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The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences (JELS)
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20872852     EISSN : 23381655     DOI : 10.21776/ub.jels
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) is a scientific journal published by Postgraduate School, University of Brawijaya as distribution media of Indonesian researcher’s results in life science to the wider community. JELS is published in every four months. JELS published scientific papers in review, short report, and articles in Life Sciences especially biology, biotechnology, nanobiology, molecular biology, botany, microbiology, genetics, neuroscience, pharmacology, toxicology, and Applied Life Science including fermentation technology, food science, immunotherapy, proteomics and other fields related to life matter. JELS is a scientific journal that published compatible qualified articles to the academic standard, scientific and all articles reviewed by the expert in their field. The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) have a vision to become qualified reference media to publish the best and original research results and become the foundation of science development through invention and innovation on cellular, molecular, nanobiology, and simulation work related to life matter rapidly to the community. The Journal of Experimental Life Science (JELS) has objectives to published qualified articles on research’s results of Indonesian researchers in life science scope. JELS encompasses articles which discuss basic principles on natural phenomenon with cellular, molecular, and nanobiology approach.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 299 Documents
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The Comparison Effect of DOCA and L-NAME on T Cells Activation in the Preeclampsia Mice Model Khodijah, Riska Amalia; Christina, Yuyun Ika; Dwijayanti, Dinia Rizqi; Rahayu, Sri; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Djati, Muhammad Sasmito
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.03.03

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a systemic disorder of pregnancy characterized by the maternal immune system's failure to properly adapt to fetal antigens, resulting in chronic inflammatory responses. This research aimed to examine the effects of DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate) and L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) in inducing preeclampsia in pregnant BALB/c mice, focusing on lymphocyte activation. Twenty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: NP (non-pregnant mice), P (healthy pregnant mice), D (pregnant mice received DOCA), and L (pregnant mice received L-NAME). DOCA was dissolved in corn oil and administered subcutaneously at 12.5 mg.kg-1 BW before pregnancy and 6.5 mg.kg-1 BW weekly during pregnancy. L-NAME was administered daily starting from day 5 of pregnancy. Mice were dissected on day 16 of pregnancy, and the spleen was isolated to analyze the relative number of CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ T cells. The results showed that DOCA and LNAME exhibited fewer CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ T cells than healthy pregnant mice. The administration of DOCA at 12.5 mg.kg-1 BW (before mating) and 6.5 mg.kg-1 (day 7 of pregnancy) was more effective in triggering the activation of CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ T cells than the others indicated by the lowest number of CD4+CD62L+ and CD8+CD62L+ T cells. However, the conclusion of which one is more effective in inducing preeclampsia has not been reached. This is due to the many parameters that must be observed related to preeclampsia. Further studies are needed, especially examining proinflammatory cytokine production in T cells after induction with both inducers. Keywords: DOCA, L-NAME, Lymphocyte, Mice, Preeclampsia.
Evaluation of TNF-α and IFN-γ Levels in Macrophage of Preeclampsia Mice Model Induced by DOCA and L-NAME Susanti, Winda Karina; Christina, Yuyun Ika; Dwijayanti, Dinia Rizqi; Rahayu, Sri; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Djati, Muhammad Sasmito
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.03.05

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy disorder characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and chronic inflammation that potentially leads to multiorgan failure. This study investigated differences in the relative number of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ & TNF-α) in preeclamptic mice induced by DOCA and L-NAME. Eighteen pregnant BALB/c mice (n=6): pregnant mice without any treatment (P), pregnant mice treated with Deoxycorticosterone acetate/DOCA (D), and pregnant mice treated with N-ω-L-arginine Methyl Ester/L-NAME (L) and healthy nonpregnant mice as control (NP). DOCA at 12.5 mg.kg-1 BW was injected subcutaneously before mating and 6.5 mg. kg-1 BW after mating every week for 16 days. L-NAME was administered orally at 75 mg.kg-1 BW daily after five days of gestation. Mice were dissected in the second trimester (day 16), and then the spleen was isolated to analyze the relative number of CD11b+IFN-γ+ and CD11b+TNF-α+ using flow cytometry analysis. The results showed that DOCA and L-NAME induction did not significantly induce the production of TNF-α levels in the macrophage of pregnant mice. However, both DOCA and L-NAME significantly induce the production of IFN-γ levels in the macrophage of pregnant mice. Further evaluation of other markers related to preeclampsia should be done to better understand the roles of DOCA and L-NAME in inducing preeclampsia. Keywords: DOCA, L-NAME, mice, preeclampsia, pregnant.
Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Transfection in HEK-293T Cells for VLP Applications Rohmah, Ilmiana Nurur; Hafil Kusuma, Kavana; Ika Christina, Yuyun; Rizqi Dwijayanti, Dinia; Mustikaningtyas, Dewi; Widodo, Nashi; Sasmito Djati, Muhammad
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.03.02

Abstract

The spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 works mainly to initiate infections, especially for binding to host cells and fusing with cell membranes. Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 spikes protein transfection cells could optimize the production of VLP in HEK-293T cells. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expression in transfected HEK-293T cells. Characterization of spike protein in transfected-HEK 293T cells was used to determine VLP formation in SARS-CoV-2. The study was conducted by isolating DNA and protein from transfected HEK 293T cells and analyzing spike expression using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Flow Cytometry. The success of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein transfection in PCR analysis has yet to be confirmed because DNA band smears do not specifically indicate the spike protein's size. However, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was successfully confirmed using flow cytometry with the percentage of spike-EGFP by 30%. Therefore, the present study confirmed the presence of spike protein in transfected HEK 293T cells by flow cytometry analysis. Keywords: Coronavirus, Characterization, DNA, Spike, Virus-Like Particle (VLP)
Analysis of Urban Groundwater Quality in Dryland Areas of Kebbi State, Nigeria Abubakar Usman, Abdulqadir; Wali, Saadu Umar; Shera, Ibrahim Muhammad
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.03.04

Abstract

This study aims to assess the physicochemical composition of groundwater in the dryland area of Kebbi State, Nigeria. Groundwater samples were collected from four urban areas – Argungu, Birnin Kebbi, Gwandu, and Kalgo. Forty water samples from deep wells, i.e. boreholes/hand pumps, were obtained and analyzed. Twelve physicochemical parameters were analyzed, and these include Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chloride (Cl-), Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca2+), Iron (Fe3+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Zinc (Zn2+), Cupper (Cu2+) Bicarbonates (HCO3-) and Sodium (Na+). The Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) assessment of groundwater quality for the four urban areas revealed that 45% of the water sources were good quality, 35% were poor quality, and 5% were very poor quality. A 15% were unsuitable for drinking due to the high concentration of EC, TDS, Fe3+, Cu2+, and Ca2+ ions. The physicochemical examination of groundwater from four urban areas showed results that satisfied the WHO drinking water standard. Results from a non-parametric statistical test (Kruskal-Wallis) showed a significant difference in EC and TDS are significant at < 0.001 in the groundwater of Gwandu, while no significant differences exist in the physicochemical parameters of Argungu, Birnin Kebbi, and Kalgo. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that rock weathering controls groundwater quality primarily. However, correlations between TDS and other physicochemical parameters are indications of anthropogenic contributions to groundwater pollution in the study area.  The overall assessment of the Water Quality Index in the study area indicates that groundwater needs treatment, proper maintenance, and compliance with the world standard. Keywords: Groundwater, Physicochemical parameters, Water quality, Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI).
Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics in Coastal Sediment and Seawater Collected from Surabaya and Tulungagung Indriyasari, Khudrotul Nisa; Rahmatin, Nailul Muthiati; Marchellina, Ary; Mukholladun, Wildanun; Soegianto, Agoes
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2024.014.03.06

Abstract

This research attempted to determine the abundance and characteristics, including morphology, color, and size of microplastics found in coastal sediment and seawater of Wonorejo, Surabaya, which is located on the north coast of East Java, and Popoh, Tulungagung on the south coast of East Java. Water and sediment samples were collected during the dry season with two replications. The standard method of water sample laboratory preparation and microplastic identification was carried out using NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS-OR&R-48, while the sediment sample was prepared with several modifications. The average microplastic abundance in Surabaya and Tulungagung seawater samples is equal to 2100 particles m-3 and 170 particles m-3, respectively. Meanwhile, as many as 740 particles kg-1 and 350 particles kg-1 were found consecutively in sediment samples of Surabaya and Tulungagung. Microplastics in seawater samples were dominated by 44.7% red and 80.9% fiber, while 43.1% black and 51.4% fiber microplastics were primarily found in sediment samples. The microplastic size ranges from 30—1450 μm in seawater samples and 50—3750 μm in sediment samples. Keywords: abundance, characteristics, microplastics, seawater, sediment.
Isolation of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria from Rhizosphere of Sugarcane Plantation as Candidates for Biofertilizer Bin yahmed, Altayib; Mustafa, Irfan; Rahayu, Farida
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2025.015.01.04

Abstract

Exploration of nitrogen-fixing bacteria as a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilizers is important in agriculture. The study aims to isolate and characterize the potential nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) from soils of several sugarcane fields in East Java. Specifically, the bacteria were isolated from sugarcane fields in Blitar, Ngawi, and Glugur Malang. Soil samples were collected, and NFB were isolated using an Nfb medium. Next, the ability of these isolates to fix nitrogen in a liquid medium was evaluated by measuring the ammonium released after different incubation periods (24, 72, and 120 hours). The study obtained five potential isolates that grew well on the agar medium and changed the medium’s pH. Significant growth and pH increase at the liquid medium were observed across the isolates over time. This rise in pH was not always attributed to the ammonia production by those NFB. Only two isolates released ammonia at detectable concentrations as much as 1.13 mg.L-1 and 1.40 mg.L-1, respectively. Hence, isolates C and D were selected as potential NFB for application in replacing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer. Keywords: biofertilizer, environmental sustainability, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, rhizosphere.
Optimization Methods and Food Safety Consideration of Edible Film: A Mini Review Delima, Meita Putri; Widjanarko, Simon Bambang; Mahatmanto, Tunjung
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2025.015.01.01

Abstract

Conventional food packaging plastics harm the environment due to their non-biodegradability, resulting in the accumulation of microplastics. Edible films present an eco-friendly packaging alternative capable of extending the shelf life of food products. These biodegradable films may be derived from natural biopolymers such as proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids. This mini-review explores the optimization techniques for edible film production and their safety in food applications. The information may be used to select effective optimization methods and appropriate safety tests for edible film formulation. Optimization methods, like Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD), may enhance the properties of edible films and reduce production costs effectively. However, studies advise against using mixture designs for edible films containing more than three ingredients. To ensure safety, edible films must be made using materials that are Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and comply with regulatory standards set by the Food Drug Administration (FDA). From an applied perspective, toxicity tests (in vitro or in vivo) may be performed to evaluate the health implications of edible films and offer a more comprehensive view of their benefits and limitations in food packaging. Keywords: Edible Film, Food Safety, Optimization method.
Phytochemical Profiles, DPPH Radical Inhibition Effectiveness, and Cytotoxic Potential of Polyherbal Plants in T47D Cell Line Wahyuningsih, Nadia; Rahayu, Sri; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2025.015.01.02

Abstract

Breast cancer subtypes include luminal A, luminal B, HER2, triple-negative, and normal-like. Antioxidants, ROS, and cancer have a close relationship. Cancer cells exhibit an elevated ROS level, which can be used for selective cell-based therapeutic targeting. Therefore, developing potential therapeutic potential therapeutic options is crucial. Herbal medicine has gained much interest in treating cancer. Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana), cumin (Nigella sativa), turmeric (Curcuma longa), soursop (Annona muricata), and meniran (Phylanthus niruri) potentially have a role as anticancer agents and were used as alternative medicine. This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals total content, DPPH radical inhibition, and cytotoxicity of the polyherbal plants to the T47D cell line. The antioxidant analysis was conducted using DPPH assay, and the phytochemicals analysis was determined using total flavonoid (TFC), phenolic (TPC), and alkaloid (TAC) content. The cell viability assessment was performed using the WST-1 method. The antioxidant analysis revealed that the IC50 value of polyherbal medicine is 213.65 µg.ml-1. The phytochemical analysis showed that the highest content is the flavonoid compared to others, with a value of 138.986 mgQE.mg-1. Other than that, the cell viability assessment showed that the IC50 of the herbal medicine is 480.8 µg.mL-1. These findings indicated that combining turmeric, cumin, meniran, Indian jujube, and soursop has moderate cytotoxicity against the T47D cell line since it can reduce T47D cell line viability at high doses. Keywords: antioxidant, breast cancer, herbal medicine, phytochemicals, T47D cell line.
Integrated Pest Management Model with Natural Enemy and Pest-Harvesting Luthfi, Muhammad; Suryanto, Agus; Darti, Isnani
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2025.015.01.03

Abstract

This research aims to develop a mathematical model that describes the dynamics of pests, natural enemies, and refugia plants within the framework of Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The model integrates biological control through predation, mutualistic relationships between natural enemies and refugia plants, and mechanical control through pest harvesting. The proposed model is then analyzed dynamically to study its qualitative behavior. It has been shown that the solutions of the proposed model are non-negative and finite, demonstrating the biological feasibility of the model. We also analyze the local stability of the equilibrium point to gain insight into the system's long-term behavior and to identify conditions that allow effective pest control. We show that the model has seven feasible equilibrium points, but only four of them are stable under certain conditions. In particular, the pest-free equilibrium point is conditionally stable, indicating the potential for effective pest control. Finally, we perform several numerical simulations to confirm the results of our analysis, especially the stability of the four stable equilibrium points. This study provides insight into integrating biological and mechanical strategies in pest management, emphasizing the importance of ecological interactions for sustainable agriculture.   Keywords: integrated pest management, local stability, natural enemy, numerical simulation, refugia plant.
Pulmonary Function Disorders in Crews of Purse Seine Fishing Vessels Manuputty, Monalisa; Matakupan, Johanna; Latuhihin, Richard
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2025.015.01.05

Abstract

The working environment with chemical factors on fishing vessels is related to exhaust gases produced from the combustion process when the engine is operating. The chemical content of exhaust gases includes Carbon monoxide (CO) and particles in the form of dust. Unwittingly, exposure to these exhaust gases enters the crew's respiratory system while working and can cause lung problems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of dust and CO variables, working period, and discipline in the use of masks on pulmonary function disorders in purse seine crews. This cross-sectional descriptive study began by distributing questionnaires about the working environment conditions with chemical factors and the discipline of using masks to 45 crew respondents. Then, the levels of dust and CO on the ship were checked. The lung function performance was also checked on the crews. The data obtained were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis method. The results of pulmonary function examinations on crews showed that 71.62% of respondents had pulmonary function disorder. The results of data analysis based on the relationship between variables showed that dust and CO variables had a significant effect on pulmonary function disorders. Variables of working period and discipline on using masks also affect pulmonary function disorders directly or as moderator variables from dust and CO variables.   Keywords: CO, Dust, Pulmonary Function Disorders, Purse seine.

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