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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 23561297     EISSN : 25287222     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) published by Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from area of agricultural science on industrial and beverage crops.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 407 Documents
 34   35   36   37   38 
Pertumbuhan Benih Hasil Setek Sambung Beberapa Klon Unggul Teh Muthia Syafika Haq; Adhi Irianto Mastur
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n3.2018.p105-112

Abstract

Efforts to poduce superior tea varieties require a long time, therefore a more practical method is needed, through cleft grafting. Planting material to be used should have superior qualities such as high yield, drought tolerance, resistant to pest and disease, and good inner quality. The research aimed to investigate the growth of grafted seedlings of several superior tea clones. The experiment was conducted at IRITC Gambung Experimental Garden with an altituted 1,250–1,450 m asl, from March 2016 until June 2017. Randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications was used in this study. The 9 treatments were a combinations of scion and rootstock from several superior tea clones (GMB 3, GMB 7, GMB 9, TRI 2025, PS 1, and Gedeh 1) by grafting technique. Variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, number, and length of roots. The data were analyzed by anova and followed by duncan multiple range test (DMRT) at 5% level. The results showed that the grafting combinations of TRI 2025/GMB 3, TRI 2025/GMB 7, TRI 2025/GMB 9, PS 1/GMB 3, PS 1/GMB 7, and Gedeh 1/GMB 3 showed good compatibility and growth compared to PS 1/GMB 9, Gedeh 1/GMB 7, and Gedeh 1/GMB 9. Therefore, those six combinations can be used for tea propagation through grafting technique.
Seleksi Mikrob Filoplan dan Endofit sebagai Agens Hayati Penyakit Gugur Daun Karet (Corynespora cassiicola) Khaerati Khaerati; Yulius Ferry; Rusli Rusli
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n3.2018.p113-122

Abstract

Leaf fall disease in rubber caused by Corynespora cassiicola fungi significantly decreases rubber productivity. C. cassiicola causes leaves to fall all year round,  a delay in the tapping of immature rubber  plants, yield decrease of producing plants, and even death of susceptible clones.  The study aimed to obtain phylloplane and endophytic microbes potentially to inhibit the disease, was conducted from January to December 2016. The study used randomized complete design to assess antagonistic fungi and phylloplane and endophytic bacterias toward C. cassiicola in isolates obtained through exploration in West Java and West Kalimantan. Pathogen isolation showed Corynespora sp with pale brown color, single conidia which slightly bended, shaped like a stick that is swollen at the base, with 2–14 septa.  Inhibitory analysis found 42 fungi isolates and 19 bacteria isolates potentially inhibiting C. cassiicola. Six fungi isolates have an inhibitory ability of ≥90%, consisting of two phylloplane fungi isolates (DTJF11 and CPSR7) and four endophytic fungi (CEBPM15, CEBPM23, CEBPM27, and CEPR9) with lysis, mycoparasitism, competition, and antibiosis inhibitory mechanism. The identification showed fungi isolate of DTJF11 is classified as  Trichoderma asperellum, CPSR7 as Talaromyces pinophilus, and CEBPM15 as Amanita tenuifolia.  Potential bacterial isolates as biological agents are BP7, L3, BP3, BP4, BP5 and BP6 isolates, which have inhibitory power of 28.54%–40.94%, with antibiosis inhibition mechanism.
Evaluasi Keseragaman Klonal Enam Klon Kakao Unggul Berdasarkan Marka SSR Sulistiyorini, Indah; Rubiyo, Rubiyo; Sudarsono, Sudarsono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n3.2018.p135-144

Abstract

Propagation of cacao plants is generally carried out vegetatively. Therefore, plants that are clonally propagated should be genetically uniform. Genetic uniformity in cacao clones is also very important information for germplasm conservation and in obtaining pure parental crosses. Evaluation of genetic uniformity can be seen through analysis using SSR markers. This study aimed to determine the genetic uniformity in six cacao clones using SSR markers. This experiment was conducted at IIBCRI Integrated Laboratory in Sukabumi and Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, IPB Bogor, from September 2015 to December 2016.  Six cacao clones used (TSH 858, TSH 908, ICS 13, PA 300, GC 7 and UIT) are from Kalitelepak experimental station of  PTPN XII, Genteng District, Banyuwangi, East Java.  Ten samples were taken randomly to represent cacao clones. DNA amplification was carried out using 12 SSR markers. The result showed that 12 SSR markers generated 45 alleles with the number of alleles per locus was 3-4 alleles. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranges from 0.37–0.67, which are identied as very informative molecular analysis in identifying the genetical uniformity of the evaluated cacao population. Six SSR loci generated variant alleles within both the TSH 858 and UIT clones, indicating there are off-type plants in these two samples. Clonal uniformity were detected for samples of the GC 7, ICS 13, PA 300 and TSH 908 clones. On the other hand, 8.33% of evaluated samples within the TSH 858 and UIT clones were off-type plants.
Potensi Asap Cair sebagai Insektisida Nabati Penggerek Buah Kopi Hypothenemus hampei Gusti Indriati; Samsudin Samsudin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n3.2018.p123-134

Abstract

Coffee berry borer (CBB) is the main pest of coffee plants. This pest is difficult to control as it attacks coffee fruit on the tree, multiplies inside the fruit and stays till storage. The study aimed to determine the potential liquid smoke from plant waste to control CBB. The research was conducted at Plant Protection Laboratory (IIBCRI), from January to December 2016. The liquid smokes made from cacao pod husks, sawdust, coconut shells, and rice husks. Phytochemical content of liquid smokes was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using gas cromatografy mass spectrometry (GCMS). Toxicity analysis was carried out by residual and contact methods at concentrations of 1%; 1.5%; 2%; 2.5%; controls (aquades), and chlorpyrifos insecticide (2 ml/l) as comparison. Each treatment used 15 H. hampei imagos, repeated 3 times. Mortality parameters were observed at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after treatment (HAT). To investigate antifeedance, 10 coffee fruits were infested with 20 imagos  in plastic containers, repeated 3 times and parameters observed were the number of holes at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days after infestation. The results showed that the largest component in liquid smoke presumably functioned as insecticides are Benzenesulfonic acid 4-hydroxy and Acetic acid. All liquid smokes tested were toxic to CBB imagos. The highest CBB mortalities occurred after liquid smoke treatment from coconut shell at concentrations of 2.5% by 48.87%, attack rate was only 20%, decreased 70%. Liquid smoke from coconut shell is the most potential as botanical  insecticide to control CBB.
Strategi Pengembangan Bioindustri Kopi-Sapi Berbasis Korporasi Petani di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu Afrizon Afrizon; Andi Ishak
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n1.2019.p1-12

Abstract

Farmer-Owned Enterprise (FOE) of Bukit Kaba Mandiri in Rejang Lebong Regency is one of the economic institutions that is beneficial for farmers to increase the productivity and efficiency of coffee and cattle integrated farming suitable for its regional potentials. However, FOE is still in constraints due to its lack of organizational management capability in developing the coffee-cattle bioindustry hence the research aimed to build a strategy in developing the FOE in coffee and cattle bioindustry. The study was conducted at FOE of Bukit Kaba Mandiri in Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu,  from January to October 2018. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was carried out to collect data with 16 respondents and in-depth interviews with FOE administrators. Data collected included strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by FOE which were then analyzed using Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) method to formulate an FOE development strategy. The strategy was then compiled based on priorities with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results formulated three strategies, namely: (1) increasing production of quality feed to meet the needs of dairy cattle, (2) producing competitively priced compost from cow manure, and (3) establishing market partnerships with coffee exporters. Producing competitively priced compost from cow manure is the first priority that FOE needs to develop.
Efisiensi Teknis Usaha Tani Kopi Arabika Garut Kuning (AGK) Bedy Sudjarmoko; Enny Randriani
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n1.2019.p13-20

Abstract

Coffee is one of the strategic commodities in West Java for its important economic role in West Java. However, studies on coffee farming efficiency are still rarely found.  Information on efficiency is critical because it affects the benefits the coffee farmers gain and its development program. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting the technical efficiency and technical efficiency level of Arabica Garut Kuning (AGK) coffee farming in Garut Regency, carried out from June to September 2016 using survey methods. Research location was determined by purposive sampling and 72 respondents were randomly chosen from Arabica coffee farmer population in Garut Regency. The data was analysed using stochastic frontier production, estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) method. The results showed that the factors influencing the technical efficiency of coffee farming are land area, use of Urea fertilizer, ZA fertilizer, SP 36 fertilizer, herbicide and labor. The technical efficiency of farmers is quite high (average of 0.81). Means farmers have been technically efficient especially in allocating resources and utilizing existing cultivation technology. To further improve the technical efficiency as well as its revenue share of AGK, support from local governments and other stakeholders is still urgently needed.
Analisis Keragaman Genetik 21 Genotipe Teh [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] Berdasarkan Penanda RAPD Budi Martono; Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n2.2018.p77-86

Abstract

Knowing the genetic diversity in the tea germplasms collection is one of important conditions for assembling new superior varieties. Information of genetic diversity can be obtained through analysis using RAPD molecular markers. The study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of 21 tea genotypes based on RAPD markers. The research was conducted in Integrated Laboratory, Seameo Biotrop, Bogor, from July to September 2013. Genomic DNA was isolated from 21 tea genotypes leaf samples, then amplified with primer OPA 03, OPA 05, OPB 04, OPB 06, OPC 06, and OPD 08. Electrophoresis result was converted into binary data. The genetic similarity and cluster analysis calculation was done using NTSYS-pc version 2.10. In this research, 50 polymorphic bands (94,34%) and 3 monomorphic band (5,66%) were obtained. Cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmatic (UPGMA) divided 21 tea genotypes into two groups at a genetic similarity value of 0,48. Group 1 consisted of 20 tea genotypes, while the second group comprised only a one genotype (Sin 27). The range of genetic similarity matrix was between 28%–92%, the lowest genetic similarity (28%) was found between GMB 4 and Sin 27 genotypes, while the highest (92%) was found between AS 2 and AS 1 genotypes. The information obtained can be utilized in breeding programs with the support of agronomic characters as well as in the conservation of tea germplasm.
Pengaruh Pemangkasan dan Aplikasi Sitokinin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Teh (Camellia sinensis) Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari; Jajang Sauman Hamdani; Cucu Suherman; Tati Nurmala; Heri Syahrian
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 2 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n2.2019.p61-68

Abstract

Pemangkasan pada tanaman teh merupakan salah satu rekayasa ekofisiologi yang dilakukan untuk menginisiasi pertumbuhan tunas sebagai bakal pembentukan pucuk peko. Sitokinin, salah satunya benzil amino purin (BAP), merupakan zat pengatur tumbuh yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk memacu inisiasi tunas setelah pemangkasan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemangkasan dan penggunaan sitokinin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman teh. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Pusat Penelitian Teh dan Kina Gambung pada ketinggian 1250 m di atas permukaan laut (dpl), mulai bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2018. Penelitian menggunakan tanaman menghasilkan (TM) klon GMB 7 berumur 7 tahun. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 8 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan sehingga terdapat 32 unit percobaan, meliputi perlakuan pemangkasan bersih dan pemangkasan jambul/ajir, tinggi pemangkasan 40 cm dan 60 cm, serta konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh BAP. Peubah yang diamati adalah jumlah pucuk peko, jumlah pucuk burung, bobot segar dan kering pucuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi dari jenis dan tinggi pangkasan dengan pemberian BAP berpengaruh terhadap jumlah pucuk peko dan pucuk burung pada pemetikan ke-3, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot segar dan kering pucuk. Perlakuan pemangkasan secara bersih ataupun jambul/ajir pada tinggi pangkas 60 cm dan diikuti pemberian BAP 60 ppm, merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam menghasilkan jumlah pucuk peko  dan mengurangi jumlah pucuk burung.
Variabilitas Ketahanan Genotipe Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun (Hemileia vastatrix) Sabam Malau
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 2 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n2.2019.p69-78

Abstract

Penyakit karat daun kopi (Hemileia vastatrix) menyebabkan kerusakan besar pada kopi Arabika di Asia, Afrika, dan Amerika.  Di Indonesia, khususnya di provinsi Sumatera Utara, banyak ditemukan genotipe kopi Arabika yang belum diketahui tingkat ketahanannya.  Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan variabilitas ketahanan genotipe kopi Arabika terhadap penyakit karat daun dan hubungannya dengan morfologi daun. Sebanyak 84 genotipe yang terdapat di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dipilih dengan menggunakan desain bersarang, dan pelaksanaannya dilakukan pada bulan November 2015 dan 2016, serta Desember 2017. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan desain bersarang, korelasi, regresi bertahap, dan analisis hierarki kluster.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe G56  paling tahan terhadap penyakit karat daun, dengan tingkat keparahan  sebesar 5.21%.  Keparahan karat daun memiliki variasi genotipik yang tinggi, heritabilitas yang rendah, dan kemajuan genetik yang tinggi.  Rasio morfologi daun menunjukkan variasi genotipik dan heritabilitas sedang dan tinggi.  Keparahan karat daun (y) secara signifikan berkorelasi dengan rasio panjang daun dengan luas daun (x1) dan rasio panjang daun dengan lebar daun (x2) dengan persamaan y = 2.04 + 62.48x1– 3.95x2, dan koefisien korelasi ganda R = 0.470**.  Dengan menggunakan  keparahan karat daun dan dua rasio tersebut dalam analisis kluster, 84 genotipe tersebut dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam 5 kluster. Beberapa genotipe kopi Arabika yang memiliki tingkat resistensi tinggi terhadap penyakit karat daun berpeluang untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut.
Aktivitas Mikrob dalam Pulp Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Selama Fermentasi dengan Penambahan Ragi Tape Eko Heri Purwanto; Sigit Setyabudi; Supriyanto Supriyanto
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n1.2019.p21-32

Abstract

Microbial activities in cocoa pulp decomposition is key in cocoa beans fermentation. Ragi tape is widely used as a source of microbes (starters). The study aimed to investigate the pattern of changes in the number of microbes, substrate degradation activities and primary metabolites production during fermentation with the addition of ragi tape. The study was conducted at the laboratories within the Faculty of Agriculture Technology and Integrated Laboratory of Experiment and Research, UGM from March to October 2018 . Fermentation experiment used 2 kg of fresh cacao beans stored in a plastic box per batch, its temperature was set daily. The amount of microbes was enumerated using total plate count (TPC), whereas substrate degradation and primary metabolites were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). Temperature, pulp and seed pH, and fermentation index were observed. The results showed that adding ragi tape for fermentation generated a maximum amount of yeast, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acetic acid bacteria (AAB) of 9.03+0.85; 9.05+0.17; and 9.15+0.89 log cfu/g of cocoa pulp respectively, with substrate degradation in the form of sucrose reduced by 97%, glucose 98.6%, fructose 97%, and citric acid 71% on the third day. Maximum production of primary metabolites of ethanol is 27.84+21.85 mg/g of cocoa pulp, lactic acid 4.18+3.16 mg/g of cocoa pulp and acetic acid 3.38+5.43 mg/g of cocoa pulp. Fermentation with the addition of ragi tape accelerates the process to three days with a fermentation index value of 1.05+0.06 and seed pH of 5.97+0.20.

Page 36 of 41 | Total Record : 407

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