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INDONESIA
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa
Published by Universitas Warmadewa
ISSN : 24069019     EISSN : 24430668     DOI : 10.22225
Core Subject : Education,
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa, 2406-9019 (Print ISSN), 2443-0668 (Electronic ISSN) is the Journal of Linguistics who published research articles and of theoretical articles in linguistic science which published by Linguistic Department, Postgraduated Program, Universitas Warmadewa. The journal is published twice a year every April and October published by Warmadewa Press. This journal encompasses original research articles, review articles, and short communications, including: Morphology Syntax Phonology Semantic Pragmatic Language Typology Discourse Analysis Translation Comparative Linguistics History Linguistic Anthropology Linguistic Ecology Applied Linguistic Language Learning
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 426 Documents
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English Teacher and Students' Experiences in Learning Loss at Upper Secondary School During Online Learning in Indonesia Devi Puspitasari; Evynurul Laily Zen; Yusnita Febrianti
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.3.2023.471-482

Abstract

Online learning due to the Covid-19 pandemic has been broadly regulated for the past two years in Indonesia. However, there is a limited exploration of the experiences of students and teachers in the English learning loss at upper secondary level students. Thus, this study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the English teacher and students' experiences in learning loss of online English field during the pandemic outbreak. A narrative inquiry was implied to express their voices. Online questionnaire to know students’ demographic background was employed. One English teacher and two third grade students shared their experiences through the narrative interview (NI). The findings showed that English teachers felt students' loss in English subjects rather than the previous cohort. Some students decreased their understanding and motivation in learning English and had to take remedial courses while missing the examination or assignments. Meanwhile, students mentioned they experienced difficulties in learning English through an online classroom. They felt they had degraded their English skills because they did not practice it at home. Moreover, they also lost interest and motivation to join the class and submit the assignments. Those factors initiated the loss in English learning for first-year secondary students.
An Analysis Speech Act of Apology Strategy Reflected in Little Women Movie Directed by Greta Gerwig Reza Ayu Amalia; Mujazin
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.3.2023.415-420

Abstract

Communication is an important aspect for humans to interact with each other. In communicating, humans do not escape mistakes, be it in the form of speech or in action. Therefore, humans need an apology strategy to correct the mistakes they have made in speech or actions. The purpose of this study is to examine the types of apology strategies and also the apology factors used by the characters in the film Little Women directed by Greta Gerwig. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data in this study are the apologies uttered by the characters in the Little Women film directed by Greta Gerwig. The source of the data in this study was taken from the film Little Women directed by Greta Gerwig and also the transcript of the film. Data was collected by downloading the film and film transcript, then the researcher examined it using Trosborg's theory to examine apology strategies and Fraser's theory to examine apology factors. The researcher found 5 types and 11 sub types of apology strategies according to Trosborg's theory used in conversation. in the film “Little Women” directed by Greta Gerwig. There are 5 types of apology factors, including the nature of the infraction, the severity of the infraction, the situation in which the infraction occurred, the relative familiarity between the interactants, the sex of the interactants. The researcher also found 8 types of apologies and 21 different sub-types of apology strategies according to Trosborg's theory.
Analysis of Correspondence Capabilities of Personnel Staff of Military Resort Command 044/Garuda Dempo Ayu Puspita Indah Sari; Rahmi Fadilla
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.10.2.2024.657-665

Abstract

Effective correspondence is essential for clear and professional communication, particularly in administrative settings. This study investigates the correspondence abilities of personnel staff at Military Resort Command 044/Garuda Dempo, focusing on common language errors and strategies for improvement. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, the research analyzed official letters and conducted interviews to gather comprehensive insights. The findings reveal that staff proficiency in correspondence is low, marked by frequent deviations from standard formats and ineffective sentence structures. These deficiencies are primarily attributed to a lack of formal training in official letter writing. To address these issues, the study recommends implementing targeted training programs, providing constructive feedback, using exemplary models of correspondence, conducting regular writing exercises, and leveraging supportive tools. These interventions aim to enhance the staff’s ability to produce clear and effective official communication
Semantic Language Skills in 2-Year-Old Children: A Case Study of Universal Substantive Acquisition at Kampung Baru Suryanti; Jefriyanto Saud; Azhariah Rachman; Muta'allim; Amiruddin
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.2.2023.203-210

Abstract

Language acquisition in early childhood is a crucial foundation in individual development as it is a critical period in which children rapidly and naturally learn language and communication. Speaking is a crucial language skill in everyday life. The act of speaking is closely related to language usage, and one example of this is the development of language abilities in 2-year-old children. This study aims to explore the semantic language acquisition in 2-year-old children at Kampung Baru. It is a qualitative descriptive study that focuses on the semantic language of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. This research is presented as an alternative strategy to enhance the intellectual development of children, especially at Kampung Baru, in their understanding of more complex language and communication in the future. The data source is the language used and the gestures by 2-year-old children at Kampung Baru. The data collection method employed in this study is participant observation with a semi-structured interview and complemented by recording, note-taking, and interviews. The researcher observed and recorded conversations of 2-year-old children and noted words related to the research objectives. Additionally, interviews were conducted with families of 2-year-old children at Kampung Baru during two months, specifically regarding nouns, verbs, and adjectives. The research findings indicate that 2-year-old children at Kampung Baru are capable of expressing and acquiring words accurately and in line with their intentions. They can differentiate between spoken words and actions. Furthermore, they demonstrate nonverbal language skills by expressing objects through gestures when referring to nouns, indicating actions when referring to verbs, and displaying attitudes and facial expressions when referring to adjectives.
Unveiling the Enigmatic Semiotics of Batak Culture in Missing Home Movie Fitria Aprilia; Wardah Zakiyah; Neisya
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.2.2023.282-297

Abstract

Culture is one of the lifestyles inherited from generation to generation. This research aims to unveil Batak Toba culture in Missing Home movie by using Barthes’ Semiotic theory since Batak Toba culture is very well-known for its diversity. Descriptive qualitative method through collecting data predominantly in the form of words, images, and other visual or textual representations was used since this research focused on social phenomena and its nature, provide a holistic description or action which was conveyed in the form of words and language for a special context. The object of the research was a movie released in 2022 namely Missing Home. Barthes’ semiotic theory (denotation, connotation and myth) was employed to analyzed the data. Semiotic can be in the form of songs, music notes, dialogue and body movements which in this research Barthes prioritizes 3 main pillars, namely denotation, connotation and myth. This research carried out several concepts with the aim of revealing Barthes' semiotic signs. The sign has been shown through images, dialog, scenes and the background of the movie. Based on the analysis, it was found that there were 7 scenes contained the semiotic meaning (denotation, connotation and myth) from Barthes’ semiotic theory. To conclude, this research can shed light on how cultural symbols, rituals, and traditions are portrayed, provide insights into how cultural elements are interpreted and represented in media, especially within the context of a specific movie.
Development of an Indonesian Language Learning Video for Grade VIII of Junior High School Negeri 2 Gunungsitoli Utara Hilda Natalia Hulu; Riana; Kesaktian Telaumbanua
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.3.2023.457-465

Abstract

Finding a workable, practical, and successful way to create instructional films for the Indonesian language at SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsitoli Utara based on persuasive text writing content is the goal of this research. Research and development encompasses this sort of study. The five-stage ADDIE paradigm is used for development; they are as follows: analysis, design, development, implementation (or execution), and evaluation. The Indonesian language learning film went through a rigorous testing process that included three separate groups of specialists (materialists, linguists, and design experts) and was piloted in eighth grade at SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsitoli Utara. Researchers found that material expert validators gave the video a 92% validity rating at revision II, language expert validators gave it a 100% validity rating, and design expert validators gave it a 95% feasibility rating, all in relation to the persuasive text writing material taught at SMP Negeri 2 Gunugsitoli Utara. The field test had a very practical category score of 96% and a small group test score of 93% for the learning video's practicality. With a classical completion percentage of 95%, the learning film has also been evaluated and shown to be quite successful. This study's findings suggest that the ADDIE-based instructional video for the Indonesian language at SMP Negeri 2 Gunugsitoli Utara has fulfilled all criteria and is ready for usage.
Development of Comic Learning Media in Class XI SMK Negeri 2 Botomuzoi Apriyanus Faahakho Dodo Harefa; Imansudi Zega; Riana
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.10.3.2024.794-802

Abstract

Teachers should demonstrate greater creativity in creating and enhancing instructional materials. But because SMK Negeri 2 Botomuzoi lacks the infrastructure and equipment expressly meant to promote Indonesian language instruction, teachers there continue to employ a restricted and repetitious amount of media. In order to ensure that the learning materials are reliable, useful, and efficient, this project will create comic-based learning materials for assessing the language and content of theater in the eleventh grade at SMK Negeri 2 Botomuzoi. This study uses the ADDIE model, which comprises the phases of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, as part of its research and development (R&D) methodology. Three specialists in material, language, and design evaluated the comic-based learning materials, which were then put to the test through product testing with TKJ students in the 11th grade at SMK Negeri 2 Botomuzoi. Thanks to validation scores of 97.5% from material experts, 100% from language experts, and 95% from design experts, the results show that the comic learning medium is both viable and legitimate. The learning media was rated as being very practical when it came to practicality; it received scores of 86.7% in solo testing, 94.2% in small group tests, and 93.9% in field tests. With a classical completion percentage of 96.3%, it was also proved that the learning media's effectiveness was very high. In conclusion, the ADDIE model was used to generate comic-based learning materials that analyze the language and content of drama in the 11th grade at SMK Negeri 2 Botomuzoi. These materials satisfy the required standards and may be used in the classroom.
Code Mixing and Code Switching in Maudy Ayunda’s YouTube Channel Dewi Purnama Sari; Maya Putri Hartanti
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.3.2023.373-383

Abstract

In the current era of globalization many people ability use more than one language, this phenomenon in sociolinguistics studies is called code mixing and code switching. In Indonesia there are many artists or actors who use code mixing and code switching in everyday their utterances. One of Indonesian artist who uses code mixing and code switching is Maudy Ayunda. In her YouTube video entitled Thoughts on Adulting, Thoughts on Gap Year, Thoughts on how English changed my life, Thoughts on Failures + GRWM!, she uses code mixing and code switching in Indonesian and English in her utterances. This aim of this research is finding the types of code mixing and code switching and the factor of using code mixing and code switching also finding any interference in Maudy Ayunda's utterances as the impact of code mixing and code switching usage. This research used descriptive qualitative research and the data were analyzed using the theory of Hoffmann. The result of this research indicated that there 176 data points from four video. There are three types of code mixing in Maudy Ayunda’s of four video YouTube channel which are accured including : Intra sentential mixing occurs 109 times, intra lexical 11 times, and involving change pronunciation occurs 14 times. Further, there are 3 types of code switching which are used by Maudy Ayunda such as: intra sentential switching occurs 68 times , inter sentential switching occurs 14 times and emblematic switching occurs 6 times. In each of the video intra sentential mixing is the most dominant used in Maudy's utterances.
Development of Interactive Multimedia for Indonesian Language Class VII SMPN 1 Gido Kesaktian Telaumbanua; Riana; Hilda Natalia Hulu
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.9.3.2023.466-470

Abstract

The aim of this study is to create legitimate, usable, and efficient interactive multimedia learning tools. Research and development describes this sort of study. One such model that is utilized is the 4D model. For the creation of a wide range of educational materials, the 4D development model is an invaluable tool. There are four steps to the 4D process: defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. Interactive multimedia learning materials in the form of apps were created and tested in class VII-B at SMP Negeri 1 Gido using a validity testing stage that involved three validators, small group tests, and field tests. Interactive multimedia learning media in the form of apps has been validated by 97.5% of material and content experts, 100% of language experts, and 96.67% of design experts as valid and viable, according to the research. The questionnaire used to evaluate the practicality of application-based interactive multimedia learning material has a rating range from 1 to 4, with 4 being the most appropriate, 3 the most appropriate, 2 the least appropriate, and 1 the least appropriate. Applications using interactive multimedia learning materials that have been validated are considered viable for testing. In small group assessments, 86.67% of students found interactive multimedia learning materials to be practically applicable, while in field tests, 88.46% fell into the "very practical" category. A two-part student response questionnaire, administered in both small-group and field settings, was used to assess the usefulness of Indonesian language apps as interactive multimedia learning tools. With a percentage of classical completeness of 100% in the field test and an impressive 83.3% in the small group test, it is clear that learning mediums are highly successful. If the classical completeness in each trial is more than 80% with a very effective degree of efficacy, then learning is considered to grow. Research conducted by SMP Negeri 1 Gido in seventh grade using a 4D model to create an interactive multimedia learning tool that analyzes the language and structure of fables has been shown to be valid, practical, and successful.
Code Mixing Used by Niki Zefanya in Najwa Shihab’s Youtube Channel Ni Komang Trisna Arisedani; I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri
RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Ilmu Linguistik Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jr.10.1.2024.79-86

Abstract

This study explores the phenomenon of code-mixing as observed in the discourse of Niki Zefanya on Najwa Shihab's YouTube channel, utilizing the theoretical frameworks proposed by Muysken (2000) and Hoffman. The aim is to elucidate Niki Zefanya's motivations behind code-mixing in this context. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, the research delves into code-mixing practices on social media platforms, particularly YouTube, seeking to deepen our understanding of this linguistic phenomenon. Data collection involved meticulous observation and note-taking during the YouTube video "Eksklusif: Apa Adanya Rich Brian & NIKI | Mata Najwa" hosted by Najwa Shihab, focusing on Niki Zefanya's linguistic expressions. The analysis employed a combination of formal and informal methods. The findings highlighted 7 instances of insertion, 6 of alternation, and 8 of congruent lexicalization, showcasing the diverse manifestations of code-mixing. These insights contribute to our understanding of language use in online content, particularly in the realm of sociolinguistics. This study also reflects on the broader implications of the findings for sociolinguistic research, considering the significance of code-mixing in contemporary digital communication. Understanding these implications could offer valuable insights for future research endeavors in sociolinguistics.

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