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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 02169347     EISSN : 23380772     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
JKB contains articles from research that focus on basic medicine, clinical medicine, epidemiology, and preventive medicine (social medicine).
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 24 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)" : 24 Documents clear
Recurrent Severe Spasmophylia from Hypocalcaemia: A Case Report Pinzon, Rizaldy Taslim; Sinaga, Ruth Vanessa Gloria
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.12

Abstract

Hypocalcemia can present with a variety of clinical symptoms and indications. In situations of nerve-related hypocalcemia, muscle cramps and tetany are signs of increased excitability in either peripheral nerves or the central nervous system. Here, we described the case of a 58-year-old woman experiencing ongoing pain and cramping in both her upper and lower extremities. Through careful physical, neurophysiological, and radiological examinations, we were able to identify hypocalcemia as the primary cause of her severe muscle spasms and cramps, known as spasmophilia. Further detailed history-taking revealed a past total thyroidectomy. Administration of adequate calcium supplementation successfully relieved the symptoms.
Review of Determinants of Nonmedical Caesarean Section in Indonesia: A Systematic Review Nurfianto, Sigit; Suhanda, Rachmad; Yuarta, Ferina Agustia; Refani, Priska; Sembiring, Thyrister Nina Asarya; Mellazulfa, Dhea Sofiana; Laurentina, Yoriko; Yeni, Yeni
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.9

Abstract

Caesarean section (C-section) delivery has increased worldwide. The number of deliveries using the C-section procedure at the age of 10–54 years in Indonesia reached up to 17.6% of the total number of deliveries, due to the presence of medical and nonmedical indications. This study aims to analyze about nonmedical indications of C-section. This study uses a systematic review method. The inclusion criteria for the investigated studies were articles published in 2011–2021, written in English or Bahasa Indonesia, observational studies with case control or cohort as the design, and available to be downloaded in full text. In total, 12 articles were included in this systematic review. The nonmedical factors that influence the C-section procedure are antenatal care, the mother's level of education, residency, health insurance, socio-economics, occupation, previous birth histories, the mother's demand, the family's support and decision-making, and doctor's referral. The government, through the help of health practitioners, needs to increase the education to pregnant women and their families regarding the advantages and disadvantages of their preferred delivery methods.
The Potential of Shell Extract as a Hemostasis and Wound Healing Agent: A Literature Review Erlyn, Putri; Irfannuddin, Irfannuddin; Murti, Krisna; Lesbani, Aldes
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2023.033.01.6

Abstract

Hemostasis is an emergency medical treatment to reduce pain and patient mortality, therefore research is being developed to find effective hemostasis. The utilization of natural materials for hemostasis and wound healing is rapidly expanding, including chitosan found in shell extracts. Chitosan is obtained from chitin found in the soft shells of marine animals such as squid, shrimp, and crabs, or from hard shells such as clams, crabs, and lobsters. Chitosan offers advantages such as good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, and has been widely used in biomedical, chemical, food, and cosmetic industries. This literature review aims to investigate the potential of shell extracts, particularly the characteristics of chitosan, in wound healing across hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages. The study results indicate that extracts from shells containing chitosan exhibit varying characteristics in terms of molecular weight and degree of deacetylation. Chitosan with higher molecular weight and degree of deacetylation tends to yield better outcomes in hemostasis and wound healing. The material is effective in reducing antithrombin, enhancing blood clotting processes, and aiding clot formation. Increased molecular weight contributes to stimulating various cytokines, such as TNF-α, TGF-ß1, and FGF2, which play a key role in the wound healing process. Additionally, higher degree of deacetylation chitosan is effective in stimulating fibroblast proliferation. Chitosan also influences VEGF in inducing angiogenesis and enhancing neovascularization in bone healing. Chitosan from shell extracts with certain molecular weight characteristics and degree of deacetylation has the potential to be the material of choice for accelerating hemostasis and wound healing.
Conservative Management of Early Grade Unilateral Reinke's Edema with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Rahardjo, Sutji Pratiwi
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2023.033.01.10

Abstract

Reinke's edema is described as fluid-filled vocal folds in the Reinke's space. Unilateral cases are uncommon and might caused by gastrointestinal reflux. We report a 61-year-old man with complaints of hoarseness since one year ago, which was getting worse for the past two months. Examination of the reflux symptom index (RSI) obtained a score of 23 and reflux finding score (RFS) score of 11. Examination of the flexible fiber laryngoscopy showed that the right vocal fold size was thicker than the contralateral side, greyish in color, soft, and did not bleed easily. The patient was then given conservative therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), corticosteroids, and mucolytics, accompanied by lifestyle modifications. Clinical improvement was found at four weeks of evaluation. In conclusion, the response to conservative therapy and elimination of risk factors for early-stage Reinke's edema contributes well to disease recovery, particularly those caused by laryngopharyngeal reflux.
The Effect of Social Support on Adolescent Mental Health: Literatur Review Harahap, Ana Pujianti; Daramusseng, Andi; Choirunissa, Risza; Nugraheni, Sri Achadi
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2023.033.01.7

Abstract

Adolescence is a period that experiences many changes in hormonal, physical, psychological, and social aspects. If not controlled properly, these changes can lead to mental disorders in adolescents. This study aims to explore the relationship between social support and adolescent mental health through literature review. The review analyzed articles sourced from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect as a database with a range of publications between 2012-2022 using the keywords mental health, social support, and adolescents. There were 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The result showed that adolescents' mental health is largely determined by the social support surrounding them. Adolescents who lack social support from their families, teachers, and peers will result in bad effects of their mental health. The social support of the nuclear family, especially parents, played a very important role in adolescent mental health. In addition, the factor of the history of adolescents also needed to be considered as a risk factor. Therefore, there is a need for interventions in understanding social support to families, teachers, and adolescents, as well as further research in this topic.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Citronella oil Against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans by In Vitro Study Sugiaman, Vinna Kurniwati; Widowati, Wahyu; Widya Kusuma, Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma; Salsabila, Nindia; Rizal, Rizal
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.1

Abstract

Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are the main microorganisms that cause dental cavities. It can cause infection, damaged tissue around teeth, abscesses, and focal infection to other organs in the body. Natural products are currently widely used as products or as additives in the prevention of dental caries which have more anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities than antibiotics that can cause resistance. Citronella (Cymbopogon citratus) is abundant and easy to grow. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of citronella (Cymbopogon citratus) oil on the growth of S. mutans and C. albicans microorganisms by Minimum Inhibitory Content (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Content (MBC). The method of MIC is broth microdilution by making chlorhexidine concentration levels of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 0.2% with 4 replications each. The MIC value was determined based on absorbance spectrophotometry and the MBC value was determined from the agar plate using the spread method. Biofilm eradication test was conducted by crystal-violet staining and measuring the absorbance. The results of MIC and MBC were obtained on S. mutans, namely at concentrations of 25% and 100%, respectively. Meanwhile, the results of MIC and MBC on C. albicans were obtained at concentrations of 50% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, the citronella oil has antibacterial and antifungal activities.
Promising Anthelmintic Properties of Papaya (Carica Papaya) Extract: A Literature Study An-Nisa, Syanur; Putri, Silma Amalia; Affandi, M Luqman; Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.8

Abstract

Helminthiasis is a lurking health issue worldwide. Currently, available anthelmintics focus on the benzimidazole group, despite their side effects and threats of anthelmintic resistance. Therefore, exploration of novel compounds with anthelmintic properties is crucial. Papaya (Carica papaya) contains active compounds with prospective anthelmintic properties. This literature review discusses the potential of papaya as an anthelmintic agent. We screened publications from indexed journals in English and Indonesian published between 2013–2023 covering topics of C. papaya active compounds and their anthelmintic properties. Seeds, leaves, bark, and stems of papaya showed various degrees of anthelmintic properties. Studies reported its efficacy against several helminth species with good safety profiles. C. papaya extract can be a promising anthelmintic candidate. Aside from its abundance, its effectiveness and safety yielded satisfactory results. Further research is needed to elicit the mechanism of C. papaya as a novel therapeutic modality for parasitic infections.
Correlation between the Degree of Psychological Stress with Pain Intensity in Tension-Type Headache Patients Pambudi, Pagan; Sidabutar, Oktaviana
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.2

Abstract

Tension-Type Headache (TTH) is a critical health problem, particularly in Indonesia, with psychological stress being the most recognized contributing factor. The mechanism by which stress contributes to TTH is not fully understood, but stress has been found to increase pain sensitivity in peripheral or central patients with TTH, alongside the influence of biopsychosocial factors in different individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between the degree of psychological stress and pain intensity in patients with TTH at Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin General Hospital. This observational analytic study was carried out using a cross-sectional approach and the 30 samples employed were taken through a systematic random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using Spearman's test. Our result showed that 63.33% of patients had mild stress, while 36.67% were moderate. In the mild stress group, there were 15.79% mild pain, 73.68% moderate pain, and 10.53% severe pain. Meanwhile, in the moderate stress group, 72.73% reported moderate pain, and 27.27% had severe pain. In conclusion, this study indicated there was a correlation between the degree of psychological stress and the intensity of pain in TTH patients, despite not statistically significant (p=0.102 and R=0.304).
Modification of qSOFA Increases Mortality Prediction Accuracy in Sepsis Patients Gunawan, Erik Jaya; Siahaan, Salmon Charles Pardoman Tua; Idarto, Areta; Pribadi, Florence; Handayani, Lidya
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.3

Abstract

The Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is a simple parameter, however, its sensitivity as a mortality predictor is low. This study aimed to improve the predictor performance of qSOFA for in-hospital mortality. This study was a retrospective single-centered cohort using medical record data. This study included 150 patients aged 18-80 years old, who experienced sepsis and received ICU care between September 2021 and August 2022. qSOFA and modified ROX index (mROX) were calculated based on the most severe condition recorded in the emergency department (ED). Each variable's area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve, sensitivity, and specificity were compared to predict in-hospital mortality. qSOFA scores ≥2 and mROX values ≤3.20 were independent factors that increased the risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 3.69 and 21.50; p 0.004 and 0.005, respectively). The combination of qSOFA scores ≥2 and mROX value ≤3.20 as in-hospital mortality predictors resulted in AUROC 0.791 with a sensitivity of 71.7% and specificity of 75.7%. The AUROC, sensitivity, and specificity of the combination of qSOFA and mROX were higher than qSOFA (0.766, 70.8%, 70.3%) or mROX (0.760, 68.1%, 67.6%) alone. In conclusion, the combination of qSOFA scores ≥2 and mROX values ≤3.20 increase the sensitivity and specificity for predicting in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients.
The Characteristics of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Patients at Dr. T.C. Hillers Regional Hospital Maumere Sentosa, I Gede Bagus; Kurniawan, Rommy Andika; Conterius, Advent CT
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2024.033.01.4

Abstract

Preeclampsia can occur from the time the mother is pregnant until 48 hours to 6 weeks after giving birth and is associated with an increased complication rate of 2-8% during pregnancy, contributing to 9 - 26% of maternal deaths. This condition can have significant prolonged effects on both the mother and the baby. Considering the high rates of morbidity and mortality in mothers and babies due to preeclampsia, this study aims to understand the characteristics of patients with preeclampsia at T.C. Hillers Regional Hospital of Maumere within the period of January 1st to December 31st, 2022. This study is a retrospective descriptive study using secondary data. The data collection was performed on patients diagnosed with preeclampsia and eclampsia during the study period. The results showed that most participants were between 20-34 years old, had a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 25, multigravida (had multiple pregnancies), housewives, High School graduates, and had a history of chronic hypertension. Based on risk factors, 35.5% of the subjects were ≥ 35 years old, 31% were primigravida (first-time pregnant), 26% were obese, 21% had a history of hypertension in previous pregnancies, 10,5% had chronic hypertension, 3% had multiple gestations, 1% of the subjects had a pregnancy interval >10 years, and 0.5% had diabetes mellitus. This study provides an overview of the characteristics and risk factors of pregnant women with preeclampsia in Maumere.

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