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All Journal Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Jurnal Media Gizi Indonesia (MGI) The Indonesian Biomedical Journal PAEDAGOGIA Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Indonesian Journal of Medicine Journal of Maternal and Child Health Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Jurnal Abdidas Indonesian Journal of Global Health research JURNAL ETIKA KEDOKTERAN INDONESIA Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sasambo Proceedings of the International Conference on Nursing and Health Sciences Proceeding Muhammadiyah International Public Health and Medicine Conference The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Smart Society Empowerment Journal Media Dermato-Venereologica Indonesiana Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Tri Nugraha Susilawati

Department Of Microbiology, Faculty Of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta

Author-ID : 1465041

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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The Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Wasting in Children Under Five: A Meta-Analysis Study Wijiwinarsih, Amallia; Susilawati, Tri Nugraha; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.42 KB)

Background: Wasting is a form of malnutrition that has become a serious global health problem for the past few decades. Global prevalence of wasting is reported to reach 52 million or 7.7% of the under-fives. Global coverage of exclusive breastfeeding was still as low as 40%. The purpose of this study was to due a meta-analysis on the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on wasting in children under five.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis study conducted from PubMed, SCOPUS, DOAJ, BASE, EBSCO, Emerald, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar databases. This study sought a systematic review with observational study design and multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (AOR) analysis. Wasting was defined as weight for height (WHZ) Z score <-2. The data were analyzed by RevMan 5 meta-analysis program with a fixed effect and random effect analysis model.Results: There were 13 articles included in this study. Based on 3 study design, exclusive breastfeeding could prevent the risk of wasting in children under five with each meta-analysis result from a cross-sectional study 0.42 times (OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.28 to 0.62; p <0.001), case-control studies 0.38 times (OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.27 to 0.54; p <0.001), and cohort studies 0.75 times (OR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.55 to 1.04; p = 0.08). There was no publication bias in the results of the cross-sectional and case-control study meta-analysis, but there was in the results of the meta-analysis of the cohort study.Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding can prevent wasting in children under five.Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, wasting, observational studyCorrespondence: Amallia Wijiwinarsih.Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir, Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126.Email: amalliawijiwinarsih@gmail.com. Mobile: 0857261706.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(2): 87-96https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.02.04

The Effectiveness of Adding Probiotic to Antimicrobial Agents for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Systematic Review Darmayanti, Aquartuti Tri; Murti, Bhisma; Susilawati, Tri Nugraha
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 2, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Common antimicrobial regimens for treating bacterial vaginosis often cause recurrence and bacterial resistance. Previous studies have reported that a combination of antimicrobial and probiotic consisting of Lactobacillus spp. Is an effective treatment for recurrent bacterial vaginosis. Lactobacillus plays an important role in vaginal health by replacing the pathogenic colonies in vagina. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of adding probiotic to antimicrobial therapeutic for the prevention of bacterial vaginosis(BV) recurrence.Subjects and Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Springer Link and the Cochrane. The review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in primary hospitals and private clinics. The Amsel criteria and Nugent score were used for diagnosis appraisal of bacterial vaginosis. were included in this systematic review consisting of the two types of bacterial vaginosis treatment. All pooled data analyses were based on random-effects models and intention to treat (ITT). Data were analyzed using Rev Man 5 software.Results: The review included 5 RCTs involving 692 women on reproductive age underwent treatment of BV for 5 days or more.The studies showed that combination of probiotic and antimicrobial treatment reduced the risk of bacterial vaginosis recurrence a half time compared to antimicrobial treatment alone(RR= 0.49; 95% CI= 0.17 to 1.44).Conclusion: Adding probiotic to antimicrobial regimens is more effective than antimicrobial regimens alone for treating bacterial vaginosis recurrence.Keywords: probiotic, antimicrobial, bacterial vaginosis recurrence, randomized controlled trialCorrespondence: Aquartuti Tri Darmayanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: tutiaquar@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281329380114.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2017), 2(3): 161-168https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2017.02.03.03

The role of genital tract infection inpreterm delivery: aretrospective study Satria, Yohanes Aditya Adhi; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Susilawati, Tri Nugraha
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 51, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Preterm delivery is associated with higher mortality and morbidity of neonates, also increasestheir risk of having growth and development impairment.This study aimed toidentify the role ofgenital tract infection in preterm delivery. A retrospective study was conducted on medical records of mothers who had preterm delivery in a tertiary hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia during 2017. The data collected were mothers’ age and their gestational age, the history of current pregnancy, the number of previous abortion(s), mothers’ body temperature, the extent of abnormal vaginal discharge, and laboratory findings (white blood cell count, platelet count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin count, hematocrit level, urinalysis and microbiology results). The statistical differences amongst categorical and numerical data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and the Mann-Whitney test. Based on the patient’s history and the examination results, we suspected genital tract infections in22.52% (25/111)of subjects. All of them had abnormal vaginal discharge despite only one case had been confirmed as streptococcal infection. This study found that the majority of mothers with probable genital tract infection hadpreterm premature rupture of the membrane whilst preeclampsiawas more evident in those without genital tract infection. We conclude that genital tract infection during pregnancy is a significant contributor to the occurence of premature birth so that microbiological testing is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

RELATIVE EFFICACY OF PROBIOTICS COMPARED WITH ORAL REHYDRATION SOLUTION FOR DIARRHEA TREATMENT IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD: A META-ANALYSIS FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Saputri, Nurul Aini Suria; Susilawati, Tri Nugraha; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 4, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Children under five experience an average of three episodes of diarrhea each year in developing countries. Based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, therapy for acute diarrhea is oral rehydration fluid and zinc to treat fluid and electrolyte loss. But unfortunately, this therapy does not reduce the duration of diarrhea without the intestinal barrier function of pathogenic microorganisms. The ability to inhibit pathogens is one of the three main mechanisms of probiotics. This study aims to examine the efficacy of using probiotics compared to oral rehydration solution (ORS) in the treatment of acute diarrhea in children under five in developing countries.Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis conducted using PRISMA systematic guidelines. The process of searching for articles was carried out between 2009 and 2019 using a database search engine consisting of PubMed, British Medical Journal (BMJ), CAB Direct, Oxford Academy, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Based on a database search, six articles that meet the criteria of the Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) and research conducted in developing countries were found. The study involved 1234 children who were divided into two groups: 762 probiotic groups and 472 ORS groups. The analysis was performed with the Review Manager (RevMan) software 5.3. The results were assessed using Standardized Mean Difference (SMD).Results: There was heterogeneity between experiments (I2 = 91%; p <0.001) so Random Effects Model (REM) was used. Probiotics could reduce the duration of acute diarrhea in infants rather than just ORS, with a pooled estimate of 1.13 (SMD = -1.13; 95% CI = -1.54 to -0.72; p <0.001).Conclusion: Probiotics can reduce the duration of acute diarrhea in infants in developing countries rather than just the administration of ORS.Keywords: Diarrhea, probiotics, oral rehydration solution, meta-analysis.Correspondence:Nurul Aini Suria Saputri. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ainisuriasaputri@gmail.com. Mobile: 085743401971Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(4): 354-363https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.04.08

TNF-α and TGF-β Contributes in Recurrent Otorrhea of Active Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media Dewi Pratiwi; Marisa Rizqiana; Adisetya Wicaksono; Defitaria Permatasari; Ratna Dwi Restuti; Tri Nugraha Susilawati; Sutarno Sutarno
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v14i1.1759

BACKGROUND: Active mucosal chronic otitis media (COM) is prevalent in lower-income countries and is associated with recurrent episodes of otorrhea due to chronic inflammation of the middle ear. Cytokines, which are well-known for their effects on the immune system, play an important role in the inflammatory response and tissue remodeling. The specific contributions of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines in the pathophysiology of active mucosal COM remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in patients with active mucosal COM vs. healthy subjects.METHODS: Total 20 subjects with active mucosal COM and 20 healthy subjects participated in this study. The levels of serum TNF-α and TGF-β were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: The average level of serum TNF-α in subjects with active mucosal COM was significantly higher compare to the healthy subjects (46.373±41.76 pg/mL vs. 15.021±7.16 pg/mL; p=0.004). In contrast, the average level of serum TGF-β in subjects with active mucosal COM was lower compared to the healthy subjects, although the difference is not statistically significant (9.963±3.2 ng/mL vs. 11.78±8.48 ng/mL; p=0.552). Further analysis showed that in subjects with active mucosal COM, the levels of serum TNF-α had a medium positive correlation with the level of TGF-β (r=0.525; p=0.018).CONCLUSION: TNF-α and TGF-β, which are proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines, may contribute to the pathogenesis of recurrent episodes of otorrhea in an active mucosal COM.KEYWORDS: tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, active mucosal chronic otitis media

PEMBERDAYAAN YAYASAN SEBAGAI PELOPOR GERAKAN MASYARAKAT HIDUP SEHAT DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT HIPERTENSI Dono Indarto; Setyo Sri Rahardjo; Sinu Andhi Jusup; Sri Wulandari; Niniek Purwaningtyas; Heru Sulastomo; Ratna Kusumawati; Tri Nugraha Susilawati
SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jpmb.v6i1.7284

ABSTRAKPenyakit Tidak Menular (PTM) merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu PTM yang cukup tinggi prevalensinya adalah hipertensi. Kabupaten Karanganyar merupakan salah satu kabupaten di provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan jumlah kasus hipertensi yang cukup tinggi dan prevalensinya terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pemerintah Indonesia dan pemerintah kabupaten setempat telah mencanangkan Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (Germas) sebagai upaya pengendalian PTM. Yayasan Usaha Umat Karanganyar (YUUK), sebuah organisasi masyarakat yang berlokasi di Tasikmadu, Karanganyar, telah memiliki program kegiatan pendidikan dan pelatihan yang diperlukan oleh masyarakat setempat, namun program pendidikan dan pelatihan tersebut belum menjamah aspek kesehatan masyarakat. Untuk mengoptimalkan kesehatan masyarakat setempat melalui pemberdayaan organisasi kemasyarakatan, tim pengabdian masyarakat yang tergabung dalam grup riset Human Proteomics Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret (FK UNS) melakukan kegiatan penyuluhan dan konsultasi tentang hipertensi dan serta pelatihan penggunaan tensimeter digital dan oximeter. Kegiatan tersebut bertujuan untuk meningkatkan peran serta YUUK dalam pencegahan dan deteksi dini penyakit hipertensi. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah para remaja di sekitar masjid Al Walidah Tasikmadu Karanganyar. Hasil dari kegiatan tersebut adalah meningkatnya pemahaman peserta mengenai hipertensi dan keterampilan memantau kesehatan kardiovaskuler melalui penggunaan tensimeter digital. Evaluasi kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan cara menghubungi pengurus YUUK untuk mendapatkan laporan tentang implementasi pemanfaatan 2 unit tensimeter digital dan 1 unit oximeter yang diberikan oleh tim pengabdi kepada pengelola Yayasan untuk dimanfaatkan sebaik-baiknya bagi masyarakat sekitar. Tim pengabdi juga terus memonitor prevalensi hipertensi dari tahun ke tahun di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Kata kunci: hipertensi; pemberdayaan masyarakat; penyakit tidak menular ABSTRACT Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are the major causes of mortality in the world, including in Indonesia. One of the most prevalent type of NCD is hypertension. Karanganyar is a district in Central Java province with high incidence of hypertension and its prevalence continues to rise over years. Both central and local governments have established "Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat (Germas)", a community-based movement to promote healthy lifestyle, to control NCD. "Yayasan Usaha Umat Karanganyar (YUUK)", a community organization located in Tasikmadu, Karanganyar, provides education and training for locals but their main focus has not reached health programs. To optimize the locals' health through empowerment of community organizations, we conducted education and counseling about hypertension as well as training on using digital sphygmomanometer and oxymeter. The activities aimed to increase YUUK's roles in the prevention and early detection of hypertension. The activities involved teenagers living in the catchment area of Al Walidah mosque, Tasikmadu, Karanganyar. The activites resulted in an increased understanding about hypertension and skills to monitor cardiovascular health by using a digital sphygmomanometer, Evaluation was performed by contacting the YUUK manager who is responsible for reporting the use of 2 units of digital sphygmomanometers and 1 unit of oxymeter that were given during the occasion so that the equipment can be used by locals. We also continuosly monitor the annual prevalence of hypertension in Karanganyar district. Keywords: hypertension; community empowerment; non-communicable diseases

The Levels of Inhibitory Cytokines in the Serum of Patients with Hepatitis B and C Ainor Rohmah; Sigit Setyawan; Tri Nugraha Susilawati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 27, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i3.1678

Hepatitis B and C Viruses (HBV dan HCV) can cause acute or chronic hepatitis that may develop into fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma. Previous studies have reported that hepatocyte damage is mainly due to overactive immune responses rather than viral infection. Cytokines are essential mediators in the immune response. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the levels of serum inhibitory cytokines, i.e., IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β, and the development of liver disease in patients with hepatitis B and C. The levels of serum IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β from 58 patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C were determined by ELISA. The progression of liver disease is inferred from the levels of serum transaminases and the degree of liver fibrosis. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test with a p-value of < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. This study showed no correlation between the levels of serum IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β and the development of liver disease in patients with hepatitis B and C (p > 0.05). Therefore, cytokine testing using ELISA was unable to replace liver biopsy to assess liver disease progression in patients with hepatitis B and C.

Digitalisasi Layanan Kaji Etik: Sebuah Studi Tata Kelola Komite Etik Penelitian Tri Nugraha Susilawati; Erindra Budi Cahyanto; Usman Sudarmaji
Jurnal Etika Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2021): VOL 5, NO 2 (2021)
Publisher : Majelis Kehormatan Etik Indonesia PBIDI

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Abstrak Perkembangan era digital yang pesat mempermudah rutinitas dan komunikasi sehari-hari, tetapi juga menciptakan tantangan tersendiri. Penyelesaian pekerjaan kelompok memerlukan pengetahuan dan keterampilan memadai agar dapat diselesaikan dengan lancar dan menghindari miskomunikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik dan manajemen protokol penelitian yang dikaji Komite Etik Penelitian Kesehatan (KEPK) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret (FK UNS). Studi retrospektif dilakukan dengan menganalisis protokol yang masuk ke KEPK FK UNS selama periode 2018-2020. Penelitian ini membandingkan proses kaji etik terhadap protokol penelitian serta mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang muncul ketika kaji etik dilakukan secara luring/ tatap muka maupun secara daring melalui aplikasi digital dan email resmi KEPK FK UNS. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa nomor identitas protokol, judul dan jenis penelitian, asal dan lembaga pemohon, serta jumlah hari yang diperlukan tim KEPK untuk menyelesaikan kaji etik (KE) hingga akhirnya menerbitkan surat keterangan laik etik (ethical clearance/ EC). Dari 405 protokol di tahun 2018, 302 protokol di tahun 2019, dan 188 protokol di tahun 2020, didapatkan jenis penelitian terbanyak adalah penelitian observasional, diikuti penelitian intervensi. Berdasarkan asal pemohonnya, mayoritas peneliti berasal dari lingkungan internal UNS, terutama mahasiswa S1. Jenis lembaga asal pemohon didominasi oleh institusi pendidikan, disusul rumah sakit dan litbang. Layanan KE secara manual (tahun 2018) dapat diselesaikan dalam waktu rerata 20 hari. Adapun layanan KE melalui aplikasi digital diselesaikan dalam waktu lebih lama, yaitu rata-rata 58 hari (tahun 2019) dan 46 hari (tahun 2020). Layanan KE melalui email dapat diselesaikan dalam waktu rata-rata 27 hari (tahun 2019) dan 19 hari (tahun 2020). Layanan KE harus disesuaikan dengan dinamika perkembangan jaman dan situasi yang memudahkan penelaah maupun pemohon. Hal itu demi tercapainya proses kaji etik yang efisien, cepat, nyaman namun tetap memprioritaskan kualitas telaah. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, KEPK dapat merancang program edukasi berupa in-house training kepada penelaah serta pelatihan kepada peneliti untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan teknis dalam menyusun protokol penelitian agar dapat diterima baik secara etik maupun secara digital.Abstract Background: The rapid development of digital era simplifies daily tasks and communication despite creating challenges. For example, when the tasks involve team work, particular knowledge and skills are needed to complete the tasks smoothly without bringing up any miscommunication. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and the management of research protocols submitted for ethical reviews at the Health Research Ethics Committee (HREC) of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS). Method: A retrospective study was conducted to analyse research protocols submitted to the HREC during the period of 2018-2020. This study compared the process of ethical reviews and identified problems during the conventional review (board meeting) and digital review (via digital application and the HREC official email). The following data were collected: protocol numbers, research titles, type of research, researcher’s origins, and the number of days required for the HREC team to complete the review and finally issuing ethical approval; i.e., the Ethical Review (ER) service. Results: A total of 405 protocols in 2018, 302 protocols in 2019, and 188 protocols in 2020 were submitted to the HREC. Most of the research protocols were observational studies, followed by interventional studies. The majority of researchers were undergraduate students of UNS. The origins of researchers were mostly from educational institutions, followed by hospital and research and development (R&D) institutions. The mean duration to complete the ER service by conventional review in 2018 was 20 days. The use of a digital application delayed the ER service which on average took 58 days to complete in 2019 and 46 days in 2020. The mean duration for completing the ER service via emails was 27 days in 2019 and 19 days in 2020. Conclusion: The ER service should be customized in accordance with the dynamics of the times and the situations that enables reviewers and researchers to perform an efficient, rapid, and comfortable process of ethical review whilst prioritizing the review quality. In order to do this, the HERC could deliver educational programs such as inhouse training for reviewers as well as training for researchers to improve the knowledge and technical skills in composing research protocols that are ethically and digitally acceptable.

Antidiabetic Effects of Red Rice Bran in The Rat Models of Diabetes Diana Nurrohima; Brian Wasita; Tri Nugraha Susilawati
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 7, No 2: June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia than often requires antidiabetic drugs (AD) to control fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. However, long-term use of AD has side effects. Red rice bran is a natural food containing flavonoids and anthocyanins, rich in antioxidants. However, the antidiabetic effect of rice bran is yet to be understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of red rice bran (EERRB) on the levels of FBG, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, and QUICKI on male rats induced by streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). This study was a pretest-posttest control group design. White male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) (n=35) were divided into five groups randomly i.e P1 negative control (STZ-NA), P2 positive control (STZ-NA and acarbose 1.8 mg/200 g BW), P3, P4, P5 EERRB groups (STZ-NA and EERRB 165, 330, 660 mg/kg BW). The intervention was performed in 21 days. The data were analyzed using one way ANOVA test, paired t-test and Post Hoc test. EERRB effectively reduced FBG and HOMA-IR but increased insulin, HOMA-B and QUICKI in STZ-NA induced diabetic male rats. In conclusion, this shows that EERRB 330 and 660 mg/kgBW/day have the most potent antidiabetic effect. Abstrak: Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia kronis yang seringkali memerlukan obat antidiabetes (OAD) guna membantu mengontrol kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP). Akan tetapi, penggunaan OAD dalam jangka panjang menimbulkan efek samping. Bekatul beras merah adalah bahan pangan alami dengan kandungan flavonoid dan antosianin yang kaya antioksidan. Namun, belum diketahui secara pasti efek antidiabetes dari bekatul beras merah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol bekatul beras merah (EEBBM) terhadap kadar GDP, insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, dan QUICKI pada tikus jantan diabetes yang diinduksi Streptopzotocin-Nicotinamide (STZ-NA). Rancangan penelitian berupa pretest-posttest control group design. Tikus putih jantan Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) (n=35) terbagi menjadi lima kelompok secara acak: P1 kelompok kontrol negatif (diinduksi STZ-NA), P2 kelompok kontrol positif (diinduksi STZ-NA dan diberi akarbosa 1,8 mg/200 gBB), P3, P4, dan P5 kelompok EEBBM (diinduksi STZ-NA dan diberi EEBBM 165, 330, dan 660 mg/kgBB). Intervensi dilakukan selama 21 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji one way ANOVA, paired t-test, dan uji Post Hoc. EEBBM efektif menurunkan GDP dan HOMA-IR serta meningkatkan insulin, HOMA-B, dan QUICKI pada tikus jantan model diabetes yang diinduksi STZ-NA. Kesimpulannya menunjukkan bahwa EEBBM330 dan 660 mg/kgBB/hari memiliki efek antidiabetik yang paling kuat.

A Systematic Review of the Frequency of Regulatory T Cells in Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Tri Nugraha Susilawati; Atik Susianto
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 20, No 3 (2019): VOLUME 20, NUMBER 3, December 2019
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in sustaining the hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) persistence and protecting the liver tissues from cytokine-associated detrimental effects through unclear mechanisms. This paper aims to review the frequency of Tregs during the course of HBV and HCV infection.Method: Electronic databases were searched to identify studies investigated the frequency of intrahepatic and peripheral Tregs of the patients infected with HBV and/ or HCV.Results: The majority of studies reported the increase of intrahepatic and peripheral Tregs in acute and chronic infection of HBV and HCV. The decrease of peripheral Tregs occurred in patients with chronic hepatitis B who respond to interferon α or nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment as well as those with chronic hepatitis C who were treated with interferon, ribavirin or liver transplantation.Conclusion: Infection with HBV and HCV appears to induce the production of Tregs in blood and hepatocytes whereas treatment may decrease Tregs levels. As the optimum balance between regulatory and effector T during HBV and HCV infection is crucial for preventing liver damage, further studies should be directed on the development of Tregs during HBV and HCV infection as well as their involvement in immunomodulatory strategies for combating HBV and HCV.

Co-Authors 'Ulwiyah, Nuuriyah Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriawangsa Adiby, Zulfi Azam Adisetya Wicaksono Ainor Rohmah Ardhi, Tunggul Armita Asri Apsari Atik Susianto Basaria, Kevyn Benedictus Aditya Satya Laksana Adji Bernarda, Clarisca Calcafiorentina Bhisma Murti Billah, Muhammad Muayyad Brian wasita Brian Wasita Brian Wasita Buamona, Nur Sitra Budiyanti Wiboworini Cahyaningrum, Nabilla Fitria Cahyanto, Erindra Budi Darmayanti, Aquartuti Tri Defitaria Permatasari Dewi Pratiwi Diana Nurrohima Dono Indarto Dono Indarto Dono Indarto Eriana Melinawati Erindra Budi Cahyanto Erindra Budi Cahyanto Fahmi, Muhammad Izzul Widad Grhasta Dian Perestroika Hasibuan, Wahyu Aulia Heru Priyanto HERU SULASTOMO Heru Sulastomo Hilmy, Farhan Indallah, Nabila Wajihan Ismanta, Anestasia Darmastuti Jusup, Sinu Andhi Kezia Elian Devina Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti Kusumastuti, Wijayanti Larasati, Riska Leli Saptawati Leli Saptawati Lutfinayati, Sofia Marisa Rizqiana Maryani Maryani Mashuri, Yusuf Ari Mufidah, Amatullah Nandyantami, Farah Fauziah Nazili, Muhammad Haqin Niniek Purwaningtyas Niniek Purwaningtyas Nofia, Yasinta Nugraha, Yanika Tiara Nurgajayanti, Cendi Prastyoningsih, Aris Pratiwi Pratiwi Wulandari Puspitasari, Reni Nur Putra, Wahyu Pratama Putri, Noviyati Rahardjo Radityastuti Rahmat Sugianto Ratna Dwi Restuti Ratna Kusumawati Ratna Kusumawati Ratnasari, Affi Angelia Rauf, Muhammad Abdul Ridha Setiawati Riska Larasati Saputri, Nurul Aini Suria Satria, Yohanes Aditya Adhi Satria, Yohanes Aditya Adhi Septiana, Yesika Cahya Setyo Sri Rahardjo Setyo Sri Rahardjo Sigit Setyawan Sri Wulandari Sri Wulandari Suhartono Susianto, Atik Susilawati, Eva Sutarno Sutarno Syaputri, Dwi Triyanta Yuli Pramana Triyanta Yuli Pramana Uki Retno Budihastuti Usman Sudarmaji Usman Sudarmaji Vitri Widyaningsih Widiasih, Ghina Widyaningrum, Sherly Asri Wijiwinarsih, Amallia Winda Rahayuningtyas Winda Rizki Pebrina Batubara Yasmin, Thania Yuliana Heri Suselo Zahida, Sarah

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