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INDONESIA
Jurnal Hortikultura
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 08537097     EISSN : 25025120     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Hortikultura (J.Hort) memuat artikel primer yang bersumber dari hasil penelitian hortikultura, yaitu tanaman sayuran, tanaman hias, tanaman buah tropika maupun subtropika. Jurnal Hortikultura diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura, Badan Litbang Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian. Jurnal Hortikultura terbit pertama kali pada bulan Juni tahun 1991, dengan empat kali terbitan dalam setahun, yaitu setiap bulan Maret, Juni, September, dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,166 Documents
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Spesies Lalat Buah yang Menyerang Sayuran Solanaceae dan Cucurbitaceae di Sumatera Selatan Herlinda, S; Zuroaidah, -; Pujiastuti, Y; Samad, S; Adam, T
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui spesies lalat buah yang menyerang sayuran Solanaceae dan Cucurbitaceae di sentra sayuran di Sumatera Selatan. Survei dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari sampai Juni 2006 di sentra tanaman sayuran famili Solanaceae (Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, Solanum melongena L., Lycopersicum pimpinellifoliumL., dan Capsicum annuum L.), dan Cucurbitaceae (Cucumis sativus L., Luffa acutangula L., Momordica charantia, Linn., dan Sechium edule Jack.). Spesies lalat buah yang ditemukan di Sumatera Selatan ada 4, yaitu Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), B. dorsalis (Hendel), B. tau (Walker), dan B. umbrosus Fabricius. Dari keempat spesies tersebut B. cucurbitae muncul dari buah C. sativus, L. acutangulata, M. charantia, dan S. edule. Bactrocera tau muncul dari buah C. sativus, dan B. dorsalis muncul dari buah C. annuum, L. esculentum, L. pimpinellifolium, dan S. melongena. Lalat buah yang terperangkap melalui perangkap metil eugenol, yaitu B. dorsalis, B. cucurbitae, dan B. umbrosus.ABSTRACT. Herlinda, S., Zuroaidah, Y. Pujiastuti, S. Samad, and T. Adam. 2008. Species of Fruitfly Attacking Solanaceous and Cucurbitaceous Vegetables in South Sumatera. The research was aimed to identify the species of fruitfly infesting Solanaceous and Cucurbitaceous vegetables at the center of vegetable production in South Sumatera. Survey had been conducted in central areas of Solanaceous vegetable (Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, Solanum melongena L., Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium L., and Capsicum annuum L.), and cucurbitaceous vegetable (Cucumis sativus L., Luffa acutangula L., Momordica charantia Linn., and Sechium edule Jack). There were 4 fruitfly species found in South Sumatera, i.e. Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactroceratau (Walker), and Bactrocera umbrosus Fabricius. Among them, B. cucurbitae was found on fruits of C. sativus, L. acutangulata, M. charantia, and S. edule; Bactrocera tau was found on fruits of C. sativus; B. dorsalis was found on fruits of C. annuum, L. esculentum, L. pimpinellifolium, and S. melongena. Three species of fruitfly were trapped by methyl eugenol, namely B. dorsalis, B. cucurbitaceae, and B. umbrosus.
Uji Adaptasi Lima Varietas Bawang Merah Asal Dataran Tinggi dan Medium pada Ekosistem Dataran Rendah Brebes Kusmana, -; Basuki, Rofik Sinung; Kurniawan, H
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Bawang merah umumnya ditanam di dataran rendah pada musim kemarau, karena pada musim hujanlahan dataran rendah yang biasa ditanami bawang dipergunakan untuk pertanaman padi. Penanaman serempakbawang merah dilakukan di musim kemarau. Penanaman secara bersamaan pada musim kemarau sering menyebabkankekurangan bibit, sehingga diperlukan pasokan bibit dari daerah dan sentra produksi di daerah dataran medium dandataran tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan varietas bawang merah asal dataran tinggi dan medium yangcocok ditanam pada agroekosistem dataran rendah Brebes. Lima varietas dataran tinggi dan medium ditambah 3varietas pembanding yang banyak dibudidayakan di Brebes, yaitu varietas Tanduyung, Ilokos, dan Bima Curut, diujidalam suatu percobaan yang ditata sesuai dengan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Populasi tanaman perplot sebanyak 500 tanaman. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kelima varietas yang diuji dapat beradaptasi diBrebes. Varietas yang berdaya hasil tinggi adalah Batu Ciwidey (27,3 t/ha berat basah), dengan potensi hasil yangsetara dengan varietas Tanduyung (26,8 t/ha berat basah), dan Bima Curut (24,9 t/ha berat basah). Varietas BatuCiwidey menghasilkan umbi ukuran besar yang nyata lebih besar dari varietas Bima Curut dan TanduyungABSTRACT. Kusmana, R.S. Basuki, and H. Kurniawan. 2009. Adaptation Trial of Five Shallots VarietiesOriginated from High and Mid Altitudes in Lowland Ecosystem Brebes. Shallots are mostly grown in lowlandelevation at dry season. At the rainy season the land are not fit because it was used for planting paddy. Growingshallots at the same time in the dry season causes insufficient of planting materials. Therefore, seed supply wasneeded from other mid and high elevation production areas. The objective of the research was to select mid and highelevation shallots varieties which were suitable in Brebes. Five mid and high elevation shallot varieties (MentengKupa, Maja, Bali Karet Maja, Batu Ciwidey, and Bali Karet Batu), and 3 local varieties from Brebes (Tanduyung,Ilokos, and Bima Curut) were planted in the field using cultivation technique applied by farmers. The experimentwas arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The population was 500 hills per plot. Theresults indicated that the highest yield was obtained by variety Batu Ciwidey (27.3 t/ha) and did not significantlydifferent with Tanduyung (26.8 t/ha), and Bima Curut (24.9 t/ha). In addition, Batu Ciwidey variety had bigger tubersize compared to those of Bima Curut and Tanduyung varieties.
Pengaruh Formula Pupuk dan Jarak Tanam terhadap Hasil dan Kualitas Bunga Mawar Potong Tedjasarwana, Rahayu; Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Formula pupuk yang dipergunakan pada tanaman mawar di Indonesia perlu dikembangkan. Tujuanpenelitian untuk mengetahui formula pupuk yang sesuai bagi mawar potong pada beberapa jarak tanaman. Percobaandilaksanakan di dalam Rumah Plastik Kebun Percobaan Segunung, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, di Desa CiherangCipanas, Pacet, Cianjur, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 1.100 m dpl. pada bulan September 2003 - Januari 2004. Percobaanmenggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah formula pupuk yaitu komersial (JORO),Cipanas A1, dan Cipanas A2. Anak petak terdiri dari jarak tanam 30x30 cm, 30x20 cm, 30x15 cm, 40x20 cm, dan40x15 cm. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa panjang tangkai bunga tertinggi (63,33 cm) dan produksi bungatertinggi (46,31 tangkai/petak) diperoleh pada jarak tanam rapat (30x15 cm). Jumlah petal bunga tertinggi (44,27petal/kuntum) diperoleh pada jarak tanam terlonggar (30x30 cm) yang sama dengan jarak tanam terapat (30x15 cm)sebesar 40,53 petal/kuntum. Lama kesegaran bunga tertinggi (4,77 hari) diperoleh pada jarak tanam 40x20 cm yangsama dengan jarak tanam lainnya, kecuali pada jarak tanam terlonggar (30x30 cm) lama kesegaran bunganya terendah(4,33 hari). Formula pupuk komersial, Cipanas A1 dan Cipanas A2 yang diuji menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbedanyata. Oleh karena itu formula pupuk Cipanas A1 dan Cipanas A2 dapat sebagai pengganti formula pupuk komersial.Hasil penelitian ini dapat dipergunakan pengusaha dan petani bunga mawar potong untuk meramu pupuk–pupukyang diteliti secara tunggal menjadi 1 formula pupuk yang lengkapABSTRACT. Tejasarwana R. and I.B. Rahardjo. 2009. The Effect of Fertilizer Formulae and Plant Spacing onthe Yield and Quality of Rose Cut Flower. Fertilizer formulae for rose cultivation in Indonesia need to be developed.The objective of the experiment was to find out appropriate fertilizer formulae and plant spacing for rose cut flower.The experiment was conducted in Plastichouse at Segunung Field Trial of Indonesian Ornamental Crops ResearchInstitute, Cianjur, West Java (elevation 1,100 m asl.) from September 2003 to January 2004. Split-plot design with3 replications was used. The main plot was fertilizer formulae, i.e commercial (JORO), Cipanas A1, and Cipanas A2.While the subplot was plant spacing, i.e. 30x30 cm, 30x20 cm, 30x15 cm, 40x20 cm, and 40x15 cm. Results of theexperiment showed that the longest flower stalk (63.33 cm) and the highest flower production (46.31 stalks/plot)were obtained from plant spacing 30 x15 cm. The highest petal number/flower (44.27 petals/flower) were obtainedfrom plant spacing 30x30 cm that was similar with plant spacing 30x15 cm (40.53 petals/flower). The longest flowervaselife (4.77 days) was obtained from plant spacing 40x20 cm that was same with other treatments, except on spacingof 30x30 cm of having flower vase life the lowest (4.33 days). Fertilizer formulae of commercial, Cipanas A1, andCipanas A2 showed no significant different. Therefore fertilizer formulae of Cipanas A1 and Cipanas A2 could be usedas substitution for commercial fertilizer formulae. This result can be used by businessman and farmer to formulatethe fertilizer that have been studied singly to become a complete fertilizer formulae
Respons Tanaman Mentimun terhadap Penggunaan Tanaman Penutup Tanah Kacang-kacangan dan Mulsa Jerami Sumarni, Nani; Sumiati, Ety; Rosliani, Rini
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, dari bulan Juli-Oktober 2004. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah dan mulsa organikpaling baik untuk meningkatkan hasil mentimun dan kesuburan lahan Andisol, Lembang. Rancangan percobaan yangdigunakan adalah strip plot design dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 2 faktor, yaitu mulsa organik (tanpa dandengan mulsa jerami sebanyak 5 t/ha), serta jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah (tanpa tanaman penutuptanah, kacang tanah dengan jarak tanam 50x30 cm, kacang tanah dengan jarak tanam 50x15 cm, kacang jogo denganjarak tanam 50x30 cm, dan kacang jogo dengan jarak tanam 50x15 cm). Tanaman mentimun ditanam di antara 2baris tanaman penutup tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara tanaman penutuptanah dan mulsa jerami terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun. Mulsa jerami tidak nyata berpengaruh terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun, sedangkan jenis dan kerapatan tanaman penutup tanah nyata berpengaruh terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun. Kacang tanah tumbuh menutupi permukaan tanah lebih lambat daripada kacangjogo. Namun kacang tanah dengan kerapatan 50x30 cm merupakan tanaman penutup tanah yang paling baik karenamenghasilkan sisa tanaman (bahan organik) lebih banyak dan tidak menurunkan pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun.Pembenaman sisa tanaman penutup tanah dan mulsa organik 1 bulan setelah panen mentimun, banyak berpengaruhterhadap kesuburan kimia tanah Andisol.ABSTRACT. Sumarni, N., E. Sumiati, and R. Rosliani. 2009. Responses of Cucumber to Application ofLeguminosae Cover Crops and Rice Straw Mulch. The experiment was laid in a strip plot design with 3 replications.The research was aimed to find out kind and density of Leguminosae cover crops and rice straw mulch to improve soilfertility of Andisol soil Lembang and increase the yield of cucumber. The treatments consisted of 2 factors. The firstfactor was organic mulch viz: without mulch and with rice straw mulch (5 t/ha). The second factor was the combinationof kinds and densities of cover crops, viz: without cover crop, peanut cover crop (50x30 cm), peanut cover crop(50x15 cm), red bean cover crop (50x30 cm), and red bean cover crop (50x15 cm). Cucumber were planted between2 rows of cover crops. The results revealed that there were no interaction effect between cover crops and organicmulch on soil fertility and cucumber yield. Independently, plant growth and yield of cucumber were not affected byrice straw mulch. Whereas, kinds and densities of cover crops affected plant growth and yield of cucumber. Peanutgrew slower than red bean in covering soil surface. However, peanut cover crops with 50 x 30 cm planting distance,was better than other treatments. It did not affect plant growth and cucumber yield, and it provided more plant residue(organic matter) on soil surface. Burrying the residues of cover crops and rice straw mulch 1 month after harvestingcucumber could improve chemical characteristics of Andisol soils.
Pengaruh Rachis Pisang terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Embun Tepung dan Bercak Hitam pada Daun Mawar Djatnika, I
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Embun tepung dan bercak hitam merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman mawar. Dilaporkan bahwa ekstrak rachis pisang dapat mengendalikan penyakit. Untuk mendapatkan cara pengendalian penyakit yang mudah diaplikasikan dan aman terhadap lingkungan, maka ekstrak tersebut berpotensi untuk dikembangkan penggunaannya. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak rachis pisang terhadap intensitas penyakit embun tepung dan bercak hitam pada tanaman mawar var. Black Magic di lapangan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak rachis dengan konsentrasi 10% sudah dapat mengendalikan embun tepung, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi intensitas penyakit bercak hitam.ABSTRACT. Djatnika, I. 2008. The Effect of Banana Rachis on Development of Powdery Mildew and Black Spot on Rose Plant. Powdery mildew and black leaf spot are the important diseases on rose plant. Banana rachis was reported to be able to reduce some plant diseases and has the potency to be developed for disease control method which is easy to apply and environmentally friendly. The objective of the research was to find out the effect of banana rachis extract to control powdery mildew and black spot on rose plant var. Black Magic. The results indicated that 10% of banana rachis extract was able to control the powdery mildew, but not on the black spot disease intensity.
Anasir Lingkungan Penentu Produksi Kubis di Lahan Pasir Pantai Suparso, -; Tohari, -; Shiddieq, D; Setiadi, B
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji anasir lingkungan yang menentukan produksi kubis di lahan pasir pantai.Percobaan lapangan dilaksanakan di Samas, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta pada musim hujan dan kemaraudari Januari-Agustus 2005. Musim hujan memiliki intensitas cahaya, suhu udara, dan suhu tanah lebih tinggi daripadamusim kemarau. Air pengatusan musim hujan lebih rendah daripada musim kemarau. Kadar prolin daun tidak berbedanyata antarmusim, yaitu 6,58 μmol/g. Laju pertumbuhan tanaman minggu ke-8-10 ditentukan oleh intensitas cahaya(ISMH) dan air pengatusan sesuai persamaan Ylpt 8-10 = 211,73-0,151 X ismh -0,244 Xatus (R2=0,923**). Bobot segarhasil kubis ditentukan oleh suhu tanah dan air pengatusan mengikuti model Ybsh= 151,66 -2,96X stnh -0,0171 X atus(R2=0,612*). Tanaman kubis dapat tumbuh baik di lahan pasir pantai pada musim hujan maupun musim kemaraudengan hasil berkisar 37-40 t/ha.ABSTRACT. Saparso, Tohari, D. Shiddieq, and B. Setiadi. 2009. Environment Elements Determinant forCabbage Yield in Coastal Sandy Land. The objective of this study was to examine environmental determinant forcabbage yield in coastal sandy land. Field experiment was carried out in Samas, Bantul, Yogyakarta Special Provincein the rainy and dry season from January up to August 2005. The rainy season had higher radiation intensity, airtemperature, and soil temperature than the dry season. Drainage water, therefore, was smaller than those drainagewater at the dry season. Proline leaf content was not significantly different between season, of 6,58 μmol/g. Plantgrowth rate was determined by radiation intensity and drainage according to equation Ylpt 8-10 = 211,73-0,151 Xismh -0,244 Xatus (R2=0,923**). The cabbage productiviy was determined by soil temperature and drainage as Ybsh =151,66 -2,96X stnh -0,0171 X atus (R2=0,612*). The cabbage crop grown well either in the rainy or dry season and itproduced 37,0-40,0 t/ha.
Preferensi Spesies Lalat Buah terhadap Atraktan Metil Eugenol dan Cue-Lure dan Populasinya di Sumatera Barat dan Riau Maryati, A; Hasyim, -; Riska, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi beberapa spesies lalat buah terhadap atraktan metil eugenol dan cue-lure serta kelimpahan populasinya di Sumatera Barat dan Pulau Kundur, Kabupaten Karimun, Riau. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei mulai bulan Juni 2003 sampai Desember 2004. Lalat buah ditangkap menggunakan perangkap yang terbuat dari botol bekas air mineral dan di dalamnya digantungkan kapas yang telah dibasahi dengan metil eugenol atau cue-lure. Lalat buah hasil tangkapan di bawa ke laboratorium proteksi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika Solok untuk diidentifikasi menggunakan kunci identifikasi elektronik Cabikey dan dihitung persentase masing-masing spesies yang tertangkap pada tiap atraktan yang digunakan. Dari semua spesies yang ditemukan, 17 spesies hanya tertarik pada atraktan metil eugenol, 19 spesies tertarik pada atraktan cue-lure, dan 9 spesies tertarik pada kedua atraktan. Bactrocera carambolae dan B. papayae merupakan spesies yang populasinya paling tinggi hampir di semua lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian bermanfaat sebagai dasar penentuan strategi pengendalian lalat buah terutama pengendalian menggunakan feromon.ABSTRACT. Muryati, A. Hasyim, and Riska. 2008. The Preference of Fruitflies Species to Methyl Eugenol and Cue-lure Attractant and Its Population in West Sumatera and Riau. Objective of the research was to study the preference of fruitflies species to methyl eugenol and cue-lure attractant and its population at West Sumatera and Kundur Island, Riau. The research was conducted by survey on June 2003 to December 2004. Fruitflies were trapped by using methyl eugenol or cue-lure attractant that were hung inside of traps made from used bottle of mineral water. The fruitflies caught were brought to the laboratory of plant protection, Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) for identification by using Cabikey electronic identification key and the percentage of each species caught were counted. Among species found, 17 species attracted to methyl eugenol, 19 species attracted to cue-lure, and 9 species attracted to both attractants. Bactrocera carambolae and B. papayae were the most abundance species found in almost the whole research location. This information can be used to develop control strategy of fruitfly, especially using sexferomone.
Teknik Pembuatan Keripik Simulasi Labu Jepang Kusbiantoro, B; Histifarina, D
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Tujuan penelitian untuk mempelajari optimasi proses pembuatan keripik simulasi labu jepang. Penelitiandilakukan di Laboratorium Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB dan Laboratorium Pi lotPlan, PAU Pangan dan Gizi, IPB Bogor dari bulan Maret sampai Juli 2003. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan acaklengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah perbandingan persentase labu kukus dan campurantepung (perbandingan tapioka:tepung terigu) yaitu 35:55 (1:1); 35:55 (1:2); 35:55 (2:1); 30:60 (1:1); 30:60 (1:2);30:60 (2:1); 25:65 (1:1); 25:65 (1:2), dan 25:65 (2:1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan30% labu kukus dan 60% campuran tepung tapioka : tepung terigu (2:1) memberikan hasil terbaik dilihat darikerenyahan dan rasa yang pal ing disukai oleh panelis (5,80 dan 5,60); rasio pengembangan dan rendemen tertinggi(163 dan 70,09%), kadar air 5,27% b.b dan kadar lemak 28,09 % b.b.The study of pro cess ing on squash sim u la -tion chips. The aim of this re search was to study the op ti mum pro cess ing of squash sim u la tion chips. The re search wascon ducted at Food Tech nol ogy Lab o ra tory, Fac ulty of Ag ri cul ture Tech nol ogy, IPB and Pi lot Plan Laboratorium,PAU, IPB, Bogor from March un til July 2003. A com pletely ran dom ized de signs was used with three rep li ca tions.The treat ments were per cent age ra tio of steam squash and mixed flour (tap i oca: wheat), i.e.: 35:55 (1:1); 35:55 (1:2);35:55 (2:1); 30:60 (1:1); 30:60 (1:2); 30:60 (2:1); 25:65 (1:1); 25:65 (1:2) dan 25:65 (2:1). The re sults showed that30% steamed squash and 60% mixed flour (tap i oca-wheat 2:1) gave the best re sult based on the crisp i ness and thetaste, high est ra tio of ad vance ment and rendement (163 and 70.09%); wa ter con tent 5.27% w.b and fat con tent 28,09% w.b.
Pemanfaatan Mikoriza dan Aplikasi Pupuk Anorganik pada Tumpangsari Cabai dan Kubis di Dataran Tinggi Rosliani, Rini; Sumarni, Nani
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, Jawa Baratpada ketinggian tempat 1.250 m dpl. dari bulan Juni sampai September 2005. Jenis tanah percobaan Andisol. Tujuanpercobaan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mikoriza dan penggunaan pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan, serapan hara,serta hasil tanaman cabai dan kubis yang ditanam secara tumpangsari di dataran tinggi. Perlakuan terdiri atas inokulasimikoriza Glomus sp. (dengan dan tanpa) dan dosis pupuk NPK (0, 250, 500, 750, dan 1.000 kg NPK/ha). Rancanganpercobaan menggunakan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Inokulasi mikoriza dilakukan di persemaiandengan cara mencampurkannya dengan media. Waktu tanam cabai di lapangan, yaitu 2 minggu sebelum tanam kubis.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi mikoriza tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil kubis. namundapat meningkatkan persentase biji yang berkecambah dan pertumbuhan bibit cabai di persemaian, walaupun tidakmeningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman cabai di lapangan. Aplikasi pupuk anorganik (NPK) meningkatkan pertumbuhantanaman serta hasil cabai dan kubis. Tanpa inokulasi mikoriza, aplikasi pupuk NPK 1.000 kg/ha menghasilkan bobotbuah sampel cabai tertinggi. Dengan inokulasi mikoriza, untuk menghasilkan bobot buah cabai yang tinggi hanyamembutuhkan pupuk NPK 250 kg/ha. Inokulasi mikoriza dapat mengurangi aplikasi pupuk NPK menjadi ¼ dosisstandar. Teknologi yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini sangat berguna untuk pengembangan usahatani cabai dan kubisyang efisien dan berkelanjutan di dataran tinggi.ABSTRACT. Rosliani, R. and N. Sumarni. 2009. Application of Mycorrhizae and Anorganic Fertilizer on theGrowth, Nitrient Uptake, and Yield of Hot Pepper and Cabbage Intercropping on the Highland. The experimentwas conducted at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute Experimental Site, Lembang, West Java. The objectivewas to determine the effect of mycorrhizae inoculation and application of anorganic fertilizer on the growth, nutrientuptake, and yield of hot pepper and cabbage intercropping on the highland. The treatments consisted of 2 rates ofmycorrhizae inoculation (with and without) and NPK anorganic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg NPK/ha).Overall, the experiment was arranged in a randomized block design comprises of 10 treatment combinations with 3replicates. Mycorrhizae inoculation was done by mixing with seedling media in nursery. Hot pepper was transplantedto the field 2 weeks before cabbage. The results showed that mycorrhizae inoculation did not increase the growthand yield of cabbage. In the nursery, mycorrhizae inoculation increased percentage of the germinated seed and thegrowth of hot pepper seedling, but it did not increase the growth of hot pepper in the field. Application of anorganicfertilizer increased the growth and yield of both hot pepper and cabbage. Without mycorrhizae inoculation, applicationof (NPK) anorganic fertilizer 1,000 kg/ha produced the highest fruit weight of hot pepper. While mycorrhizaeinoculation could reduce the use of anorganic fertilizer up to ¼ of standard dosage (250 kg NPK/ha). The results ofthis experiment was very beneficial for hot pepper and cabbage farming system in the highland since it was moreefficient and sustainable.
Interaksi Komponen dalam Sistem Usahatani Tanaman-Ternak Pada Ekosistem Dataran Tinggi di Jawa Barat Adiyoga, Witono; Soetiarso, T A; Ameriana, M
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 2 (2008): Juni 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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ABSTRAK. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di daerah dataran tinggi Jawa Barat (Lembang: Desa Cibodas dan Suntenjaya, Pangalengan: Desa Pulosari dan Margamulya, dan Ciwidey: Desa Lebakmuncang dan Panundaan) pada bulan Juni-Oktober 2004. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui interaksi antarkomponen dalam sistem usahatani tanaman-ternak pada ekosistem dataran tinggi. Responden di setiap lokasi ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria bahwa responden bersangkutan melakukan usahatani tanaman-ternak. Rincian jumlah responden di masing-masing lokasi adalah: Lembang 40 orang, Pangalengan 45 orang, dan Ciwidey 44 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem usahatani tanaman-ternak dataran tinggi di Jawa Barat merupakan sistem usahatani campuran terdiversifikasi, bukan sistem yang terintegrasi. Komponen sayuran dan sapi perah bersama-sama diusahakan, tetapi cenderung saling berdiri sendiri. Kombinasi 2 jenis usaha ini lebih bersifat saling mereduksi risiko, namun interaksi di antara keduanya cenderung minimal. Aliran hara bersifat linear, karena aktivitas daur ulang sumberdaya yang terjadi cenderung rendah. Interaksi antarkomponen juga bersifat minimal yang tercermin dari kontribusi kuantitatif subsistem ternak sapi perah terhadap kebutuhan total tenaga kerja untuk pengelolaan tanaman sayuran sebesar 0%, kontribusi subsistem ternak terhadap kebutuhan total pupuk kandang untuk pengelolaan tanaman sayuran hanya berkisar antara 0-25%, dan kontribusi limbah sayuran, atau produk sampingan dari sayuran yang diusahakan terhadap kebutuhan total pakan ternak hanya berkisar antara 0-10%. Berkaitan dengan penggunaan sumberdaya, kompetisi penggunaan tenaga kerja, khususnya tenaga kerja keluarga, misalnya, antara tenaga kerja untuk penyiangan/penyemprotan pestisida/pemupukan dengan tenaga kerja untuk keperluan menyabit rumput, sudah dirasakan sangat tinggi/ketat oleh petani. Dampak positif sistem tanaman-ternak yang dianggap nyata terhadap kelestarian lingkungan adalah penanaman rumput pakan ternak di pinggiran terasan (mengurangi erosi tanah) serta penggunaan pupuk kandang (memperbaiki struktur dan kesuburan tanah). Sementara itu, dampak negatif dari sistem tanaman-ternak berupa polusi, gangguan terhadap keseimbangan lingkungan, serta kesehatan manusia akibat pengendalian hama penyakit (tanaman dan hewan) secara kimiawi mulai dianggap nyata dan harus mulai mendapat perhatian lebih besar untuk dicarikan pemecahannya.ABSTRACT. Adiyoga, W., T. A. Soetiarso, and M. Ameriana. 2008. Component Interactions in Crop-livestock System in West Java Highland Ecosystem. This study was carried out in West Java highland areas (Lembang – Cibodas and Suntenjaya village, Pangalengan-Pulosari and Margamulya village, and Ciwidey – Lebakmuncang and Panundaan village) from June to October 2004. The objective of this study was to examine the component interactions of crop-livestock system in highland ecosystem. Respondents surveyed were those who grew vegetables and raised livestock simultaneously. Number of respondents selected were as follows: Lembang 40 respondents, Pangalengan 45 respondents, and Ciwidey 44 respondents. The results showed that crop livestock system (CLS) in West Java highland can be classified as diversified mixed farming systems, not integrated, consist of components such as crops and livestock that co-exist rather independently from each other (minimum interactions). In this case the mixing of vegetable crops and dairy-cows primarily serves to minimize risk and not to recycle resources. Nutrient flows tend to be linear, since the activity of resource-recycling is not significant. Minimum interactions between components were also reflected from zero contribution of labor from dairy-cow subsystem to the total labor requirement for vegetable cultivation; 0-25% contribution of manure from dairy-cow subsystem to the total organic fertilizer requirement for vegetable cultivation, and 0-10% contribution of crop wastes or by-products from vegetable farming to the total feed requirement for dairy-cows farming. Regarding resource utilization, there was high competition in labor-use, especially family labor, between vegetable and dairy-cows farming. Positive impacts of CLS perceived to be significant were the use of leys containing grasses and legumes to reduce erosion and use of manure to improve soil structure and fertility. Meanwhile, the negative impacts of CLS, such as pollution; environmental disruption and health hazards from disease and pest chemical control measures were beginning to be perceived as slightly significant and need more attention for finding the problem solution.

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