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Brigitta Laksmi Paramita
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Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati
Published by Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta
ISSN : 25273221     EISSN : 2527323X     DOI : doi.org/10.24002/biota
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang memuat hasil-hasil penelitian, kajian-kajian pustaka dan berita-berita terbaru tentang ilmu dan teknologi kehayatian (biologi, bioteknologi dan bidang ilmu yang terkait). Biota terbit pertama kali bulan Juli 1995 dengan ISSN 0853-8670. Biota terbit tiga nomor dalam satu tahun (Februari, Juni, dan Oktober).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,193 Documents
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Penentuan Pakan Rusa Bawean dengan Analisis Kotoran, di Pulau Bawean Djuwantoko Djuwantoko; Danang Wahyu Purnomo
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 13, No 3 (2008): October 2008
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v13i3.2572

Abstract

The research was conducted in the Bawean island, East Java, where endemic Bawean deer’s inhabited naturally. The objective was to assess what kind of plant species as food resources in natural habitat of Bawean deer. The most Bawean deer habitats particularly lowland forests, are under the greatest pressure. Logging and land conversion have caused dramatic decreases in the forest cover of Bawean island, mainly in lowland, and forest margins are progressively shifting towards higher elevations. In that conditions, therefore a management practices should be implemented soon, for improving deer habitat. This study was focused on availability of food resources in the natural habitat of Bawean deer. Using indirect methods in the field to assess the remaining of food resources, which was consumed by Bawean deer, and fecal analysis was executed for identifying food deer items. The result, there were many species of plants as a food resources including Imperata cylindrical (lalang), Pericampylus glaucus (ancucu), Caryota mitis (andudur), Discorea hispida (gadung), Symplocos adenophylla (kayu sape), Coelorhachis muricata (lampedung), Scheria hebecarpa (lanting-lantingan), Paspalum cunyugatum (lambu merah), Argyera mollis (rombok putih), Lygodium circinnatum (taliata), Nephrolepis hirsitula (rending-rendang), Tridax procumbens (kenci-kencian), Brachiaria distachya (kabak-kabakan alas), Frimbrisyllis dichotoma (lente-lentean). The availability of those food resources was affected by season i.e., dry and rainy season, and the feeding habit of Bawean deers can allow adapting to the habitat condition. Based on that figure the Bawean deers may have so many several of food items in their natural habitat.
Struktur Populasi Genetik Ayam Hutan Hijau Menggunakan Sekuen Hypervariable 1 D-Loop DNA Mitokondria M. Syamsul Arifin Zein; Sri Sulandari
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 13, No 3 (2008): October 2008
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v13i3.2573

Abstract

Thirty-three individuals from four populations of green junglefowl (Gallus varius) were collected throughout Indonesia: 14 from Central Java, 4 from Eastern Java, 3 from Sumbawa island and 12 from Flores island. The mitochondrial DNA D-loop the samples were analysed for sequence diversity. Twenty-five haplotypes with 28 polymorphic sites were identified within the first hypervariable-1 fragment (397 bp) of the D-loop. Fu’s Fs value was -25.96 (all samples, P=0), indicating high genetic diversity and population expansion; a conclusion supported by a neighbor–joining analysis of the haplotypes. Though sample size per population varied between 3 and 14, the Fs values for the four populations, between -2.20 and -10.76, were all significant (P=0). Only one haplotype was shared between three populations (Central Java, Sumbawa island, and Flores island) by a total of seven individuals. Within populations, only three haplotypes were shared by three individuals. The remaining haplotypes were unique, indicating genetic differentiation between populations as confirmed by significant pairwise Fst values at P=0.05 in four out of the six population pairs (except two pairs of Central Java & Sumbawa island and Flores island & Sumbawa island). The diversity pattern observed at the mtDNA of the green junglefowl provides a baseline which may help to understand the recent population expansions of domesticated chickens from multiple centres of domestications. Our observations also suggest careful interpretation of the results of genetic characterization may be needed when applied to the management and conservation of species like the green junglefowl. As in other multiparous birds and mammals with a short reproductive interval, green junglefowl may have established distinct genetic entities in metapopulations across its geographic distribution.
Produksi Rennet Mucor pusillus yang Ditumbuhkan pada Limbah Padat Tapioka (Onggok) Abdul Choliq
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 13, No 3 (2008): October 2008
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v13i3.2574

Abstract

The production of rennet enzyme extracted from Mucor pusillus in “onggok” medium the effect of incubation peptone and ammonium nitrate to enzyme production, and the effect of pH and temperature to the activities of rennet were found. The statistical method used is Completed Randomized Design with 3 replicates for each treatment, with the rennet activity in RU/ml enzyme extract. The rennet production was conducted in erlenmeyer (100 ml) that contain 17.5 g “dry onggok” and 50 ml solution of suspension used. The effect of incubation time was detected in three incubation times (4, 7, and 10 day), while effect of peptone and ammonium nitrate to the production of the rennet enzyme was detected in 4 concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3%) for 7 days of incubation times. The effect of pH to the activity of rennet from the treatment of adding peptone 1% with 7 days incubation time was detected in 5 pH variation (5, 5.5, 6, 6.5 and 7) while the effect of temperature were detected in 5 variations (30, 35, 40, 45, and 50oC). The research results showed that the time of incubation, the addition of peptone and ammonium nitrate affected significantly to enzyme production of rennet Mucor pusillus in “onggok” medium. The highest production of the rennet enzyme products was in the addition of peptone 1% (12.53 RU/ml) with 7 days incubation time. On the treatment of temperature and pH, the optimum activity of rennet Mucor pusillus was in pH 5.5 (40.03 RU/ml) and the activity of rennet Mucor pusillus increased up to temperature of 50oC.
Kemampuan Mikroorganisme Efektif dalam Mengolah Limbah Cair Pabrik Spiritus H. N. Lestari; P. Kianto Atmodjo; B. R. Sidharta
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 13, No 3 (2008): October 2008
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v13i3.2575

Abstract

Proses produksi suatu industri senantiasa menghasilkan limbah yang harus diolah dengan baik agar tidak membahayakan lingkungan. Pabrik spiritus “X” di Yogyakarta telah mengolah limbah cairnya secara fikokimiawi, namun hasilnya masih kurang baik. Karakteristik limbah pabrik ini adalah berbentuk cair, berwarna hitam, bau, keruh, kandungan BOD 2.978 mg/l dan COD 103.433 mg l, sehingga nilainya sangat jauh di atas baku mutu (Kepmen: 03/men LH/I/1998). Untuk itu perlu dilakukan usaha-usaha mengolah lebih lanjut agar mutu limbah semakin mendekati baku mutu. Salah satu usahanya adalah mengolah lebih lanjut dengan metode biologi.
Penurunan Glukosa dan Perubahan Profil Lipida Serum Tikus Sprague- Dawley Hiperglikemia-Hiperkolesterolemia Akibat Asupan Sorbitol-Oleat Poliester (SOPE) Agnes Murdiati; Hastari Wuryastuty; Y. Marsono; Eni Harmayani
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 3 (2009): October 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v14i3.2576

Abstract

Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in the Diabetes Mellitus patients resulted in increasing of cholesterol synthesis. This condition increases the risk of heart attack or coronary heart disease, therefore it is recommended to lower fat intake. One of the alternatif to lower fat intake is by replacing fat with fat replacer in the diet. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of replacing 75% of fat with SOPE on the glucose and lipid profile in diabetic-hipercholesterolemic rats. Eihgteen Sprague Dawley rats were devided into 2 groups of 9 rats. They were fed with hipercholesterol diet and were diabetic induced with alloxan IM injection. One group was fed with 75% SOPE substitute the fat in the standard diet and the other group was fed with standard diet. The result indicates that the oil substitution of standard diet of Sprague Dawley rats for sorbitol-oleic polyester as much as 75% gives an advantage to rats which suffer hiperglikemic-hypercholesterolemic because it decreased the glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio, and did not decrease the HDL cholesterol, but increased triglyceride serum.
Construction of Soil Metagenomic Library to Obtain Recombinant Clones with an Indigenous Lipase Activity Agus Hery Susanto; Hendro Pramono; Puji Lestari
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 3 (2009): October 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v14i3.2577

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengonstruksi perpustakaan metagenom tanah dari sekitar lokasi industri pengolahan minyak kelapa di Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah, dalam upaya mendapatkan klon rekombinan dengan aktivitas lipase indigenuos. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman mulai bulan Mei hingga Desember 2006. Secara umum tahapan penelitian terdiri atas ekstraksi dan pemurnian DNA tanah, isolasi pUC19, pemotongan DNA tanah, pemotongan dan defosforilasi pUC19, ligasi fragmen-fragmen DNA tanah ke dalam pUC19 untuk menghasilkan molekul DNA rekombinan, dan transformasi sel inang E. coli JM109 menggunakan molekul DNA rekombinan yang diperoleh untuk mengonstruksi perpustakaan metagenom tanah. Pemotongan DNA tanah menghasilkan fragmen-fragmen yang sebagian besar berukuran lebih kurang 5 kb sehingga gen lipase dimungkinkan untuk dibawa di dalamnya. Transformasi sel inang E. coli JM109 memperlihatkan efisiensi 1.7 x 105 cfu/μg plasmid. Di antara koloni-koloni yang diperoleh, terdapat 102 koloni berwarna putih, yang menunjukkan keberadaan molekul DNA rekombinan. Koloni putih ini dapat digunakan sebagai materi untuk skrining klon rekombinan dengan aktivitas lipase.
Seasonal Activity of Metabolic Enzymes of Littorina littorea (Gastropoda: Mollusca) G. J. Fontje Kaligis
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 3 (2009): October 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v14i3.2578

Abstract

Aktivitas musiman enzim pyruvate kinase (PK), dan citrate synthase (CS) pada otot kaki siput, Littorina littorea (Gastropoda, Littorinidae) telah diteliti. Enzim-enzim ini berperan sebagai enzim kunci pada rangkaian metabolisme (metabolic pathways). Perbedaan yang signifikan terlihat pada aktivitas adalah CS dan PK sepanjang musim. Aktivitas spesifik dari CS bervariasi antara 0,04 dan 0,4 μg berat basah dan PK antara 0,1 dan 1,7 μg berat basah. Aktivitas enzim tersebut lebih tinggi pada musim dingin dibandingkan dengan musim panas. Hubungan negatif antara suhu dan aktivitas enzim terdeteksi dalam penelitian ini. Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara suhu air dan aktivitas enzim CS, dan suhu air dan udara pada enzim PK (P<0.05). Teramati tendensi yang sama untuk prosentasi perubahan pada aktivitas enzim PK dan CS pada bulan pertama pengamatan dan bulan berikutnya. Hasil penelitian setuju dengan hipotesis yang mengatakan bahwa terdapat kemungkinan perubahan aktivitas enzim CS dan PK selama siklus musiman. Fenomena ini dibahas dalam pembahasan tulisan ini.
Expression and Characterization of Recombinant Protein of J-SU pGEX either by Single or Double Cell Lysis Endang Tri Margawati; Muhamad Ridwan
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 3 (2009): October 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v14i3.2579

Abstract

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk optimasi produk protein rekombinan Superficial Unit dari virus Jembrana (JSU) yang dieksperikan melalui pemecahan sel secara tunggal dan ganda dengan sistem pGEX dalam skala flask 100ml media kultur. Dua metode pemecahan sel yang digunakan yaitu Freeze and Thaw (FT) sebagai pemecahan tunggal dan gabungan FT dan Sonikasi sebagai pemecahan ganda. Sel inang (E. Coli pembawa konstruk JSU pGEX) ditumbuhkan dengan induksi IPTG pada 37oC dengan pengocok berkecepatan 200rpm sampai mencapai kepadatan sel 0,8. Sel atau pelet dikoleksi dengan sentrifugasi, pelet dipecah dengan 2 perlakuan pemecahan sel tunggal dan ganda. Hasil pemecahan sel disentrifugasi untuk dikoleksi peletnya sebagai inclusion body. Solubilisasi dilakukan terhadap inclusion body dengan solubilisasi buffer dan diperoleh substrat protein JSU kemudian dimurnikan melalui Gluthation sepharose 4B (500μl resin) dengan metode batch capture. Hasil karakterisasi dengan SDS PAGE dan Western Blotting menunjukkan ukuran protein JSU pGEX yang tepat yaitu 60kDa pada kedua sistem pemecahan sel. Namun demikian, pemecahan sel secara tunggal menghasilkan protein murni JSU pGEX lebih besar (0.812ng/ul) dibanding pemecahan sel secara ganda (0.486ng/ul). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa protein rekombinan JSU pGEX terekspresi lebih baik dengan metode pemecahan sel Freeze and Thaw.
Analisis Ekspresi Gen Selenometil Transferase pada Isolat Bakteri Termofilik Geobacillus 20K dan Thermomicrobium 14Ka sebagai Sumber Selenoprotein Evi Triana; Novik Nurhidayat; Sri Hartin Rahayu
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 3 (2009): October 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v14i3.2580

Abstract

Selenium is a trace element that has essential nutrition value for human. Besides its nutritional value, it has important health benefits, including being a cancer chemoprotective agent. Methylated form of selenium is the most effective compound against cancer cells. Selenomethyl transferase (SMT) is responsible for methylating of selenium. This enzyme is coded by selenomethyl transferase (smt) gene which was found only from selenium accumulator plant, Astragalus bisulcatus. Thermophilic bacteria Thermomicrobium 14Ka and Geobacillus 20K have ability to accumulate selenium as well and potential in fighting cancer cells. Therefore a study to determine smt gene and its expression in both bacteria had been conducted in order to develop natural product of seleno-metilselenosistein for cancer treatment. The result showed that Thermomicrobium 14Ka and Geobacillus 20K have putative smt (selenomethyl transferase) gene, and such gene was expressed at different intensity. Geobacillus 20k expressed smt gene at higher intensity than Thermomicrobium 14k. Therefore, it is presumable that Geobacillus has a significant role in cancer remedy, meanwhile Thermomicrobium plays an essential role as cancer protective agent.
Karakterisasi α-Amilase dari Aspergillus versicolor 3a1 yang Diproduksi pada Media Limbah Cair Tapioka Fitratul Aini; Nisa Rachmania Mubarik; Lisdar A. Manaf
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 14, No 3 (2009): October 2009
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v14i3.2581

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to characterize A. versicolor 3a1 α-amylase produced on cassava liquid waste media. Two types of media, base and combination media, were used as a comparison. Cassava liquid waste media contains 1% cassava starch, 1% yeast extract, 0.13% KH2PO4, and 0.05% MgSO4 diluted in cassava liquid waste. Base media contains same composition but using aquadest as a solvent, and combination media using mixture of aquadest and cassava liquid waste. A. versicolor 3a1 α-amylase showed its maximum specific activity in cassava liquid waste, base, and combination media after 3, 7, and 4 days incubation, respectively. Crude extract of α-amylase fromA. versicolor 3a1 was precipitated in 20-80% (w/v) ammonium sulphate. Precipitation of A. versicolor 3a1 α-amylase with 70% (w/v) ammonium sulphate on cassava liquidwaste, 60% on base media, and 60% on combination media will increase its specific activity 16.6, 4.28, and 5.65 times, respectively, compared to the specific activities ofcrude before precipitation. α-Amylase crude extract from A. versicolor 3a1 from all media showed its highest specific activity at 70oC and pH 5.0, and addition of FeSO4 increased the specific activity. Precipitated A. versicolor 3a1 α-amylase from all media showed its highest specific activity at 70oC and pH 6.0. Addition of FeSO4 precipitated 3a1 α-amylase from base and combination media will increase its specific activity, while MgSO4 will increase its specific activity in cassava liquid waste media. Thermostability assay revealed that the crude and the precipitated 3a1 α-amylase were relatively stable at 70oC up to 180 minutes incubation, except for precipitated3a1 -amylase on cassava waste media. Crude α-amylase 3a1 was relatively stable at pH 5-9 up to 1 hour incubation with wide pH ranges, while the precipitated with narrow pH ranges.

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