of plant roots, dryweight of plants, dry weight of plant roots, total N content in plants, as well as physical and chemical qualities ofthe ground. Experiments on the application of N2 -fixing bacteria on corn plants on a laboratory scale were carriedout to determine the in vitro effect of microbes on corn seeds. The pot test was carried out to determine the effectof N2-fixing bacteria on the vegetative growth of corn plants in vivo. Data were analyzed using ANOVA withDuncan's test. The results showed that corn plants inoculated with Actinomycetes, Azospirillum and Azotobactershowed a significant different growth from corn plants without nitrogen fixing bacteria, namely formation rate ofradicle length, plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, fresh weight, dry weight, total N content (%) of crops,and soil physical and chemical quality. It can be concluded that the inoculation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in cornplants has a significant effect on plant vegetative growth parameters and plant nitrogen content.
Identification and Description of Aquatic Oligochaeta in Sanggau City Canal West Kalimantan Galuh Ramadhanti; Erwinda
Bionature Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

The canal, which is located in the center of Sanggau City, West Kalimantan, is a channel for water to flow directlyinto the Kapuas River. The dense activity of the surrounding community has caused indications of contaminationof this canal by organic and inorganic materials. Pollutants enter continuously and accumulate, thereby changingthe structure of the substrate which becomes a habitat for benthic fauna such as aquatic Oligochaeta. This studyaims to identify and describe the types of aquatic Oligochaeta found in the canals of Sanggau City. This researchwas conducted in August-September 2020 using a purposive sampling technique. Sampling locations were carriedout at five stations consisting of Tanjung Sekayam Village, Ilir Kota Village, Beringin Village and Bunut Village.The Sanggau City Canal has a depth ranging from 0. 24 m – 1 m with water brightness 0.14 m – 0.24 m. The canalwhich is a lotic water also has a current velocity range of 0.04 m/s – 0.40 m/s with a temperature of 27°C – 29°Cand pH 6.0 – 6.7. Dissolved oxygen in the canals of Sanggau City which plays an important role in the survival ofaquatic Oligochaeta is obtained 3.0 mg/l – 5.8 mg/l, and C-Organic 0.05% - 3.82%. The substrate in the canal ofSanggau City is composed of 23.31% - 95.31% sand, 4.69% - 57.49% silt and 0.00% - 19.20% clay.Each samplingstation consists of three repetition points. Based on the results of research conducted on five canals in SanggauCity, aquatic Oligochaeta were found consisting of 1 order, 1 family, 2 genera and 3 species with a total of 1367individual aquatic Oligochaeta. The identified aquatic Oligochaeta species consisted of B. sowerbyi, L.claparedeianus, and L. hoffmeisteri.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Sterol dari Ekstrak n-heksana Daun Meniran Hijau Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) Muharram; Nur Jannah B.
Bionature Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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One of the secondary metabolite, namely a sterol had been iosolated from the n-hexane extract of Phyllanthus niruri L leaves. This compound was obtained by isolation that consist of extaction, fractionation, purification, and identification. The identification covers the melting point test, thin layer chromatography and Liebermann-Burchard test. The research results show that the compound is white needle crystal with the malting point 120-122⁰C and positive with Lieberman-Burchard reagens that give blue-green coulor. This compound have not yet been established, because it must be evaluated by spectroscopy methods.
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Tumbuhan Mangrove (Avicennia spp.) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophyla Darminto; Alimuddin Ali; Iwan Dini
Bionature Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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The aim of this research is to show the potential of tree bark of mangrove (Avicennia sp.) plant asantibacterial to against Aeromonas hydrophyla. This bacterium causes fishery cultivation disease e.g. theMAS (Motile Aeromonads Septicemia). Antibacterial activity test was done using paper diffusion and dilution methods. The research result showed that extract of tree bark of mangrove (Avicennia sp.) plant having potency as antibacterial particularly to the A. hydrophyla.
Komparasi Enzim Kitinase dari Beauveria bassiana galur Lokal Sulawesi Selatan terhadap Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura) Rachmawaty
Bionature Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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This study aims to determine the enzyme activity of chitinase B. bassiana strain found in South Sulawesi. Knowing the relationship between the activity of chitinase enzyme isolate-isolate B.bassiana strain in South Sulawesi with mortality grayak caterpillar (Spodoptera litura). This descriptive research by linking the enzyme activity of chitinase from Beauveria bassiana strain local South Sulawesi on mortality grayak caterpillar larvae (Spodoptera litura). Based on the research that has been done shows that the activity of the enzyme from South Sulawesi B.bassiana local strains showed differences in each isolate, isolates the origin Enrekang 7.15 units / ml, isolate origin Bantaeng 7.12 units / ml, 6.32 units of isolate origin Pinrang / mi and isolate the origin of Maros 6.2 units / ml. There is a relationship between enzyme activity with mortality rates of larvae of Spodoptera litura. The highest mortality is caused by the isolate origin Enrekang 86%, followed by the isolate origin Bantaeng 83%, 76% Pinrang origin isolates and isolate the origin of Maros 73%.
Uji Bioaktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kayu Akar Bayur (Pterospermum subpeltatum C.B.Rob) Pince Salempa; Alfian Noor; Nunuk Hariani; Tjodi Harlim
Bionature Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Pterospermum subpeltatum C.B. Rob or bayur is traditionally and widely used as medicine for infection diseases caused by bacteria. Four extract from root stem of this plant were evaluated for their antibacterial activity properties against Escherichia coli, Shigella boydii, staphylococcus aureus danStreptococcus mutan. All the extract were able to inhibited the bacterial strain except Staphylococcus aureus. Chloroform extract exhibited effect for Shigella boydii and Streptococcus mutan. Hexana extract for Escherichia coli, while methanol extract for Shigella boydii. All extract showed an effect at the same extend (MIC; 50 mg/ml).
Laju Pertumbuhan Jamur Rhizopus sp. pada Tempe Kacang Hijau (Phaseolus radiatus L.) Halifah Pagarra
Bionature Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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This research was a descriptive study, which aims to determine the rate of growth of the fungus Rhizopus sp. the green bean tempe. This research was conducted by growing the fungus on PDA medium using fungus inoculum of 1 gram of green beans with tempeh making dilutions, starting from the dilutions 10-2, 10-3and 10-4are plated on a petri dish of 0.1 mL and incubated for 24 hours. Variation of time of fermentation used without fermentation (0 h), 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, 48 hours, 60 hours and 72 hours for each serial dilution. The number of fungi indirectly calculated using the count method bowls. The results of this study indicate that optimum growth is shown in 36 hours fermentation time with the number of colonies on the 10-2dilution of 69 colonies (6.9 x 103 colonies / g) and 10-3dilutions of the 27 colonies. While the 10-4dilution only at the time of fermentation 36, 48 and 60 hours of growth of 2 colonies and each colony 1. The longer the fermentation time decreased the amount of mushrooms.
Pengaruh Bahan Pengikat terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Organoleptik Produk Nugget Tempe Hartati; A. Faridah Arsal; Rachmawaty
Bionature Vol. 10 No. 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

The diversification limitation of exploiting tempe as an alternative nugget raw materials, substitution of meat and fish, and also to optimalize the very abundance resource, so it is necessary to do the right processing to the alternative food resource, which meant to give an additional point. Produce a liked product, also the adjustment of technology, and the cost that reached by the society. The aim of this reseach is to know the kind of glue material which can produce nugget tempe with the best chemical and organoleptic propertics. This research consit of 4 treatment; A1 (tempe nugget from bread powder), A2 (tempe nugget from tapioca), A3 (tempe nugget from sagu), A4 (tempe nugget maizena powder). Water convcentration analyse using oven method. Product was tested by organoleptic test (taste, smell, and tecsture). The result on water concentration analyse, that the smallest water concentration shown by A2 about 161,55% between from treatment A1 abaout 191,75%, A3 abaout 180,02% and A4 182, 45%. The result on organoleptic the teste of A1 product is the most like (75 %) between A2, A3 and A4 treatment. The smell of A2, A3 and A4 is the must like (67 %). And the best tecsture is all treatment.The result of this research is expected to give benefit in supporting the effort saking the alternative nugget glue material by using tempe which owning a high nutrition value. This research it is expected to find a kind if nugget tempe with the good glue, good taste and high nutrition value.

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