Journal of International Relations Diponegoro
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes articles on contemporary transnational crimes from a variety of methodologies and approaches. The journal was originally established to encourage scholarly publications by students from International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro. JIRUD will be pubished twice a year May and November. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes research, development and review articles in social and political fields with the following scope: 1. Transnational Crime 2. International Crime 3. Security Studies 4. Globalization & Transnationalism 5. Humanitarianism 6. Foreign Policy 7. International Politics
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500 Documents
<![CDATA[EFEKTIVITAS KERJA SAMA INTERPOL - GAATW DALAM MENANGANI PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI JEPANG ]]>
<![CDATA[Fadil Budi Ghiffari]]>;
<![CDATA[Shary Charlotte Pattipelohy]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 2, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i2.23624
<![CDATA[This study discusses how the effectiveness of Japan in handling human trafficking cases that occur with the assistance of INTERPOL which will then be assessed based on the standard indicators set by the GAATW (Global Alliance Against Traffic in Woman) as NGOs (Non Governmental Organizations) in assessing the case . In the issue of human trafficking, Japan is a country that has very complex problems related to the issue and also prostitution in its country. Japan is a destination country for women and children from East Asia, Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, Russia and Latin America who make victims of Human Trafficking. Victims are often lured by false promises such as offering jobs as models, servants, hotel staff, and entertainers. Prostitution in Japan itself can no longer be dammed, it can even be said to be a natural thing there. There needs to be great awareness in the community, especially in Japan itself, so that the community plays an active role in eradicating trafficking to the maximum with cooperation between the government and the community. In the case of the majority of victims the women and children of this crime are included in Organized Crime which means that a crime is committed in a network that is organized and carried out in sophisticated ways because of the influence of advances in information technology. This weak public awareness is increasingly triggering Trafficking practices that will continue to develop. In this study the author explains with the theory of Liberalism Institutionalism which considers that the key focus of institutional liberalism is about the way in which institutions provide information for the state. In the end human trafficking in Japan has improved enough even though it cannot just disappear. However, the case has improved considerably and is not as prevalent before INTERPOL conducted research on human trafficking in Japan.]]>
<![CDATA[14. HAMBATAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DAN ECPAT DALAM MENANGANI PARIWISATA SEKS ANAK MELALUI RAN PTPPO DAN ESKA ]]>
<![CDATA[Silvia Novi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Riswanti Putranti]]>;
<![CDATA[Nadia Farabi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i4.13524
<![CDATA[Indonesia has become the second largest country in Asia after Thailand in child sextourism. The situation will increase every year because the tourists migrated from Thailandto Indonesia, since Thailand implement the Child Protection Act’s amendment in theircountry. These conditions make this research made for knowing obstacle from IndonesianGovernment and ECPAT’s efford in resolve child sex tourism crimes through RAN TPPOand ESKA 2009-2014. After research conducted using collective action teory,implementation of policy teory, and an explanatory method, researcher found there areobstacle in the implementation of the RAN TPPO and ESKA 2009-2014. These obstaclescome from groups of people who abuses the system, where the group of people helptourists to get child, or they sell the women and children by reason of giving them job. Theobstacle also come from the implementation of the policy, where there is no clearregulatory standards, target in the policy not comprehensive, and bad conditions in theeconomic and social sectors of society.]]>
<![CDATA[Kendala Kerjasama Sister City Antara Kota Semarang dengan Kota Jung-Gu Tahun 2016 – 2021 ]]>
<![CDATA[Nisa Ristadina]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 9, Nomor 1, Tahun 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v9i1.37237
<![CDATA[Sister city cooperation appears as a form of paradiplomacy where the actor is the local government. Sister city cooperation between Semarang City and Jung-Gu City has been established since 2016 with five points of agreement. However, after five years, the cooperation between the two has not gone well. This study aims to explain the obstacles to sister city collaboration between the City of Semarang and the City of Jung-Gu from 2016 – 2021 by using the concept of paradiplomacy and the concept of sister city. This study uses a qualitative research approach with explanatory research types and data obtained through interviews and literature studies. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause sister city cooperation between Semarang City and Jung-Gu City have not gone well in several areas that have been agreed upon because both of them do not fulfill three of the five important elements needed to assess the success of inter-city cooperation. Some of these elements are the commitment of the two parties to cooperation, community participation in cooperation, and reciprocal relations between cities.]]>
<![CDATA[Analisis Sekuritisasi Uni Eropa terhadap Citizenship by Investment Program ]]>
<![CDATA[Kharisma Fatiratri Budi Sutrisno]]>;
<![CDATA[Satwika Paramasatya]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i3.24162
<![CDATA[Many countries in the world run Citizenship by Investment Programs (CIP) including European Union member countries, namely Bulgaria, Cyprus and Malta. CIP can open opportunities for financial crimes such as money laundering, corruption and tax fraud. In the European Union itself this raises more problems when the rules relating to granting citizenship in the European Union stating that every citizen of an EU member state is an EU citizen. Therefore, the European Union carries out a securitization policy towards CIP. This study aims to explain the securitization process that has been carried out through the concept of securitization from Copenhagen School and Amitav Acharya's modified model framework which consists of six elements namely issue area, securitizing actors, security concept, process, outcome and conditions affecting securitization. The result showed that the European Union's securitization process on the issue of Citizenship by Investment Program had run quite well but there were obstacles. These obstacles are the prerogative of the state in granting and losing citizenship also the existence of desecuritization actors]]>
<![CDATA[2. KEJAHATAN PERANG AZOV BATTALION DALAM KONFLIK RUSIA-UKRAINA 2014: PERSPEKTIF KONSTRUKTIVIS ]]>
<![CDATA[Faiz Fadhlurrakhman]]>;
<![CDATA[Reni Windiani]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Rosyidin]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 3, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v3i1.14581
<![CDATA[Russian-Ukrainian Conflict created unfortunate war crime actions led by Ukrainianvoluntary battalion, one of them was Azov Battalion. The crimes included underagemilitary recruitment, planned civilian attacks, and also torturing war prisoners. Thisresearch analyzed the war crimes of Azov Battalion using the perspective of Constructivisttheory of International Relations. The result of the research showed that Azov Battalion’swar crimes occurred due to identity factor and culture of organization. Different identitybetween pro-Ukrainian government in which Azov included inside and pro-Russianseparatist became the main reason for Azov Battalion to execute the crimes. Aside fromidentity, culture of organization which interpreting separatist as opponent while AzovBattalion in the other hand interpreted themselves as Ukrainian hero due to theirultranationalist ideology. The ideology of “The Idea of the Nation” formingultranationalist scheme to support the crime and create offensive culture in ATO operation.]]>
<![CDATA[Kebijakan National Sword: Respons Tiongkok Dalam Menghadapi Impor Limbah Bahan Baku ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyu Setyo Wicaksono]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Rosyidin]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 1, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i1.32929
<![CDATA[Rapid economic growth in the People’s Republic of China is caused by many factors. One of the factors is the high number of products exports in which the products come from imported waste raw materials. Unfortunately, the high number of waste raw materials used in the products-processing activities have caused ecological problems in China. These environmental problems have also caused consequential threats to the livelihood of Chinese citizens. This prompted the Chinese Government to ensure its intention to overcome the ecological problems that occurred in China by imposing National Sword Policy. Using the concept of human security, this research aims to explain the factors behind the Chinese Government’s decision to impose the National Sword Policy. This research also tries to explain how the concept of human security plays a significant role in influencing the Chinese Government’s decision to create National Sword Policy. At the end of this research, the author conveys the result of the research that reveals that the National Sword Policy, created by the Chinese Government, is mainly influenced by the concept of human security and the Chinese Government’s idea of peaceful development.]]>
<![CDATA[Implikasi Perselisihan Amerika Serikat dengan Rusia terhadap Konflik Suriah ]]>
<![CDATA[Andriani Dyah Arum]]>;
<![CDATA[Reni Windiani]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i3.21155
<![CDATA[The Syrian conflict is an armed conflict between the Syrian Government and its oppositionthat emerged in March 2011. This conflict has caused enormous numbers of casualties andis still unresolved. This research aims to describe a brief history of Syrian Conflict, thecomplexity of US and Russia involvements in the conflict that tends to have confrontationpattern of offensive realism, and the implications of the confrontation. This research usesqualitative methods and uses secondary and primary data sources. The results of thisresearch shows that the implications of confrontation between two superpowers (US andRussia) to Syrian Conflict resettlement process are; limiting the performance of the ISSGas a facilitator of negotiations, making the search for solutions and conflict resolutionprocess by UN in Syria deadlocked which leads to the emergence of injustice againstperpetrators of war crimes.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH AMBON CITY OF MUSIC TERHADAP CITRA DIPLOMATIK INDONESIA: STUDI PADA PARTISIPASI INDONESIA DALAM FESTIVAL MUSIK INTERNASIONAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Farhan Afipudin Wasahua]]>;
<![CDATA[Devita Prinanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Shannaz Mutiara Deniar]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Vol 10, No 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v10i2.54390
<![CDATA[This study examines the influence of Ambon City of Music on Indonesia's diplomatic image through participation in various international music festivals. The main focus of this study is how Ambon's status as a UNESCO City of Music contributes to strengthening Indonesia's cultural diplomacy on the global stage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of music as an instrument of public diplomacy and to identify the impact of international music activities on the world's perception of Indonesia. The scope of the study includes cultural diplomacy activities involving Ambon in the UNESCO creative city network and its participation in various international music festivals in the 2019–2024 period. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through literature studies, sand analysis of cultural diplomacy policy documents. The results show that Ambon City of Music plays a role as an effective symbol of Indonesia's soft power in strengthening national identity through music and opening opportunities for cross-cultural collaboration. Indonesia's participation in international music festivals has been proven to increase global exposure and strengthen Indonesia's positive image as a cultured, creative, and peaceful country. Thus, the Ambon City of Music initiative has a significant contribution to Indonesia's cultural diplomacy by establishing an inclusive, dynamic, and sustainable diplomatic image.]]>
<![CDATA[CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY EXPRESS SEBAGAI STRATEGI NEO-MERKANTILISME DALAM MEMPERKUAT KEPENTINGAN EKONOMI CHINA DI EROPA ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatimah Az Zahra Andryani]]>;
<![CDATA[Reni Windiani]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Arief Zuliyan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Vol 10, No 1 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v10i1.50694
<![CDATA[China-Europe Railway Express telah menjadi opsi alternatif jalur perdagangan internasional yang menghubungkan China dan Eropa sejak tahun 2011. Hal tersebut memunculkan masalah: Bagaimana China menggunakan China-Europe Railway Express sebagai strategi neo-merkantilisme untuk memperkuat kepentingan ekonomi di Eropa? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis peran China-Europe Railway Express dalam memperkuat kepentingan ekonomi China di Eropa, terutama terhadap pola perdagangan China dan Eropa. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori neo-merkantilisme untuk mempertimbangkan aspek infrastruktur dan proteksionisme dengan metode penelitian kualitatif tipe deskriptif-analitis. Subjek yang diteliti adalah China sebagai aktor utama dan China-Europe Railway Express sebagai instrumen strategis China. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa China berhasil memperkuat kepentingan ekonomi di Eropa melalui pembangunan infrastruktur, peran institusi, dan proteksionisme. Upaya ini telah memperluas produk China di Eropa dan mempertahankan surplus dagang dengan Eropa.]]>
<![CDATA[Cyber Terrorism: Strategi Propaganda dan Rekrutmen ISIS di Internet Dan Dampaknya Bagi Indonesia Tahun 2014-2019 ]]>
<![CDATA[Santi Dwi Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Fendy Eko Wahyudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 4, Tahun 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i4.25094
<![CDATA[In a world runs by the use of technology, ISIS combines its radical interpretation ofIslam with the modernity of the internet and social media to expand its influences that havenever been reached by other extremist groups. Refers to social cognitive theory and theconcept of supernova by Thomas L.Friedman, this study finds further indicator of therelationship between internet and individual’s radicalization, and aims to answer aquestion; How ISIS spreads its ideology and recruits their members by using online mediaplatform especially in Indonesia?. In order to answer the research question, the author usesqualitative research method using observation technique and interviews the former ISISradicals who would add perspectives on how Internet changes and makes their radicalizationprocess. This phenomenom by ISIS classified as a Cyberterrorism, especially HybridCyberterrorism, which means the use of the Internet for activities such as propaganda,recruitment, radicalization, communication, training, and planning for actual terroristattacks.]]>
