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INDONESIA
Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26215756     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The objective of the CROPSAVER Journal is to present articles containing interesting and strategic issues. This journal discusses the discussion of articles with discussion rooms in the fields of plant pests and diseases, technology for pest control, taxonomy, insect physiology, biological insects, toxicology of pesticides, settlement pests that help research, research and research.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 2 (2023)" : 9 Documents clear
Does competition between Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus reduce the predation rate on brown planthopper? Septriani, Utari; Syahrawati, My; Arneti, Arneti
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.51131

Abstract

Pardosa pseudoannulata and Menochilus sexmaculatus are classified as natural enemies of the brown planthopper or BPH (Nilaparvata lugens). This study aimed to determine the effect of differences in density on mortality and their predation rate in suppressing the BPH population. This study used a completely randomized design of 15 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of different densities of two predators (1, 2, and 3 individuals). The variables observed were predator mortality, predation rate, competition between predators, and competition behavior. The results showed that competition between predators at different densities was not directly related to predator mortality and the predation rate of joint predators. Predator density tended to increase the predation rate, especially on M. sexmaculatus (R=0.894), while the density of P. pseudoannulata and joint predators was moderate (Rpardosa=0.587, Rjoint=0.522). M. sexmaculatus won the competition when its population increased. Equal competition occurred in the composition of 1 P. pseudoannulata and 3 M. sexmaculatus (P1M3); in this composition, no deaths were found due to competition, with the predation rate reaching 86.7%. Cannibalism dominates intraspecific competition between individuals of P. pseudoannulata, while interspecific competition occurs between the two species, causing sub-lethal effects.
Antagonistic Endophytic Fungi from Papaya Fruit Against Anthracnose Causing Pathogens (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) on Papaya Fruit Nasahi, Ceppy; Amatullah, Hana Lathifah; Kurniadie, Denny
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.47087

Abstract

Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides considered a major disease on papaya fruit. One way to control plant diseases is to use antagonistic fungi as biocontrol agents. Several antagonistic fungi can be found in plant tissues (endophytic fungi). This study aims to get endophytic fungi from papaya fruit antagonistic to the fungus C. gloeosporioides. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and five replications on in-vitro and in-vivo tests. The results showed that three isolates of endophytic fungi found from papaya fruit were Fusarium sp., Aureobasidium sp., and Acremonium sp., which had an inhibition of 63.5%, 67.86%, and 7.52%, respectively. Fusarium sp. and Aureobasidium sp. are potentially considered antagonist fungi in controlling the fungus C. gloeosporioides in in-vitro testing based on the inhibition results were more than 60%. Aureobasidium sp. is considered potential antagonist fungi according to the colonization or growth of C. gloeosporioides mycelium inhibition that emerges on papaya up to 97%. 
Effectiveness Of Liquid Smoke from Oil Palm Solid Waste Against Spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) Ainun, Khairunissa; Giffari, Fahri Rijal; Widayani, Neneng Sri; Fathussalam, Muhammad; Haryadi, Dudi; Yuwono, Indra; Dono, Danar
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.51908

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest producers of palm oil commodities in the world. Massive palm oil production to meet high demand can pose risks in increasing waste production. The processing of solid palm oil waste into liquid smoke through pyrolysis is carried out as an effort to mitigate environmental damage caused by greenhouse gases. Components in liquid smoke can be utilized as natural insecticides. This research aims to determine the potential of liquid smoke from solid palm oil waste, namely fiber and frond, to control Spodoptera frugiperda. The testing method uses a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 11 treatments repeated three times. Liquid smoke application is done by dipping the feed, which is then given to S. frugiperda instar II. The results show that liquid smoke from fronds causes higher mortality in S. frugiperda compared to liquid smoke from fibers. At a concentration of 4%, liquid smoke from fronds and fibers caused S. frugiperda mortality of 63.33% and 40%, respectively. Liquid smoke application also suppressed feed consumption by 72.98% lower than the control and caused an extension of time from instar II-VI at the 4% application concentration. The use of liquid smoke from palm fronds and fibers can be used as an insecticide as one of the pest control techniques and a solution for utilizing palm oil waste.
The Abilities of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma sp. to Suppress Powdery Mildew Disease on Tomato Leaves Istifadah, Noor; Maharani, Febry Aulia Riski
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.49011

Abstract

Powdery mildew caused by Oidium sp. is an important disease on tomatoes cultivated in the greenhouse. Biological control is an environmentally-friendly method for plant disease control. The objective of this study was to examine the abilities of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma sp. isolated from compost tea to suppress powdery mildew disease on tomato leaves. The experiments were arranged in randomized complete block design with seven treatments consisting application of B. subtilis, Trichoderma sp., the combination of both microbes, molasses (1%), water and control (untreated leaves). In the first experiment, the treatments were applied on the infected leaves as curative strategy, while in the second experiment the treatments were applied at 7, 4, and 1 day before and every 3 days after pathogen inoculation. The results showed that B. subtilis, Trichoderma sp. or combination of both microbes that were applied in the infected leaves only reduced the disease severity by 29–33%. However, the application of B. subtilis every three days started at 7 days before pathogen inoculation suppressed powdery mildew by 93.7%, whereas combination of B. subtilis and Trichoderma sp. reduced the symptom on inoculated leaves by 85.3%. Spraying tomato leaves with 1% molasses reduced the infection rate and suppressed powdery mildew by 78.6%. Mixing the molasses with Trichoderma sp. suspension (10%, v/v) did not improve the level of suppression. This study showed that application of B. subtilis regularly as preventive measure is very potential for biological control of powdery mildew disease.
Effectiveness of Fermented Coffee Cherry Liquid Extract on Preference of Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) at Coffee Plantation Rasiska, Siska; Widiantini, Fitri; Nadhira, Nadhira
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.50566

Abstract

Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) are the major pest of coffee crops that can cause damage up to 40 percent. One attempt to control CBB was to use an attractant from the coffee cherry, whose potential can be enhance by fermentation. Fermented coffee will produce metabolites, such as lactic acid, ethanol, and ethyl acetate, which can increase the complexity of the aroma. The study aims to determine the effect of the fermented coffee cherry liquid extract on  CBB attractiveness, assess the intensity of the CBB attack, and other insects trapped. The method used in this research is an experiment designed in groups at the site of people’s coffee plantations, Sindangsari Village, Sukasari-Sumedang District. The treatment in this study was a fermented coffee cherry liquid extract, with a volume of aquadest (150ml), 90ml, 120ml, and 150ml, thus obtaining 9 treatments, and each repeated 3 times. Other insects trapped was identified in Pest Laboratory-Universitas Padjadjaran. The results showed that the treatment of wet fermented coffee cherry liquid extract and the volume of 120ml and 150ml could trap CBB better than the other treatments, but did not affect the intensity of CBB attack on coffee plants. Other trapped insects were dominanted by the Coleoptera order of the Staphillinidae family that acted as predators and Diptera of the Drosophillidae family wich acted like herbivores. Thus, fermented coffee fruit liquid extract can be used as a CBB attractant, but its use for the purpose of controlling CBB needs to be well designed so that it does not have a negative impact on natural enemies or other non-target insects.
Effect of feed type on biology and nutritional indices of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Irsyad, Andika Muhammad; Dono, Danar; Puspasari, Lindung Tri
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.49536

Abstract

Hermetia illucens L. (Black Soldier Fly) larvae are used as a source of high protein for animal feed, in cultivation they must produce larvae with fast growth and development in large numbers as well as imago with a high reproductive rate. The success factor from the type of feed given, because it can affect the growth and development of the larvae. The research to find a better type of feed for the growth and development of larvae. The research conducted from March 2022 to February 2023 at the Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The experiment used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment used grain bran feed, rice bran with kale, bran with banana stems, and bran with chicken manure compost. The results showed that the type of grain bran feed with chicken manure compost produced better scores on net reproduction rate (2210.85 females/mother/generation), intrinsic rate of increase (46.43%), population doubling (3.6 days), proportion of live individuals (0.84 individuals), number of eggs (528.8 eggs), average weight (6.534 g), consumption rate (0.0112 g/day), relative consumption rate (0.0104 g/day), growth rate (…0,0123 g/day..), relative growth rate (0,0115 g/g/day), digestibility (3.1940%), efficiency conversion of food consumed (2.0033%), and efficiency consumption of digested food (2,2029%)  with increase respectively 4.58 times, 9.63 times, 4.61 times, 2.1 times, 2.27 times, 3.11 times, 2 times, 2.03 times, 1.14 times, 1.16 times, 2.88 times, 1.98 times, and 3.10 times compared to rice bran feed.
Effect of Fobio on Intensity of Moler Disease (Fusarium oxysporum) on Various Shallot Cultivars Elvira, Nolla Dwi; Wiyatiningsih, Sri; Suryaminarsih, Penta
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.45747

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum is the pathogen that causes moler disease which can reduce the productivity of shallot plants. The use of cultivars greatly affects the production. Control method that is more environmentally friendly is currently being pursued towards organic farming. Fobio is a biopesticide containing plant root microorganisms as biological control agents. This study aims to determine the effect of Fobio biopesticide on Fusarium wilt (moler) disease incidence and production of three shallot cultivars. The experiment was conducted in the shallot planting area of Sukorejo Village, Rejoso District, Nganjuk Regency, East Java. This experiment was arranged in the split plot design with two factors. The main plot of the concentration of the biopesticide formula (Fobio) consisted of 3 levels namely control (chemical fungicide), 5 ml/liter, and 10 ml/liter, and the subplot of shallot cultivar consisted of 3 types namely Tajuk, Biru Lanchor, and Super Philip. The observation in this study were the incubation period, disease symptoms, disease intensity, and shallot bulb yield. The results showed that Fobio biopesticide at the concentration of 10 ml/liter caused the same disease suppression as chemical fungicide (control) in the three shallot cultivars with the disease incidence of 18.78%. Fobio biopesticide concentration of 10 ml/liter had also the same effect as chemical fungicide on the production of those shallot cultivars, with the average wet weight of 2.25 kg/treatment and dry weight of 1.49 kg/treatment.
Effectiveness of seed oil formulations of Azadirachta indica (A.) Juss and Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz in controlling aphids (Aphis gossypii glover) on Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa duch) plants Sudarjat, Sudarjat; Djaya, Luciana; Muhammad, Ardhi
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.51238

Abstract

Strawberry production is often decreased by plant pest infestation in the field. One of the major pests is Aphis gossypii. Strawberry farmers typically use synthetic chemical pesticides to control aphid, however, this can pose serious environmental and human health problems if done continuously. The use of synthetic chemical pesticides can be minimized by using botanical pesticides, as they are safer for human health and the environment. Botanical pesticides that can be used include neem seed extract (Azadirachta indica) and sea poison tree (Barringtonia asiatica). The objective of this research was to test the effectiveness of neem and sea poison tree seed oil formulations against A. gossypii on strawberry plants. The experiment was conducted at CV Bumi Agro Technology, Lembang, from April 2023 to August 2023, arranged in the randomized complete block design consisting of 7 treatments with 4 replications. The treatments were application of neem and sea poison tree seed oil at different concentrations, as follow: (A) Control, (B) Abamectin 0.15%, (C) Neem Oil 2%, (D) Neem seed oil 50 EC 2%, (E) Neem seed oil 50 EC 1%, (F) Sea poison tree seed oil 30 SC 2%, and (G) Sea poison tree seed oil 30 SC 1%. The results showed that neem and sea poison tree seed oil formulations at the concentration of 2% were effective in controlling A. gossypii on strawberry plants.
In-Vitro Antifungal Test of Methanol Extract of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) Seeds Against Colletotrichum sp. the incitant of anthracnose of Red Chilli Suganda, Tarkus; Amanda, Lauren Thalita; Maharani, Yani
CROPSAVER Vol 6, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v6i2.48350

Abstract

Colletotrichum sp. the incitant of anthracnose, is very detrimental disease in chili plants. Anthracnose control relies on synthetic fungicides that can have a negative impact on the environment and human health, so more environmentally friendly control alternatives are needed. The butterfly pea plant (Clitoria ternatea L.) is often used as a traditional medicine because it contains functional compounds that are antifungal and antibacterial. This study aimed to test the antifungal effect of the methanol extract of butterfly pea seeds against Colletotrichum sp. of chili plants. The research was carried out from February to April 2023 at the Phytopathology Laboratory of the Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The research method used was an experimental method with poison food techniques in a Completely Randomized Design consisted of 5 treatments with 5 replications. The treatment concentrations of extract used consisted of 1%, 2%, 3%, control, and fungicide mancozeb 0.2% as a comparison. The results showed that the methanol extract of butterfly pea seeds provided the highest inhibition of colony growth (34%) at a concentration of 3%. Inhibition of conidia production of 28.8% was shown at a concentration of 1% but no inhibition at concentrations of 2% and 3%. Methanol extract from butterfly pea seeds could not inhibit the germination of conidia of the fungus Colletotrichum sp. but the germinated conidia become aborted and fail to develop as miselia. The effectiveness of the methanol extract of butterfly pea seeds is still lower than the mancozeb fungicide.

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