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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Genetic diversity of Central Javanese duck (Indonesia) based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers R. SUSANTI; AGUSTIN DIAN KARTIKASARI; FITRI ARUM SASI; DYKEN DWI ARLINDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230412

Abstract

Abstract. Susanti R, Kartikasari AD, Sasi FA, Arlinda DD. 2022. Genetic diversity of Central Javanese duck (Indonesia) based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers. Biodiversitas 23: 1807-1813. Genetic resources of local livestock need to be documented and conserved to prevent genetic erosion of the germplasm. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in Central Java, Indonesia, based on Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. There were seven types of Central Javanese ducks used in this research. DNA was extracted from feathers samples. To give rise to ISSR profile of duck DNA, 5 different ISSR markers were used. Annealing temperature used in PCR was the result of the optimization. The ISSR-PCR results showed that all primers (100%) were polymorphic. From a total of five ISSR primers, resulted in 44 obvious bands in all duck samples, with 41 (91.78%) bands being polymorphic. The quantity of alleles was numerous from 7-14 polymorphic loci, the mean quantity of alleles according to locus was 8.8, and the average PIC score for the Central Javanese duck was 0.777. The relationship investigation showed that the Central Javanese local duck was clustered into two primary offshoots, one heading to Pengging duck breeds and another one consisting of all other Central Javanese local duck. The genetic diversity among Central Javanese local duck based on ISSR primer was high. The ISSR loci were polymorphic for Central Javanese duck and may be useful for study of genetic diversity and genome evolution of Central Javanese ducks in the future.
Short Communication: Preharvest drought stress varies grain physical characteristics, milling percentage, and nutritional quality of two Job’s tears varieties FIKY YULIANTO WICAKSONO; TRI WAHYU SUGANDA; RUMINTA RUMINTA; UMA RANI SINNIAH; YUYUN YUWARIAH; TATI NURMALA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230331

Abstract

Abstract. Wicaksono FY, Suganda TW, Wuminta, Sinniah UR, Yuwariah Y, Nurmala T. 2022. Short Communication: Preharvest drought stress varies grain physical characteristics, milling percentage, and nutritional quality of two Job’s tears varieties. Biodiversitas 23: 1443-1448. Preharvest drought stress is one of the limiting factors that may affect the quality of the harvested yield. This study aimed to evaluate the grain physical characteristics, milling percentage, and nutritional quality of two varieties of Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) in response to preharvest drought stress. Two varieties of Job’s tears were used in the present study, namely ma-yuen (cultivar Watani Wado)and stenocarpa (cultivar Watani Kiara Payung) at Ciparanje research station (6.9164° S, 107.7717° E) from July 2018 (dry season) to January 2019 (rainy season). A water-sufficient condition was achieved by irrigating the plant once a day, while a water-deficient condition was formed by the irrigation every 3 days using a sprinkler system. The results showed that preharvest drought stress caused a significant reduction of seed size in both varieties. However, the stenocarpa was the only one with a significant reduction in milling yield due to its long seed length. In terms of nutritional quality, ma-yuen showed no significant response to preharvest drought, while stenocarpa showeda significant gain in protein and calcium. This finding opened the high potential of stenocarpa variety to be used both as an ornament, just like recent usage, and also functional food.
Floral biology, floral volatile organic compounds and floral visitors of Chromolaena odorata, an invasive alien species in West Bengal, India UJJWAL LAYEK; ALOKESH DAS; UDAY DAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230447

Abstract

Abstract. Layek U, Das A, Das U. 2022. Floral biology, floral volatile organic compounds and floral visitors of Chromolaena odorata, an invasive alien species in West Bengal, India. Biodiversitas 23: 2118-2129. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob. is a fast-growing weed native to the Neotropics and introduced in several regions of Africa, the Pacific Islands, and Southeast Asia, including West Bengal in India. It is one of the world’s most widespread and troublesome invasive alien plant species (IAPS) that severely infest natural habitats and crop fields. However, extensive data documents about the reproductive ecology are unknown, especially within West Bengal. This study assesses the floral biology, floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and floral visitors of the weed. The weed species flowers from October to January. Florets are white to purple, with short, narrow corolla tubes and deep-seated nectar. Abundant VOCs are benzyl stearate, 2,4-decadienal, n-hexadecanoic acid, 1-hexyl-2-nitrocyclohexane, and o-decyl hydroxylamine. Flower heads were visited by numerous insect groups, though the diversity of Lepidoptera (mainly butterflies) was higher than the other insect orders. The weed is pollinated by diverse insect groups (e.g., butterflies, flies, honeybees, leafcutter bees, solitary bees, and wasps). However, vital pollination services to the weed were provided by butterflies (based on the ‘approximate pollination value’). Our findings may conclude that the clustered capitula, longer stigmatic receptivity, and broad array of pollinators resulted in too much fruit set. It is one of the critical factors that support the high growth rate and invasive nature of the weed in dry habitats.
Diversity of potassium solving microbes on andisol soil affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, North Sumatra, Indonesia MARIANI SEMBIRING; T. SABRINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230406

Abstract

Abstract. Sembiring M, Sabrina T. 2022. Diversity of potassium solving microbes on andisol soil affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1759-1764. Potassium (K) is one of the macronutrients needed by plants for seeds' growth, development, and quality. Andisols covered by volcanic ash from Mount Sinabung contain potassium ranging from 0.39-0.58 me/100g. The use of microbes is one of the alternatives methods to increase the availability of potassium in the soil that can be absorbed by plants. This study aimed to find environment-specific superior potassium-solvent microbes. Soil sampling was carried out in Kutarayat Village, Nama Teran Sub-district, Karo District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The method used is random composite sampling by taking samples from 4 different locations. Sampling points were taken on Andisol soil that had been processed, covered with thin, medium, and thick ash. Sampling was carried out at a depth of 0-20 cm from the ground surface around the rhizosphere area. Isolation of bacteria and fungi was carried out by using multilevel dilutions. The microbes obtained after using the pour plate method were identified at molecular level by using PCR. Microbial potential test was carried out by using andisol soil which was incubated for 30 days. Parameters observed were soil pH, exchangeable potassium, soil organic carbon, and microbial population. 7 bacterial isolates and 3 potassium solubilizing fungi were isolated and identified during the present study. All bacterial and fungal isolates obtained were able to increase the availability of potassium soil exchange. The research results show that Talaromyces pinophilus can increase potassium soil exchange up to 102.94%.
DNA barcoding of freshwater fish in Siberut Island, Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia Dewi Roesma; DJONG HON TJONG; Muhammad Janra; Dyta Aidil
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230411

Abstract

Abstract. Roesma DI, Tjong DH, Janra MN, Aidil DR. 2022. DNA barcoding of freshwater fish in Siberut Island, Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1795-1806. Information regarding molecular data of freshwater fish in Siberut Island, Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia, is not available. This study was conducted to provide DNA barcodes of freshwater fish in Siberut island. The cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene was chosen to make DNA barcodes because it has been used as a tool capable of identifying organisms up to the species level. Specimens were collected directly captured in the three rivers from Siberut Island. A total of 40 individuals were selected from 200 individuals that have been identified morphologically and strengthened by the results of the molecular marker (DNA barcodes) consisting of 13 species, namely Gobiopterus cf. brachypterus (BOLD: ADF5945), Eleotris fusca (BOLD: AAF0108), Butis cf. butis (BOLD: AAL8960), Stiphodon semoni (BOLD: ACQ3312), Giuris margaritacea (BOLD: ACP9929), Anabas testudineus (BOLD: AAO2846), Rasbora jacobsoni, Rasbora vulcanus, Barbodes banksi, Redigobius cf. bikolanus, Periophthalmus argentilineatus, Hypseleotris cf. compressa, and Oryzias cf. javanicus (in a queue in the BOLD system). The average Kimura two-Parameter model (K2P) genetic distances within species, genera, families, and orders were 0.16%, 11.4%, 23.2%, and 26.0%, respectively. The interspecific K2P distance was higher than the intraspecific distance. The present study supports that COI Barcodes effectively identify fish up to the species level. Future research is needed, especially to species that may have potential as new species. In contrast, DNA barcodes as genetic information will contribute as the basic data to future studies in the monitoring, conservation, and management of freshwater fish in Siberut Island, Mentawai Islands. Therefore, the creation of DNA barcodes is immediately carried out.
Changes of nutritional composition of tempeh during fermentation with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SAMSUL RIZAL; MARIA ERNA KUSTYAWATI; A. S. SUHARYONO; VIRDA AULIA SUYARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230345

Abstract

Abstract. Rizal S, Kustyawati ME, Suharyono AS, Suyarto VA. 2022. Changes of nutritional composition of tempeh during fermentation with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biodiversitas 23: 1553-1559. This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on changes in nutritional composition during tempeh fermentation. The study used a Completely Randomized Block Design with two treatments and two replications. The first treatment was the type of tempeh inoculum with 4 levels, namely 0.2% commercial inoculum (Raprima), 1% Rhizopus oligosporus inoculum, 1% S. cerevisiae inoculum, and a mixture of 1% R. oligosporus inoculum, and 1% S. cerevisiae inoculum. The second treatment was the length of fermentation with 4 levels, namely 0 hours, 15 hours, 30 hours, and 45 hours. Observation parameters include fat, protein, ash, moisture, carbohydrates, and ?-glucan content during fermentation of tempeh. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using the Barlett and Tukey test then continued with the ANOVA test and the Orthogonal Polynomial-Orthogonal Comparison (OP-OC) test at the 5% level. The results showed that the addition of S. cerevisiae as an inoculum in making tempeh had an effect on changes in nutritional content during tempeh fermentation. The fat content, ash content, and moisture content of tempeh increased during fermentation, while the fat content and carbohydrate content decreased. The addition of 1% S. cerevisiae to tempeh fermentation by 1% R. oligosporus at 45 hours of fermentation resulted in the best nutritional content of tempeh with 17.40% protein content, 8.23% fat content, 65.74% moisture content, 1.33 ash content, 7.30% carbohydrate content, and 0.13% ?-glucan content.
Trait selection and screening of Indonesian local rice accessions for iron stress tolerance KHAIRUNNISA LUBIS; LISNAWITA LISNAWITA; FRANS MAATHUIS; IRDA SAFNI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230750

Abstract

Iron (Fe) poisoning in rice causes changes in both morphological and physiological characteristics of the plants, but the stress response is often genotype-dependent. This research used a screening method on nutrient culture media to evaluate 20 local Indonesian genotypes for tolerance to Fe stress by studying the response of root morphology, vegetative growth, and biomass. This research aimed to identify cultivars that were highly resistant to excess Fe from 20 Indonesian local rice accessions. The research was conducted in a greenhouse from May to June 2019 and used a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor consisted of 20 local Indonesian rice accessions. The second factor was the concentration of Fe in the nutrient media (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm Fe). The results showed that the high Fe concentration in the nutrient solution decreased root growth, vegetative growth, and biomass in a genotype-specific manner. The application of > 200 ppm Fe in the medium resulted in inhibition of plant growth characterized by yellowing and dry leaves, a decrease in the number of root branches, root length, number of tillers, leaf length, and shoot/root biomass. Several tolerant cultivars were discovered, including Inpara 9, Lipigo 2, and Sigambiri Merah, which could be useful in tolerance breeding. Evaluation of all parameters identified shoot dry weight and number of leaves as reliable traits to assess Fe toxicity tolerance in rice.
Impact of soil fertilization on arthropod abundance and diversity on soybean agroecosystem Rosma Hasibuan; Olivia Cindowarni; Jamalam Lumbanraja; Favorisen Rosyking Lumbanraja
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230415

Abstract

Abstract. Hasibuan R, Cindowarni O, Lumbanraja J, Lumbanraja FR. 2022. Impact of soil fertilization on arthropod abundance and diversity on soybean agroecosystem. Biodiversitas 23: 1828-1835. Arthropods are biotic components that play an important role in the ecosystem. The field experiment consisting five fertilizer treatments: 100% NPK, 100% organic fertilizer, 100% NPK and 50% organic fertilizer, 50% NPK and 100% organic fertilizer, and no fertilizer was conducted to study the arthropod abundance and diversity in soybean agroecosystem. Pitfall traps were set up for collecting soil arthropods, while data for foliar arthropods were obtained by visual observation. During the study, the soybean agroecosystem was inhabited by 2756 arthropods that belong to 64 families. The results of arthropod community composition indicated that soil and foliar arthropods were most dominated by Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Predators were the most abundant in pitfall traps and herbivores with a visual inspection. Additionally, predators had the highest number of families. Soil fertilizer treatments had a significant impact on the abundance of foliar arthropods and soil arthropods. The highest numbers of foliar arthropods were found in soybean plants treated by inorganic fertilizer (NPK) either alone or in combination. However, soil arthropods were most abundant in soybean treated by organic fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizers to the soybean agroecosystem was able to increase the diversity of ground-dwelling arthropods and foliage-inhabiting arthropods across sampling periods.
Spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in mangrove forest in Pangarengan, Cirebon, Indonesia RIS HADI PURWANTO; BUDI MULYANA; RYAN ADI SATRIA; EMAD HASSAN ELAWAD YASIN; ILHAM SATRIA RADITYA PUTRA; AGIK DWIKA PUTRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230324

Abstract

Abstract. Purwanto RH, Mulyana B, Satria RA, Yasin EHE, Putra ISR, Putra AD. 2022. Spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in mangrove forest in Pangarengan, Cirebon, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1384-1392. The mangrove rehabilitation programs in the northern coastline of West Java showed varying levels of success due to the lack of information on habitat suitability and species distribution. This research aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of mangrove vegetation species, salinity, and mud thickness in Pangarengan mangrove forest, Cirebon, Indonesia. Data on mangrove vegetation, salinity, and mud thickness were collected from 78 randomly distributed sample plots. Species composition was analyzed using important value index, and spatial distribution was examined using QGIS. Results revealed that Rhizophora mucronata was the most dominant and widely distributed species in all areas of Pangarengan mangrove forest with the important value index (IVI) for seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees were 178.69%, 219.71%, 242.21%, and 167.56%, respectively. Avicennia marina showed significant IVI in saplings (59.41%) and trees (105.21%). Other species had an IVI of less than 20% for each growth stage. Salinity ranged from 0-28 ppt and gradually decreased from the shoreline to settlement areas. Mud thickness ranged from 55 to 175 cm but with no regular pattern observed. In conclusion, the Pangarengan mangrove forest was dominated by R. mucronata. Our findings suggest that to enhance the likelihood of success in mangrove rehabilitation programs, R. mucronata might be a good choice, but to increase the species diversity other species might need to be planted by applying specific treatments, such as a vertical aquaponic system.
Diversity and carbon sequestration capacity of naturally growth vegetation in ex-nickel mining area in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia DANANG WAHYU PURNOMO; LILIK BUDI PRASETYO; DIDIK WIDYATMOKO; SITI BADRIYAH RUSHAYATI; IKAR SUPRIYATNA; AKHMAD YANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230330

Abstract

Abstract. Purnomo DW, Prasetyo LB, Widyatmoko D, Rushayati SB, Supriyatna I, Yani A. 2022. Diversity and carbon sequestration capacity of naturally growth vegetation in ex-nickel mining area in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1433-1442. Efforts to restore forest integrity on ex-mining lands are essential to improve environmental quality and sequester carbon. One such effort is through revegetation of post-mined land including in ex-nickel mining in Southeast Sulawesi. This research analyzes the diversity of naturally regenerating plant species in the ex-nickel mining area in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi and determines several local tree species with the potential for carbon sequestration. Vegetation survey was conducted using a systematic nested sampling method at the post-mined site with three vegetation types: secondary forest, shrubs and bushes, and a reference/control site (i.e., natural forest in the nearby Lamedai Nature Reserve). Different types of vegetation were analyzed based on factors using Discriminant Analysis. Vegetation composition was analyzed using the Importance Value Index. Furthermore, biodiversity indicators were analyzed using Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Species Evenness Index, and Sorensen Similarity Index. Carbon absorption was measured using the leaf sample method and carbohydrate test. The results showed that the condition of the research site had been disturbed, and the succession process was still ongoing. The species diversity at all plant levels was classified as moderate category and the distribution of the community was unstable. At the tree level, the undisturbed areas had higher diversity. Eradication of Chromolaena odorata was needed to preserve the native vegetation and accelerate forest succession. Tree species recommended for restoring the ex-nickel mining area and carbon sequestration as core plants include Vitex glabrata R.Br., Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G.Don, Lithocarpus celebicus (Miq.) Rehder, Callicarpa pentandra Roxb., Dacryodes rugosa (Blume) H.J.Lam, Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson, Glochidion rubrum Blume, Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb., and Psychotria calocarpa Ruiz & Pav., and other pioneer plants of Mallotus paniculatus (Lam.) Müll.Arg., Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Müll.Arg., and Macaranga hispida (Blume) Müll.Arg.

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