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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 252 Documents
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Keragaman Genetik Isolat Cendawan Pyricularia oryzae Menggunakan Primer Pot-2 (Rep-PCR) Tasliah Tasliah; Reflinur Reflinur; Masdiar Bustamam
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 4, No 2 (2008): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v4n2.2008.p70-76

Abstract

Rice blast (Pyriculariaoryzae) is one of the most important diseases of rice. It canbe very destructive in the field, when the environmentalconditions are favourable. Information on genetic diversity ofthis pathogen could assist plant breeders in determiningstrategy for a successful control of the disease. This studywas conducted to analyze genetic diversity in P. oryzaeisolates by a pair of Pot-2 primers using the rep-PCRtechnique. These primers were designed from a transposonelement of the entire blast fungus genomic DNA. DNAsamples were extracted from 212 isolates of P. oryzaecollected from two endemic areas of the disease inIndonesia, i.e., Tamanbogo, Lampung, and Sukabumi, WestJava, as well as from some non-endemic areas in NorthSumatra and West Sumatra). Results of the study indicatedthat the 212 isolates could clustered into 21 haplotypes. Themost dominant haplotypes as indicated by their highestfrequency of haplotypes were haplotype Pot 2-019 (54.46%)followed by haplotype Pot 2-021 (14.73%) and haplotipe Pot2-016 (6.25%). Regardless of origins of the P. oryzae isolates,we found 6 haplotypes from Tamanbogo (out of 117samples), 13 haplotypes from Sukabumi (out of 77 samples),and 11 haplotypes from North Sumatra and West Sumatra(out of 18 isolates). It seems that genetic diversity of the P.oryzae isolates was not affected by the total number ofsamples/isolates, but rather by place of the origin and ricegenotypes from which the isolates were collected.
Identifikasi Galur dan Gen-gen Terkait Toleran Kekeringan pada Padi Transgenik cv. T309 yang Mengandung Vektor Penanda Aktivasi Tri Joko Santoso; Aniversari Apriana; Atmitri Sisharmini; Kurniawan R. Trijatmiko
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 9, No 3 (2013): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v9n3.2013.p97-106

Abstract

Activation tagging is an efficient tool forfunctional analysis of the rice genes. We have developed anumber of transgenic rice lines (Oryza sativa L. ssp.japonica cv. Taipei 309) containing activation tagging vector.However, the phenotypes and genotypes of these lines, inrelation to the drought stress, have not been analyzed. Theobjectives of this research were to identify transgenic ricelines that showed tolerance to the drought stress and toidentify the genes that may be associated with the droughtstress. The drought stress tolerance in transgenic rice lineswas identified by testing their tolerance to the drought stressand also by detecting the presence of bar and nptII genes.The result showed that 56 out of 59 rice lines were resistantto Basta herbicide and three of them showed tolerance todrought stress, namely PA.T-1.2, PA.T-4.1, and PA.T-5.1 lines.PCR analysis showed that PA.T-1.2 and PA.T-4.1 containedboth hptII and bar genes, while the PA.T-5.1 line containedbar gene only. Thermal Asymetric Interlaced-PCR (TAILPCR)analysis showed that two genes may be asssociatedwith the drought stress tolerance. Those genes areOSJNBa0004120.14 that produces uridylate putative kinaseand OsPPCK2L that produces phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxylase kinase.
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Hasil Rekayasa Genetik: Status, Regulasi, dan Metode Deteksi di Indonesia Bahagiawati Bahagiawati; Sutrisno Sutrisno
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p40-48

Abstract

Application of Genetically Modified Crops: Status, Regulation,and Detection Method in Indonesia. Bahagiawatiand Sutrisno. Global area of transgenic crop was increasetremendously. The number of country accepting of plantingand/or marketing the transgenic crops and its derivativeproducts also become more numberous. However, due toexisting controversy on the benefit and risk, the applicationof transgenic crops was governed by regulations to protectthe consumer and environment from its unwanted effects.There are some international conventions that managingand controlling the uses of these crops, one of them wasCartagena protocol that Indonesia ratified in 2004. Indonesiaalso launched a regulation upon labelling package foodderived from transgenic crops in 1999. To implement eitherthe Cartagena protocol and labelling regulation, Indonesianeeds to increase its capacity to detect the present of thetransgenic crop product either in raw, and proceesed food.This review will discuss about the development of theapplication of transgenic crop and its product globally, andlist of transgenic crops that have been accepted andapproved as safe for human consumption and environment.The regulations upon the application of transgenic crop inIndonesia also be informed. Some metodologies to detectthe presence of the genetically modified food that aregenerally use in some countries also be discussed in thisreview.
Peningkatan Keragaman Genetik Tanaman melalui Keragaman Somaklonal Sri Hutami; Ika Mariska; Yati Supriati
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 2, No 2 (2006): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v2n2.2006.p81-88

Abstract

High genetic variability’s are important factors in the development of new crop varieties. In vitro techniques are applicable for development of crop variability that is not found in the gene pool. One of the in vitro techniques that can be used for this purpose is the somaclonal variation technique. Somaclonal variation may be derived from genetic variations in explants and genetic variations in tissue cultures. Variations in the explant may be obtained from cell mutations or polysomic mutations of a certain tissue. Genetic variations in tissue culture may be caused by ploidy of chromosomes (endomitosis fusion), changes of chromosom structures (crossings), as well as changes of genes and cytoplasms. Changes of genetic characters may be improved if anorganic compound was added into the medium. To improve the plant tolerances to biotic or abiotic factors, selection components may also be added to the medium. Research results showed that somaclonal variation in tissue culture can improve genetic variations in plants. The variation produced in tissue culture provide chances to develop new plant genotipes. Many selection components, such as Gamma-ray irradiation, Al contents and low pH, pure toxin or filtrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and plant growth regulators can be used to improve somaclonal variations in many plants to produce new genotipes.
Introduksi Konstruk Over-Ekspresi Kandidat Gen OsWRKY76 melalui Agrobacterium tumefaciens pada Tanaman Padi Nipponbare Aniversari Apriana; Atmitri Sisharmini; Wening Enggarini; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Nurul Khumaida; Kurniawan Rudi Trijatmiko
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v7n1.2011.p19-27

Abstract

Delivering of Over-Expression Construct OsWRKY76Candidate Gene in Rice cv. Nipponbare throughAgrobacterium tumefaciens. Aniversari Apriana, AtmitriSisharmini, Wening Enggarini, Sudarsono, Nurul.Khumaida, and Kurniawan R. Trijatmiko. Plant geneticimprovement can be done through classical breeding orgenetic engineering. WRKY is a transcription factor involvedin regulating plant defense responses. OsWRKY76 gene islocated in a narrow segment of chromosome 9 which isidentified previously to be related to wide spectrumresistance in rice. A sequence of OsWRKY76 (+1.200 bp)has available in the gene bank and it makes possible toisolate, clone, and construct the gene into over-expressionvector. The aim of this research was to assemble an overexpressionconstruct of OsWRKY76 candidate gene andintroduce it into rice through Agrobacterium-mediatedtransformation. A construct of pCAMBIA-1301::35S::OsWRKY76 has been successfully assembled andtransformed into embryogenic calli of rice cv. Nipponbareusing A. tumefaciens strain Agl-1 and EHA 105. A number of126 independent lines has been produced, in which Agl-1showed 3.8 times more efficient than EHA 105. PCR analysisof randomly selected 25 independent lines showed that allof them positively contained hptII gene, a selectable markerused in the over-expression construct of the OsWRKY76candidate gene. Based on the result, it could be concludedthat the over-expression construct of OsWRKY76 candidategene have been successfully introduced into the tissue ofNipponbare.
Optimasi Sistem Regenerasi dan Transformasi Padi Varietas Elit Indonesia Aniversari Apriana; Toto Hadiarto; Ahmad Dadang
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 9, No 1 (2013): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v9n1.2013.p1-10

Abstract

New ricevariety can be generated by means of transgenic approach.Transgenic rice researches have been conducted in manyinstitutions worldwide using Japonica, Indica, and Javanicavarieties. The most cultivated rice in Indonesia is Indica.Indica type is known to have low responsive tissues inculture and transformation media when compared toJaponica rice. This research activity is aimed to optimizeregeneration and transformation systems of the Indonesianelite rice varieties, so that good method can be achieved tobe used in the generation of transgenic elite rice varieties ofIndica type. The research consisted of two activities:regeneration and transformation optimizations in varieties ofDodokan (upland rice) and Inpari 6 (irrigated rice).Immature embryo was used as the explant in this research.The optimization studies used 2 types of media, NBH (N6salts and vitamins, cassamino acid 0.5 g/l, L-proline 0.5 g/l,sucrose 20 g/l, D-glucose 10 g/l, 2.4-D 2 mg/l, NAA 1 mg/l, BA1 mg/l, agarose Type I 5.5 g/l) and NBH-M (N6 macro salts,B5 micro salts, and vitamins, 0.3 g/l cassamino acid, 3 g/l Lproline,20 g/l sucrose, 3 mg/l 2.4-D, 1 mg/l NAA, 1 mg/l BAP,5.5 agarose Type I), 2 types of regeneration media, R1 (MSbase media and vitamis, 0.3 g/l glutamine, 30 g/l sucrose, 2mg/l kinetin, 1 mg/l NAA, 3 g/l phytagel) and R2 (MS basemedia and vitamins, 2 g/l cassamino acid, 20 g/l sucrose, 30mg/l sorbitol, 2.5 mg/l kinetin, 0.25 mg/l NAA, 3 g/l phytagel).Optimization transformation of Indonesian elite rice varietiesused developed an empty plasmid pCAMBIA 1301 containinghpt gene. The transformation was conducted using twotypes of co-cultivation media, K1 (N6 macro salts, B5 microsalts, and vitamins, 0.5 g/l cassamino acid, 0.5 g/l L-proline,20 g/l sucrose, 10 g/l glucose, 2 mg/l 2.4-D, 1 mg/l NAA, 1mg/l BAP, 0.1 mM acetosyringone) and K2 (N6 macro salts,B5 micro salts, and vitamins, 0.5 g/l cassamino acid, 0.5 g/l Lproline,20 g/l sucrose, 10 g/l glucose, 2 mg/l 2.4-D, 1 mg/lNAA, 1 mg/l BAP, 0.2 mM acetosyringone). The resultsshowed that Inpari 6 could form embryonic calli in NBHmedia and further regenerated well in R1 media (13.8%).The co-cultivation media K1 generated more selected calliwhich then generated green plant of young embryocompared to K2. Inpari 6 showed higher regeneration ratesafter transformation (3.6%) compared to Dodokan (0%).Molecular analysis showed that all 11 transformants (Inpari6) tested contained the hpt gene. These results are expectedto support the development of transgenic Indica ricegeneration in Indonesia.
Teknik Isolasi dan Kultur Protoplas Tanaman Padi Deden Sukmadjaja; Novianti Sunarlim; Endang G. Lestari; Ika Roostika; Tintin Suharlini
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 2 (2007): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n2.2007.p60-65

Abstract

Protoplastfusion or somatic hybridization technology is an alternativetechnology for production hybrids of plants that are difficultto be produced by conventional methods due to their sexualincompatibility. An experiment was conducted to developtechniques for isolation, purification, and culture of riceprotoplasts of cultivar IR64 and a wild rice species (Oryzaofficinalis). Optimization of protoplast isolation and purificationmethods from both rice genotypes were successfullydone. The highest protoplast density was obtained bydigesting embryonic callus or stems of young seedling in anenzyme solution containing of 2% cellulose, 0.1% pectolyase,0.5% macerozyme, 0.5% driselase, 5 mM ES, and 13% mannitolin CPW solution. The protoplast digestion was done forthree hours by soaking in the enzyme solution followed byshaking at 50 rpm under a room temperature. Purification ofthe protoplasts were done by separating them from plantdebris using a 25% sucrose solution. Protoplast regenerationwas not successful using although different media compositionsand conditions. Growth process from cell division tocell aggregate was only successful on IR64 protoplast cultureon a medium that contained AgNO3.
Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gama terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Regenerasi Kalus Padi Varietas Ciherang dan Inpari 13 Rossa Yunita; Nurul Khumaida; Didy Sopandie; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 10, No 3 (2014): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v10n3.2014.p101-108

Abstract

Effect of gamma irradiation on rice callus dependson the irradiation dose used. Irradiation dose is one of thefactors that affect the genetic changes in the cells of plants.High doses can result in tissue death, meanwhile low doseswill result in abnormal changes in plant phenotype. The levelof sensitivity of a plant tissue against gamma irradiation isdifferent. This study aimed to evaluate the growth andregeneration of callus in various irradiation doses of gammaray. The plant materials used were mature embryos of ricevar. Ciherang and Inpari 13. This study used a completelyrandomized design with gamma irradiation treatment atdoses of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 Gy. Eachtreatment consisted of 10 replicates with 5 embryogenic calliper bottle. The results showed that the increasing doses ofgamma irradiation increased the percentage of dead callus,inhibited callus growth, and its ability to regenerate. Thehigh percentages of callus of Ciherang and Inpari 13 thatformed green spots and adventitious shoots were mostlyobtained from controls. The percentages decreased atirradiation doses of 10, 20, 30, and 40 Gy. Moreover, the calliof Ciherang and Inpari 13 were not able to form adventitiousshoots at irradiation doses higher than 40 Gy and 30 Gy,respectively.
Pendekatan Bioteknologi dan Genomika untuk Perbaikan Genetik Tanaman Jarak Pagar sebagai Penghasil Bahan Bakar Nabati I Made Tasma
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 13, No 2 (2017): Desember
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v13n2.2017.p123-136

Abstract

Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak nabati yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti minyak diesel. Tanaman yang dapat tumbuh pada kondisi lahan kurang subur ini menarik minat banyak pihak untuk mengekplorasi potensinya sebagai tanaman sumber energi yang ramah lingkungan. Namun, masih banyak kendala yang dihadapi dalam pembudidayaannya supaya dapat diusahakan secara ekonomis. Dari aspek bahan tanaman dan budi daya, saat ini tanaman jarak pagar masih belum banyak diketahui. Bahkan, jarak pagar masih dianggap sebagai tanaman yang belum didomestikasikan secara penuh seperti ditunjukkan oleh fakta bahwa sebagian besar genotipe jarak pagar di dunia bijinya toksik sehingga ampas bijinya yang kaya protein tidak dapat langsung digunakan sebagai pakan ternak. Kematangan buah tanaman ini tidak serempak yang menyebabkan biaya panen tinggi. Rasio bunga betina dan bunga jantan yang rendah menyebabkan produktivitas bijinya rendah. Biji jarak pagar mengandung asam lemak poli tidak jenuh yang konsentrasinya perlu diturunkan untuk meningkatkan mutu minyak diesel. Pengetahuan genomika memungkinkan untuk mengetahui komposisi genom, komposisi dan fungsi gen, dan pemetaan genetik (gen/QTL) unggul jarak pagar. Pemahaman ini diperlukan agar genetika tanaman jarak pagar dapat dimanipulasi secara sistematis. Teknologi rekayasa genetika potensial diaplikasikan untuk perbaikan: arsitektur tanaman, karakter agronomis, kualitas biji, produktivitas, dan kualitas minyak. Tujuan tulisan ini ialah mengulas tentang pendekatan bioteknologi dan genomika untuk perbaikan genetik tanaman jarak pagar. Aplikasi bioteknologi memungkinkan untuk mempercepat program pemuliaan tanaman jarak pagar. Dengan bahan tanaman unggul, jarak pagar dapat dibudidayakan sehingga bermanfaat secara ekonomis dengan mutu minyak yang cocok sebagai bahan baku biodiesel.
Pemuliaan Kentang Produk Rekayasa Genetik Tahan terhadap Penyakit Busuk Daun (Phytophthora infestans) dan Aman Pangan di Indonesia A. Dinar Ambarwati; Tri J. Santoso; Edy Listanto; Toto Hadiarto; Eny I. Riyanti; Kusmana Kusmana; Bambang Sugiharto; Netty Ermawati; Sukardiman Sukardiman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 13, No 1 (2017): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v13n1.2017.p67-74

Abstract

Pemanfaatan tanaman kentang produk rekayasa genetik (PRG) dalam pemuliaan tanaman melalui persilangan dengan Atlantic dan Granola telah menghasilkan enam galur PRG hasil silangan yang terseleksi. Sebelum komersialisasi, kentang PRG harus dikaji keamanan pangan dan lingkungannya. Penulisan bertujuan memberikan informasi mengenai tanaman kentang PRG di Indonesia yang tahan terhadap penyakit busuk daun Phytophthora infestans dan telah dinyatakan aman untuk di-konsumsi oleh manusia. Analisis stabilitas menunjukkan bahwa gen RB stabil terintegrasi selama empat generasi klonal ber-urutan dalam genom tanaman kentang PRG dengan satu sisipan gen. Hasil studi komposisi dan nutrisi, glikoalkaloid total, dan anti nutrisi pada kentang PRG Katahdin SP951 dan galur-galur silangannya bersifat sepadan dengan Katahdin non-PRG. Studi toksisitas menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan suspensi umbi kentang dan suspensi tepung kentang Katahdin SP951 dan galur-galur silangan tidak berdampak terhadap mortalitas, bobot badan, dan tanda-tanda klinis pada mencit. Protein RB tidak memiliki homologi yang tinggi dengan protein toksin sehingga tidak bersifat toksik. Studi alergenisitas dengan Simulated Gastric Fluid dan Simulated Intestinal Fluid menunjukkan bahwa protein umbi kentang Katahdin SP951 dan galur-galur silangan terdegradasi kurang dari 5 menit inkubasi setelah perlakuan enzim pepsin atau tripsin. Protein RB tidak mempunyai sekuen asam amino yang homolog dengan protein alergen, sehingga tidak berpotensi menimbulkan alergi. Kentang Katahdin SP951 telah dinyatakan aman untuk dikonsumsi melalui Keputusan Kepala Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan tahun 2016. Tanaman kentang PRG tahan P. infestans yang dapat mengurangi 50% aplikasi fungisida, dan telah mendapat sertifikat aman pangan dan aman lingkungan diharapkan dapat menjadi pilihan untuk dimanfaatkan petani.

Page 16 of 26 | Total Record : 252

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