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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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Tinjauan Pustaka: Pengaruh Hipertensi Kronis pada Ibu Hamil terhadap Kejadian Preeklampsia Putri, Morica Angellia Shyama; Kurniati, Intanri; Putri, Giska Tri; Kurniawati, Evi
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1458

Abstract

Chronic hypertension in pregnant women is a medical condition that can significantly affect maternal and fetal health. Chronic hypertension is defined as high blood pressure that has been present before pregnancy or diagnosed before 20 weeks of gestation. Risk factors that affect this condition include older maternal age, obesity, family history of hypertension, and an unhealthy lifestyle. The pathophysiology of chronic hypertension that progresses to preeclampsia involves endothelial dysfunction, which causes vasoconstriction and decreased placental perfusion, leading to placental hypoxia and increased oxidative stress, which further triggers activation of systemic inflammatory pathways causing damage to target organs such as the kidneys (proteinuria) and liver (elevated liver enzymes). The prevalence of chronic hypertension in pregnant women in Indonesia is quite high. According to data from the Lampung Provincial Health Office in 2018, hypertension in pregnancy caused 15.16% of maternal deaths. In addition, data from Riskesdas 2018 shows that the prevalence of hypertension in pregnant women in Indonesia is 6.18%, with the highest prevalence in West Java Province at 10.57%. The purpose of this article is to provide a better understanding of the effect of chronic hypertension in pregnant women on the incidence of preeclampsia. This article will discuss the association of chronic hypertension with the risk and underlying mechanisms of preeclampsia.
Gagal Jantung pada Penyakit Jantung Bawaan Nabila, Nurahma; Putri, Giska Tri
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1461

Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common causes of death due to malformations during the embryonic organogenesis process. The survival rate of patients with this disease has increased due to advancements in therapeutic options. Although the success of surgical and medical management of congenital heart disease (CHD) has been very successful, some patients still have hemodynamic abnormalities that lead to long-term cardiovascular complications. One of the complications that causes death in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is heart failure. Heart failure in children with congenital heart disease has a 20-fold risk of death, while heart failure in adults has a 25% incidence in patients with congenital heart disease at the age of 30, and this risk increases with age. Because this condition can cause disorders such as growth and cognitive failure, but can also be associated with circulatory, neurohormonal, and molecular abnormalities. The challenge in addressing the risk of morbidity and mortality is related to the limited knowledge regarding the causes of congenital heart disease (CHD), and current evidence suggests etiologi such as unclear factors, including the environment and lifestyle of parents, as well as genetics passed down to the child. This review discusses the causes, epidemiology, and manifestations of heart failure in children and adults with congenital heart disease. The purpose of this review is to understand the epidemiology, classification, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and management of heart failure in patients with congenital heart disease.
Penatalaksanaan Pada Anak Perempuan Usia 12 Bulan Penderita Stunting dan Mikrosefali Disertai Pola Asuh Kurang Tepat Melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga Di Wilayah Puskesmas Karang Anyar Machmud Aminudin; Mayasari, Diana
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1485

Abstract

Stunting is a condition of short or very short stature based on body length/height according to age that is smaller than -2 Standard Deviation (SD) on the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) growth curve. Whereas microcephaly is a small head circumference that is below -2 Standard Deviation (SD) based on the mean on gender and age. In this case there was an 11 month old female patient with body weight was: 5.7 kg (W/A: <-3SD); height: 60 cm (H/A: <-3SD); head circumference: 34 cm (HC/A: <-2SD); upper arm circumference: 11 cm with BMI: 15.8 kg/m2. Stunting and microcephaly are correlated in having a big impact on children's growth and development. Therefore, holistic management is needed with a family medicine approach including patient centered, family focused and community oriented to encourage improvements in the patient's condition and family behavior in order to improve the patient's quality of life. Purpose of mplementation of holistic and comprehensive family doctor services by identifying risk factors, clinical problems, and management of stunting and microcephaly patients based on Evidence Based Medicine through a patient centered care and family approach. This study is a case report using primary and secondary sources. Primary data was obtained through anemnesis (alloanamnesis), physical examination and home visits. Secondary data was obtained from the KIA posyandu book. Assessment based on a holistic diagnosis from the beginning, process and end of the study is carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. Key Words: Family Medicine, Microcephaly, Stunting
Hubungan Usia, Paritas, Dan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Dengan Kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) Di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Gabrile Madumey, Diora; Nareswari, Shinta
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1495

Abstract

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is defined as a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams. Infants born with low birth weight represent a significant and ongoing health issue, both locally and globally. The occurrence of LBW is multifactorial, and among the various risk factors, most are related to maternal conditions. Based on existing research, several maternal factors that may influence the incidence of LBW include maternal age, parity, and hemoglobin levels. This study employed an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consisted of postpartum mothers who delivered LBW infants and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital (RSAM) from January 2020 to November 2021, totaling 135 subjects. The independent variables in this study were maternal age, parity, and hemoglobin levels, while the dependent variable was the incidence of LBW, classified into small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA). The sampling technique used was total sampling. The results showed that maternal age was significantly associated with the incidence of LBW, with a p-value of 0.037 (<0.05), and maternal hemoglobin level was also significantly associated with LBW, with a p-value of 0.024 (<0.05). However, parity was not associated with the incidence of LBW, as indicated by a p-value of 0.111 (>0.05). In conclusion, maternal age and hemoglobin levels are associated with the incidence of LBW, whereas parity is not.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Related Asthma: Neurogenic Inflammation and Non-pharmacological Management Wibowo, Adityo
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1540

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by bronchoconstriction, airway remodeling, and increased responsiveness to non-specific stimuli. While childhood-onset asthma is commonly associated with allergens, adult-onset asthma is linked to environmental and individual factors. One significant contributor to adult-onset asthma is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which exacerbates asthma symptoms through microaspiration and vagally mediated reflexes. GERD is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by acid reflux into the esophagus, influenced by factors such as obesity, tobacco use, and stress. Studies indicate a strong association between GERD and asthma, with approximately 80% of asthmatic individuals experiencing heartburn or regurgitation. GERD-induced neurogenic inflammation contributes to airway hyperreactivity and bronchospasm. Non-pharmacological interventions, including dietary modifications, weight loss, smoking cessation, and elevating the head during sleep, have shown efficacy in reducing reflux symptoms and improving asthma control.
Penatalaksanaan Holistik pada Anak Laki-Laki Usia Lima Tahun dengan Tonsilitis Kronis melalui PendekatanKedokteran Keluarga di Wilayah Puskesmas Simpur Radharani, Radhika; Ernawati, Tutik
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1548

Abstract

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the palatine tonsils which are part of Waldeyer's ring. The spread of this infection can occur through the air and hands. It can occur at any age, especially in children. Tonsillitis has been one of the causes of decreased academic achievement and absenteeism from school. This study is a case report. Primary data were obtained through anamnesis (autoanamnesis and alloanamnesis from family and patients), physical examination, and home visits to assess the physical environment. The assessment is based on a holistic diagnosis of the initial, process, and final studies qualitatively and quantitatively. The result obtained is patient An. F, 5 years old with a diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis. Internal risk aspects include the age of the child, patient knowledge, clean and healthy lifestyle, dental and oral hygiene, and poor eating patterns. External risk aspects that affect the patient's condition include the lack of family supervision regarding the consumption of patient snacks, and the slow decision making of follow- up actions from patient complaints, the patient's family does not know about patient’s disease. Furthermore, holistic management of patients and families through the intervention of colored poster media in the form of information about the disease, triggers, and complications. Holistic and comprehensive management of chronic tonsillitis patients with patient centers and family focus methode according to EBM is needed so that they can be managed with therapy and change patient behavior so as to prevent complications.
Penatalaksanaan Pasien Petani Lansia Dengan Low Back Pain Akibat Kecelakaan Lalu-Lintas Melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Natar Pandiangan, Franklin; Larasati, TA
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1556

Abstract

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders encountered in primary healthcare settings. The etiology of LBP is diverse but generally associated with poor posture, heavy or repetitive physical activity, degenerative processes, and psychosocial factors. In Indonesia, the prevalence of LBP is estimated to range from 7.6% to 37% of the general population, with a high proportion linked to physically demanding occupations. Diagnosis of LBP involves a comprehensive history-taking, systematic physical examination, and consideration of supporting investigations if red flags such as fractures, infections, or malignancies are suspected. Identifying the pain source, duration, characteristics, and distribution is crucial in establishing the diagnosis and determining the underlying cause. In clinical practice, a holistic and evidence-based approach by primary care or family physicians is highly recommended. This should include the assessment of internal risk factors such as advanced age and degenerative disease, as well as external factors like a history of strenuous work and physical inactivity. The case of Mr. S, a 73-year-old male, illustrates chronic LBP with worsening symptoms over the past month. The pain radiated to the right buttock and lower limb, leading to functional impairment and limitations in daily activities. A thorough evaluation using the biopsychosocial model and multidisciplinary management—including pharmacotherapy, patient and family education, targeted physical exercises, and lifestyle modifications—resulted in significant symptom improvement and increased patient awareness of the condition.
Tatalaksana Non-Farmakologis pada Dysmenorrhea Primer: Literature Review Ananda, Amallia; Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari; Septia Eva Lusina; Winda Trijayanthi Utama
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1559

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is pain or cramps felt in the lower abdomen before or during menstruation. Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common problems experienced by adolescents and adult women. Dysmenorrhea is often accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, sweating, back pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. There are 2 types of dysmenorrhea, namely primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea has a negative impact on women's quality of life. Pharmacological management has side effects of treatment, so there is a need for safer and more effective non-pharmacological management to reduce the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain. Non-pharmacological therapy consists of various non-invasive or minimally invasive treatments. This study uses a literature observation method or literature review, where the main sources of scientific articles come from national and international journals. The articles used in this study were articles published within a period of 5 years, namely 2020-2025 through the electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar which were selected based on exclusion criteria and inclusion criteria. The purpose of this literature review is to determine non-pharmacological management of dysmenorrhea. The results of the literature review found 21 articles showing that there are several non-pharmacological therapies that are safe and effective in reducing the intensity of pain felt by dysmenorrhea sufferers such as Transcutaneous electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), music therapy, acupuncture, acupressure, warm compresses, exercise or aerobic exercise, and aromatherapy.
Penatalaksanan Sindrom Metabolik pada Wanita Usia 60 Tahun dengan Pendekatan Dokter Keluarga Afifah, Ria; Nusadewiarti, Azelia
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1562

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, central obesity, and insulin resistance that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Elderly individuals are particularly vulnerable due to physiological aging, reduced physical activity, and unhealthy dietary habits. This case report presents a comprehensive management of a 60-year-old female patient diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, consisting of hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, and grade I hypertension. The patient presented to a primary care facility with complaints of shoulder pain and headache, and a sedentary lifestyle. Physical and laboratory examinations confirmed obesity class I (BMI 29.1), total cholesterol of 263 mg/dL, and uric acid level of 7.2 mg/dL. A multidisciplinary treatment approach was applied, combining pharmacological therapy (allopurinol, simvastatin, ibuprofen, and vitamin B12) with non-pharmacological interventions, including nutritional education, lifestyle modification, and aerobic exercise. Follow-up evaluations at two weeks and one month showed symptom relief, improved laboratory values, and enhanced patient knowledge and compliance. The integrated family medicine approach proved effective in improving the patient’s quality of life and awareness of long-term metabolic syndrome control.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN LIDAH MERTUA (Sansevieria trifasciata laurentii) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus Saputra, Kurnia Hadi; Apriliana, Ety; Rodiani, Rodiani; Oktarlina, Rasmi Zakiah
Medula Vol 15 No 2 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i2.1579

Abstract

Infectious and communicable diseases remain one of the leading causes of mortality in Indonesia and worldwide. Several pathogenic bacteria can cause infections, one of which is Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium can lead to a variety of conditions, including mastitis, dermatitis (skin inflammation), respiratory tract infections, impetigo, abscesses, toxic shock syndrome, and food poisoning. With the advent of antibiotics, an increasing number of bacterial strains have developed antibiotic resistance. The primary cause of this resistance is the widespread and irrational use of antibiotics, which allows some bacteria to survive and become resistant. The snake plant (Sansevieria trifasciata laurentii) contains compounds with antibacterial properties, such as tannins, saponins, and flavonoids. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of snake plant extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The research design used was a laboratory-based observational study. The antibacterial activity of the snake plant leaf extract was tested at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% against Staphylococcus aureus using the dilution method to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The results showed that the snake plant extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at all tested concentrations (20% to 100%). The MIC was observed at a concentration of 20%, while the MBC was found at 40%. These findings confirm that the extract of Sansevieria trifasciata laurentii has inhibitory effects on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.

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