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Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Published by Global Health Science Group
ISSN : 27149749     EISSN : 27151972     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr
Core Subject :
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research is a open access, peer reviewed and refereed international journal. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research aim to publish original research paper devoted to various area of all health sciences. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research provides a forum for sharing timely and up-to-date publication of scientific research, health care and promoting the development of nursing, public health, community, environmental and occupational health. The journal publishes original research papers of health sciences. High priority will be given to articles on public, nursing, adolescent, community, environmental and occupational health, pharmaceutical technology, social pharmacy, traditional medicine, pharmacology, and so on.
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Articles 1,005 Documents
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Association Between Family Support and Adherence to Triple Elimination Screening Among Pregnant Women in A Primary Healthcare Setting in Indonesia Zam Zam Lestari; Wilis Dwi Pangesti
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2593

Abstract

Mother to child transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), syphilis, and hepatitis B remains a major public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Triple elimination screening during antenatal care is a key strategy to prevent vertical transmission; however, adherence to the recommended screening among pregnant women remains suboptimal. Family support has been recognized as an important determinant of maternal health behavior, yet evidence regarding its association with adherence to triple elimination screening in Indonesian primary healthcare settings remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between family support and adherence to triple elimination screening among pregnant women attending a primary healthcare center in Indonesia. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at Cilacap Tengah II Primary Health Center, Central Java, Indonesia. A total of 76 pregnant women were recruited using purposive sampling. Data on family support and adherence to triple elimination screening were collected using validated structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant characteristics and study variables. Since the data were not normally distributed, the association between family support and adherence to triple elimination screening was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation test with a significance level of 0.05. The median family support score was 65 (range: 45–75), while the median adherence score for triple elimination screening was 65 (range: 30–75). Spearman's rank correlation analysis demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between family support and adherence to triple elimination screening (r = 0.676, p = 0.001). These findings indicate that pregnant women who received greater family support were more likely to comply with triple elimination screening during antenatal care. Family support was significantly associated with adherence to triple elimination screening among pregnant women. Strengthening family involvement, particularly spousal participation, in antenatal care education and counseling may improve adherence to triple elimination screening and contribute to the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B. Family centered interventions should therefore be considered an integral component of maternal healthcare programs in primary healthcare settings.
Regional Determinants of Infant Mortality in Indonesia: Indonesian Health Survey 2023 Cut Nur Azizah; Basri Aramico Ib; Meutia Zahara; Dharina Baharuddin; Hermansyah Hermansyah
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2602

Abstract

Infant mortality is an important indicator of population health. Although the infant mortality rate in Indonesia has declined, identifying complex and multifactorial determinants, including biological factors (twins, complications), behavioral factors (exposure to cigarette smoke), health services (delivery methods and birth assistance), and social support, remains necessary to further reduce infant mortality and address disparities across regions. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of infant mortality in Indonesia using data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). This study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from SKI 2023, covering 38 provinces in Indonesia. The sample consisted of 70,916 mothers. Data collection for SKI 2023 was conducted through direct interviews using a structured digital questionnaire (CAPI/Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing). This study obtained ethical approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee under ethics approval code FRM/SMKI-PUSDATIN/70. The results showed that factors significantly associated with infant mortality included postpartum depression (OR=0.59; p=0.000), pregnancy complications (OR=1.27; p=0.003), birth complications (OR=0.54; p=0.000), healthcare access (OR=1.42; p=0.021), family support (OR=0.48; p=0.000), smoking in the household (OR=2.53; p=0.004), twin birth (OR=29.0; p=0.000), and delivery assistance (OR=0.66; p=0.000). Twin birth was the strongest determinant (OR=31.00; 95% CI:26.35-38.53; p=0.000), followed by smoking in the household (OR=2.00; p=0.007), cesarean delivery method (OR=1.00; p=0.000), birth complications (OR=0.62; p=0.000), family support (OR=0.51; p=0.000), and assistance by non-healthcare personnel (OR=0.66; p=0.000). Stratified analysis showed consistent risk factors in urban and rural areas, although healthcare access was significant in urban areas (OR=1.57; p=0.022). The main determinants of infant mortality in Indonesia include perinatal factors (twin birth, birth complications), behavioral factors (exposure to cigarette smoke), health services (delivery method, healthcare access, and delivery assistance), and social support, with differing patterns of association between urban and rural areas.
Updated Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Biologic Therapy and Janus Kinase Inhibitors Aditya Hans Suwignjo; Hery Djagat Purnomo
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2606

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder with a growing global burden. Advances in understanding IBD pathogenesis have led to the development of targeted therapies, including biologic agents and small-molecule drugs such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, expanding therapeutic options for patients with moderate-to-severe disease. To provide an updated overview of the therapeutic roles, efficacy, and safety of biologic agents and JAK inhibitors in the management of UC and CD. A narrative literature review was conducted using relevant literature addressing the clinical application, efficacy, and safety of biologic agents and JAK inhibitors in IBD. Evidence was reviewed and synthesised narratively to describe current treatment strategies, therapeutic benefits, limitations, and safety considerations. Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF), anti-interleukin (IL)-12/23 or IL-23, and anti-integrin agents remain established therapies for moderate-to-severe IBD, with efficacy varying according to disease phenotype and previous treatment exposure. JAK inhibitors, particularly tofacitinib and upadacitinib, provide effective oral treatment options with rapid onset of action and no immunogenicity, while filgotinib offers an additional selective JAK1-targeted approach in selected settings. However, treatment selection requires careful consideration of infections, venous thromboembolism, major adverse cardiovascular events, malignancy, and other patient-specific risk factors. Biologic agents and JAK inhibitors have substantially expanded the therapeutic landscape of IBD. An individualised treatment strategy incorporating disease characteristics, previous treatment exposure, efficacy, safety, cost, and patient preferences is essential to optimise long-term disease control and clinical outcomes.
Association Between Family-Centered Care and Family Independence in Caring for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Andi Safutra Suraya; Andi Muhammad Rifqi Ismulail; Sitti Rojiyah Nur Insyirah Puhi
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2630

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus requires long-term management that depends not only on patients but also on the family’s ability to provide support and care. Family-Centered Care (FCC) positions families as active partners in healthcare and may strengthen family independence. Family involvement is essential because most diabetes management occurs at home, including medication management, lifestyle modification, health monitoring, and complication prevention. This study aimed to analyze the association between FCC and family independence in caring for patients with diabetes mellitus at Limboto Public Health Center. This study employed a quantitative analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 110 family members of patients with diabetes mellitus were selected through purposive sampling from a population framework of 1,144 patients registered in 2025. FCC was the independent variable, while family independence was the dependent variable. FCC was operationalized using the 14-item Iceland-Family Perceived Support Questionnaire (ICE-FPSQ), while family independence was assessed using the 20-item CUIDAR Short Version. Respondent characteristics were analyzed descriptively, while the hypothesis was tested using a t-test of the simple linear regression coefficient at α=0.05. Most respondents were female (77.3%), aged 26–35 years (31.8%), wives of patients (35.5%), and senior high school graduates (46.4%). Most patients had diabetes for less than five years (64.5%), with neuropathy as the most frequently reported complication (73.6%). FCC showed a positive and significant association with family independence (B=1.343; SE=0.076; β=0.862; t=17.642; p<0.001; 95% CI: 1.192–1.494). Better FCC was significantly associated with greater family independence. These findings reinforce the importance of integrating families into diabetes care. Primary nursing services should strengthen communication, education, emotional support, and family empowerment in a structured and sustainable manner.  
Interaction of Sleep Disruption and Vital Sign Fluctuations: A Comprehensive Analysis of Blood Pressure, Pulse, and Respiratory Rate in Hemodialysis Patients Dyan Kurniasari; Fahrun Nur Rosyid; Dian Hudiyawati
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2631

Abstract

Sleep disruption is highly prevalent among patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis and has been associated with autonomic dysfunction and haemodynamic instability. However, previous studies have primarily examined individual haemodynamic parameters, providing limited understanding of the relationship between sleep quality and fluctuations in vital signs. To examine the association between sleep quality and fluctuations in blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate among patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 100 patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing routine haemodialysis. Participants were selected using total sampling. Sleep quality was assessed using a structured questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The validity test demonstrated that all questionnaire items were valid, while the reliability test showed good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of ≥ 0.70. Haemodynamic parameters, including blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate, were measured using standard clinical equipment and classified as normal or abnormal according to established clinical criteria. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Poor sleep quality was identified in 58.0% of participants. Significant associations were observed between sleep quality and all assessed haemodynamic parameters. Participants with good sleep quality were more likely to have normal blood pressure (76.2% vs. 39.7%; p < 0.001), normal pulse rate (81.0% vs. 50.0%; p = 0.002), and normal respiratory rate (83.3% vs. 56.9%; p = 0.006) compared with those reporting poor sleep quality. Sleep quality was significantly associated with blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate among patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Participants with poor sleep quality had a higher proportion of abnormal haemodynamic parameters.
Functional and Clinical Improvement after Cardiac Rehabilitation Following PCI: A Case Report Andra Dea Riskia; Muhammad Ridwan
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2645

Abstract

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may result in left ventricular systolic dysfunction and reduced functional capacity despite successful coronary revascularization. Phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an important component of secondary prevention following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). To describe the clinical course, structured CR program, and functional and clinical outcomes following PCI in a patient with LV dysfunction. This case report used clinical data obtained from the patient’s medical history, physical examination, cardiovascular evaluation, exercise testing, and echocardiography. A 57-year-old man with anterior STEMI underwent successful PCI of the left anterior descending artery. He completed three CR sessions before discontinuing the program for non-medical reasons. One year later, he returned to resume Phase II CR and completed 12 supervised sessions twice a week. Each session included a warm-up, aerobic exercise using a treadmill and ergometer, and resistance training. Exercise intensity and progression were individually prescribed according to the FITT principle (frequency, intensity, time, and type), taking into account the patient’s functional capacity, cardiovascular response, and perceived exertion. Clinical and functional outcomes were assessed by comparing baseline and post-intervention findings from the 6-minute walk test, ergometer stress test, and echocardiography. These assessments were used to evaluate changes in exercise tolerance, hemodynamic response, and left ventricular systolic function. The 6-minute walk test distance increased from 360 to 500 m, exercise capacity from 2.9 to 4.3 METs, and heart-rate recovery from 7 to 16 beats/min. LVEF increased from 31% to 45%, with improvement in regional wall motion. No exercise-related adverse symptoms were reported. Structured and supervised CR was associated with improved functional capacity and cardiac function in this post-PCI patient.
Association Between Nephrotic Syndrome Status (Active Disease and Remission) and Vitamin D and Calcium Levels in Children Annike Indah Kencana; Oke Rina Ramayani; Johannes Harlan Saing; Rina Amelia; Rosmayanti Syafriani Siregar; Karina Sugih Arto
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2658

Abstract

Pediatric nephrotic syndrome causes massive proteinuria, resulting in urinary loss of albumin, vitamin D-binding protein, and calcium-binding proteins. These losses may lead to vitamin D deficiency and impaired calcium homeostasis. Evidence regarding the association of active disease and remission with vitamin D and calcium levels among Indonesian children remains limited. This study aimed to examine the association between nephrotic syndrome status (active disease and remission) and vitamin D and calcium levels in children at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design and included children aged 1-18 years with active nephrotic syndrome or nephrotic syndrome in remission. Data were obtained from medical records and laboratory measurements of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and calcium. Univariate analysis was used to describe participant characteristics. Associations between variables were assessed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. A total of 66 patients were analyzed, including 33 with active nephrotic syndrome and 33 in remission. In the active-disease group, 90.9% had vitamin D deficiency and 78.8% had hypocalcemia. Fisher's exact test showed a significant association between nephrotic syndrome status and vitamin D status (p = 0.033). In contrast, nephrotic syndrome status was not significantly associated with calcium status (p = 0.108), although hypocalcemia was more frequent in the active-disease group than in the remission group. Active nephrotic syndrome was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency but not with serum calcium status. Periodic monitoring of vitamin D levels should be considered as part of the evaluation of children with nephrotic syndrome, particularly during active disease, to prevent complications related to bone and mineral metabolism.
Mobile Apps and Telemonitoring Improve Iron Supplement Adherence in Pregnancy: Literature Review Susilawati Susilawati; Tukimin bin Sansuwito; Chua Siew Kuan
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2663

Abstract

Anemia during pregnancy remains a major public health problem and is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Iron and folic acid supplementation is an effective strategy to prevent anemia; however, adherence to iron tablet consumption among pregnant women remains low. Mobile health (mHealth) applications and telemonitoring have emerged as innovative approaches to improve adherence through education, reminders, and monitoring. This literature review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mobile applications and telemonitoring on adherence to iron supplementation in pregnant women. A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Articles published between 2018 and 2025 were identified through Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The search strategy used the following keywords: ("mobile application" OR "mHealth") AND ("telemonitoring") AND ("adherence" OR "compliance") AND ("iron folic acid supplementation" OR "iron tablet") AND ("pregnant women"). Eligible studies were quantitative studies involving pregnant women receiving mobile application- or telemonitoring-based interventions, with adherence to iron supplementation as an outcome. The initial search identified 946 articles, of which 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the narrative synthesis. Most studies demonstrated that mobile applications and telemonitoring significantly improved adherence to iron tablet consumption among pregnant women. Several interventions also increased knowledge, enhanced attitudes toward supplementation, improved monitoring, and increased hemoglobin levels. Reminder features, health education, and continuous monitoring were identified as the main factors contributing to improved adherence.
Targeting Aldosterone in Chronic Kidney Disease: from Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism to Synthase Inhibition Jeremiah Suwandi; Afifah Sekarkusuma; Fatah Jati Pamungkas; Anzalia Arzak; Chatrine Evania Palangan Sangka; Kevin Tandarto
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2680

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in renin–angiotensin system blockade and sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Persistent aldosterone production and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) overactivation may contribute to residual cardiorenal risk through sodium retention, hypertension, oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and fibrosis. This narrative review summarizes the biological rationale and clinical evidence for aldosterone-targeted therapies in CKD, including steroidal MR antagonists, finerenone, and emerging aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASIs). Steroidal MR antagonists reduce albuminuria but are limited by hyperkalemia and endocrine adverse effects. Finerenone has the most mature outcome evidence among nonsteroidal MR antagonists, reducing kidney and cardiovascular events in CKD with type 2 diabetes. Recent trials also support greater albuminuria reduction when finerenone is combined with empagliflozin and extend anti-albuminuric evidence to type 1 diabetes. Selective ASIs, including vicadrostat, baxdrostat, and lorundrostat, directly suppress aldosterone synthesis and have shown promising effects on albuminuria or blood pressure. However, hyperkalemia, adrenal safety, and the absence of definitive long-term kidney and cardiovascular outcome data remain important limitations. Current evidence supports a layered approach to CKD therapy, while ASIs remain investigational pending larger outcome trials. The objective of this narrative review is to critically summarize the role of aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor activation in CKD progression, compare steroidal and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and evaluate the emerging efficacy, safety, and clinical positioning of aldosterone synthase inhibitors within contemporary layered CKD therapy.
The Impact of Telepharmacy on Medication Adherence in Hypertension Patients: A Systematic Review Selvi Aklailia Rosa; Mahalul Azam; Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 6 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research: December 2026
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i6.2686

Abstract

Advances in information and communication technology have accelerated the development of digital health services, including telepharmacy. Telepharmacy has the potential to improve medication adherence, support blood pressure monitoring, and strengthen patient education, thereby reducing the burden of chronic disease and preventing cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesize evidence on the effect of pharmacist-led telepharmacy interventions on medication adherence and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guideline. Searches were performed in two electronic databases, namely Scopus and PubMed, for studies published between 2020 and 2025. A total of 1,285 articles were identified, and 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The selected studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool before being included in the qualitative synthesis. The findings showed that all included studies reported improvements in treatment-related outcomes following pharmacist-led telepharmacy interventions. Overall, telepharmacy was associated with improved medication adherence and better blood pressure control in hypertensive patients compared with the control group.

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