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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 23561297     EISSN : 25287222     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (JTIDP) published by Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from area of agricultural science on industrial and beverage crops.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 407 Documents
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Pengaruh Metabolit Sekunder Trichoderma spp. dan Fungisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit VSD pada Tanaman Kakao Rita Harni; Widi Amaria; Anis Herliyati Mahsunah; Irwan Lakani
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n3.2019.p109-118

Abstract

Vascular streak dieback (VSD) caused by Ceratobasidium theobromae is a major disease in cacao which results in yield losses up to 45%. Controlling VSD using secondary metabolites and botanical fungicide is expected to reduce disease attacks because secondary metabolites contain antibiotics, enzymes, and toxins that can control the disease and botanical fungicide that are antifungal. The research aimed to determine the effect of Trichoderma spp. secondary metabolites and botanical fungicide to control VSD in cacao. The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, IIBCRI, Sukabumi, Biotechnology Laboratory, BPPT, Serpong and farmer gardens in Rahmat Village, Palolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, from March to December 2017. The research used a randomized block design of 7 treatments with 3 replications; each replication consists of 10 plants. The treatments were: (1) Trichoderma virens LP1, (2) T. amazonicum LP3, (3) botanical fungicide, (4) T. virens LP1 + botanical fungicide, (5) T. amazonicum LP3 + botanical fungicide, (6) chemical fungicide (for comparison), (7) control (without application). Variables observed were the symptoms of the attack, severity and disease progression, and production. The results showed that Trichoderma spp. secondary metabolites suppress VSD disease severity and increase cacao production up to 33.97%–61.34%, either in a single form or in combination with botanical fungicide. T. virens LP1 secondary metabolite showed the highest suppression of VSD disease (54.18%), followed by the combination of T. virens LP1 + botanical fungicide (47.64%), better than chemical fungicide (30.89%). Thus, Trichoderma spp. secondary metabolites can be used as a VSD control technology.
Peningkatan Efisiensi Media Pembentukan Embrio Somatik Kakao Melalui Penggunaan Gula Pasir Nur Ajijah; Sri Hartati
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n1.2020.p29-38

Abstract

Availability of inexpensive and efficient tissue culture methods is needed in the development of mass propagation methods. The efficiency can be obtained through the use of low cost media components such as granulated sugar. The study aimed to determine the efficiency of cacao somatic embryo development medium using granulated sugar and its effect on somatic embryo formation. The study was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory for Superior Seed Development, IAARD, Bogor, from March to October 2016. Formation and maturation of somatic embryos was conducted using DKW medium without growth regulators. The treatments tested were carbon sources in the media (laboratory grade sucrose; a mixture of sucrose and granulated sugar with a ratio of 3:1, 2:2 and 1:3; granulated sugar) and cacao genotypes (Sca 6 and ICCRI 4). The study used in a randomized complete block design in factorial 2 favtors with 8 replications, which consisted of 10 explants per experimental unit. The results showed that carbon sources and genotypes significantly affected somatic embryos formation, whereas the interaction effect was not significant. The use of granulated sugar 30 g/l produced approximately 35.3% of somatic embryo formation and 3.5 somatic embryos per explant, which is not significantly different from sucrose 30 g/l (31.1% and 4.1), whereas the mixture of sucrose and granulated sugar produced the lowest average percentage of somatic embryo formation and the number of somatic embryos per explant (20.3%, 18.8%, 17.8% and 1.5; 2.2; 2.8 respectively). The low-cost somatic embryogenesis method was successfully developed with an efficiency of 98.8% per liter of media.
Keefektifan Bioinsektisida Berbasis Cendawan Entomopatogen Talaromyces pinophilus dan Minyak Nabati terhadap Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi Khaerati Khaerati; Gusti Indriati; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p93-108

Abstract

The coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is one of the main pests that cause yield losses in coffee plants. This pest directly attacks the coffee berries, both immature and ripe. The entomopathogenic fungi is one of the potential biological agents for CBB, environmentally friendly and does not kill non-target organisms. The study was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory, Industrial and Beverage Crop Research Institute, from June to October 2018. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of bioinsecticide based on entomopathogenic fungus of Talaromyces pinophilus (EFTP) and vegetable oil on CBB. The completely randomized design with 31 treatments and 3 replications was used in this study. The 31th of treatments consisted of 9 formulas of bioinsecticide based on EFTP and vegetable oil, control-positive (bioinsecticide based on EFTP and water), and control- negative (Klorpirifos insecticide). Variables observed were the activities of EFTP enzyme, effectiveness of vegetable oil as a carrier material, mortality of CBB beetles, percentage of CBB attacks, percentage of hollow berries, and number of holes per 10 coffee berries. Results showed that the formula of bioinsecticide based on EFTP produce the chitinase and protease enzymes which were potential as biological agents to control CBB in vitro. Soybean oil is the most effective as a carrier material in formulating EFTP. The formula of S69MK30 and S79MK20 in concentration of 7.50% respectively have the highest potential as biological agents to control CBB. Other potential formula is S69MKT30 in concentration of 7.50%.
Penampilan Fenotipik, Keragaman, dan Heritabilitas Sembilan Genotipe Teh [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono; Budi Martono
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p53-60

Abstract

The estimated value of genotype variability, phenotype variability, environmental variability, and heritability have an important role in breeding activities of tea in order to create the superior varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic performance, genotype and phenotype variation, and heritability value of nine genotypes of tea. The study was conducted at Pemandangan block, Tambi Plantation Unit,  Wonosobo, Central Java, from April 2013 until April 2014. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications was used in this study. The 9th of treatments consisted of 2 genotypes of tea resulting from a cross (GMB 3 and GMB 4), 2 introduced genotypes (TRI 2024 and TRI 2025), and 5 local genotypes resulting from selection (Cin 143, Kiara 8, RB 3, Tambi 1, and Tambi 2). The results showed that the genotype of GMB 3 more higher than other genotypes in pecco length, leaf length, leaf width, length of leaf stalk, and length of leaf internodes characters, whereas Tambi 2, GMB 3, and GMB 4 more higher in fresh weight of P+2 and P+3. The production of fresh shoot of GMB 4 more higher than the other genotypes, but not significant with GMB 3 and RB 3. The leaf length and fresh shoot production characters has a wide of genotype and phenotype variability, whereas the high of heritability value were found in all characters observed. The selection based on leaf length and fresh shoot production characters will be effective because both characters have a high genotypes variability and heritability.
Pengaruh Agroekosistem Pertanaman Kopi terhadap Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Semut (Formicidae) Susilawati, Susilawati; Indriati, Gusti
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n1.2020.p9-18

Abstract

Ant (Formicidae: Hymenoptera) is one of the dominant groups of insects and has significant biological and ecological properties. The presence of ants in coffee plantations plays an important role as it functions as a predator. The study aimed to investigate the effect of coffee plantation agroecosystem on the diversity and abundance of ant species. The study was conducted from February to June 2018 at Pakuwon Experimental Station. The coffee plants were divided into 4 groups, based on their locations and agroecosystems, where each group consisted of 4 observation plots. Ants sampling were taken from 15 sample plants in each plot.   Observation was conducted on ants found in the stems, leaves, twigs and fruits of coffee plants. The ants were taken for 5 to 10 minutes from each plant. The differences in coffee agroecosystem were  grouped based on location, altitude, coffee species, shade plant, and vegetation around the observation site. The study found 59 ant morphospecies with a total of 2,535 individuals. The dominant ant was Dolichoderus sp1. There were 4 ant species that were found in all four locations, namely Camponotus sp1., Crematogaster sp1., Dolichoderus sp1., Polyrhachis sp1. which are predatory. The analysis result showed that different coffee agroecosystem affects diversity and abundance of ants.
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Produksi Biji Kopi Sangrai dan Jasa Penyangraian: Studi Kasus pada Java Sumedang Coffee Thoriq, Ahmad; Sampurno, Rizky Mulya; Imaduddin, Luthfie Hafidz
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p109-118

Abstract

The development of specialty coffee roasted beans business and coffee roasting services is currently quite rapid, but often that the business is not based on the feasibility analysis. This study aims to analyze the feasibility level of the production of specialty coffee roasted beans and roasting service of coffee beans. This study was carried out beginning from November 2019 until February 2020 with case study method at Java Sumedang Coffee (JSC) in Genteng Village, Sukasari District, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province.  Primary data was collected based on test results and interviews directly with the business manager of JSC, while secondary data were obtained from published scientific articles. The results of this study show that with the use of a roasted machine for 5 hours per day or 1200 hours per year at an interest rate of 7% per year, the business of specialty roasted coffee beans production at JSC are feasible with an assumption of a minimum selling price of Rp.128,500/kg. The indicators of business feasibility are NPV (Net Present Value) Rp. 111,759,128.10; BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) of 1.02%; IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of 6.21%; capital returned in the 17th month. While, in the coffee bean roasting service business are feasible if the minimum roasting service cost is Rp. 14,000/kg, with feasibility indicators are NPV Rp. 112,286,86; BCR of 1.23; IRR of 6.25% per month; and PBP occurred in the 17th month.
Identifikasi Awal Perbedaan Karakter Morfofisiologi Antar Empat Kultivar Kopi Arabika Dani Dani; Dewi Nur Rokhmah; Dibyo Pranowo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 6, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v6n3.2019.p119-126

Abstract

Arabica coffee is a perennial crop hence it has a long selection cycle.  Therefore, efforts to shorten the selection process is necessary, such as at seedling stage.  This study aims to identify morpho-physiological characters variability among Arabica coffee cultivars at seedling stage. The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Garden of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from January to October 2017. Seeds collected from open pollinated trees of four arabica coffee cultivars (Ateng Super, P88, Gayo 1, and Gayo 2) were then sown on seedbed and newly-emerged cotyledonous seedlings were transferred immediately into polyethylene bag (polybag). Seedlings were arranged in randomized complete block with 5 replications, each consisted of 10 seedlings of each cultivar. Morpho-physiological characters observed and analyzed were shoot (plant height, lateral shoot formation, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, shoot’s dry weight); leaves (number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, L/W ratio, leaf area, stomata density , chlorophyll content); and root (root length, number of primary roots, root volume, root’s dry weight, root/shoot ratio). The result showed value of genetic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), and broad sense heritability (h2bs) of plant height characters are classified as high, each of which is 21.66%; 23.66%; and 0.84, respectively. The characters of the stem length and leaf width showed high h2bs value (0.97 and 0.67 respectively), while the KKG and KKF values were classified as moderate (19.60% and 19.88%, respectively and 10.71% and 13.10%, respectively). Those three characters could be utilized as distincitive markers of the four Arabica coffee cultivars.
Pengaruh Metode Pengolahan dan Suhu Penyangraian terhadap Karakter Fisiko-Kimia Kopi Robusta Nanda Supriana; Usman Ahmad; Samsudin Samsudin; Eko Heri Purwanto
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p61-72

Abstract

The processing of coffee can be classified into 3 types namely: dry, semi-wet and wet processing. And then, roasting is the process of forming the taste and aroma of coffee. The study was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Coffee and Cacao Processing Units, and Integrated Laboratory of Balittri, and TTPHP Laboratory of IPB Bogor, from July until October 2019. The study aimed to investigate (1) the effect of processing methods on physical quality characters of green beans, and (2) the effect of processing methods and roasting temperatures on chemical characters of coffee roasted and organoleptic characters of coffee brewed. The completely randomized design in factorial 2 factors and 3 replications was used in this study. The first factor were 3 type of processing methods (dry, semi-wet, and wet), and the second factor were 2 level of roasting temperatures (180oC and 210oC). The variables observed in the green beans were physical quality characters, while in roasted coffee were water content, caffeine content, and antioxidant activity, and in brewed coffee were organoleptic characters. Result showed that the best green beans was produced from a wet processing method with a minimum total defect value of 21.33 (quality 2). Roasting temperature has a very significant effect (p<0.01) on water content and antioxidant activity, while caffeine content is not significantly affected. Based on the results of cupping test, the best brewed coffee (final score >80.00) was obtained from the treatments of a dry, semi-wet and wet processing method with a roasting temperature of 210°C.
Karakterisasi Morfologi, Anatomi, dan Fisiologi Tujuh Klon Unggul Kopi Robusta Sakiroh Sakiroh; Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p73-82

Abstract

Morphological characterization of superior Robusta coffee plants has been widely studied, but for the anatomical and physiological character is still relatively limited. Result of this characterization is important as a basic information in order to create the new superior varieties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of seven clones of Robusta coffee (SA 203, BP 534, BP 42, BP 409, BP 939, BP 308 and BP 436). The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station and Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, West Java, from October to November 2019.  The Completely Randomized Design with 7 Robusta coffee clones as treatments and three replications was used in this study. The variable observed were morphological (leaf area), anatomical (stomata shape and density) and physiological characters (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll). The results showed that the leaf area of the first and third leaves of seven clones of Robusta coffee were relatively uniform. The stomata shape of Robusta coffee leaf is parasitic type (Rubiaceous) type. The SA 203 and BP 409 clones have the fewest stomata contents. The content of chlorophyll a, b, and total in the first and third leaves varies between clones. Chlorophyll content in the basal, middle, and apical leaf were relatively uniform, except clones SA 203 and BP 939 for the first leaf, and SA 203 and BP 436 for third leaf. The correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between leaf area and chlorophyll content.
Analisis Mutu Fisik dan Citarasa Kopi Indikasi Geografis Arabika Gayo Berdasarkan Ketinggian Tempat Pembina Purba; Anggoro Cahyo Sukartiko; Makhmudun Ainuri
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p83-92

Abstract

Kopi menjadi salah satu komoditas andalan dalam pasar ekspor internasional. Perannya menjadi penting bagi perekonomian dan mendorong pengembangan agroindustri dunia. Mutu fisik biji dan citarasa kopi merupakan komponen penting yang dipengaruhi oleh sifat genetik tanaman, praktek budidaya dan lingkungan tumbuh maupun interaksi antar keduanya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mutu fisik biji dan citarasa kopi Indikasi Geografis (IG) Arabika Gayo pada ketinggian tempat tumbuh yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan di dataran tinggi Gayo, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dan Bener Meriah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode stratified sampling pada ketinggian 1.000-1.500 mdpl (meter di atas permukaan laut) dan 1.500-1.750 mdpl, masing-masing termasuk ke dalam klasifikasi kesesuaian lahan S1 dan S2. Peubah yang diamati yaitu mutu fisik (bobot 100 biji dan nilai cacat) dan profil citarasa. Data dianalisis dengan independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata bobot 100 biji kopi Arabika antar ketinggian S1 dan S2, dan nilai cacat tidak berbeda antar ketinggian S1 dan S2. Hasil lainnya menunjukkan bahwa profil citarasa kopi IG Arabika Gayo untuk kedua Kabupaten dan ketinggian tempat tumbuh memiliki total skor yaitu 82,75 - 85,25 poin, dan termasuk ke dalam kategori kopi specialty (excellent). Secara umum, lokasi ketinggian S2 dataran tinggi Gayo menghasilkan mutu fisik bobot 100 biji kopi dan citarasa yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ketinggian S1.

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