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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from traditional food sarobuong of Kuantan Singingi District, Riau, Indonesia SARYONO SARYONO; ISMAWATI ISMAWATI; NOVA WAHYU PRATIWI; SILVERA DEVI; MERRY YOHANA SIPAYUNG; NABELLA SURAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240432

Abstract

Abstract. Saryono, Ismawati, Pratiwi NW, Devi S, Sipayung MY, Suraya N. 2023. Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from traditional food sarobuong of Kuantan Singingi District, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2201-2206. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are commonly used as probiotic agents in fermented processed foods like sarobuong. Sarobuong is a traditional food from Kuantan Singingi District made by fermenting bamboo shoots. In this study, the isolation and purification of LAB from sarobuang were done using MRS agar media with the streak quadrant method: macroscopic and microscopic observations and biochemical and physiological tests to identify isolates. The antibacterial ability of LAB isolates was used against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that 21 isolates were gram-positive bacteria in the form of bacilli and coccus, while carbohydrate degradation was homofermentative. The results of the antibacterial test of 21 isolates indicated by LAB against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria showed a clear zone ranging from 0.1 to 0.6. The highest antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria E. coli was observed in isolate RB1, while for pathogenic bacteria S. aureus, it was in isolate R15. The results obtained from several isolates that have been tested showed that LAB isolated from sarobuong had relatively higher activity than the control and was identified as Lactobacillus and Streptococcus.
Structure, composition and diversity of tree species in Martelu Purba Nature Reserve, North Sumatra, Indonesia AHMAD BAIQUNI RANGKUTI; KANSIH SRI HARTINI; ARIDA SUSILOWATI; RIDAHATI RAMBEY; MOEHAR MARAGHIY HARAHAP; HAFIZAH ARINAH; LASWI IRMAYANTI; PRIJANTO PAMOENGKAS; FITRI INDRIANI; PENIWIDIYANTI PENIWIDIYANTI; ALHARIS RUHIDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240111

Abstract

Abstract. Rangkuti AB, Hartini KS, Susilowati A, Rambey R, Harahap MM, Arinah H, Irmayanti L, Pamoengkas P, Indriani F, Peniwidiyanti, Ruhidi A. 2023. Structure, composition and diversity of tree species in Martelu Purba Nature Reserve, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 78-85. Martelu Purba Nature Reserve is one of the conservation areas in North Sumatra that functions to protect biodiversity. However, there is limited information related to the vegetation community contained in the nature reserve. This study aimed to assess the diversity, structure and composition of tree species in the Martelu Purba Nature Reserve as well as to reveal the conservation status of the species in reserve. The research used the line transect method with a total of 112 observation plots representing various vegetation and environmental conditions. The results showed that there were 39 tree species belonging to 25 families, with 31, 25, 24, and 26 species at the tree, pole, sapling, and seedling stages, respectively. Shorea platyclados and Syzygium cerasiforme were species with the highest Important Value Index (IVI) at the tree and pole stages with 173.04% and 31.01%, respectively, while Gamblea malayana was the most important at the sapling and seedling stages with IVI of 66.43%, and 30.00%, respectively. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') was categorized as low (1.58), the Margalef species richness index (DMg) was high at all growth stages, and the Evenness index (E) was high, indicating that all species were evenly distributed across the research plots. The distribution of tree diameter classes ranged from 20 - 40 cm for trees with the smallest diameter to 81-110 cm for trees with the largest diameter. Based on their conservation status, there were two species with conservation concerns, namely Coffea arabica (Endangered) and Lithocarpus maingayi (Vulnerable). The application of good silvicultural methods needs to be carried out in the context of conservation efforts. One example is through vegetative propagation of species with long flowering periods.
Genetic diversity of the genus Citrus in Tomini Bay coastal areas, Indonesia based on morphological characters NOVRI YOULA KANDOWANGKO; FEBRIYANTI FEBRIYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 5 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240549

Abstract

Abstract. Kandowangko NY, Febriyanti. 2023. Genetic diversity of the genus Citrus in Tomini Bay coastal areas, Indonesia based on morphological characters. BIodiversitas 24: 2938-2952. Citrus plants are one of the fruit plants that are widely consumed by the community, both for food, health, and customs. The existence of Citrus plants in the coastal area of Tomini Bay only grows wild and has not been cultivated intensively. Lack of information on the diversity of citrus and the use of Citrus plants that are not balanced with cultivation actions will threaten the existence of these Citrus plants. This research aims to provide information about the morphological characteristics of the genus Citrus in the coastal area of Tomini Bay. The plant materials used were 39 accessions consisting of 7 species. Descriptive methods and diversity index calculations as well as analysis of phenetic consanguinity data were applied in this study. The results showed that all Citrus accessions have morphological diversity ranging from stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds that are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The diversity index (H’) was equal to 0.8103 which was categorized as low. The 39 Citrus accessions were divided into two main clusters with a similarity index of 64.3%. The findings of this study are expected to be useful in Citrus breeding and conservation programs in the future.
Abundance and diversity of plant parasitic nematodes associated with vegetable cultivation on various types of organic fertilizers Siwi Indarti; Taryono Taryono; Chandra Wahyu Purnomo; Ayu Suci Wulandari; Rina Maharani
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240241

Abstract

Abstract. Indarti S, Taryono, Purnomo CW, Wulandari AS, Maharani. 2023. Abundance and diversity of plant parasitic nematodes associated with vegetable cultivation on various types of organic fertilizers. Biodiversitas 24: 1010-1016. Planting organic crops is inextricably linked to the presence of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes (PPNs) as a limiting factor. A survey was conducted to determine the abundance and prevalence of PPNs, their correlation with soil chemical properties, and their diversity index in October 2019 at the organic land of the Agrotechnology Innovation Centre, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Kalitirto, Sleman, Special District of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The organic land was designed as three blocks of different organic fertilizers, including milk sludge fertilizer, cow manure fertilizer, and goat manure fertilizer. The samples were taken by simple randomized sampling method with replications and composited for each treatment in each vegetable plot. Three nematode genera of PPNs were associated with organic vegetable crops in Agrotechnology Innovation Centre, Rotylenchulus sp., Meloidogyne sp., and Helicotylenchus sp. The most common PPNs found was Rotylenchulus sp. with populations of 1388/5 gr roots and 1064/100 mL soil. The other genera, Meloidogynesp. and Helicotylenchus sp. were found with less than 100 nematodes per 5 gr of roots and per 20 gr of soil. C-organic was positively correlated with the Rotylenchulus sp. population. The C/N ratio had a positive effect on the Meloidogyne sp. population, while N-total had a negative effect on the Meloidogyne sp. population. The PPN community diversity index value on the organic land was low (range 0.36-0.37). It indicated that the habitat conditions were relatively homogeneous. It is necessary to carry out integrated management of nematodes to suppress Rotylenchulus sp. population in addition of organic fertilizers on this land.
Soil arthropod diversity in three different land management intensities of Wanagama Forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Arina Damayanti; Ananto Triyogo; Musyafa Musyafa
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240355

Abstract

Abstract. Damayanti A, Triyogo A, Musyafa. 2023. Soil arthropod diversity in three different land management intensities of Wanagama Forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1799-1808. Soil arthropods represent a wide range of ecological functions, and information on their abundance and diversity can be used as an indicator of the health and fertility of an ecosystem. Land use development, techniques, frequency, and management intensity can affect the arthropod soil population. The purpose of this study was to investigate how arthropods respond to soils managed in (NM) in various ways, such as intensive management land (IM), medium land management (MM), and land without management (NM). Field data was collected on the three areas for three months using an observation plot of 20x20 m2, followed by soil and litter samples taken using the monolith method from five points measuring (50x50x5) cm3 in each observation plot. Pitfall traps and the Berlese-Tullgrenn method were used to collect the soil arthropods from the sample monolith of each plot. As a result, seven dominant taxa of soil arthropods were identified: Collembola, Formicidae, Acari, Araneae, Coleoptera, Gryllidae, and Termitidae. This study found a significant difference in arthropod soil abundance based on land type, with NM, MM, and IM having the highest abundance, respectively. Individual abundance, however, was not followed by arthropod soil richness. With a diversity index of 3.61, MM has the highest species richness, followed by IM (3.03) and NM (0.39). Morphospeciesdiversity differences within each taxon follow land type differences. This study shows that different environmental conditions occur due to differences in land management, which can impact the population, abundance, and diversity of soil arthropods. Furthermore, the frequency and intensity of land management should be evaluated to ensure that people do not have a negative impact on the presence of beneficial soil arthropods.
Species diversity of medically important necrophagous flies in Southwest Iran Morteza Akbari; Javad Rafinejad; ‪Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan; Ali-Ashraf Aivazi; Ali Jalilian; Soraya Sheikhi; Kamran Akbarzadeh
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240316

Abstract

Abstract. Akbari M, Rafinejad J, Fazeli-Dinan M, Aivazi AA, Jalilian A, Sheikhi S, Akbarzadeh K. 2023. Species diversity of medically important necrophagous flies in Southwest Iran. Biodiversitas 24: 1467-1472. Species diversity of medically important necrophagous flies in Southwest Iran. Biodiversitas 24: 1467-1472. The insects are the most successful group in the phylum Arthropoda. Flies are among the most diverse group of insects and organisms. Flies can affect human health in many ways, such as the transmission of a wide range of pathogens and myiasis. Species diversity is the middle level of the hierarchical system of biodiversity. Flies, like other insects, are sensitive to biotic and abiotic factors, and their biodiversity will change under different climatic conditions. This study was performed in Ilam province, in southwest Iran. Two methods were used for collecting the flies, including bottle traps and insect nets. Fly collections were done monthly at each collection site for a year, and to identify the trapped flies, reliable identification keys were used. Calculation of fly species diversity indices was done based on the Shannon-Wiener index, species dominance based on the Simpson dominance index, species richness employing the Margalef's index, and evenness was performed based on the Evenness index. Different aspects of species diversity were calculated using PAST V.3 software. The dominance and abundance of necrophagous flies were higher in the south of the province. The highest evenness was related to the north of the province. A comparison of the diversity of necrophagous flies also indicated that the north of the province has a high species diversity. A significant and positive relationship between fly frequency and the temperature was seen. There was also a significant and negative relationship between the frequency of flies and humidity. The results of this study completed one of the research puzzles on the biodiversity of Iranian flies. The abundance and diversity of necrophagous flies were high in the Ilam province, especially in spring.
Inhibitor a-glucosidase activity of Pediococcus acidilactici DNH16 isolated from Dali ni Horbo, a traditional food from North Sumatra, Indonesia EDY FACHRIAL; SARI ANGGRAINI; HARMILENI HARMILENI; SARYONO SARYONO; TITANIA T. NUGROHO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240235

Abstract

Abstract. Fachrial E, Anggraini S, Harmileni, Saryono, Nugroho TT. 2023. Inhibitor a-glucosidase activity of Pediococcus acidilactici DNH16 isolated from Dali ni Hhorbo, a traditional food from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 958-965. Traditional foods, specifically those made from milk, are a potential source of probiotics. These components positively impact digestion and inhibit ?-glucosidase, implying that they can be used as supplements for type 2 diabetes patients. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify probiotics from Dali ni Horbo, which have a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolates from Dali ni Horbo were characterized morphologically and biochemically using Gram staining, Catalase test, and type of fermentation. They were further analyzed for their probiotic properties, namely antimicrobial activity, using agar diffusion, acid resistance, and bile salt with a spectrophotometer. Isolates that showed the highest antimicrobial activity, acid resistance, and bile salt were then further analyzed for their ?-glucosidase inhibitor activity. The samples were then identified molecularly using PCR amplifying the 16S rRNA gene. The PCR products were sequenced and submitted to the NCBI GenBank to determine the homology of the microorganism. The results showed that 1 out of 23 isolates, namely DNH16, had the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone of 4.6 mm. It also has a high tolerance to acidic environments and bile salt, indicated by the percentage growth of 91.6% and 66.5% in an MRS medium containing 0.3% bile salt with a pH of 3. DNH16 isolate showed a-glucosidase inhibitor activity of 27% and was identified as Pediococcus acidilactici. The results show DNH16 has the potential to be used as a probiotic as well as an a-glucosidase inhibitor.
Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in the Dayak Linoh Tribe in Sintang District, Indonesia HENDRIKUS JULUNG; MARKUS IYUS SUPIANDI; BENEDIKTUS EGE; SITI ZUBAIDAH; SUSRIYATI MAHANAL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240212

Abstract

Abstract. Julung H, Supiandi MI, Ege B, Zubaidah S, Mahanal S. 2023. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in the Dayak Linoh Tribe in Sintang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 767-775. The Linoh Dayak people have long used medicinal plants to deal with health problems in their community. However, along with the advancement of science, the influx of foreign cultures and the degradation of nature and the environment, traditional knowledge about medicinal plants is only owned by the older generation, and the transmission of information is limited by word of mouth and not well documented. This study aimed to document various medicinal plants used by the Dayak Linoh people. The research used a qualitative approach using field surveys. Informants were selected using the purposive sampling method. The informants interviewed consisted of customary leaders (key informants), village heads (main informants), and recommended informants, such as traditional birth attendants (village midwives), hamlet heads, and community members who know medicinal plants. Medicinal plant data were obtained through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation related to the local names of the plants, the parts used, and how to manage and use them. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results showed that 55 species of medicinal plants consisting of 34 plant families were used by the Dayak Linoh tribe. The most widely used part of the plant is the leaf (39, 71%). People in the community boiled the leaves and drank the extract. The most used families in the three tribal communities of the Dayak Linoh tribe, were Zingiberaceae (9 species) and Myrtaceae (3 species). The plant parts used by the Dayak Linoh tribe were root, tuber, rhizome, stem, bark, banana heart, fruit, fruit skin, leaf, and seed. The Dayak Linoh tribe used medicinal plants to treat boil (7 plants) and for postpartum stamina recovery (7 plants). The communities processed and used the medicinal herbs conventionally by boiling and drinking.
Mapping coral cover using Sentinel-2A in Karimunjawa, Indonesia ERIDHANI DHARMA SATYA; AGUS SABDONO; DIAH PERMATA WIJAYANTI; MUHAMMAD HELMI; RIKHA WIDIARATIH; AGUS ANUGROHO DWI SURYOPUTRA; GENTUR HANDOYO; ARDIANSYAH DESMONT PURYAJATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240219

Abstract

Abstract. Satya ED, Sabdono A, Wijayanti DP, Helmi M, Widiaratih R. 2023. Mapping coral cover using Sentinel-2A in Karimunjawa, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 827-836. Coral reefs in the Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) have their own charm, especially for snorkeling and divers, it can be seen from the number of tourist visits which tends to increase every year, except for 2020 to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the impact of tourism on coral reef cover in KNP, with islands selected as representatives of high, medium and low level of tourist visits using Sentinel-2A. Comparison of Sentinel-2A coral cover area in 2020 with previous research which used Landsat 8 data in 2018 showed decrease in coral cover area by 16.5% and an increase in sand area by 24.1% for island of high tourist visits. It can be seen that tourism activities have significant impact on coral cover area, especially snorkeling and diving activities that are intentional or not potentially damaging to coral reefs. Sentinel-2A's ability to detect coral area is reliable, since field data is needed as input for data processing to identification locations in detail as needed. Coral area in 2020 using Sentinel-2A obtained for Menjangan Besar Island and Menjangan Kecil, Sintok Island, Tengah Island and Seruni Island were 1.88 km2, 0.303 km2, 0.318 km2, 0.237 km2 respectively.
Fishing methods and fishing season of the tropical lobster fisheries of Southern Java, Indonesia ARIEF SETYANTO; SUMARNO SUMARNO; D. G. R. WIADNYA; CAHYO PRAYOGO; Z. KUSUMA; R. J. WEST; MARTIN TSAMENYI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240213

Abstract

Abstract. Setyanto A, Sumarno, Wiadnya DGR, Prayogo C, Kusuma Z, West RJ, Tsamenyi M. 2023. Fishing methods and fishing season of the tropical lobster fisheries of southern Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 778-783. Tropical lobster fisheries represent a relatively small-scale but valuable export industry in Indonesia, but in many ways may fall within the category of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fisheries. The absence of useful fisheries information means the management strategies and plans to manage the fisheries is severely limited. This research aimed to provide information about the fishing gear, methods, and fishing season of the fisheries, as a precursor to the development of fisheries management strategies. The study was conducted at Watukarung, Pacitan (East Java) and Baron, Gunungkidul (Yogyakarta). Fisheries data on lobster catch, fishing methods and fishing effort were collected through direct observation and interviews with fishers, fishery officers and port managers. Catch data were analyzed using ordinations technique to determine the fishing season. Lobsters were captured in various fishing gears throughout the year, but fishers targeting lobsters primarily used specialized lobster nets deployed by small boats and “krendet” (traps) deployed from clifftops as well as from small boat. The main fishing season for lobsters was from November to February each year. Future research needs to investigate fishing capacity and population parameters before any comprehensive fisheries management can be undertaken.

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