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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian

PHARMACIANA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 20884559 EISSN : 24770256 DOI : 10.12928

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 808 Documents

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Antioxidant activity and sun protection factor evaluation for cream formulation of purified roasted corn silk extracts (Zea Mays L. Saccharata) Munifatul Lailiyah; Sony Andika Saputra; Fita Sari
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 3 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Free radicals might cause harmful effects on the skin, such as skin irritation, change of skin color, and worst effect. Phenolics play a role as effective sunscreen and antioxidants to prevent UV radiation effects. Corn silk contains flavonoids, which are antioxidants that are potential as sunscreen. Phenolic compounds can be identified by phytochemical screening using the tube method. The study aims to know the antioxidant activity of purified extract of roasted corn silks (Zea Mays L. saccharata) and know the SPF level of the cream preparation. The study was conducted by collecting samples of roasted corn silks waste to make dried simplicial, then extracting it with 70% ethanol as solvent, evaporated till condensed extract is gotten. The obtained extract was then purified with n-hexane solvent. The antioxidant activity test was conducted by using the DPPH method. The cream of the purified extract was made in three formulations: 1%, 5%, and 10% concentration. Its SPF levels were then evaluated. The results showed the purified corn silks extract had an IC50 value of 256.66 Âµg/mL better compared to corn silks ethanol extract having an IC50 value of 356.17 Âµg/mL including the weak antioxidant category. Meanwhile, the SPF level test results for concentration of 1%, 5%, and 10% Â are 1.27 ; 2.41; and 5.94 respectively.

Impact of supplementation with beetroot juice (Beta vulgaris L) on levels of malondialdehyde and antioxidant status in athletes Fajar Apollo Sinaga; Rika Nailuvar Sinaga
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 3 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Strenuous physical activity can increase lipid peroxidation, which is characterized by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of antioxidants. It can drop the athlete's performance and health. It is possible to avoid or reduce lipid peroxidation through supplementation with antioxidants. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L) produces different forms of natural antioxidants; however, its effectiveness still needs to be investigated. This research aimed to determine the impact of beetroot juice on the malondialdehyde concentration and antioxidant status during strenuous physical activity. The research used experimental (pre-test-post-test) using a control group. The researchers divided a total of 30 students who met the criteria into two groups (Experiment; n = 15; control; n = 15). The experimental group drank 250 mL of the juice 1 hour before training for four weeks. After the strenuous physical activity was carried out with a beep test, the researchers also checked the concentrations of MDA, TAC, and VO2max. The findings indicated a decrease in MDA concentration and an increase in TAC and VO2max to the training group that received 250 ml beet juice (p <0.05). The research concluded that beetroot juice administration during exercise could reduce malondialdehyde concentration and increase total antioxidant capacity and VO2max in athletes.

Prevalence of diabetes distress and associated factors among patients with diabetes using antihypertensive medications in community health centres in Bandung City, Indonesia Sofa Dewi Alfian; Imam A. Wicaksono; Norisca A. Putri; Rizky Abdulah
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 2 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes distress is common among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which remains unrecognized in primary care settings. A higher level of diabetes distress was found among T2DM patients with comorbidities. The objectives of this study are to assess the prevalence rate of diabetes distress and its association with sociodemographic factors among T2DM patients using antihypertensive medication in Bandung City, Indonesia. An observational cross-sectional survey was performed in six community health centres in Bandung City, Indonesia, among T2DM patients aged at least 18 years who were using antihypertensive medications. Diabetes distress subscales (emotional, regimen, interpersonal, and physician-related distress) were evaluated using the validated Diabetes Distress Scale. Pearson Ï‡2 and Mannâ€“Whitney tests were performed to assess the associations of patientsâ€™ sociodemographic factors (age, gender, insurance type, education, and duration since diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension) with diabetes distress. Of 105 patients who participated and completed the survey (response rate 93.8%), most of them were female and were aged 60-69 years. A total of 38 patients (36.2%) had moderate-high diabetes distress with emotional (56.2%) and regimen (53.3%) distress as the most commonly reported distress. Moderate-high emotional and regimen diabetes distress were significantly higher among the elderly (p 0.014) and patients who could not afford to pay the health insurance premium (p 0.012). Emotional and regimen distress as dominant forms of diabetes distress was observed among T2DM patients using antihypertensive medications. A routine diabetes distress assessment is needed in T2DM patients with comorbidity in primary care settings.

Distribution of cytochrome P450*4 (CYP2A6*4) allele gene among Javanese Indonesian T2DM patients Christine Patramurti; Dita Maria Virginia
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 1 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Smoking had been increasing the risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), both active and passive smokers, which is caused by nicotine contained in cigarettes. Nicotine has metabolized by cytochrome p450 2a6 (CYP2A6) enzyme coded by the CYP2A6 gene. This gene was a high polymorphism that is the CYP2A6*4 allele gene was inactive. Thus, our objective was to describe the CYP2A6*4 allele gene among active and passive Javanese smokers with T2DM. From this cross-sectional study, we identified this allele gene among 46 of the adults with T2DM, which were consist of 23 active smokers and 23 passive smokers. The CYP2A6*4 allele gene identification has done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The CYP2A6*4 allele frequency was analyzed to describe the distribution of this allele among the participants. This study supports the hypothesis that smoking, including cigarette smoke, was an environmentally modifiable risk factor for developing T2DM. Based on our result, the allele frequency among the participants was 42.39%. A high frequency of the CYP2A4 allele gene among the participants was indicating that the CYP2A4 allele gene was also the other risk factor in developing T2DM.

Green tea extract-mediated augmentation of imipenem antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates Rezky Yanuarti; Firzan Nainu; Sartini Sartini
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 1 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The emergence of pathogenic bacteria with Î²-lactam antibiotics-resistant profile has threatened the continued use of such antibiotics in the future. This research was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial activity of green tea ethanol extract (GTE) and its ability to improve the antibacterial action of several Î²-lactam antibiotics against Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolates. The simplicia of green tea was extracted by sonication for 30 minutes using 50% ethanol solvent, and the total phenolic content of the GTE was subsequently determined. Next, the GTE used in testing against two clinical isolates of E. cloacae was obtained from the Pathology Laboratory of Wahidin Sudiro Husodo Hospital in Makassar. The sensitivity of bacteria to GTE was confirmed using the agar diffusion method, the VitekÂ® rapid method, and the double-disk synergistic test. Antibacterial activity of antibiotics, GTE, and combination of antibiotics with GTE were then tested against clinical isolates of E. cloacae using the checkerboard microdilution assay. The results showed that GTE contained 51.64 Â± 0.21 % measured as gallic acid equivalent and 37.95 + 5.17 % Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The confirmatory test results indicated that one clinical isolate of E. cloacae (code 13/04) was resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate but did not produce an extended-spectrum Î²-lactamase (ESBL). Another clinical E. cloacae isolate (code 275B/06) was indicated to produce ESBL and demonstrated to yield resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and cefotaxime. The minimum inhibitory concentration of GTE against the two clinical isolates of E. cloacae was >8000 ppm (8 mg/ml). In conclusion, GTE could not increase the antibacterial activity of amoxicillin and cefotaxime, but it was sufficient to improve the activity of imipenem against the tested isolates of E. cloacae.

Antioxidant activity assay of white Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) extracts using DPPH radical scavenging method Jamilatur Rohmah; Ida Agustini Saidi; Chylen Setiyo Rini; Zulfida Ainindiyah Putri Purwanto; Karlia Hedit Tiana; Tri Chahyani Rahmawati Putri
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 3 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) is a type of plant belonging to the Fabaceae family that is widespread in Indonesian territory and has the potential as a natural free radical scavenger. The study aims to compare the antioxidant activity from white Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) leaf extracts in various extraction solvents. The determination of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The turi plants used were originated from Mojosari, Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia. Simplicia turi leaves were macerated in various extraction solvents: ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane for 24 hours. The extraction results are then subjected to phytochemical and antioxidant activity tests. The obtained result shows that the white turi extract has antioxidant activity with strong activity against DPPH radicals; with n-hexane > ethyl acetate extract > ethanol extract. The IC50 values of ethanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts of white turi leaves were 33.09 ppm; 26.99 ppm; and 25.33 ppm. Based on these results, the white turi plant (leaves) can be one of the natural sources of antioxidants to prevent diseases caused by free radicals.

The development of Moringa leaves effervescent granules with effervescent agent of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate Karina Citra Rani; Nani Parfati; Nikmatul Ikhrom Ekajayani; I Made Abdi Kurniawan; Ni Putu Wangi Kristiani
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 2 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Moringa leaves are part of Moringa Oleifera, which have a high antioxidant content, therefore, it is beneficial for overcoming free radicals in the body. Furthermore, the leaves contents have the potential to be developed into a functional drink in the form of effervescent granules. The important aspects influencing the physical characteristics, stability, and acceptability of granule is the type and ratio of the effervescent agent. In this study, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were used as effervescent agents because they both provide acceptable texture and mouthfeel. This study aimed to develop an effervescent granule formula of Moringa leaves and to optimize the molar ratio of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate as the effervescent agent. Three molar ratios of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate were optimized, namely 1:3.11 (Formulation 1), 1:3 (Formulation 2), and 1:2.93 (Formulation 3). These formulations were developed using the wet granulation method. The results showed effervescent granules of the three formulations exhibited good flowability and uniform particle size distribution. Furthermore, formulation 3 showed better granule flow characteristics than the others. The results after reconstitution showed the granules were quickly dispersed within 207-234 secs, the pH of the preparation ranged between 5.74-5.92 (neutral pH), the viscosity was between 326-333 cps, and exhibited dilatant flow characteristics. Also, the organoleptic and sensory evaluation results showed formulation 3 was the most acceptable in terms of color, taste, aroma, and texture. Based on these findings, it was concluded that formulation 3 which used (citric acid ratio, sodium bicarbonate 1:2.93) was the optimal formulation.

Cox-2 inhibition activities of creams containing anguilla bicolor and sea cucumbers extract on croton oil induced inflammation in mice Heru Sasongko; Waliyyin Razan Qanit; Raka Sukmabayu W.S; Agung Putu S.P.Kristyawan; Nining Sugihartini; Wisnu Kundarto; Dian Eka Ermawati
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 3 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The fatty acids, like EPA and DHA, were known as anti-inflammation. It works on inflammatory tissue, brought by edema plasma, and changed into resolvins, protectins, and maresins by the enzyme reaction. Anguilla bicolor and Sea cucumber fish are known to contain EPA and DHA. This study analyzes the inhibition Cox-2 effect of the combination of Anguilla bicolor oil with Sea cucumber extract as an active ingredient in a cream preparation. This experiment used 7 groups of male BALB/C strain mice: normal control; negative control; positive control; A. bicolor oil cream; H. leucospilota extract cream; a combination of A. bicolor : H. leucospilota (2:1) cream; a combination of A. bicolor : H. leucospilota (1:2) cream. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the amount of inflammatory cell, the thickness epidermis, and the amount of cell expression COX-2Â on mice's back skin tissue induced by croton oil (0,1 %). After 3 days, histopathological skin tissues were made. The data were analyzed statistically by One Way ANOVA followed by LSD to know each group's differences at a significance level of 0.05. The experiment results showed that the formula with the best anti-inflammatory activities is the combination of A. bicolor and H. leucospilota (2:1) cream.Â The decrease of the amount of inflammatory cell (75.97%), the thickness of the epidermis (43.88%), and the amount of COX-2 cell expressions (60.52%) from the formula did not differ significantly with the positive control (p>0,05). It can be concluded that A. bicolor and H. leucospilota have anti-inflammation activity based on the experiment results.

Inhibitory activity of several extract of Piper betle Leaf against S. aureus Ahmad Shobrun Jamil; Siti Rofida; Dinda Farida; Dwi Retno Nur Syahida; Trimianti Hidahyatun Nazah
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 2 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

A high number of infections from year to year require infectious diseases to get serious attention. The antimicrobial compound exploration must be continued to anticipate the development of infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to find out in vitro antimicrobial activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fractions of Piper betle green leaves against S. aureus, and profiles of secondary metabolite compounds contained in these three extracts. The antimicrobial activity test was carried out by disk diffusion test of the fraction of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol at a concentration of 6,25, 12,5, and 18,75 Âµg/disk. Detection of secondary metabolite content was done by the Thin Layer Chromatography method with stain-view reagents. The highest antimicrobial activity was found in the ethyl acetate fraction and was significantly different from the activity in the ethanol and n-hexane fractions. However, the antibacterial activity of all fractions was lower compared to the positive control of amoxiclav 30Âµg/disk. The phytochemical screening results of secondary metabolites of each fraction were shown that the n-hexane fraction contained alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinone; the ethyl acetate fraction contained terpenoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinone; while the ethanol fraction contained alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and anthraquinone. Based on the test results, it is concluded that all fractions of Piper betle leaf extract had high antimicrobial activity; meanwhile, the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest activities among others. Each fraction was proven to have a different composition of secondary metabolites.

In-vitro diffusion study of caffeine from microemulsion gel system containing grape seed oil Sani Ega Priani; Dinnanda Yussepina Wulansari; Fitrianti Darusman
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 1 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Cellulite was identified by the orange-peel appearance of skin surface that presents in 80-90% of post-pubertal women. Caffeine and grape seed oil were known can be used as an anti-cellulite agent. Microemulsion systems are known could enhance the diffusion rate of drugs through the skin. This study was conducted to develop a microemulsion gel containing caffeine and grape seed oil and determine the effect of caffeine's in vitro diffusion profile. Microemulsion gel was prepared using tween 80 as a surfactant, glycerin as cosurfactant, viscolam mac 10 as a gelling agent. The preparations were evaluated by organoleptic, pH, viscosity, rheology, spreadability, globule size, and thermodynamic stability tests. In vitro diffusion tests were performed by Franz diffusion cell. The result showed that microemulsion containing 1 % of caffeine and 5% of grapeseed oil has good physical characteristics and stability with an average globule size 126 Â±17 nm. Microemulsion gel system could enhance the cumulative release amount of caffeine through synthetic membrane compared with gel system. Drug release kinetics of caffeine from microemulsion gel system follows the Higuchi model.

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Home Page

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Contact Name Muhammad Syahrir

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Journal Mail Official nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location Kota yogyakarta, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email
m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA