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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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Pengaruh Penggunaan Obat Kortikosteroid Terhadap Kejadian Glaukoma Akut Siti Shafira Elfreda; Rani Himayani; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.731

Abstract

Based on 2015 data obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study, around 36 million people in the world or the global population are blind, 12.6 million of them are caused by cataracts, 7.4 million due to refractive disorders, and 2.9 million due to glaucoma. Corticosteroids are an anti-inflammatory class that is usually used in ocular and anterior segment disorders. When taking steroid drugs systemically or using them topically, periocular, or by inhalation, there will usually be an impact in the form of an increase in intraocular pressure which will show the effect within 3-6 weeks after use. This research was conducted as a type of literature review to collect data relevant to the material currently being studied, namely steroid-induced glaucoma. The results of the study showed that Steroid Induced Glaucoma is an eye disorder caused by steroid consumption and are the most common cause of irreversible blindness. This eye disorder is caused by systemic, inhaled, intranasal, or topical steroid induction which can cause an increase in IOP within several months. Treatment that can be recommended for patients to treat this case is with medication in the form of beta-blockers, alpha-2 agonists, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. It is also recommended for operative procedures such as lasers, tube shunts and cyclo-destructive procedures.
Serumen Prop sebagai Faktor Risiko Tuli Konduktif Ganesha Rahman Hakim; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.732

Abstract

Cerumen is a secretion found in the external auditory canal to protect the ear. Wax buildup or cerumen prop is one of the most common ear problems in the world. Deafness is a decrease in hearing even to the inability of the ears to hear. Conductive hearing loss is a type of deafness that occurs due to obstruction in the process of transmitting sound vibrations starting from the auricle to the hearing bone and ends before the vibrations are received by the auditory nerve. The impaction of cerumen on the cerumen prop can inhibit the vibration process so that hearing loss can occur. Because hearing loss occurs in the process of transmitting sound vibrations, therefore this process of hearing loss is classified as conductive hearing loss.
Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Abses Peritonsil: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Azizah Nur Rahmah; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.733

Abstract

Peritonsillas abscess or quinsy is a disease that often appears as a complication of acute tonsillitis. Peritonsillar abscess is commonly found in twenty to forty year old adults, but it can also appears in children. The clinical manifestations of this disease are throat pain and swallowing difficulty, bad breath, referred pain on the ear, et cetera. Peritonsillar abscess is diagnosed by patient history and several tests, one of them being the aspiration of the abscess, which is the gold standard. The management of peritonsillar abscess are pharmacological treatment by giving antibiotic. Combination of penicillin and metronidazole is effective to treat peritonsillar abscess. Nonpharmacological treatment is done by gargling with warm liquid. Some complications of peritonsillar abscess are meningitis, retropharyngeal abscess, and brain abscess. One of the prevention of this disease is keeping a good oral hygiene to avoid infection.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW KOMBINASI ORTOKERATOLOGI DENGAN ATROPIN PADA TERAPI MIOPIA ANAK Melni Armadani; Syahrani Alya Murfi; Rani Himayani; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.735

Abstract

Myopia is a refractive disorder in which the light rays that enter the eye are focused in front of the retina, not directly above it, so that distant objects appear blurred. Based on several studies, it was found that myopia progresses most rapidly during childhood, and the age of stabilization has been reported to be in the 15-16 year age range. One of the therapies that can be used to slow the progression of myopia is atropine in combination with orthokeratology lenses. The research method was carried out by searching articles on PUBMED with the formula, namely 'Combination Orthokeratology with Atropine' AND 'Myopia' AND Children with a range of 2017 to 2023. Orthokeratology is a method that uses rigid contact lenses designed with a highly oxygen permeable return geometry that helps reshape the central cornea to correct low to moderate refractive errors. The efficiency of orthokeratology in reducing axial elongation in young children has been demonstrated worldwide. Atropine can block muscarinic receptors in the sclera and retina, resulting in thickening of the scleral fibrous layer and thinning of the scleral cartilage layer. This change retards axial elongation and results in recovery of the refractive error. From several existing literature studies, the combination of atropine therapy with orthokeratology lenses has proven effective in slowing the progression or development of myopia in children by suppressing axial elongation.
Xerophthalmia: Risk Factors and Prevention Almaina Puteri Jasmine Almaina; Mafalda Marzon; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.737

Abstract

Xerophthalmia refers to a range of ocular symptoms caused by vitamin A deficiency, ranging from night blindness and Bitot’s spots to corneal xerosis, ulceration, and keratomalacia, which can lead to blindness. Globally, the incidence of xerophthalmia has been estimated at 350.000 cases annually. The majority of children who have vitamin A deficiency severe enough to cause bilateral corneal melting, perforation and blindness associated with xerophthalmia die within the first year of becoming blind. It has an essential role in maintenance of corneal and conjunctival epithelization, as well as photoreceptor transduction in the retina. On the eye, vitamin A deficiency results in night blindness, xerosis of the conjunctiva and cornea, and ultimately corneal ulceration and necrosis of the cornea. Several risk factors for vitamin A deficiency and xerophthalmia have been established through epidemiological studies, including demographic, geographic, childhood, parental and household factors. Prevention of xerophthalmia can be done with three strategies, such as periodic high-potency vitamin A supplementation, food fortification, and improving availability of foods containing vitamin A.
Otosklerosis Kurnia Fithrananda; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.738

Abstract

Otosclerosis is a hearing disorder with an abnormal condition of the process of remodelling the hearing bones that most often affects the stapes bone. This disease affects women more often than men by showing symptoms of decreased hearing, tinnitus, and vertigo. The ethology and pathophysiology of this disease are still controversial and unclear. However, there are several factors like infection, heredity, anatomy, and pregnancy that are said to be associated with this disease. Diagnostic enforcement of this disease is carried out by means of a CT Scan accompanied by various ear physical examinations. Until now, surgery and hearing aids are still considered the best treatment compared to administering drugs. The prognosis of this disease is said to be good, but there is still the possibility of recurrent conductive hearing loss.
Intervensi Pada Penderita Hordeolum Adinda Husna Cahyana; Arfa Salma Firnandya; Muhammad Ammar Naufal; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.742

Abstract

The eye is one of the body's senses that is sensitive to many things and easily gets an infection. Patients with infection or inflammation of the eyelids are often the first to present to the primary care physician. One of the conditions of infection of the eyelids is a stye or hordeolum. Hordeolum is the most common acute bacterial infection by Staphylococcus aureus that occurs on the eyelids. Hordeolum divided into two categories, internal and external. The sebaceous glands of the eyelash follicles (Glands of Zeiss) and the apocrine glands of Moll, both located on the margins of the lids, are the source of the external hordeolum. Meanwhile, the Meibomian glands, which are found on the inside of the eyelids, are the source of internal hordeolum. Although it occurs quite often, hordeolum does not have a definite incidence. All ages are affected, especially adolescents and young adults, and the onset is spontaneous or associated with risk factors such as eyelid hygiene and long-term disease. Diagnosis can be determined from clinical examination alone, while supporting examinations are carried out if there is suspicion of involvement of other parts of the eye that significantly interferes with the physical condition. Management is generally conservative in the form of warm compresses and cleaning the lids. Antibiotics are used if the condition is severe.
Otitis Media Efusi: Etiologi, Patofisiologi, Patogenesis, Epidemiologi, Diagnosis, Tatalaksana, Komplikasi Brigitta Shinta dewi; Angelica Philia Christy; Nabila Alsa Sagia; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.780

Abstract

Otitis media with effusion is a common problem faced by general practitioners, paediatricians and otolaryngologists. Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common clinical condition associated with hearing loss in which there is fluid in the middle ear but no acute infection. Otitis media with effusion is more affected in children, where it can be found in 80% of preschool children. Otitis media with effusion can cause significant delays and damage to communication and skills as well as difficulties in behavior and education. This article reviews the definition, several available etiological theories, pathophysiology of otitis media with effusion in the human body, epidemiology or spread of the disease, clinical diagnosis or symptoms found, complications, and how to manage patients with otitis media with effusion. Patients with otitis media with effusion often experience chief complaints of reduced hearing and a feeling of blockage in the ears. In children due to reduced hearing can cause speech disorders as well. To ensure that the patient really has otitis media with effusion, otoscopy, audiometry, and tympanometry can be done. Most otitis media with effusion can heal spontaneously, but there are several treatments that can be done, for example by using steroids, decongestants, histamine, or by decongesting. If the otitis media with effusion is not immediately given proper management, several complications will occur such as speech delays in children, changes in the structure of the ear, permanent hearing loss, and also tympanosclerosis
Ensefalitis HIV Fitriyani Fitriyani; Anisa Zulfiya Rahmah
Medula Vol 13 No 5 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i5.787

Abstract

HIV encephalitis, also referred to as HIV-associated neurological disorder (HAND), includes a range of neurocognitive defects of varying severity following HIV infection. The clinical presentation of this condition varies from asymptomatic or minor neurocognitive impairment to severe dementia. HIV encephalopathy, also known as AIDS-dementia complex, lies at the most severe end of this spectrum. The diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical neuropsychiatric evaluation and radiological studies. Prompt and effective administration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the most effective therapy in managing HIV encephalitis. It has been reported that a 32-year-old male suffers from HIV AIDS with encephalitis. Patient Treated with hemiparese dextra, History of high fever, seizures, and loss of consciousness. The patient also has a history of pulmonary TB and has been taking OAT for the past 9 months. The patient also admitted that he had previously been infected with HIV but had never taken ARVs. From the physical examination found awareness of compos mentis, oral candidiasis in the mouth, and black spots all over the patient's body. There is no neck stiffness, there is parese N.VII and N.XII dextra and positive Babinsky on both legs. Organizational function and memory are impaired. On investigations, a reactive HIV Rapid test was obtained, anemia, leukocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and the results of a CT scan of the head without contrast found hydrocephalus and a chest X-ray within normal limits. Patients were treated with dexamethasone, ranitidine, vitamin B12, and folic acid and were consulted by specialists in internal medicine and neurosurgery for management according to the field.
Hubungan diabetes melitus dengan kejadian gagal ginjal kronik Smith Imanuel Saputra; Khairun Nisa Berawi; Susianti Susianti; Exsa Hadibrata
Medula Vol 13 No 5 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i5.792

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases associated with increased blood glucose. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus contributes to the emergence of various complications in the form of damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs, one of which is the kidney. Kidney is a vital organ that plays a very important role in maintaining the stability of the environment in the body. The kidneys regulate the balance of body fluids, electrolytes and acid base by filtering blood through the kidneys, selective reabsorption of water, and excreting excess as urine and removing metabolic waste (urea, creatinine and uric acid) and foreign chemicals. Diabetic nephropathy is a degenerative kidney vascular disorder, associated with disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism or sugar intolerance (diabetes mellitus). This study aims to see the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the incidence of chronic kidney failure. Several journals have found a positive relationship between diabetes mellitus and the incidence of chronic kidney failure.

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