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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
 349   350   351   352   353 
Short Communication: Sustainability of ecological dimension in peatland management in The Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu Landscape, Riau, Indonesia ZULKARNAINI ZULKARNAINI; SUJIANTO SUJIANTO; WAWAN WAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230414

Abstract

Abstract. Zulkarnaini, Sujianto, Wawan. 2022. Short Communication: Sustainability of ecological dimension in peatland management in The Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu Landscape, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1822-1827. The Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu (GSKBB) in Riau Province, Indonesia, is assigned as a biosphere reserve due to its importance in terms of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services provision, particularly due to the existence of large tracts of peat swamp forest. However, GSKBB landscape is threatened by various anthropogenic activities of using peatland resources because such activities are often carried out in an exploitative and destructive manner. This study aims to analyze the sustainability of the ecological dimension in peatland management in the GSKBB landscape. Methodologically, the design of this research used a mixed approach by combining quantitative and qualitative methods to determine the sustainability of peatland management. Primary data was collected through field observations and in-depth interviews with key informants from the GSKBB Biosphere Reserve management board, local government, private companies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other local stakeholders. Computer programming RAPPEAT was used to analyze the sustainability index. The results of sustainability analysis of the ecological dimension of peatland management in the GSKBB landscape obtained a sustainability index of 46.5% or classified as less sustainable (<50). This value suggests that the condition of the peatland ecosystem is under pressure viewed from the ecological aspect. This is reinforced by the results of field observations which showed that the peatland ecosystem is experiencing damage and quality degradation such as land degradation, illegal logging, and land conversion. Leverage analysis obtained two attributes that are sensitive to the sustainability index of ecological dimension, namely land use (RMS = 3.84) and land conversion (RMS = 3.11). These two attributes indicate that the condition of the peatland ecosystem is strongly influenced by plantation activities in the area.
Feeding ecology of Neoarius leptaspis in the Rawa Biru Lake, Merauke, Indonesia Dwi Nugroho Wibowo; SITI RUKAYAH; NUR LAILA RAHAYU; NORCE MOTE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230317

Abstract

Abstract. Wibowo DN, Rukayah S, Wahayu NL, Mote N. 2022. Feeding ecology of Neoarius leptaspis in the Rawa Biru Lake, Merauke, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1327-1335. A few studies have been carried out on Neoarius leptaspis (Bleeker, 1862), however, its feeding ecology was not examined, especially for the sample from Rawa Biru Lake, Merauke, Papua, Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the feeding ecology of N. leptaspis at 8 sampling sites in the lake, which were sampled in the morning and evening. The parameters observed were natural food diversity, mouth width ratio, intestine length ratio, stomach fullness and content, preponderance index, and electivity index. The result showed that 25 plankton species were observed in the waters. Neoarius leptaspis has a mouth width ratio of approximately 75% of head width. The full stomach was observed in the samples collected in the evening, where the diets were dominated by animal materials as indicated by the indexes of preponderance and electivity. The mouth width ratio, feeding periodicity, intestine length, and dominant diets were similar to the previous reports on the same species from other regions. This showed that N. leptaspis is a predatory fish species based on the feeding ecology data, which provides essential information for fisheries and conservation.
Diversity of bird species in Pangheotan grassland and Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park, West Java, Indonesia SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH; PARIKESIT PARIKESIT; RAKHA RAKHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230602

Abstract

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Parikesit, Rakha. 2022. Diversity of bird species in Pangheotan grassland and Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2790-2798. The diversity of bird species is often used as an indicator of the ecosystem balance of an area. One of the efforts to preserve and protect the diversity of bird species is made by fostering habitat in the Pangheotan I Grassland (Kebun Rumput Pangheotan, hereinafter Pangheotan grassland) of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VIII, West Bandung District, Indonesia and the Wali Pohon Block of Mount Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park (Taman Buru Gunung Masigit Kareumbi herein after TBGMK), Bandung District, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the diversity of bird species in the two areas so that it can be used as basic data in making planning strategies for maintaining and increasing biodiversity. Bird data collection techniques using the point count method and analysis of bird species diversity data were carried out using a quantitative data analysis approach. In the second year of habitat development, 27 species of birds were found in Pangheotan grassland, with a Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') of 2,479 (medium diversity), an evenness index of 0.814 (even abundance), and Pycnonotus aurigaster was the species of bird that had the highest relative frequency and relative abundance. Meanwhile, in the second year of habitat development in TBGMK, 45 species of birds were found with H' of 3,237 (high diversity), and E of 0.926 (even abundance), and srigunting kelabu (Dicrurus leucophaeus) was the species of bird that had the highest relative frequency and relative abundance. The results of the study show the success of the habitat development carried out in these two locations through the biodiversity by design program.
Coupling Indonesian indigenous Citrobacter freundii and Chlorella pyrenoidosa strain on the anode of microbial fuel cell with various substrates IRFAN ANWAR FAUZAN; ANJA MERYANDINI; RONI RIDWAN; RUSLI FIDRIYANTO; NI WAYAN SRI AGUSTINI; DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230527

Abstract

Abstract. Fauzan IA, Meryandini A, Ridwan R, Fidriyanto R, Agustini NWS, Santosa DA. 2022. Coupling Indonesian indigenous Citrobacter freundii and Chlorella pyrenoidosa strain on the anode of microbial fuel cell with various substrates. Biodiversitas 23: 2471-2481. Microorganism plays a crucial role in the development of MFC systems. Indigenous to Indonesia, Citrobacter freundii GBH253 is a potential exoelectrogenic bacterium that could be developed into an MFC system. Coupling C. freundii GBH253 with potentially electricity-producing microalgae indigenous to Indonesia, such as Chlorella pyrenoidosa INK, in the anode of an MFC, could result in a more stable and higher electricity output. This study used C. freundii GBH253 and C. pyrenoidosa INK to produce electricity in various substrates. This research was conducted using a Factorial Randomized Block Design and Tukey’s test to determine significant differences between treatments. The result shows that electricity was generated in all treatments. The Bacterium-microalgae combination in acetate substrate can generate power density up to 211,97 mW m-2 and is the most stable compared to others. Bacterium dominates the electricity production in this combination, but the microalgae also play a role in producing electricity and increasing Chemical Oxygen Demand. The pH value of all treatments was higher than 7. Volatile Fatty Acids, like acetate and phenol, were produced in all treatments, whereas butyric acid and propionic acid were produced in several treatments. The Pearson correlation showed that some VFAs are highly correlated with power density.
Diversity of leaf rust resistance in Indonesian sorghum genetic resources FAWWAZ DINANTY; DESTA WIRNAS; TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS; ABDJAD ASIH NAWANGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230538

Abstract

Abstract. Dinanty F, Wirnas D, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Nawangsih AA. 2022. Diversity of leaf rust resistance in Indonesian sorghum genetic resources. Biodiversitas 23: 2570-2579. Sorghum is an alternative source as a substitute for rice. Leaf rust (Puccinia purpurea) is a constraint in sorghum cultivation and resistance to rust disease is a condition for releasing sorghum varieties. This study aimed to screen sorghum accessions for resistance to leaf rust disease. The screening was carried out on 48 sorghum accessions and seven check varieties, namely Numbu, Kawali, Bioguma 1, Pahat, Soraya 1, Soraya 2, and Soraya 3. Evaluation of leaf rust resistance under field conditions was carried out in IPB University experimental field Cikarawang-Bogor (275 asl) from February 2021 to June 2021. The experiment was conducted in an augmented design with four replications for check varieties. Identification of leaf rust resistance was also carried out using molecular markers designed from the Lr34 and Rp1D genes. The results revealed that 5 genotypes, namely genotypes 31 (Demak 2), 24 (IS 18551), 43 (Lokal bima 3), 17 (ICSV 93036), and 33 (Demak 5) were resistant to leaf rust with high yield potential. The results of identification using molecular markers showed that all accessions had Lr34 and Rp1D gene fragments.
Ecological role and potential extinction of Amorphophallus variabilis in Central Java, Indonesia BAIQ FARHATUL WAHIDAH; NORMA AFIATI; JUMARI JUMARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230407

Abstract

Abstract. Wahidah BF, Afiati N, Jumari. 2022. Ecological role and potential extinction of Amorphophallus variabilis in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1765-1773. Amorphophallus variabilis Blume is a member of the genus Amorphophallus which is known as a wild plant that lives in forests, including Central Java, Indonesia. This plant has a high diversity but its existence is neglected and is rarely used by the community. This study aims to introduce A. variabilis through the inherent biological characteristics of the species, local the community’s knowledge, ecological functions and the threat of extinction. Data on biological characteristics covering morphological characters were obtained from field observations, while data on anatomy were obtained by making semi-permanent preparations using a modified Ruzin method. Data on community’s knowledge were obtained by conducting semi-structural interviews. The results showed that its morphological and ecological characters were very similar to other members of Amorphophallus, but with a very wide variety of patterns on the petiole. The anatomical structure of the leaf blade has a dorsiventral type consisting of several layers, namely a thin cuticle layer, flat upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, vascular tissue and lower epidermis. The tissue that composes the petiole consists of the epidermis, hypodermis, collenchyma supporting tissue, vascular bundles and secretory cells, while the tuber consists of periderm, cortex, vascular bundles, and pith tissue. This species has almost the same potential as Amorphophallus mueleri Blume which was previously known to have economic and medicinal values. However, the community’s knowledge about the A. variabialis is still poor, resulting in neglect of this species that possibly causes its extinction and may have an impact on the ecological balance.
The behavior of catfish traders on the food safety perspective in Malang Markets, Indonesia Hartati Kartikaningsih; Yahya Yahya; Dwi Setijawati; Harris Imam Fathoni
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230504

Abstract

Abstract. Kartikanigsih H, Yahya, Setijawan D, Fathoni HI. 2022. The behavior of catfish traders on the food safety perspective in Malang Markets (Indonesia). Biodiversitas 23: 2270-2275. Catfish markets in Malang are supported by catfish farmers in Tulungagung regency, delivered every two days, and distributed to 37 catfish traders in 16 traditional Markets. The study aimed to understand the behavior of catfish traders in traditional markets in Malang City in terms of food safety. Our deep interviews regarding catfish disease showed that the understanding of catfish traders was the dead catfish (97.3%), the skin wound of catfish was not caused by bacteria (97.3%), unnecessary to separate unsold catfish from the new one (94.6%), not necessarily in water replacement at catfish shelter (87.5%), no sanitation of containers and equipment prior opening stalls (97.3%), no sanitizing containers and equipment with water and soap when closing stalls (18.9%) and using sanitizing work equipment to prevent bacteria contamination (0%). The guaranteed replacement of dead catfish from the supplier (100%), catfish trading knowledge from relatives (89%), elementary school background of catfish traders (81.1%), and no consumer complaints (94.6%) were fundamental things in the behavior of catfish traders in a food safety perspective. From the swab test of catfish, skin wounds were found Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella typhosa, and Proteus mirabilis.
Potential extracts of wedge sea hare (Dolabella auricularia) as immunostimulators in comet fish (Carassius auratus auratus) infected by Aeromonas hydrophila Nurhalisa Nurhalisa; Indriyani Nur; Suryani Suryani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230422

Abstract

Abstract. Nurhalisa N, Nur I, Suryani S. 2022. Potential extracts of wedge sea hare (Dolabella auricularia) as immunostimulators in comet fish (Carassius auratus auratus) infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. Biodiversitas 23: 1884-1893. Microencapsulation is an innovative method to protect the active compound of pharmaceutical material from environmental impacts or unwanted conditions. This study aims to determine the active compound content and appropriate concentration of wedge sea hare extract (Dolabella auricularia) using the microencapsulation method to treat Aeromonas hydrophila bacterial which infected in comet fish (Carassius auratus auratus). The treatment consisted of three concentrations of D. auricularia extract (6.3, 7 and 7.7 g/kg feed) and commercial feed as a positive control in triplicates. C. a. auratus fed with experimental diets twice a day (8.00 a.m and 4.00 p.m) for 30 days of culture period before being challenged with an injection of A. hydrophila. Blood profile, weight gain, survival and relative survival of C. a. auratus were observed before and after the challenge test. The characteristics and types of active compounds in the extract were observed qualitatively, as well as the morphology and particle size distribution of the microcapsules. The results showed that D. auricularia extract contained phenol, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins. The microcapsules in all treatments were a spherical shape. The average diameter was similar to all extract treatments. The addition of D. auricularia extract microcapsules in the feed produced significantly different results on the blood profile, weight gain and survival. The highest of total leukocytes, total erythrocytes, hematocrit and blood hemoglobin were obtained in addition to 7.7 g D. auricularia extract/kg of feed with respective values ??of 7.35±0.94×104 cell.mm-3, 2.83±0.03×106 cell.mm-3, 22.43±0.03% and 6.72±0.02 g.dL-1, respectively. The highest weight gain was found in fish-fed diets contained of 7.7 g of D. auricularia extract (3.37 g). The highest relative survival and survival were found in the treatment of 7 and 7.7 g extract/kg of feed, which was 100%. This study concluded that microencapsulated with D. auricularia extract at dose 7 g extract/kg of feed was the optimum dose for C. a. auratus infected with A. hydrophila.
Growth and yield of maize in t’sen, a local wisdom of planting in one planting hole, typical cropping pattern of West Timor's YOHANNIS HARRY DIMU-HEO; DIDIK INDRADEWA; EKA TARWACA SUSILO PUTRA; BENITO HERU PURWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230530

Abstract

Abstract. Dimu-Heo YH, Indradewa D, Putra ETS, Purwanto BH. 2022. Growth and yield of maize in t’sen, a local wisdom of planting in one planting hole, typical cropping pattern of West Timor's. Biodiversitas 23: 2502-2511. West Timor farmers have a strategy to anticipate the short rainy season and relatively low rainfall, namely planting maize, cowpeas, and pumpkin together in one planting hole, known as the local wisdom t’sen cropping pattern or t’sen. This study aims to study the growth and yield of maize and obtain maize varieties that are adaptive to the t’sen. The research was conducted at the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Yogyakarta, from April to August 2019. The study was arranged using a split-plot design with three replications. The t’sen as the main plot consisted of: monoculture maize, maize + cowpea, maize + pumpkin, maize + cowpea + pumpkin, while the varieties as sub-plots consisted of local varieties of maize from Kupang, Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS), Timor Tengah Utara (TTU), Malaka, and superior varieties Lamuru, and Pioneer p35. The results showed that all maize varieties experienced decreased growth and production in the t’sen compared to monoculture. The lowest decrease in growth and yield occurred in one planting hole of maize + cowpea, followed by maize + cowpea + pumpkin, and the highest was maize + pumpkin. The TTS and Kupang varieties have the highest average growth and production, which shows their resistance to competition and stress in t’sen.
Screening of soil fungi as bioremediation fungicide and its effect on growth of potato plants ABDUL LATIEF ABADI; FERY ABDUL CHOLIQ; MUTHIA OKTAVIANITA; NOVIA ARINATA; MOCHAMMAD SYAMSUL HADI; YOGO SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230351

Abstract

Abstract. Abadi AL, Choliq FA, Oktavianita M, Arinata N, Hadi MS, Setiawan Y. 2022. Screening of soil fungi as bioremediation fungicide and its effect on growth of potato plants. Biodiversitas 23: 1605-1610. The negative impact of using fungicides on the environment can lead to chemical residues in the soil. The chemical degradation process can be carried out in several ways, one of which is by biological means by using microbes such as soil fungi. This study aimed to evaluate soil fungi isolated from natural forests for bioremediation of Mancozeb fungicide commonly used in potato fields in Indonesia. Isolated soil fungi were identified based on morphological and molecular level (PCR). The inhibition assay was carried out by growing fungal isolates on PDA media containing a fungicide with an active ingredient of 80% Mancozeb. Trichoderma harzianum isolated as a soil fungus from natural forest could grow in the fungicide Mancozeb medium. The biodegradation assay showed that treatment of Trichoderma harzianum and Mancozeb fungicide did not inhibit the growth of potato plants (plant height, number of leaves, and root length) as compared to the control. Based on the results of degradation test using HPLC method, T. harzianum both isolates can reduce the residue of fungicide Mancozeb in soil during the vegetative growth period of potato plants.

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