Jurnal Teknokes
Aims JURNAL TEKNOKES aims to become a forum for publicizing ideas and thoughts on health science and engineering in the form of research and review articles from academics, analysts, practitioners, and those interested in providing literature on biomedical engineering in all aspects. Scope: 1. Medical Electronics Technology and Biomedical Engineering: Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Artificial intelligence in biomedical imaging, Machine learning, and Pattern Recognition in a biomedical signal, Medical Diagnostic Instrumentation, Laboratorium Instrumentation, Medical Calibrator Design, Intelligent Systems, Neural Networks, Machine Learning, Fuzzy Systems, Digital Signal Processing, Image Processing, prosthetics, orthotics, rehabilitation sciences, Mobility Assistive Technology (MAT), Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the prosthetics and orthotics field, Breast Imaging, Cardiovascular Imaging, Chest Radiology, Computed Tomography, Diagnostic Imaging, Gastrointestinal Imaging, Genitourinary, Radiology, Head & Neck, Imaging Sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Radiology, Neuroimaging and Head & Neck, Neuro-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Pediatric Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography, Radiation Oncology, Ultrasound, X-ray Radiography, etc. 2. Medical Laboratory Technology: Hematology and clinical chemistry departments, microbiology section of the laboratory, parasitology, bacteriology, virology, hematology, clinical chemistry, toxicology, food and beverage chemistry. 3. Environmental Health Science, Engineering and Technology: Papers focus on design, development of engineering methods, management, governmental policies, and societal impacts of wastewater collection and treatment; the fate and transport of contaminants on watersheds, in surface waters, in groundwater, in soil, and in the atmosphere; environmental biology, microbiology, chemistry, fluid mechanics, and physical processes that control natural concentrations and dispersion of wastes in air, water, and soil; nonpoint-source pollution on watersheds, in streams, in groundwater, in lakes, and in estuaries and coastal areas; treatment, management, and control of hazardous wastes; control and monitoring of air pollution and acid deposition; airshed management; and design and management of solid waste facilities, detection of micropollutants, nanoparticles and microplastic, antimicrobial resistance, greenhouse gas mitigation technologies, novel disinfection methods, zero or minimal liquid discharge technologies, biofuel production, advanced water analytics 4. Health Information System and Technology The journal presents and discusses hot subjects including but not limited to patient safety, patient empowerment, disease surveillance and management, e-health and issues concerning data security, privacy, reliability and management, data mining and knowledge exchange as well as health prevention. The journal also addresses the medical, financial, social, educational, and safety aspects of health technologies as well as health technology assessment and management, including issues such as security, efficacy, the cost in comparison to the benefit, as well as social, legal, and ethical implications. This journal also discussed Intelligent Biomedical Informatics, Computer-aided medical decision support systems using a heuristic, Educational computer-based programs pertaining to medical informatics.
Articles
88 Documents
<![CDATA[Exploring Digital Filters for Cardiac Monitoring: A Focus on Carotid Pulse and Phonocardiogram Signals ]]>
<![CDATA[Ramadhan, Bahrurrizki]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulianto, Endro]]>;
<![CDATA[Luthfiyah, Sari]]>;
<![CDATA[Caesarendra, Wahyu]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 17 No. 1 (2024): March ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[Heart defect early detection and correct diagnosis have become important healthcare priorities. Tools for monitoring cardiac problems are constantly being developed, with the PCG (Phonocardiogram) and Cardiac Monitor via Carotid Pulse essential for heart evaluation. Although condenser microphones embedded in electric stethoscopes have been used in past research as PCG sensors, more advancements are still required to reduce received noise. This study investigates how well a Chebyshev type-II digital filter works to reduce noise on the cardiac monitor using PCG and carotid pulse. The PCG sensor is the GY-MAX 9814 module, which is interfaced with an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Matlab, Visual Studio (used as a graph viewer), and Doppler Simulator (used as a phantom cardiac signal) are used. SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) is used in the analysis to assess the effectiveness of two digital filter orders. The average SNR value for the Doppler Simulator is 0.001404 dB at order 2, however, it climbs dramatically to 18.60023 dB at level 4 according to the results of the SNR analysis. The average SNR value in human signals is 11.50718 dB before the filter, 0.001404 dB after the post-order 2 filter, and 12.0009 dB after the post-order 4 filter. According to the results, the digital filter of order 4 is more effective in reducing noise. This study highlights the possibility of an order 4 digital filter to improve the Cardiac Monitor through PCG and Carotid Pulse. Through enhanced signal quality, the creation of this gadget holds the potential for streamlining the identification of cardiac problems. Future developments in this technology could lead to more precise and trustworthy cardiac exams, which would help with early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular health.]]>
<![CDATA[Enhancing Accuracy in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Counting on Acid-Fast Bacteria Sputum through Microscope Camera and Image Processing with Thresholding Method ]]>
<![CDATA[Sholichuddin, Achmad Agus]]>;
<![CDATA[T.P., M. Prastawa Assalim]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 17 No. 1 (2024): March ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious illness. Pulmonary TB is still a global threat and concern. Currently, TB is among the top 10 causes of death in the world in 2015 and it is estimated that there are around 10.4 million new cases of TB in the world. 6 countries account for around 60% of new cases in the world: India, Indonesia, China, Nigeria, Pakistan, and South Africa. Globally, the TB death rate was around 22% of total world deaths from 2000 to 2015. This study introduces an innovative tool, the "Microscope Camera for Enhanced Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Counting in Acid-Fast Bacteria Sputum through Image Processing with Thresholding Method," designed to revolutionize the examination of tuberculosis (TB) samples. In response to the global threat of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, the tool employs a state-of-the-art CMOS-HD (Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor High Definition) camera module and leverages the Python application for efficient image processing. The primary objective is to address the limitations faced by conventional diagnostic methods, particularly the challenges associated with the Rapid Molecular Test Method due to its dependence on expensive equipment, thereby making it less feasible for implementation in resource-constrained public health centers. The study underscores the persistent threat of TB as a global health concern, emphasizing its prevalence, with approximately 10.4 million new cases worldwide. Focusing on Ziehl-Neelsen stain sputum samples, the research seeks to elevate the accuracy of TB diagnosis by proposing a streamlined approach. This involves integrating a digital microscope system with a CMOS-HD camera module and utilizing advanced image processing techniques, specifically the Python Thresholding method. In the methodology, the research outlines a comprehensive data collection and analysis process. Mechanical and block diagrams illustrate the design of the module, while the system flow diagram elucidates the sequence of steps involved in TB sample analysis. The data analysis section employs metrics such as average, percentage error, and success percentage, providing a quantitative assessment of the system's performance. The results reveal an encouraging average system accuracy of 85.30%, demonstrating the potential of the developed tool to enhance the diagnostic process. However, the study transparently acknowledges areas for improvement, particularly in addressing discrepancies between manual and system calculations. The conclusion emphasizes the tool's promising role in assisting healthcare workers in detecting and counting TB bacteria in sputum, underscoring the need for ongoing refinements to achieve a definitive 100% accuracy and eliminate the possibility of misdiagnoses.]]>
<![CDATA[Monitoring the Occurrence of Alarms in Internet of Things-Based HFNC With Analysis of Signal Increases Before Blockages Error ]]>
<![CDATA[Widyaningtyas, Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mak’ruf, Muhammad Ridha]]>;
<![CDATA[Pudji, Andjar]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): June ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[HFNC must be closely monitored by nurses to increase the flow rate when the patient's condition worsens. The monitoring occurs every hour to assess the results of HFNC administration. If the patient's condition persists, the flow given to HFNC will be increased. Thus, careful monitoring is essential during oxygen therapy with HFNC to ensure the patient's oxygen dose remains consistent. Despite debates about aerosol side effects, HFNC has proven effective in increasing blood oxygen levels and improving lung performance. This study aims to analyze HFNC errors leading to decreased flow. The research employs a temperature setting of 34ºC and a flow setting of 30-60 LPM. Under a flow setting of 30 LPM, the average pressure value before the error is 0 in process 2, and after the error, it remains 0, indicating a Blockage error as notified by IoT. Similarly, under the same flow setting, the average pressure value before the error is 0 in process 1, and after the error, it remains 0, indicating a leaking error based on the IoT notification and tool condition. The study reveals an average error of 3.8 for Blockage and 1.5 for Leaking conditions. Future research could explore developments such as employing a more sensitive pressure sensor, like the MPX5010DP, and incorporating batteries to enhance the module's portability without the need for a voltage source.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparative in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) Extract and Conventional Antibiotics Against Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ]]>
<![CDATA[Isramilda, Isramilda]]>;
<![CDATA[Andi Ipaljri]]>;
<![CDATA[Kinanthi Amalia Putri]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[The increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli poses a significant challenge to public health, as the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin continues to decline due to the emergence of resistant E. coli strains. This study aims to evaluate red ginger extract's in vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and determine the optimal concentration for bacterial inhibition. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of red ginger extract with concentrations of 60%, 80% and 100% on the growth of Escherichia coli. Research method using a laboratory-based experimental study was conducted using red ginger extract prepared via ethanol maceration at concentrations of 60%, 80%, and 100%. The extract's antibacterial activity against E. coli was evaluated using the disc diffusion method following CLSI guidelines, with ciprofloxacin (500 mg) as a positive control and 95% ethanol as a negative control. Each treatment was replicated five times. Inhibition zones were measured after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. The results of the study show that red ginger extract demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against E. coli, with mean inhibition zones of 6.08 ± 0.98 mm, 6.48 ± 1.21 mm, and 5.20 ± 1.89 mm for 60%, 80%, and 100% concentrations, respectively. The 80% concentration showed optimal inhibition activity, while the higher concentration (100%) demonstrated reduced effectiveness. Statistical analysis confirmed significant treatment differences (p < .001, η² = 0.967). The positive control produced significantly larger inhibition zones (23.16 ± 1.67 mm, p < .05). This study concludes that red ginger extract exhibits moderate antibacterial activity against E. coli in vitro, with 80% concentration showing optimal efficacy. These findings suggest potential applications in developing natural antimicrobial agents, although further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of action and evaluate clinical applications.]]>
<![CDATA[Early Detection of Biliary Atresia through Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging: A Retrospective Analysis of Key Diagnostic Features ]]>
<![CDATA[Violetta, Lenny]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurhayati, Dian]]>;
<![CDATA[Elmanar, Ryan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibroinflammatory obstruction of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, accounting for approximately 25–30% of neonatal cholestasis cases worldwide. Delayed diagnosis significantly increases the risk of liver failure and the need for transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of specific ultrasonographic parameters triangular cord sign, hepatic artery to portal vein (HAD/PV) ratio, and hepatic subcapsular flow (HSF) in the early detection of BA. A retrospective observational analytic study was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, involving 82 neonates with cholestasis between January 2019 and December 2023. Ultrasound images acquired using the GE LOGIQ Series E9 XDClear 2.0 were reviewed by blinded pediatric radiology consultants via the HOROS DICOM viewer. Statistical analysis revealed that both the triangular cord sign (p = 0.024; OR = 3.158) and hepatic subcapsular flow (p = 0.003; OR = 5.635) showed significant association with BA, while the HAD/PV ratio did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.087). Triangular cord sign and hepatic subcapsular flow are reliable sonographic markers that support early diagnosis of biliary atresia, whereas the HAD/PV ratio showed limited diagnostic relevance in this cohort. These findings reinforce the utility of non-invasive ultrasound imaging in differentiating BA from other causes of neonatal cholestasis. Incorporating these parameters into routine neonatal screening protocols may facilitate earlier surgical intervention and improve long-term outcomes]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Using Analog Grid and Virtual Grid in Thoracic Radiography Examination ]]>
<![CDATA[Mahanani, Ayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Anshor Nugroho]]>;
<![CDATA[Arnefia Mei Yusnida]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[Chest radiography is essential for diagnosing thoracic abnormalities, but scattered radiation often reduces image contrast and diagnostic accuracy. Conventional analog grids mitigate scatter yet increase patient dose, while virtual grids offer digital correction with potentially lower radiation exposure. This study aimed to compare image quality and radiation efficiency between analog and virtual grids in thoracic radiography, contributing empirical evidence on the feasibility of adopting virtual grids as safer and more efficient alternatives. Three imaging protocols (Analog Grid, Virtual Grid 1, and Virtual Grid 2) were compared using identical exposure parameters on a phantom. Image quality was evaluated both objectively and subjectively. Results showed that Virtual Grid 2 achieved the highest score (4.47), slightly outperforming the Analog Grid (4.20) despite using lower radiation, while Virtual Grid 1 scored the lowest. ANOVA confirmed significant differences among the three methods, though the t-test between Analog Grid and Virtual Grid 2 showed no significant difference. A moderate negative correlation indicated that a reduced dose does not always compromise image quality when supported by advanced processing. In conclusion, Virtual Grid 2 demonstrates strong potential as a reliable alternative to analog grids, enabling excellent image quality with minimal radiation and supporting safer radiographic practices.]]>
<![CDATA[SERAYA: A Mobile App for Mental Health with Personalized Self-Healing Recommendations Based on Psychological Assessment ]]>
<![CDATA[Enggi Wira Praja Putri Taufani]]>;
<![CDATA[Umar Zaky]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[Mental health disorders are a crucial public health issue in Indonesia, as reflected in the 2023 National Health Survey (SKI), which reported that 2.0% of the population aged ≥15 years old were diagnosed with mental health problems, and approximately 20% of the 250 million people experiencing mental health problems do not yet have access to adequate services. Although many previous studies have developed digital applications, such as “Serenity” and “CERDAS” in Indonesia for psychological assessment using instruments such as the DASS-21, these applications only provide general recommendations and do not provide personalized self-healing guidance. To address this gap, this study developed and tested “SERAYA”, a mobile application designed not only to assess mental health levels but also to provide self-healing recommendations. This application integrates two standard instruments, the DASS-21 and the PSS-10, to measure depression, anxiety, stress, and perceived stress. A rule-based expert system using forward chaining processes the assessment scores; for example, “IF DASS-21 depression score ≥ 28 THEN recommendation = ‘CBT Therapy’”. Based on this score, the system generates specific recommendations or direct referrals to mental health professionals for severe cases. SERAYA's functionality was verified through successful black-box testing. Initial usability assessments using the System Usability Scale (SUS) with 11 respondents yielded an average score of 80.68, indicating good usability and ease of learning for early users. While these initial results are encouraging, they are derived from a limited, non-clinical sample and cannot be generalized to the entire Indonesian population. Overall, this study demonstrates that “SERAYA” serves as a viable proof-of-concept for providing personalized early mental health support and illustrates the potential of rule-based systems in digital health applications. Future research should focus on larger-scale validation, clinical integration for professional referrals, and the application of machine learning techniques to enable dynamic and tailored personalization.]]>
<![CDATA[Smart Screening Technology for Diabetes Risk: FFQ and FINDRISC Integration in a Digital Platform ]]>
<![CDATA[Setyawan, Yuswanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025): September ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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<![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing metabolic and autoimmune-related disease whose early onset is increasingly observed among young adults, including the university students in Indonesia. The existing screening models are either costly, invasive, or fail to integrate lifestyle data, leaving a gap for practical yet scalable solutions in this population. This study introduces a smart screening technology that combines the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) within a digital platform to capture both dietary patterns and individual risk factors. A cross-sectional design was applied to 110 undergraduates, chosen to reflect young adults most vulnerable to lifestyle-related DM risks. Data were collected entirely online to ensure feasibility and low-cost scalability in campus and public health programs. Multiple linear regression revealed that both individual factors (age, gender, BMI, physical activity, family history) and dietary patterns were significant predictors of DM risk (β = 0.312; β = 0.389; p < 0.001), explaining 37.4% of the variance. Compared to prior studies that relied solely on clinical or genetic markers, this integration highlights the added predictive value of dietary data in digital risk screening. With 70.9% of respondents at moderate and 25.5% at high risk, the findings underscore the urgent need for early intervention among Indonesian students. The proposed model offers practical applications through university health centers, mobile apps for student lifestyle monitoring, and peer-based preventive education. Future work should extend to biomarker validation and adaptive algorithms to enhance predictive accuracy and applicability across diverse populations.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect Of Time Variation and Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Concentration In The Sedimentation Method On Soil-Transmitted Helmints (STH) Examination ]]>
<![CDATA[Acivrida Mega Charisma]]>;
<![CDATA[Arina Wahyuningrum]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 4 (2025): Desember ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.35882/jteknokes.v18i4.119
<![CDATA[Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) remain a significant public health concern, particularly in regions with inadequate sanitation. While the sedimentation method is routinely employed for STH diagnosis, the effects of procedural variables such as incubation time and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration on recovery efficiency remain inadequately explored. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of variations in sedimentation time and NaCl concentration on the detection and morphological integrity of STH eggs in stool samples. This contributes to more reliable diagnostic results in laboratory settings, supports epidemiological surveillance, and enhances the accuracy of STH monitoring in endemic areas. A controlled experimental design was implemented, utilizing 48 treatment combinations that varied in NaCl concentration (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) and sedimentation duration (5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes). Stool samples naturally infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm were processed and examined microscopically for egg count, morphology, and sedimentation quality. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and differences among treatment groups were analyzed with the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by post-hoc pairwise comparisons. Results demonstrated that both NaCl concentration and sedimentation time significantly influenced egg recovery (p < 0.05), with 2% NaCl and 30 minutes yielding the highest recovery rate and optimal morphological preservation. Morphological assessment revealed that prolonged sedimentation (>40 minutes) resulted in noticeable egg deformation, potentially compromising identification accuracy. These findings highlight the critical importance of optimizing procedural parameters in routine STH diagnostics. Adjusting NaCl concentration and sedimentation time can enhance both quantitative recovery and qualitative morphological assessment, thereby improving diagnostic reliability in clinical and epidemiological settings. In conclusion, the study provides evidence-based recommendations for sedimentation protocols, bridging a methodological gap and offering practical guidance for parasitology laboratories aiming to enhance the accuracy of STH examinations.]]>
<![CDATA[Development of Madura Herbal Medicine Database System using Software Development Model of Fast Collaboration Competencies Model ]]>
<![CDATA[Yusuf, Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Kautsar Sophan, Moch]]>;
<![CDATA[Agustiono, Wahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Irhamni, Firli]]>;
<![CDATA[Syarief, Mohammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmanita, Eza]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknokes Vol. 18 No. 4 (2025): Desember ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.35882/jteknokes.v18i4.36
<![CDATA[Herbal medicine is an original Indonesian product made with natural ingredients. Furthermore, Madura also offers many herbal medicines, such as strong and healthy for men and women after giving birth, beauty and body maintenance, cold, smooth breast milk, and others. Various research and development projects worldwide on technology related to traditional or herbal medicine exist. However, a limited database contains data and information about Madura Herbal medicine. This research aims to develop the Madura Herbal Medicine Database System using the Fast Collaboration Competencies (FCC) to facilitate fast and collaborative teamwork as well as based on competencies. The FCC is a software development method that manages and collaborates across diverse skills, expertise, and competencies. The Madura Herbal Medicine database system was developed using a use case diagram, system architecture, and database design. After that, we created a mock-up or prototype. Then, we implemented the system using PHP Rad and a Decision Tree. Moreover, it provides a Madura Herbal Medicine Database system for research, marketing, and production mapping. The research result is a Madura herbal database system that contains herbal medicine data from Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. The Madura herbal database system is essential for buyers, producers, marketers, sales personnel, researchers, and other institutions to provide herbal medicine information and support decision-making. Those four cities are located in Madura. Those two websites have combined through a landing page and API. Therefore, two databases can access each other's data. The Madura Herbal Medicine system can apply Fuzzy KNN and Open data for herbal medicine in the future. ]]>
