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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian

PHARMACIANA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 20884559 EISSN : 24770256 DOI : 10.12928

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 808 Documents

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Antiobesity activity of bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus (Schult.) Kurz) leaves tea in wistar rats Desi Ambarwati; Sapto Yuliani; Arsyannur Pratiwi
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 3 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Obesity is an increase in body weight that exceeds normal and the risk of serious illness. Bambu Tali leaves (Gigantochloa apus (Schult.) Kurz) contain flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which can inhibit the absorption of fatty acids in the digestive tract and excrete them through feces to lose weight. This study examines the tea activity of the Bambu Tali leaves in inhibiting weight gain, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of obese Wistar rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). A total of 30 Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: normal control (standard feed), negative control (HFD), positive control (HFD + Orlistat), and 3 groups of tea doses of Bambu Tali leaves (HFD + 360, HFD + 720, HFD + 1440 mg/kg BW). HFD was given together with the Bambu Tali leaf tea for 35 days. On the 36th day, the blood sample was taken to measure cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The weighing was conducted weekly. The results showed that giving HFDincreased body weight significantly, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels (p <0.05). Bambu Tali leaf tea at doses of 720 and 1440 mg/kg BW could significantly inhibit weight gain (p <0.05). Bambu Tali leaf tea with doses of 360, 720, and 1440 mg/kg BW can also inhibit the increase in total cholesterol levels (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the inhibition of a significant increase in triglyceride levels (p <0.05) only occurs at a dose of 1440 mg/kg BW. This study concludes that Bambu Tali leaf tea has antiobesity activity by inhibiting weight gain, total cholesterol levels, and plasma triglycerides of Wistar rats.

Physical evaluation of lipstick contains encapsulated beet (Beta vulgaris linn.) root water extract in maltodextrin Hilda Srivaliana Ilham; Anita Sukmawati
Pharmaciana Vol 10, No 3 (2020): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The natural dyes from beet (Beta vulgaris Linn) (BV) roots can be used as coloring agents in lipsticks. However, the dye has low stability in high temperature and light and can be oxidized by air. The dye was encapsulated into a microparticle (MP) using maltodextrin (MD) as a matrix to improve color stability. The research's objective was to evaluate the effect of various MD concentrations in encapsulated BV root extract towards physical characterizations of MP and lipsticks, including pH, lipstick hardness, melting point, and color stability. The BV roots water extract was obtained by grinding BV root into a juice and then dried using a freeze dryer. The encapsulation of the BV root extract was using MD as a matrix with a ratio of 1:5 BV dried extract to MD. The MD solution concentrations used in this experiment were 25%, 50%, and 75% (w/v). The result showed that the morphology of MPs resulting from the encapsulation is amorphous. Lipsticks were characterized by pink color and had shape according to the lipstick mold. The lipstick color changed to brown on the seventh day and faded on the 28th day. The variation of MD concentrations during MP preparation did not significantly influence the lipstick's pH value, hardness and melting point.

In-vitro studies on antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of Sesoot (Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.) fruit ethanolic extract from Indonesia Sri Utami; Sonny Pamuji Laksono; Qomariyah Romadhiyani Sachrowardi; Dewi Nurul Mustaqimah; Susi Endrini; Ndaru Andri Damayanti; Said Nafik; Betharie Cendera Arrahmani; Hanna Sari Widya Kusuma; Wahyu Widowati
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 2 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that can be identified by high levels of blood glucose. Garcinia plants have been widely used for many traditional medicines as antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetics, and antiinflammation. The antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of (Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.) or sesoot fruit extract were evaluated in this study and compared with xanthone. The antioxidant and antidiabetic of ethanolic ripe sesoot (G. picrorrhiza Miq.) fruit extract (GpKar) was evaluated by (ABTS) reducing activity, Î±-glucosidase, Î²-glucosidase, and Î±-amylase inhibitor activity. GpKar showed higher ABTS-reducing activity (IC50 = 49.30 Âµg/mL) than xanthone (IC50 = 404.30 Âµg/mL). GpKar showed IC50 = 109.32 Âµg/mL for Î±-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while xanthones had a better activity (IC50 = 33.97 Âµg/mL). GpKar also showed lower Î±-amylase inhibitory activity andÂ Î²-glucosidase (IC50 = 126.01 and 9432.09 Âµg/mL) compared to xanthone (IC50 = 44.32 and 405.03 Âµg/mL, respectively). The compounds of GpKar are proven to have antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Therefore, it will be industrially relevant to develop a natural medicine for decreasing DM risk, thus evaluating the antioxidant and antidiabetic effect of G. picrorrhiza by a pre-clinic study is needed.

Composition of carbopol 940 and HPMC affects antibacterial activity of beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.)) leaves extract gel Fitra Alvionida; Nanik Sulistyani; Nining Sugihartini
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Indonesia is a country known for its source of biological wealth, one of which is beluntas leaves. Beluntas leaves have the potential to be an antibacterial, so it is appropriate to be formulated in the form of medicinal preparations, especially gels. This study aims to find out the influence of variations between carbopol gel base 940 and Methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl (HPMC) on the physical properties of gel preparations beluntas leaf extract (Pluchea indica (L.), and know the influence of gel of extract of beluntas leaves on antibacterial activity. The extract is obtained by the maceration method using ethanol solvent 96%. Each formula uses 15% of the extract of beluntas leaves. Gels are made in four gel base variations namely F0 (0.5% carbopol, 1% HPMC), FI (1% carbopol, 1.5% HPMC), FII (1.5% carbopol, 2.5% HPMC), and FIII (2% carbopol, 3% HPMC). Gels evaluated for their physical properties include organoleptic, viscosity, pH, homogeneity, scattering power, adhesion and Freeze-thaw cycling. Then the gel tested antibacterial activity against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by cup-plate diffusion method. The data obtained were analyzed with One Way Anova and LSD with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that beluntas leaf extract gel meets the organoleptic requirements, homogeneity, good gel adhesion (> 4sec), good gel viscosity (2000-50.000 cps), and good gel pH (4.5-6.5). However, the gel does not meet the requirements of good scattering power (5-7 cm) and Freeze-thaw cycling. Based on the test results that have been done with some of the parameters above, The best composition of carbopol 940 and HPMC in the beluntas leaf extract gel which has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Â is 1% carbopol and 1.5% HPMC. The antibacterial activity of the formula is categorized as strong.

The effect of spray-drying temperature on Centella asiatica extract-Î² cyclodextrin-maltodextrin nanoparticle characteristics and stability Aditya Trias Pradana; Roisah Nawatila; Fawandi Fuad Alkindi; Ni Putu Resa Darmayani; Eka Desi Susanti
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Centella asiaticaÂ extract has low solubility in water. Material modification needs to be conducted to increase the dissolution rate of Centella asiaticaÂ extract. The particle size reduction to nano-size was carried out to increase surface contact with aqueous media. High surface contact was expected to increase the solubility and absorption rate. Nanoparticles were prepared with 34% maltodextrin and 6% Î²-cyclodextrin as a stabilizer and dried by a spray-drying method. High temperature in the spray drying process can affect the physical and chemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, so the inlet temperature in this study was observed as parameter variations, on 140oC, 150oC, and 160oC. The formed nanoparticles then being tested on several parameters, including physical appearance, moisture content, particle size, shape, and morphology. The chemical stability of the active ingredients during the drying process was assessed from the pH value changes and the content of quercetin as an antioxidant post drying process, compared to the initial content. The test results show that the nanoparticles have been formed. The inlet temperature of 160oC produced the most physically optimum spherical nanoparticles, with a particle size of 191.533 Â± 18.791 nm and relatively homogeneous with a polydispersity index (PDI) value of 0.113 Â± 0.057. However, temperatures that are too high indicate poor chemical stability. The poor chemical stability can be seen from the quercetin content that decreased significantly after the drying process, until the remaining 53.87 Â± 0.55% and 49.52 Â± 0.97% for temperatures of 140oC and 160oC, respectively. These results indicate that the combination of Î²-cyclodextrin and maltodextrin can not encapsulate and maintain the stability of the active ingredients during the spray drying process. A significant reduction of inlet temperature is needed to get dry nanoparticles with the most optimum physical mixture and chemical stability.

Identification SNP rs5219 KCNJ11 gene and blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Moewardi Hospital Surakarta Nur Aida; Rita Maliza; Imaniar Noor Faridah; Melinda Widianingrum; Dyah Aryani Perwitasari
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that developed due to the pancreas does not sufficient to produce insulin or the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Genetic factors have an essential role in the development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMT2), which impaired insulin production by pancreatic Î² cells, insulin resistance, and action. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the KCNJ11 rs5219 affected the pancreatic Î² cell activity that can inhibit insulin release, thus causing a decrease in therapeutic effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to identify the SNP rs5219 of the KCNJ11 gene and measure patient blood sugar levels as the outcome of therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively at Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, involving 10 patients with DMT2 who received sulfonylureas therapy. DNA was isolated from the whole blood sample of DMT2 patients. PCR amplification was performed to amplify the KCNJ11 gene, and followed by PCR sequencing. The 2-H PP, FPG, and HbA1c parameters were measured as therapeutic outcomes. The results showed that the genotype frequencies (AA-AG-GG) were 10%, 50%, and 40%, while the allele frequency (A-G) in the sample was 35% and 65%. The uncontrolled values for 2H-PP on genotype (AA and AG + GG) were 10% and 20%; uncontrolled FPG on genotypes AA and AG + GG were 10% and 40%; and uncontrolled HbA1c on genotype AA and AG + GG were 10% and 80%. This study conclusion is the presence of the SNP rs5219 KCNJ11 gene with A>G base change in DMT2 patients who received sulfonylurea therapy.

The effect of Raphanus sativus and Pachyrhizus erosus juice combination on the ethanol-induced gastric of mice Reza Pertiwi; Aanisah Hanuun; Noval Kurniawati; Petri Siti Khodijah; Dian Fita Lestari; Dyah Fitriani; Doni Notriawan
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Gastric ulcers can be caused by active inflammation due to impaired mucosal integrity, which causes local or widespread lesions. Gastric ulcers can occur due to the use of ethanol, which has a local effect on the gastric. Therefore, the continuous consumption of ethanol can damage gastric cells.Â Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ contain flavonoids, which are well-known to reduce stomach acid as a curative agent.Â The objective of this study is to see the effect ofÂ Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ juice as a preventive agent on alcohol-induced gastric ulcers in mice (Mus musculus). A combination of Raphanus sativus and Pachyrhizus erosus was given at a dose of 100, 300, and 600 mg/kgBW. Specifically, Raphanus sativus was given at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, Pachyrhizus erosus at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, and positive control was included using sucralfate. The treatment was carried out for 12 days, and 1 hour after the last day of treatment, 20 ml/kgBW of ethanol induction was given 24 hours after the animals were dissected.Â The results showed that the index value of gastric ulcers in the normal group, negative control,Â and the combination of Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ juice given orally at a dose of 100, 300, and 600 mg/kgBW (Raphanus sativus at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, Pachyrhizus erosus at a dose of 300 mg/kgBW, and sucralfate as positive control) were 0; 4.00; 1.00; 1.33; 2.33; 2.67; 0 and 2.00. The results of the histopathological analysis also showed improvement in the gastric of mice fed with Pachyrhizus erosus juice. Therefore, it is inferred that treatment using Raphanus sativusÂ andÂ Pachyrhizus erosus juice can reduce the number of ulcers, increase ratio protection, and repair the cells in gastric histopathology. Additionally, giving a single dose ofÂ Pachyrhizus erosusÂ juice results in a more significant gastric improvement.Â

Topical anti-inflammatory effect of Ekor Naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott) leaves extract Bernike Anatasya; Fathnur Sani K; Muhaimin Muhaimin
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Ekor Naga (Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott) leaves are leaves that contain secondary metabolites which can be developed into medicine. Ekor Naga leaves have secondary metabolite compounds of flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoid saponins, steroids, tannins, and phenols. This metabolite compound is the basis for testing the anti-inflammatory effect of Ekor Naga leaves extract using topical methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanol extract of Ekor Naga leaves by a topical method. This study used five treatment groups with five mice in each treatment. This research tested the anti-inflammatory activity of Ekor Naga leaves extract by using the combination of 2 methods; namely the method of forming airbags and the formation of artificial edema using the induction of 2% carrageenan solution with the observation parameters being the measurement of exudate volume and differentiation of the number of leukocyte cells observed under a microscope. The results showed that the Ekor Naga leaves extract had an anti-inflammatory effect. The best inflammatory effect is a concentration of 10%, followed by a concentration of 5% and 2.5%.

Formulations of liposomal vaccine containing AdhO36 antigen and Î²-glucan as immunoadjuvant Hidajah Rachmawati; Raditya Weka Nugraheni; Firasti Agung Nugrahening Sumadi; Helmy Yusuf
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Humans are the most crucial host of Salmonella Typhi as it has limited ability to reproduce outside the human body. Salmonella Typhi infections caused Typhoid fever which can be prevented with vaccines. This study aims to develop an effective typhoid fever oral vaccine using a liposomal delivery system. Â Several studies showed that the immunization of AdhO36 protein from Salmonella Typhi orally provides significant protection in inhibiting the Salmonella Typhi to the mice intestine. Î²-Glucan is a potent immunostimulant for macrophages activations. Meanwhile, the method used to produce Liposome formulations was using thin-film hydration. The liposomal products had good characteristics based on their particle size. The particle size results met the requirement for optimum intestinal absorption 399.220+28.095 nm Liposome+AdhO36 and 383.360+8.594 nm Liposome+Î²-glucan. Based on the zeta potential measurement, the electrical charges of the three formulations were positive, meaning that the liposome is cationic because of the DDAB (Dimethyl Dioctadecyl Ammonium Bromide) component. The positive charge will facilitate the internalization of antigen to the immunity cells.

Incision wound healing activity of free-range chicken (Gallus domesticus) egg white gel in mice Wahyu Widyaningsih; Sapto Yuliani; Ayu Wulandari; Rifka Salsabila
Pharmaciana Vol 11, No 3 (2021): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Egg whites reportedly exhibit wound healing activities by forming new cell tissues and accelerating damaged cell tissue recovery. This study aimed to determine whether and how egg whites prepared in gel dosage forms healed incision wounds in mice (Mus musculus). The method began with formulating gels by mixing egg whites with Carbopol 940, methylparaben, propylparaben, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, and distilled water. Sixteen mice were divided evenly into four groups, and each was subjected to a 1 cm long midline dorsal incision. Group I was given 10% povidone-iodine ointment, group II was gel base, group III was 10% egg white gel, and group IV was 20% egg white gel. Based on the test parameters measured during macroscopic observation, namely wound length and healing time, the gel preparations were found to fulfill the physical properties requirements, and incision wounds treated with 10% and 20% egg white gels healed in 9 and 12.5 days, respectively. The statistical test revealed a significant difference in wound size on Day 10 and in healing time between wound treatments with 10% gel and base gel (p < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the 10% egg white gel is effective in healing cuts in mice as it speeds wound healing and decreases wound size.

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Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

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Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location Kota yogyakarta, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email
m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA