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The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS)
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20872852     EISSN : 23381655     DOI : 10.21776/ub.jels
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) is a scientific journal published by Postgraduate School, University of Brawijaya as distribution media of Indonesian researcher’s results in life science to the wider community. JELS is published in every four months. JELS published scientific papers in review, short report, and articles in Life Sciences especially biology, biotechnology, nanobiology, molecular biology, botany, microbiology, genetics, neuroscience, pharmacology, toxicology, and Applied Life Science including fermentation technology, food science, immunotherapy, proteomics and other fields related to life matter. JELS is a scientific journal that published compatible qualified articles to the academic standard, scientific and all articles reviewed by the expert in their field. The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) have a vision to become qualified reference media to publish the best and original research results and become the foundation of science development through invention and innovation on cellular, molecular, nanobiology, and simulation work related to life matter rapidly to the community. The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) has objectives to published qualified articles on research’s results of Indonesian researchers in life science scope. JELS encompasses articles which discuss basic principles on natural phenomenon with cellular, molecular, and nanobiology approach.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 299 Documents
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Assessment of Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activities of Rice Berry Extracts for Body Cream Products Tikapunya, Tiparat; Jumpatong, Kanlaya; Lapinee, Chaipat; Sansomchai, Pahol
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.04

Abstract

The utilization of natural extracts as an ingredient in cosmetic products becomes a better choice for customers. Rice berry has been defined as a potential source of anti-free radical properties which is able to be formulated in cosmetic products. Therefore, the objectives of this study are 1) to investigate an antioxidant by ABTS and ABTS assays, total antioxidant compounds by phenolic and total flavonoids assays, and cell viability to fibroblast NIH3T3 (IC80) of ethanol and aqueous extracts of rice berry by MTT test, 2) to evaluate cream stability of each formulates adding different concentrations of rice berry extracts. The results showed that both extraction solvents did not show cytotoxicity to fibroblast NIH3T3 (IC80). However, the ethanol rice berry extracts exhibited a higher total phenolic compound, total flavonoid content, and anthocyanin content than the water rice berry extracts. The physical properties of each cream formulated, including rice berry extracts, showed no unacceptable properties. It can conclude that rice berry extracts have the potential to be a natural ingredient in cosmetic products after studies of the antioxidant properties, antioxidant compounds, cytotoxicity to normal fibroblast, and physical properties after being added to cosmetic cream. Keywords: Antioxidant, cream stability, flavonoids, normal fibroblasts, rice berry.
Shelf Life and Quality Stability Determination of Drying Shredded Dumbo Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Nugroho, Matheus; Susanti, Eli; Sugiono, Sugiono
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.06

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of the quality and shelf life of dried shredded African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The method used in this study was quantitative research using an experimental method using a completely randomized design with three different drying treatments. The stability of the drying quality of African catfish shredded (Clarias Gariepinus) was the color of African catfish shredded with varying methods of drying, giving panelist scores ranging from 2.36 to 4.4; organoleptic value of African catfish floss ranged from 2.88 to 4.16; panelists' assessment of the texture of African catfish shredded ranged from 2.12 - 4.56; the taste of African catfish floss ranges from 2.08 to 4.44. Shredded African catfish with different drying durations that were most in demand by panelists was sample A3 shredded African catfish steamed and dried for 4 minutes in a spinner machine with a color score of 4.4, aroma 4.16, texture 4.56, and taste 4.44.  The results of measurements using distribution turnover explained that the shelf life of shredded catfish could last up to 7 months and was reduced to 6 months to anticipate product damage earlier. Keywords: quality, shelf life, shredded dumbo catfish.
Analysis of Microbial Abundances in Biofilms and Water in Hypersaline Environments with Different NaCl Levels Zamzami, Ilham Misbakudin Al; Kilawati, Yuni; Pramudia, Zulkisam; Susanti, Yogita Ayu Dwi; Kurniawan, Andi
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.07

Abstract

Biofilm is the dominant habitat for aquatic microbes that can grow in various aquatic conditions, including environments with extreme conditions. One of the extreme conditions found in aquatic ecosystems is a hypersaline environment. As part of aquatic biological resources, microbes can also live in this environment. However, although it is the predominant habitat of microbes, biofilms in hypersaline environments have yet to be widely explored. Understanding biofilms in hypersaline environments, especially salt ponds, will increase knowledge about microbial biofilms. The knowledge can open opportunities for using microbes as aquatic resources, such as aquaculture or environmental biotechnology. This study analyzed microbial abundance in biofilms and water in hypersaline environments. The water is from salt ponds on the South Coast of Malang Regency, Indonesia, with different salinity levels (2%, 25%, and 40%). Microbial abundance was analyzed using the culture method using several culture media (Modified Nutrient Agar, Modified Total Plate Agar, Mannitol Salt Agar, and Casein Medium Agar). The substrate for biofilm growth is HDPE, often used as a bottom coating for salt ponds and shrimp ponds. Moreover, this study also analyzed water quality parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, temperature) during the biofilms' forming process. The results of this study indicate that the abundance of good microbes that grow in the biofilm or the water around the biofilm is strongly influenced by the type of media used for culturing. The main composition of the most influential media is peptone. The density of microbes in the biofilm is hundreds to thousands of times higher than that in the surrounding water. The results of this study also show that the presence of microbes in both water and biofilm affects the water quality properties in hypersaline environments. Keywords: aquatic ecosystem, biofilm, hypersaline, microbial ecology.
Morphological Variation of Asian Small Lizards genus Tytthoscincus Linkem, Diesmos & Brown (Squamata : Scincidae) in Indonesia Firmansyah, Richo; Riyanto, Awal; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.05

Abstract

Morphological variations in species with a relatively broad distribution, including the genus Tytthosincus, were likely a result of island isolation. This research was conducted to map the morphological variations of the genus Tytthoscincus in Indonesia. A total of 32 specimens of the Tytthoscincus scientific collection in the Zoologicum Bogoriense Museum (MZB) - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) and identified as T. temmincki, T. textus, and T. parvus have been examined and data collection which includes six morphometric characters and 12 meristic characters. Morphometric data were analyzed in univariate and multivariate. Univariate analysis was carried out by the Kruskal-Wallis test, while multivariate analysis was done with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) test. The results showed morphology in T. temmincki and T. textus, namely the number of loreal scales and tympanum diameter. Both T. temmincki and T. textus consist of two groups, but the morphological variation in T. temmincki and T. textus in this study has yet to provide certainty as a different species. However, one was T. textus Type 2, isolated from other species on Jampea Island, Sulawesi. Further research was needed to clarify the taxonomic status of these variations by increasing the number of adequate samples supported by the molecular analysis approach. Keywords: meristic, morphometric, species, Tytthoscincus, variation.
The Impact of Releasing Domestic Dogs on the Spread of Rabies Disease and Its Prevention Ahmad Fitri, Afit; Marsudi, Marsudi; Trisilowati, Trisilowati
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.09

Abstract

The government's program to achieve rabies-free status by 2030 is an initiative to accelerate the eradication of rabies cases in Indonesia. Rabies is a highly contagious disease with a 100% fatality rate, and dogs are the main carriers of the virus. The government's efforts to minimize rabies cases include vaccination of susceptible animals, eliminating rabid dogs, and implementing dog population management (MPA). Field observations indicate that the practice of releasing domestic dogs allowing them to roam freely, has led to an increase in rabies cases. Using mathematical modeling, this husbandry system's impact can be simulated. Based on the model analysis, it is determined that a maximum of 15% of domestic dogs should be allowed to roam freely. If this threshold is exceeded, it becomes necessary to ensure a minimum of 20% vaccination coverage and eliminate at least 1% of rabid dogs. Keywords: Dogs, Rabies Disease, Releasing Domestic Dogs.
Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of COVID-19 Transmission Involves Virus in the Environment Azizah, Maratus Sholihatul; Trisilowati; Shofianah, Nur
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.08

Abstract

This paper is aimed to develop a new COVID-19 mathematical model involving viruses in the environment. In this mathematical model, the human population is divided into five subpopulations: susceptible, exposed, infected, hospitalized, and cured individuals. In addition, the model also contains the virus population in the environment. Infection in the model occurs due to interactions between susceptible individual subpopulations and infected individuals and hospitalizations, as well as the spread of the virus in the environment. Based on the results of dynamic analysis, this model has two equilibrium points, the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points. The disease-free equilibrium point always exists, and both equilibrium points are locally asymptotically stable if they meet the Routh-Hurwitz criteria. Model sensitivity analysis was carried out on model parameters that affect the basic reproduction number with the most sensitive parameters are the natural death rate, the recruitment rate, the transmission rate of the virus in the environment, the virus clearance rate, and the rate of wearing PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), as well as the parameter that does not affect the basic reproduction number that is the rate of leaving the recovered population. Numerical simulations performed show results in accordance with the analysis, also from the simulations can be concluded that the increase (or decrease) of the transmission rate of the virus in an environment that has a higher sensitivity index has more significant influences on the basic reproduction number and the number of infected population than the transmission rate of hospitalized individuals. Keywords: Basic Reproduction Number, Dynamics Analysis, Epidemic Models of COVID-19, Local Stability Analysis, Sensitivity Analysis.
Particle Swarm Optimization – Extreme Learning Machine with Decreasing Inertia Weight for COVID-19 Prediction in Surabaya Tuloli, Mohamad Handri; Anam, Syaiful; Nur Shofianah
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.03.01

Abstract

COVID-19 has spread all throughout the world, even to Indonesia. Surabaya becomes one of Indonesia's major cities where COVID-19 is fast spreading, culminating in a large number of positive cases and over 1000 deaths from the disease by November 2020. The number of positive COVID-19 cases predicted can be utilized to limit hospital facility availability and develop plans and policies for tackling the illness outbreak. One of the many prediction systems identified is the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). ELM has a quick and precise training speed. However, the performance of ELM depends on the number of neurons. When the number of neurons is not precisely specified, prediction accuracy suffers. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has the ability to optimize the number of node ELM neurons so the ELM can achieve better results. The number of neurons is determined using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with decreased inertia weight. As a result, this research proposes predicting COVID-19 instances in Surabaya using a hybrid of PSO and ELM (PSO-ELM) with decreased inertia weight. The studies reveal that the offered techniques with different activation functions work comparably well in predicting COVID-19 instances in Surabaya. The best MAPE is achieved using the sigmoid activation function with the number of hidden layer nodes around . Keywords: Covid-19, Optimization, Prediction, PSO-ELM.
Corrigendum: Morphological Variation of Asian Small Lizards Genus Tytthoscincus Linkem, Diesmos & Brown (Squamata : Scincidae) in Indonesia Firmansyah, Richo; Riyanto, Awal; Kurniawan, Nia
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.10

Abstract

CORRIGENDUM.
Re-fermentation of Green Liberica Coffee (Coffea Liberica) Beans: Impact on the Caffeine and Antioxidant Content of the Roasted Beans Sunarharum, Wenny Bekti; Umami, Hindun Riza; Kartika, Annisa Aurora; Septiana, Siska; Mahatmanto, Tunjung
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2023.013.02.001

Abstract

Coffee is renowned for its delightful taste and associated health benefits. A growing preference for lower-caffeine coffee is evident, but traditional decaffeination processes can inadvertently deplete vital bioactive compounds like antioxidants. This research explores the effects of re-fermentation on green liberica coffee beans to alter their caffeine and antioxidant levels. The re-fermentation was achieved using water and coffee cherry extract as media, while a control sample without re-fermentation was used for comparison. The study focused on caffeine content and antioxidant activity, measured as IC50. The results show that re-fermentation, whether with water or coffee cherry extract, led to decreased caffeine content and increased antioxidant activity. The re-fermentation process utilizing coffee cherry extract yielded the lowest caffeine content at 0.12% and exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 11.00 ± 1.21 ppm. Keywords: Antioxidant, caffeine, green coffee beans, liberica, re-fermentation.
Effect of Curcumin (Curcuma xanthorriza) and Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Ethanol Extract on Improvement of Mice Sperm Quality Exposed by Monosodium Glutamate Aprilia, Niken Herny Lidya Aprilia; Rahayu, Sri; Marhendra, Agung Pramana Warih
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.01.03

Abstract

Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza) and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum Theilade) contain antioxidant compounds that play an important role in inhibiting the negative effects of the excessive administration of free radicals. Excessive free radicals affect the spermatogenesis process. Which results in decreased sperm quality. This research determined the effect of administering ethanol extract of ginger and red ginger on the sperm quality of mice exposed to MSG. This study used 25 male mice (Mus musculus), aged 2.5 – 3 months and weighing 25 – 30 g, which were randomly divided into five groups: P0 (control), P1 MSG 4 mg.g-1 bw, P2 MSG 4 mg.g-1 bw and C. xanthorriza extract 0.2 mg.g-1 bw, P3 MSG 4 mg.g-1 bw and Z. officinale extract 0.4 mg.g-1 bw, P4 4 mg.g-1 bw, and a combination of C. xanthorriza extract 0.1 mg.g-1 bw and Z. officinale extract 0.2 mg.g-1 bw, MSG, and all extracts were administered orally for 30 days. On the 31st day, the mice were dissected, and epididymis was collected for sperm quality analysis, such as motility, viability, abnormality, and spermatozoa concentration. Subsequently, the sperm quality data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA through the SPSS 16.0 program for Windows (P<0.05), followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. The addition of both single and combination from C. xanthorriza and Z. officinale can ameliorate motility, viability, and spermatozoa compared with the group that was only given by MSG. Thus, adding temulawak (C. xanthorriza) and red ginger (Z. officinale) ethanolic extract can also ameliorate the mice's sperm quality. Keywords: C. xanthorriza, MSG, sperm quality, Z. officinale

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