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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 19, No. 4" : 9 Documents clear
Early Detection of Risk Factor for Suicidal Ideation Among Senior High School Students in Jakarta: Updated Measurement Yusuf, Nova R; Prasetyo, Sabarinah; Good, Byron J
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The key strategy to address suicide in adolescents is school-based suicidal prevention by adapting a screening instrument to the local culture and policymakers’ perception of suicide. This study aimed to develop an instrument for the early detection of risk for suicidal ideation and identify influential risk factors for suicidal ideation among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia. This study was conducted in 2018 with a mixed-method design (quantitative and qualitative approaches). It was found that 5% of students had suicidal ideation in July–November 2018, and 13.8% had a high-risk factor for suicidal ideation. The instrument developed in this study consisted of 16 items and had been proven valid and reliable for screening. Students with depression and those screened positive utilizing the developed instrument had 4.41 and 5.39 times the risk of developing suicidal ideation. A recommendation to the counseling teacher associations is to reduce suicidal stigma, encourage students to be open to talking about mental health issues, and prioritize adolescents at risk of suicide for further assessment.
Household Food Expenditure Typology and Its Association with Child Stunting and Anemia in Indonesia Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Yusnita, Yusnita; Ningsih, Winda M; Wulandari, Ririn Arminsih; Pujonarti, Siti A; Wirawan, Fadila
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Stunting and anemia remain the coexisting nutritional problems among Indonesian children. However, evidence of household-level food expenditure and its association with child stunting and anemia is limited. This study aimed to observe the association between household food expenditure typology and child stunting and anemia in Indonesia. Data was obtained from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). The household food expenditure, child nutritional status, and anemia were observed in 2007 and 2014. Latent class analysis was taken to identify the food expenditure pattern. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between household food expenditure patterns and stunting and anemia status. A total of 2,296 children from 2,158 households were included in the study. Household food expenditure was identified into (1) higher processed food, refined grain, and purchased meals; (2) higher fish, seafood, plant protein, vegetables, and beans; and (3) balanced food purchases. Households with Pattern 2 had lower odds of anemia in 12–59-month-olds than Pattern 3 (AOR 0.78, p-value = 0.03, 95% CI). Households with Pattern 2 were likely to have stunted 8–12-year-olds compared to households with Pattern 3 (AOR 1.37, p-value = 0.09, 95% CI). Household food expenditure types may affect children’s nutritional status.
Dietary Diversity as a Dominant Factor of Energy Intake Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Depok City, Indonesia Santoso, Cornelia Lugita; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Fikawati, Sandra; Wirawan, Fadila; Putri, Primasti Nuryandari; Shukri, Nurul Husna Mohd
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Maternal nutritional needs increase during lactation. However, the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers usually still falls short of the recommended adequacy levels. This study aimed to identify the dominant factor of energy intake in breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District, Depok City, Indonesia. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design from July 2022 to February 2023. Energy intake, dietary diversity, and eating frequency were collected using 24-hour food recall. Other variables were collected through interviews with structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression. A total of 217 breastfeeding mothers participated in this study. This study found that 78.3% of breastfeeding mothers had inadequate energy intake. Dietary diversity (p-value = 0.032) was the dominant factor associated with the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeeding mothers with non-diverse food consumption were at a 2.507 times higher risk of inadequate energy intake. Energy intake in breastfeeding mothers is related to the sustainability of breastfeeding. However, most breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District still have insufficient energy intake. Therefore, it is suggested that food supplementation for breastfeeding mothers should be included in promoting exclusive breastfeeding.
Assessment of Free Drinking Water Facilities and Its Potential Health Risks: A Study in the University X Lumbantobing, Indah Actry Zane; Wispriyono, Bambang; Kurniasari, Fitri; Fauzia, Sifa; Ayyasy, Muhammad Nur Ihsan; Haura, Alissa Siti; Labibah, Ghina; Akmal, Muhammad Abiyyu; Heryadi, Kirana Mahadewi; Alfianti, Firda; Fauziyah, Nuranida
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

University X offers free drinking water facilities. However, it has a significant problem in accessing safe drinking water. This study aimed to examine the microbial and chemical parameters of the free drinking water facilities at University X. The microbial quality was assessed by evaluating the total coliform bacteria, and the chemical parameter assessment, substances such as nitrate, iron, manganese, hexavalent chromium, and fluoride were analyzed across 12 water samples from various locations within the university. Among these, only total coliform and fluoride levels exceeded the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Indonesian Ministry of Health. An Environmental Health Risk Assessment was also conducted to discern potential health hazards among the 112 respondents. This study found no potential non-carcinogenic health risks associated with consuming water from the facilities. However, a sample in one location tested positive for total coliform, and the nitrate and manganese concentrations in another location did not meet the Indonesian Ministry of Health standards. The findings suggested that the free drinking water provided by University X is safe for consumption. Nonetheless, regular maintenance of the treatment facilities is needed to ensure that water quality remains suitable and clean.
Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection Among Health Workers Post-Vaccination in Jakarta Saputra, Rahmat; Prihartono, Nurhayati Adnan; Sudaryo, Mondastri Korib; Mahkota, Renti; Devita, Yeni; Arisanti, Ni Wayan Deisy
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

One of the best approaches to stop the COVID-19 pandemic is vaccination. In Indonesia, the first round of vaccinations was prioritized for health workers on January 14, 2021 (first dose) and March 1, 2021 (second dose). However, some health workers who have been vaccinated were found to be reinfected after receiving the second dose. This cross-sectional study examined the risk factors for COVID-19 infection among health workers after vaccination using secondary and primary data. The data analysis was carried out in univariate (examining the frequency distribution and proportion of independent variables), bivariate (Chi-square test to explore the relationship between independent and dependent variables), and multivariate (Logistic Regression to assess the strength of the relationship between independent and dependent variables). The results showed that the variables associated with post-vaccination infection included COVID19 infection history (PR: 2.16, p-value <0.05), age (PR: 0.64, p-value <0.05), hypertension (PR: 1.52, p-value <0.05), direct contact with patients (PR: 2.02, p-value <0.05). It is recommended that health workers aged >37 years with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or previous COVID-19 infection, working directly with patients, and using Personal Protective Equipment level 1 daily should be prioritized for booster vaccinations.
Home Births Among Ethnic Minority Communities in Bokeo Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic Wungrath, Jukkrit; Sriwongphan, Rungrasami; Kapheak, Krissana; Ritthimon, Wanchalerm
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Home births among ethnic minorities in developing countries pose significant risks to maternal and neonatal health. In Lao PDR, the government has taken steps to manage home births through training traditional birth attendants, improving transportation, and establishing referral systems. However, high home birth rates in regions like Bokeo remain concerning. This review emphasized the need for more skilled birth attendants and better access to emergency obstetric care in rural, ethnic minority areas. This review used 40 articles published between 2000 and 2023 and highlighted gaps in research regarding healthcare access, cultural practices, socioeconomic barriers, and the role of traditional birth attendants. Suggested strategies included scholarships for midwifery training, expanding telemedicine, enhancing emergency transport, and partnering with NGOs for culturally sensitive outreach. Although each strategy has limitations, collectively, they can improve maternal and newborn health outcomes and reduce home birth risks. Addressing cultural beliefs and preferences is essential to encourage healthcare use, and community engagement plays a key role in promoting safer birth practices while respecting traditions. A holistic approach combining skilled healthcare, cultural sensitivity, and accessible services is crucial to improving maternal and newborn care in ethnic minority communities in Lao PDR.
Economic Growth, Poverty Gap, and Health Inequality: Implications Based on Panel Analysis of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Data Han, Sangik
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
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This study investigated the impact of economic growth and income distribution on health inequality using data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Employing a panel analysis, this study amalgamated 21 years of data (spanning from 2000 to 2020) from 37 OECD countries. The dependent variables (life expectancy and avoidable mortality) were scrutinized against independent variables (gross domestic product and poverty gap). Control variables encompassed body mass index, consumption patterns, smoking rates, health workers availability, number of beds in health facilities, national medical expenses, and unemployment rates. This study revealed significant associations between economic growth, poverty gap, and both life expectancy and avoidable mortality. This underscored the necessity of prioritizing not only income distribution but also overall economic growth to address health inequality effectively. This study established that an increase in the poverty gap corresponded to elevated life expectancy and reduced avoidable mortality rates, suggesting a mechanism distinct from a medical security system targeting lower-income individuals or an enhancement of societal welfare. Proposing policy measures to alleviate health inequality, this study advocates for policy interventions to mitigate the adverse impacts of income inequality within healthcare policies.
Social Determinants of Neonatal Health Outcomes in Indonesia: A Multilevel Regression Analysis Soeharno, Rooswanti; Sjaaf, Amal Chalik
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
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Indonesia’s neonatal mortality rate remains alarmingly high. This study addressed the determinants of neonatal outcomes in Indonesia, including the effects of a decentralized health system, socioeconomic disparities, and geographic variations. The analysis used 2018 national survey data across 34 provinces, 513 cities/districts, and 300,000 households, with a sample of 73,864 women aged 10-54 years who have given birth in the preceding five years. The multilevel regression was used to assess the impact of social determinants and systemic inequalities on neonatal health. Key findings revealed a neonatal mortality rate that, despite being preventable in many cases, remained high with significant disparities. The final model, incorporating individual and community-level factors, reduced unexplained variance by 28% (PCV), with community factors explaining 16% of the variability (ICC 0.1600). The community-level risk variability also decreased, as shown by a reduction in the Median Odds Ratio from 2.43 to 2.13. These results highlighted the importance of targeting individual and community factors to reduce the risk of babies being born at risk. There is a critical need for targeted health policies and local-specific interventions to bridge the equity gap and improve neonatal health outcomes.
Telemedicine Adoption in Developing Economies: A Systematic Review on the Enablers and Barriers Macabato, Zaidbren; Velasco, Lemuel Clark; Escabarte, Art Brian; Poblete, Mae-Lanie Ong; Isla, Armando, Jr.; Cafino, Rentor; Aquino-Cafino, Sarah Lizette; Teofilo-Orencia, Frevy
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
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Telemedicine’s adoption has been effective in certain contexts despite being controversial in certain settings because of its tendency to cause misdiagnosis and concerns about data privacy. This study aimed to synthesize the research findings on the factors leading to the adoption of telemedicine among developing economies. The study utilized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology to analyze 27 related literature and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to map out the factors considered enablers and barriers in adopting telemedicine. Results showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions were significant predictors. However, the study also underscored that the lack of information and communications technology support, lack of resources, lack of organizational effectiveness, lack of quality care, lack of motivation, lack of trustworthiness, and lack of user satisfaction were predominant hindrances at both individual and organizational levels. This analysis on the enablers and barriers of telemedicine adoption hopes to contribute strategic recommendations that practitioners in public health, decision-makers in global health policy, technology developers, and future research may explore to expand the existing knowledge on the optimal adoption of telemedicine in developing economies.

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