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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Exploring the potency of Streptomyces koyangensis strain SHP 9-3 isolated from the soil of Enggano Island (Indonesia) as an antibacterial source DELVI SARA JIHAN PAHIRA; EMA DAMAYANTI; PUSPITA LISDIYANTI; MUSTOFA MUSTOFA; TRIANA HERTIANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240315

Abstract

Abstract. Pahira DSJ, Damayanti E, Lisdiyanti P, Mustofa, Hertiani T. 2023. Exploring the potency of Streptomyces koyangensis strain SHP 9-3 isolated from the soil of Enggano Island (Indonesia) as an antibacterial source. Biodiversitas 24: 1460-1466. Streptomyces is a Gram-positive bacterium with the potential a produce beneficial antimicrobials. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity, morphological characteristics, cytotoxicity, and chemical profile of S. koyangensis SHP 9-3. This bacterium was isolated from Enggano Island, Indonesia, and the morphological characteristics were determined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Cultivation was conducted in the International Streptomyces Project (ISP-2) media using baffled flasks and a shaker incubator. The secondary metabolites were conducted on the extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans by a twofold dilution method. Concurrently, cytotoxicity testing was done on Vero cells. The extract’s chemical profile was analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The results showed a prominent antibacterial activity as the extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus and C. albicans at 7.81 µg/mL. However, a growth inhibition against E. coli was observed at 250 µg/mL and P. aeruginosa at 31.25 µg/mL. The cytotoxic test showed the IC50 value on Vero cells was 5,015 µg/mL, indicating that the extract was nontoxic against Vero cells. The chemical profile of the extract by LC-MS/MS revealed the presence of five major components, i.e., cyclo (Pro-Val) (C10H16N2O2), kuraramine (C12H18N2O2), 1,4-diphenyl-1-pentanone (C17H18O), (3S,4S)-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methyl heptanoic acid (C21H42N2O7), and 2-ethyl-8-methyl-2,8-diazaspiro (4,5) decane-1,3-dione (C11H18N2O2).
Spatial distribution of vegetation diversity, timber production, and carbon storage in secondary tropical rainforest at South Kalimantan, Indonesia SUYANTO SUYANTO; YUSANTO NUGROHO; MOEHAR MARAGHIY HARAHAP; LIA KUSUMANINGRUM; PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA WIRABUANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231208

Abstract

Abstract. Suyanto, Nugroho Y, Harahap MM, Kusumaningrum L, Wirabuana PYAP. 2022. Spatial distribution of vegetation diversity, timber production, and carbon storage in secondary tropical rainforest at South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6147-6154. Sustainable management in secondary tropical rainforests requires basic information about stand characteristics, mainly related to productivity and biodiversity. This study aimed to quantify vegetation diversity, timber production, and carbon storage from various sites of secondary forests in South Kalimantan. Forest inventory was conducted using a census method at seven different natural forest management unit compartments. Four parameters were measured from each tree, including the type of species, commercial categories, tree diameter, and tree height. Individual tree volume and biomass were estimated using allometric equations, while carbon storage was determined using a conversion factor from biomass. Three indicators were used to evaluate vegetation diversity: richness, heterogeneity, and evenness. The analysis of correlations was applied to examine the relationship between vegetation diversity and stand productivity with a significant level of 5%. Results found that there were 41 tree species in the study site comprising 20 commercial and 21 non-commercial species. The highest richness (R') was recorded in compartment 18X by approximately 4.0, while the most increased heterogeneity (H') and evenness (E') were observed in compartment 18Y by around 2.4 and 0.7, respectively. The accumulation of timber production varied in each site, with a range of 45.46-68.32 m3 ha-1. The highest carbon storage was noted in compartment 19Y (38.74±1.79 t C ha-1), while the lowest was found in compartment 18W (20.76±0.93 t C ha-1). The relative contribution of commercial species to timber production and carbon storage was substantially higher than non-commercial species at all sites. However, there was not a significant correlation between vegetation diversity and stand productivity (P>0.05). Overall, our study concluded that the secondary tropical forest ecosystems in the site had good vegetation diversity, timber production, and carbon storage.
Lexicon of medicinal plants in traditional medicine in the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe (West Kalimantan, Indonesia): An ethnolinguistic approach YUDITA SUSANTI; MARKUS IYUS SUPIANDI; HENDRIKUS JULUNG; SITI ZUBAIDAH; SUSRIYATI MAHANAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240146

Abstract

Abstract. Susanti Y, Supiandi MI, Julung H, Zubaidah S, Mahanal S. 2023. Lexicon of medicinal plants in traditional medicine in the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe (West Kalimantan, Indonesia): An ethnolinguistic approach. Biodiversitas 24: 391-398. The Dayak Tamambaloh community in Temau Village, Embaloh Hulu Subdistrict, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, still maintains local wisdom in utilizing plants as basic ingredients for traditional medicine. In the process of traditional medicine, the Tamambaloh Dayak people use the local lexicon. However, local knowledge related to traditional medicine in the Tamambaloh Dayak tribe is only conveyed orally from generation to generation and does not have written scientific documentation. This study aimed to record local traditional medicinal plants, lexicon, phonetics and the function of medicinal plants used by the Dayak Tamambaloh community. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. Research data were obtained through in-depth interviews and documentation. Informants in this study were traditional leaders, village midwives, shamans, and people who often use medicinal plants. Analysis of research data was to describe the spoken language of the medicinal plant lexicon into written language using elan, classifying, describing, analyzing, and interpreting the results of research on the lexicon and the function of medicinal plants in traditional medicine in the Dayak Tamambaloh community. The results obtained 33 medicinal plant lexicons, 33 medicinal plant functions, and 25 medicinal plant species in 24 families. The most widely used families were Arecaceae (2 species), Asteraceae (2 species), Blechnaceae (2 species), Bombacaceae (2 species), Liliaceae (2 species), Myrtaceae (2 species), Piperaceae (2 species), Rubiaceae (2 species), and Solanaceae (2 species). The results of this study become the basis for preserving traditional medicine in remote tribes that still maintain local wisdom.
Growth of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on young maize colonized with endophytic fungus Beauveria bassiana from South Sumatra, Indonesia DETYA ROSA FADDILAH; MARIESKA VERAWATY; SITI HERLINDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231264

Abstract

Abstract. Faddilah DR, Verawaty M, Herlinda S. 2022. Growth of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on young maize colonized with endophytic fungus Beauveria bassiana from South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 6652-6660. The aim of present research was to evaluate the seed treated effect of endophytic Beauveria bassiana isolated from soil and infected-host cadavers on the growth of S. frugiperda. The three isolates (TaBrPGA, LtApPGA, and TaTtLH) of B. bassiana identified molecularly were used for bioassay. The research confirmed that isolates of B. bassiana isolated from soil and infected-host cadavers of Lepidoptera were endophytic entomopathogenic fungus. All isolates of endophytic B. bassiana caused negative effects on the growth of S. frugiperda larvae. TaTtLH isolate of B. bassiana was the most pathogenic isolate (73% of larvae mortality) among the other isolates. B. bassiana in seed treatment could retard the growth of S. frugiperda larvae, pupae, and adults. The endophytic B. bassiana could also kill the pupae and adults of S. frugiperda, and decrease the pupae and adult emergence. Beauveria bassiana could decrease 86% of adult emergence. Beauveria bassiana applied in seed treatment could protect since the stored corn seeds and the young maize plant against S. frugiperda. So, endophytic B. bassiana could be recommended to protect the stored corn seeds.
Molecular identification of thermophilic bacteria with antimicrobial activity isolated from hot springs in North Sumatra, Indonesia CHRISMIS NOVALINDA GINTING; FINNA PISKA; HARMILENI HARMILENI; EDY FACHRIAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240210

Abstract

Abstract. Ginting CN, Piska F, Harmileni, Fachrial E. 2023. Molecular identification of thermophilic bacteria with antimicrobial activity isolated from hot springs in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 752-758. Microorganisms such as thermophilic bacteria are promising sources of antimicrobial compounds due to their abundance, which has yet to be widely investigated. Therefore, this study aims to identify thermophilic bacteria isolated from natural hot springs, Sidebuk Debuk, in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The bacteria were isolated from sediments and hot springs water. Isolated 10 bacteria were characterized and identified based on their morphological and biochemical properties, which included gelatinase activity, motility, citrate utilization, triple sugar iron agar test, catalase test, cell shape, color, and Gram staining. Antimicrobial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The most potential isolates were identified molecularly by amplification of 16S rRNA genes using universal primers. The sequences result were trimmed and assembled using BioEdit and submitted to BLAST to determine the homology of the bacteria. The isolate ITU9 was identified as Bacillus megaterium and exhibited the best antimicrobial activity with an inhibition zone of 9.5 mm against S. aureus during 72 h of incubation. This research showed that the thermophilic B. megaterium strain ITU9 was successfully isolated from Sidebuk Debuk hot springs and had stable antimicrobial activity for 72 h against E. coli and S. aureus.
Yield quality of Setaria italica accessions originated from Numfor Island, Papua, Indonesia SYUKUR KARAMANG; ARIFFIN ARIFFIN; EKO WIDARYANTO; NURUL AINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240364

Abstract

Abstract. Karamang S, Ariffin, Widaryanto E, Aini N. 2023. Yield quality of Setaria italica accessions originated from Numfor Island, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1878-1885. Pokem (Setaria italica L. Beauv) is among the various germplasms of food plant diversity in Papua, especially in Numfor Island along with its traditional cultivation. Huge attention is needed in sustaining plant development due to its high nutritional value. Therefore, the study aims to (i) search for S. italica accessions with the highest yields and nutrient content in ex-situ cultivation, and (ii) S. italica gain accessions from the island of Numfor which contains phytochemical and antioxidant activity compounds. This study was carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Papua in Amban Manokwari. The plant materials used were 15 accessions of S. italica grains derived from existing cultivated locations of Numfor Island, Papua. The experiment was carried out using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 replications. Yield component characters, nutritional content, total flavonoid and phenolic content, as well as antioxidant activity were observed. The results revealed that accession Sub Manggunsi 3 (SM3) had the highest grain yield. Based on nutrient contents, the highest recorded by Namber 2 (NM 2) accession for carbohydrate content, followed by Sub Manggunsi 2/SM2 (raw fiber), Kansai 3/KN3 and Sub Manggunsi 3/SM3 (protein content), Sub Manggunsi 1/SM1 (water content), Kameri 3/KM3 and Rimba Raya2/RR2 (fat content), Namber 3/NM3 (ash content); while Kameri 1 (KM1) accession, Rimba Raya 2 (RR2) and Kansai 1 (KM3) accession performed high content of total flavonoid, total phenol and antioxidant activity.
Waterlogging and salinity stress affecting growth and morphological character changes of Limnocharis flava SIDIQ PERMANA PUTRA; SANTOSA SANTOSA; YUSTINA CAROLINA FEBRIANTI SALSINHA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240140

Abstract

Abstract. Putra SP, Santosa, Salsinha YCF. 2023. Waterlogging and salinity stress affecting growth and morphological character changes of Limnocharis flava. Biodiversitas 24: 333-340. Salinity stress and waterlogging affect plant growth response. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in salinity concentration (NaCl) and water depth on the growth and morphological characters of Genjer (Limnocharis flava) plants. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 replications with a variable depth of water (W) consisting of W0 = 0 cm from the soil surface, W1 = 5 cm from the soil surface, W2 = 10 cm from the soil surface, and treatment of variations in salt concentration. (NaCl) (S) as many as 4 levels, namely S0 = 0 ppm, S1 = 25 ppm, S2 = 50 ppm and S3 = 75 ppm. Statistical analysis with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed the interaction of high NaCl concentration and higher water depth decreased wet weight, dry weight, height, length and width of leaves of L. flava. The concentration of NaCl significantly affects the growth morphology and anatomy of L. flava. The high concentration of NaCl reduced the wet weight, dry weight, height, length and width of the leaves of L. flava. The high concentration of NaCl causes changes in the anatomical structure of L. flava. Water depth significantly affects the growth morphology and anatomy of L. flava. The higher water depth reduces the wet weight, dry weight, height, length and width of the leaves of L. flava. There is an interaction between NaCl concentration and water depth. The high concentration of NaCl and high level of­­ water depth reduced the wet weight, dry weight, height, length and width of the leaves of L. flava.
Composition and diversity of weedy rice species in lowland irrigated rice field of Argao, Cebu, Philippines EDGARDO P. LILLO; MARIA LEVY M. CHAVEZ; ARCHIEBALD B. MALAKI; STEVE MICHAEL T. ALCAZAR; RAYNILDA R. BAOY; MARVIN A. MARGATE; MICHELLE ABRIGANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231223

Abstract

Abstract. Lillo EP, Chavez MLM, Malaki AB, Alcazar SMT, Baoy RR, Margate MA, Abrigana M. 2022. Composition and diversity of weedy rice species in lowland irrigated rice field of Argao, Cebu, Philippines. Biodiversitas 23: 6275-6283. Weeds serve as a severe challenge for rice growers, causing annual crop losses worldwide. The study aims to provide baseline information on the composition and diversity of weedy rice species in lowland irrigated rice fields of Argao, Cebu, Philippines, as a basis for farmers' weed management practices. Field surveys were done using the quadrate method. A quadrate measuring 1m x 1m was randomly placed in weed-infested rice plantation areas. Weedy rice species inside the quadrate were identified. The diversity of species was computed using Shannon diversity index. A total of 53 species were recorded and classified into 21 families and 40 genera. Dominant weedy rice species during the vegetative stage was Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn., and Fimbristylis quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth. for both the reproductive and harvesting stage. The site has a computed diversity value of H'=3.36 with a relative value of high species diversity, indicating less input in terms of weed management practices. The cluster analysis reveals that the lowland rice fields of Argao were covered by seven weedy rice communities. This situation could create a negative impact on rice production output. The similarity in species composition among sampling sites signifies uniformity in the application of specific weed management practices.
Isolation and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) MUTHIA MUHARANI FAIS; YURNALIZA YURNALIZA; LIANA DWI SRI HASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 12 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231255

Abstract

Abstract. Fais MM, Yurnaliza Y, Hastuti LDS. 2022. Isolation and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle). Biodiversitas 23: 6564-6569. Endophytic fungi are a group of functional microorganisms from plants that can be used as a sustainable source to produce bioactive metabolites including pharmaceuticals. Citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) is a kind of medicinal plant that could be used to research the capabilities of endophytic fungi it harbors. The objective of this study was to isolate different endophytic fungi from leaves and stem of citronella plant that may be able to produce antibacterial substances. The bacteria Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were used in plug agar method to determine the potency of endophytic fungi as antibacterials. Using ITS1F and ITS4R primers, endophytic fungal isolates were identified molecularly. Result showed that total 20 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained from citronella, 15 isolates from stem and 5 isolates from leaves. Three fungal isolates i.e. CNB 254, CNB 253, and CND 111, exhibited highly potent antagonistic activity against tested bacteria. The ethyl acetate extract had a higher antibacterial ability than methanol extract based on the diameter of inhibition zone formed. The three potential isolates were molecularly identified and submitted to GenBank, such as Trichoderma atrobrunneum CNB 253 (OP584477), Trichoderma afroharzianum CNB 254 (OP584478), and Fusarium pernambucanum CND 111(OP584479). The results of this study revealed that citronella grass has a relationship with endophytic fungi that include strains that may be exploited as a source of antimicrobials.
Limnonectes from Enggano Island (Indonesia) with comments on its taxonomic status Ade Damara Gonggoli; Vestidhia Yunisya Atmaja; Ahmad Muammar Kadafi; Evy Ayu Arida; Amir Hamidy
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240154

Abstract

Abstract. Gonggoli AD, Atmajaya VY, Kadafi AM, Arida EA, Hamidy A. 2023. Limnonectes from Enggano Island (Indonesia) with comments on its taxonomic status. Biodiversitas 24: 473-480. Limnonectes shompenorum is a fanged frog known to be distributed in the satellite islands of the western coast of Sumatra and some parts of mainland Sumatra. This frog was also recorded in Enggano Island, but the taxonomic status and morphological data information still need to be studied. Herein, we examined L. shompenorum from Enggano Island based on molecular methods using the 16S rRNA gene and redescribed its morphological characters. The phylogenetic trees were constructed using Neighbor-Joining (NJ), Maximum Likelihood (ML), and Bayesian Inference (BI) analysis, and morphological measurements were taken using 23 characters. The results demonstrate that L. shompenorum is a monophyletic group and a sister taxon of L. macrodon. The monophyletic group of L. shompenorum consists of two clades (A and B) with relatively large genetic distances within the population (0.00-5.10%), representing distinct interspecific lineages. Clade A consists of the Enggano population with a genetic distance within the population of 0.00-0.48%, and clade B consists of the Mentawai Islands and Mainland Sumatra with a genetic distance within the population of 1.48-2.74%. The Enggano population is closer to the Mentawai population (2.47-2.74%) than the Sumatra population (3.52-5.10%). Our genetic data aligns with previous studies that indicate the Enggano population possibly comes from the Mentawai population. Morphologically, L. shompenorum from Enggano Island is similar to the original description, however it has consistent, distinctive characteristics by having the fourth finger longer than the second finger in females. Further research using broader molecular data, including the holotype population, is needed to confirm the taxonomic status of L. shompenorum.

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