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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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The role of merA gene of mercury-resistant Escherichia coli from Kahayan River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in emerging antibiotic resistance NATALIA SRI MARTANI; HARI BASUKI NOTOBROTO; EDDY BAGUS WASITO; ARIF RAHMAN JABAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231261

Abstract

Abstract. Martani NS, Notobroto HB, Wasito EB, Jabal AR. 2022. The role of merA Gene of Mercury-resistant Escherichia coli from Kahayan River, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in emerging antibiotic resistance. Biodiversitas 23: 6629-6634. This study collected nine water samples from the upstream, middle, and downstream parts of the Kahayan river, which was heavily contaminated with mercury (Hg). The water was sampled following the collection method of surface water sample (SNI 6989.57-2008). Escherichia coli has been found in the four samples out of nine samples collected. The merA gene of bacteria was identified at 1695 base pairs (bp), bla at 199 bp, tet at 494 bp, cat at 623 bp, and gyrA at 577 bp. The merA gene from S1 from the PCR results was identified at 219 bp. However, the merA gene was not amplified with a primer measuring 1695 bp. Then, sequencing was performed, and the results indicated a 48.551% homology with E. coli Tn5075 nucleotide sequences. On examination of the cat gene, all samples are positive, or target-specific bands are observed (i.e., samples 1, 5, 6, and 7). Following sequencing, 623 bp were found to have nucleotide sequences that were 100% identical to E. coli. In all samples, the gyrA gene is either positive or has a band that corresponds to the target. Meanwhile, the results of nucleotide sequence homology of 99.826% were identical to E. coli at 586 bp. No bla gene or tet gene was identified. Sample 1 plate 1, 3, 4, 5, and sample 5 plate 3 exhibited intermediate results for ampicillin antibiotics, while the remaining results are sensitive to the tested antibiotics. Therefore, the mercury-resistant merA gene found in E. coli from the Kahayan river in Central Kalimantan has not been conclusively linked to antibiotic resistance.
Pollen morphological characters variation among species of Strobilanthes s.l. from Sumatra, Indonesia and its taxonomic implications SURATMAN SURATMAN; SURANTO SURANTO; MUZZAZINAH MUZZAZINAH; PURNOMO PURNOMO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230930

Abstract

Abstract. Suratman, Suranto, Muzzazinah, Purnomo. 2022. Pollen morphological characters variation among species of Strobilanthes s.l. from Sumatra, Indonesia and its taxonomic implications. Biodiversitas 23: 4636-4648. The objective of this study was to evaluate pollen morphological characters variation and its taxonomic value among species of Strobilanthes s.l. from Sumatra. A total of 32 species from four genera previously recognized within the subtribe Strobilanthineae were used for pollen morphology observations using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). A total of ten pollen morphological characters (both quantitative and qualitative) were observed in this study. In general, a great variation occurs in the majority of investigated pollen morphological characters. A similarity dendrogram among species of Strobilanthes s.l. based on pollen morphological character data revealed two major clusters. Cluster I consist of 25 species that differed from species in Cluster II in having pollen type I, pollen type II and pollen type III with a similarity coefficient of 0.61. Cluster II consists of seven species and has pollen type IV, pollen type V, pollen type VI and pollen type VII with a similarity coefficient of 0.46. An identification key to the species of Strobilanthes s.l. based on pollen morphology is also established for easy discrimination of the investigated taxa. This study revealed that pollen morphology was taxonomically useful character for identification and taxa delimitation of Strobilanthes s.l., especially at the species level. The results of this study also support earlier works through molecular studies, statistical analysis, gross morphology observations and leaf anatomy studies that all segregate genera of the subtribe Strobilanthinae should be merged under a single and well-defined genus as Strobilanthes s.l.
Screening of sponge-associated bacteria to control vibriosis in vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) SARJITO SARJITO; ROSA AMALIA; ANINDITIA SABDANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231043

Abstract

Abstract. Sarjito S, Amalia R, Sabdaningsih A. 2022. Screening of sponge-associated bacteria to control vibriosis in vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Biodiversitas 23: 5333-5341. An intensive shrimp culture with a high stocking density causes a higher chance of vannamei shrimp being infected with diseases. The most frequent disease is caused by Vibrio sp. Vibrio might cause a severe production loss in the shrimp culture, leading to larvae and mature stadium mortality at 50%. Therefore, a study on the alternative management of vibriosis disease using biocontrol agents is urgently needed. The sponge is a marine invertebrate that provides as a shelter for microbes to live and symbiosis with the animal. An evident ability of sponge-associated bacteria to produce antimicrobial compounds can be exploited as a biodegradable bio-agent, potentially as a solution to control vibriosis disease in a shrimp. This research aimed to isolate sponge-associated bacteria with vibriosis antibacterial potential. Sampling was done in Tulamben, Bali and Panjang island, Jepara, Indonesia with six sampling sites consisting of 15 sampling points. Moreover, vibriosis bacteria were provided by the laboratory of fish disease at Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP) Jepara. Totally, 24 and 47 pure cultures were successfully isolated using Zobell 2216E agar medium from Tulamben, Bali and Panjang Island, Jepara respectively. The isolates were tested for antibacterial assay using plug agar diffusion methods. The top eight potential isolates were found in isolate B6.3C, B6.3D, B6.4E, B9.3C, PA.1, PA.4, PC.3, and PH.1 against Vibrio vulnificus, V. anguillarum, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, however there was no activity in V. harveyi. The molecular method was carried out to identify those potential isolates using universal primer 16S rRNA. The BLAST homology showed that all potential antibacterial isolates belong to the family Bacilllaceae, such as Bacillus cereus, Virgibacillus salarius, B. aerius, B. paramycoides, B. thuringiensis, and B. altitudinis. Further research will be carried out on microencapsulation and in vivo tests.
Inventory of orchid diversity in Merauke District, South Papua Province, Indonesia KHARISMA PAMMAI; MIMIEN HENIE IRAWATI AL MUHDHAR; MURNI SAPTA SARI; SUEB SUEB; WACHIDATUL LINDA YUHANNA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 11 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231150

Abstract

Abstract. Pammai K, Al Muhdhar MHI, Sari MS, Sueb, Yuhanna WL. 2022. Inventory of orchid diversity in Merauke District, South Papua Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6082-6092. The Orchidaceae is a family with the highest diversity among flowering plants. One of the regions that have high biodiversity is Papua, Indonesia, with an estimate to have around 2869 species of orchids. Nonetheless, such wealth of diversity might be threatened due to habitat loss caused by regional development, thus periodical assessment might be required to see the status of orchid diversity. This study aims to inventory orchids in Merauke, South Papua as Indonesia's natural wealth. We used an exploratory method, collecting samples and documentation, then analyzing the results qualitatively by identifying orchid species using several literature. The results of this study obtained 65 species. Among the species found, there were 10 endemic species to Papua, 19 species included in the IUCN Red List and 65 species included in the CITES list. When compared with the previous study, we also recorded several species which were not documented in the previous study, although there were several species that were no longer found. The absence of some species is likely due to overexploitation and human activities in the form of land conversion which causes a decrease in orchid habitat and changes in the microclimate. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the forest in Merauke District still has the potential to become a natural orchid habitat. However, it should be noted that some human activities can be the cause of the decline in the orchid population in Papua.
Short Communication: Morpho-agronomic performances of bird pepper (Capsicum annuum) lines under varying agro-ecological locations in Indonesia MUHAMAD SYUKUR; ZULFIKAR DAMARALAM SAHID; SOBIR SOBIR; AWANG MAHARIJAYA; ARYA WIDURA RITONGA; SULASSIH SULASSIH; MUHAMMAD RIDHA ALFARABI ISTIQLAL; ABDUL HAKIM; ARYA YUDA PANGESTU; UNDANG UNDANG; TIARA YUDILASTARI; DWIKA SYATTWA ARANDITO; SYAFIK ASHAR; AGHNIYA’UL HASANAH; KARLIN AGUSTINA; RULI JOKO PURWANTO; KARYANI KARYANI; MARLINA MUSTAFA; YOLANDA FITRIA SYAHRI; CITRA RAMLASARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230952

Abstract

Abstract. Syukur M, Sahid ZD, Sobir, Maharijaya A, Ritonga AW, Sulassih, Istiqlal MRA, Hakim A, Pangestu AY, Undang, Yudilastari T, Arandito DS, Ashar S, Hasanah A, Agustina K, Purwanto RJ, Karyani, Mustafa M, Syahri YF, Ramlasari C. 2022. Short Communication: Morpho-agronomic performances of bird pepper (Capsicum annuum) lines under varying agro-ecological locations in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4838-4843. Bird pepper price fluctuations are caused by an imbalance between production and market demand. One effective way to overcome this is to increase the productivity of bird pepper. Genetics and the growing environment of bird pepper greatly affect the productivity produced. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the character of yield and yield components of four genotypes of bird pepper at three lowland locations. Planting was carried out at three locations representing Indonesia's bird pepper growing environment. The planting procedure in all sites was carried out according to the same guidelines. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications. Twenty (20) plants per genotype were planted in each replicate, with 10 plants taken as samples. Shiara IPB had the highest productivity in all environments compared to the other line. The main characteristics that distinguish this variety had a purplish color on the fruit petals when young, and the fruit color was greenish-yellow. Hierarchical cluster analysis results showed that Shiara IPB in almost all observation variables based on legend color was superior. The highest productivity was found in Palembang, followed by Bogor and Kolaka.
Morphological characters variation of Indonesian accession Echinacea purpurea in response to gamma-ray irradiation Agustina Putri Cahyaningsih; ‪Nita Etikawati‬; Ahmad Yunus
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231045

Abstract

Abstract. Cahyaningsih AP, Etikawati N, Yunus A. 2022. Morphological characters variation of Indonesian accession Echinacea purpurea in response to gamma-ray irradiation. Biodiversitas 23: 5351-5359. Indonesia was one of the countries that introduced E. purpurea as a medicinal plant. Accessions of E. purpurea that have been successfully cultivated in Indonesia have narrow genetic diversity, lack accession variation, and have almost uniform tillers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different doses of gamma-ray irradiation on morphological characteristics of E. purpurea accession B2P2TOOT. The experimental design was a Randomized Block Design with three replications, and six doses of gamma-ray irradiation (0, 15 Gy, 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 40 Gy, and 60 Gy) were used. The qualitative morphological data were presented descriptively; quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by a DMRT test at a 5% level with SPSS 16.0 application. The Dice similarity algorithm analyzed the similarity index, group analysis, and dendrogram construction using the UPGMA method with the NTSYS 2.02 application. Gamma-ray irradiation treatment increased the survival rate of E. purpurea plants grown in tropical lowlands. A dose of 15-60 Gy gamma irradiation did not affect the qualitative morphology of E. purpurea roots, stems, and leaves. Irradiation at doses of 40 Gy and 60 Gy resulted in flowers with more variation in color, overall flower shape, and arrangement of ray floret. Gamma irradiation significantly affected plant height, leaf length, leaf area, flower angle, and the first day of flowering. The 40 and 60 Gy doses resulted in longer leaves with wider leaf surfaces. The dendrogram revealed that E. purpurea irradiation resulted in two main groups, with doses of 40 and 60 Gy forming their groups and increasing morphological variation by 30% compared to controls.
Population dynamics of blood clams Tegillarca granosa in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Bahtiar Bahtiar; Muhammad Fajar Purnama; Ma'ruf Kasim; Ermayanti Ishak
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 10 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231015

Abstract

Abstract. Bahtiar, Purnama MF, Kasim M, Ishak E. 2022. Population dynamics of blood clams Tegillarca granosa in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5084-5092. Blood clams (Tegillarca granosa) are bivalves found in the intertidal areas of ??Kendari Bay which are subjected to ecological stresses. Therefore, this study aims to determine the population dynamics of blood clams in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, in terms of their size structure, growth, mortality, and exploitation level from March 2018-February 2019. The samples were collected with scoop nets in ten 5x5 m2 transects. Water quality parameters were monitored every sampling period. The length of the shells was measured using a caliper with an accuracy of 0.05 mm. The data were processed using the Bhattacharya method, inverse von Bertalanffy model, length-converted catch curve, and Pauly's empirical data, respectively. All of the methods were accommodated in the FiSAT II version 3.0 program. Results showed that the blood clams were divided into 2-3 size categories, namely young adult, adult, and old age, where the most dominant was the adult size group. The growth pattern of the samples was based on the equation Lt = [6.67-(6.67-0.025)] e-0.72t. The majority of the blood clams were distributed in the 1-2 years age group. Natural, fishing and total mortalities (Z) of the blood clams were 2.18 yr-1, 0.29yr-1, and 3.09yr-1, respectively, with an exploitation rate (E) of 0.29 (underexploited).
Comparative study on Pb absorption ability of five shade plant species in industrial estate and urban forests of Bekasi, Indonesia DAYANA ZULFADILLAH INTAN; RATNA YUNIATI; RETNO LESTARI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240271

Abstract

Abstract. Intan DZ, Yuniati R, Lestari R. 2023. Comparative study on Pb absorption ability of five shade plant species in industrial estate and urban forests of Bekasi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1289-1294. The expansion of the transportation and industrial sectors is detrimental to the environment. Lead is one of the most typical contaminants they produce (Pb). As biological agents, shade plants lower the air's Pb contamination. This study observed leaf Pb absorption from five species of shade plants such as Terminalia catappa L. (Sea almond tree); Swietenia macrophylla King. (mahogany); Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. (raintree); Mangifera indica L. (mango); and Nephelium lappaceum L. (rambutan). This research was conducted at two different sites: Patriot urban forest (Bekasi City) and MM2100 Industrial Estate (West Cikarang Subdistrict, Bekasi District) of West Java Province, Indonesia. The objectives of this study were to analyze the ability of five plant species to absorb Pb and the correlation between Pb absorption with peroxidase enzyme activity and chlorophyll content. The Pb absorption was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), while the peroxidase enzyme activity and chlorophyll content were analyzed using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that Pb absorption by plant species in research sites was not significantly different (sig.>0.05), meaning that different shade plant species and research sites did not significantly affect Pb absorption. Sea almond tree had the highest average Pb absorption (7.24 µg/g), followed by mahogany (5.44 µg/g), mango (3.4 µg/g), raintree  (3.17 µg/g) and rambutan (2.33 µg/g). The correlation and regression analysis showed that Pb absorption had no significant effect on chlorophyll content (0.173>0.05), and the direction of its correlation was negative (-0.317). It means that the chlorophyll content does not affect lead uptake. The correlation and regression analysis showed that Pb absorption significantly affected peroxidase enzyme activity (0.028<0.05), and the direction of its correlation was positive (0.490). It means that Pb absorption did not significantly affect chlorophyll content but significantly affected peroxidase enzyme activity.
Isolation and identification of fungi associated with Falcataria moluccana gall-rust in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia YUNIK ISTIKORINI; NOFITA NUR CAHYANI; NOOR FARIKHAH HANEDA; HASYYATI SHABRINA; ADITYA NUGROHO; FITRI INDRIANI; ULFAH JUNIARTI SIREGAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231211

Abstract

Abstract. Istikorini Y, Cahyani NN, Haneda NF, Shabrina H, Nugroho A, Indriani F, Siregar UJ. 2022. Isolation and identification of fungi associated with Falcataria moluccana gall-rust in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6171-6179. Gall-rust disease caused by Uromycladium falcatariae is the most important disease of sengon in Indonesia. Plant pathogenic parasitism as a biological control mechanism is usually associated with fungal biocontrol agents. This study aimed to isolate and identify the fungi associated with the sengon gall rust from the Forest Management Unit of Jatirejo, Indonesian State Forest Company, Kediri. Fungi were isolated from the black or gray-green patches of gall-rust samples on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates. The fungi were identified using macroscopic and microscopic examinations. The molecular identification of fungal DNA was amplified by PCR using a specific internal transcribed spacer primer (ITS1/ITS4). The PCR products were sequenced and compared with the other related sequences in GenBank (NCBI). DNA barcode identification results showed 9 isolates containing of 8 species, namely Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. chlamydosporum, F. circinatum, F. incarnatum, F. verticillioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and Pestalotiopsis palmarum. This result showed that the Fusarium was the most fungi commonly found fungi on the gall's rust teliospore surface.
Two new species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from Central and Southwestern Thailand PIYAPORN SAENSOUK; THAWATPHONG BOONMA; SARAYUT RAKARCHA; CHARAN MAKNOI; MATHEE WONGNAK; SURAPON SAENSOUK
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230925

Abstract

Abstract. Saensouk P, Boonma T, Rakarcha S, Maknoi C, Wongnak M, Saensouk S. 2022. Two new species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from Central and Southwestern Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 4578-4588. Two new species of Curcuma L. are described. The first species, Curcuma suphanensis P. Saensouk, Boonma, Rakarcha, Maknoi, Wongnak & S. Saensouk sp. nov. was found in Suphan Buri province, Central Thailand, and the second species namely C. rosea P. Saensouk, S. Saensouk & Boonma sp. nov. was found in Uthai Thani province, Southwestern Thailand. Both species fall into the subgenus Ecomata because of the lack of conspicuous coma bract, and the presence of epigynous glands. This brings the number of species in this subgenus worldwide to 37 species. Living specimens and spirit specimens of both new species were collected from their natural habitats, morphological attributes measured, and compared to all existing species. Neither species match any previously-described species, therefore, both of them are new species to science. The first was named Curcuma suphanensis based on its province of origin (Suphan Buri Province), and the second species was named Curcuma rosea, on account of its pinkish bracts. Morphological descriptions along with their illustrations, notes on their ecology, etymology, and distributions, are presented along with a revised key to species of Curcuma subgenus Ecomata worldwide to facilitate identification.

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