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Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
ISSN : 1410394X     EISSN : 24608203     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31315
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Eksergi is an open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journal that focuses on research and innovation in the fields of energy and renewable energy. The journal aims to provide a platform for scientists, researchers, engineers, and practitioners to share knowledge and advancements that contribute to sustainable development and energy transition. In addition to energy topics, the journal also accepts high-quality manuscripts related to, but not limited to, the following areas: Separation processes Bioprocesses related to food, energy, and environmental applications Wastewater treatment and resource recovery Process optimization and intensification Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) Chemical reaction engineering and reactor design Life cycle assessment (LCA) and sustainability evaluation Process Design and Control Engineering Process Simulations Process System Engineering The journal welcomes original research articles, reviews, and short communications that demonstrate novelty, scientific rigor, and relevance to chemical engineering and interdisciplinary applications.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 301 Documents
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PENGOLAHAN AIR TERPRODUKSI DENGAN MEMBRAN BIOREAKTOR DI WILAYAH PENAMBANGAN WONOCOLO Wibiana Wulan Nandari; Ayu Utami; Ekha Yogafanny; M. Th Kristiati
Eksergi Vol 15, No 2 (2018): Vol. 15 No.2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v15i2.2384

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Masalah pengolahan air terproduksi di wilayah penambangan Wonocolo mulai menjadi perhatian sejak ditetapkannya Wonocolo sebagai Petroleum Geoheritage. Air terproduksi yang ikut terangkut ke permukaan pada saat pengambilan minyak bumi di sumur minyak Wonocolo memiliki tingkat kekeruhan 105 NTU, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 1714 mg/L, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 90 mg/L, dan nilai COD 77,9 mg/L. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media filtrasi pasir aktif dan karbon aktif sebelum air dimasukkan ke membran bioreaktor. Hasil pengolahan air terproduksi tanpa menggunakan media filtrasi menghasilkan air dengan tingkat kekeruhan 0,33 NTU, COD 35, TSS 8 mg/L dan efisiensi penurunan TDS 90,45 %, sedangkan dengan pasir aktif menghasilkan tingkat kekeruhan 0 NTU, COD 7,1 mg/L; TSS 6 mg/L, dengan efektivitas penurunan TDS 91,85%. Sementara pada media karbon aktif, tingkat kekeruhan 0,27 NTU; COD 10,5 mg/L; TSS 4 mg/L dengan efektivitas penurunan TDS 90,97%. Pengolahan menggunakan media filtrasi menghasilkan air yang memiliki kualitas lebih baik dari pada tanpa filtrasi. Media filtrasi pasir aktif lebih baik daripada karbon aktif. Media filtrasi juga dapat menurunkan beban membran dalam mengolah air.Kata Kunci: Air terproduksi; Membran bioreaktor; pasir aktif; karbon aktif ABSTRACT: The issues of produced water has become very much considered  since the stipulation of “Wonocolo” as Petroleum Geoheritage. Produced water transported to the surface during oil extraction at the Wonocolo oil well has a turbidity level of 105 NTU, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of 1714 mg / L, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) of 90 mg / L, and COD value of 77.9 mg / L. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of filtration media (active sand and activated carbon) before water was put into the bioreactor membrane. The results of water treatment without using filtration media produced water with turbidity levels of 0.33 NTU, COD 35 mg/L, TSS 8 mg L and efficiency of TDS reduction of 90.45% while using active sand produced water with turbidity levels of 0 NTU, COD 7.1 mg/L, TSS 6 mg L and efficiency of TDS reduction of 91.85%. For activated carbon, turbidity level was 0.27 NTU, COD 10.5 mg/L, TSS 4 mg L and efficiency of TDS reduction of 90.97%. From the results of the analysis, processing using filtration media produces water that has better quality and active sand filtration media better than activated carbon.Keywords: Produced water; Membrane bioreactor; active sand; activated carbon 
Aplikasi Tuning Metode Cohen-Coon pada Pengendali pH di Tangki Neutralisasi, Unit Pengolahan Limbah Profiyanti Hermien Suharti; Khalimatus Sa&#039;diyah
Eksergi Vol 16, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v16i2.2993

Abstract

Wastewater generated in industry should be treated, in order to meet the standards set by the Government. pH became important parameters in the process of wastewater treatment. One of waste in industrial synthetic fibers contain ions that make pH of wastewater ranged from 2 to 3. The value of the threshold for the pH of the wastewater, based on regulation of the Minister of environment, ranged from 6 to 9. The main process to achieve this standar was the neutralization process. In order to fulfilment the pH target, pH controller has been used to monitor the pH at neutralization tank. pH controller which is used is a type of PID (proportional, integral, derivative) controller. The PID parameter that used in the controller are proportional gain (Kc) 10, integral time (τi) 1 minutes and 10 second as derivative time (τD). This parameter yields an oscillation response. This research aims to get the optimum PID parameters that can be applied to keep wastewater pH around 7. The experiment results show that the parameters of the PID controller Kc = 0.251, τi = 151 second = 2.51 minutes and τD = 12.5 second, had better performance than the PID controller parameters used previously.
Pembuatan Penyedap Rasa Alami Berbahan Dasar Jamur untuk Aplikasi Makanan Sehat (Batagor) Yusi Prasetyaningsih; Myra Wardati Sari; Nunik Ekawandani
Eksergi Vol 15, No 2 (2018): Vol. 15 No.2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v15i2.2383

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Makanan yang beredar di pasaran mengandung beberapa bahan tambahan pangan seperti penyedap, pemanis dan pengawet. Sebagian besar dari bahan tambahan pangan tersebut menggunakan bahan buatan seperti penyedap sintesis (MSG). MSG dapat diganti dengan penyedap alami yang memiliki kemiripan rasa. Jamur dikenal sebagai salah satu bahan yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk membuat penyedap rasa alami. Jamur dibuat dalam bentuk serbuk menggunakan alat pengering tipe tray dryer dengan udara pemanas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh jenis jamur (jamur tiram dan jamur merang), laju alir udara pengering (0,0028 m3/s, 0,0056 m3/s, 0,0084 m3/s) dan suhu pengeringan (30oC, 40oC, 50oC) terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat, kadar protein, lemak dan karbohidrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air serbuk jamur untuk semua variasi memenuhi SNI yang ditetapkan yaitu maksimum 12%. Analisis proksimat terbaik ditunjukkan pada suhu pengeringan 40oC yang menghasilkan kadar protein sebesar 26,4%, kadar lemak 0,9%, kadar karbohidrat 64,3%, kadar abu 2% dan kadar serat sebesar 6,5%. Variasi laju alir tidak terlalu memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap uji analisis proksimat. Hasil organoleptik yang diujikan menggunakan serbuk jamur pada batagor menghasilkan penilaian jamur merang memiliki rasa gurih paling tinggi, sedangkan jamur tiram untuk aroma dan tekstur yang paling disukai.Kata Kunci: jamur, penyedap, tray dryer ABSTRACT: Healthy food is one of the important aspects of concern today. Most of these food additives use synthetic ingredients like Monosodium glutamate (MSG). Mushrooms are known as one of the ingredients that can be used to make natural flavorings.. Mushrooms are made in powder form using tray dryer. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of types of mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus and Volvariella volvacea), drying air flow rate (1 m/s, 2 m/s, 3 m/s) and drying temperature (30oC, 40oC, 50oC) to the water content, ash content, fiber content, protein, fat and carbohydrate content. The results showed that the moisture content of mushroom powder for all variations fulfilled the specified SNI that is maximum of 12%. The best proximate analysis was shown at a drying temperature of 40oC which resulted in protein content of 26.4%, fat content of 1.1%, carbohydrate content of 64.3 %, ash content of 2% and fiber content of 6.5%. The variation in flow rate does not significantly influence of proximate analysis. The organoleptic results tested using mushroom powder on batagor resulted in the highest tasteful of Pleurotus ostreatus, while Volvariella volvacea for the most preferred aroma and texture.Keywords: mushroom, flavoring, tray dryer
Pelindian Neodymium dari Magnetik Coal Fly Ash menggunakan Asam Asetat sebagai Pelarut haries handoyo; I Made Bendiyasa; Agus Prasetya
Eksergi Vol 16, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v16i2.3027

Abstract

Neodymium (Nd) has been known as a vital component in the modern industry such as for very strong permanent magnets (NdFeB magnet). Some countries are starting to look for alternative sources of Nd such as coal fly ash (CFA), which is the waste from coal combustion. This study aims to look at the potential for Nd extraction from CFA using acetic acid at atmospheric pressure. The effect of CH3COOH concentrations (0,1-1,0 N), and leaching temperature (26-60 oC) was investigated. The experiment was carried out under a constant agitation speed (400 rpm), S/L ratio (3,75 % (W/V)) and CFA particle size (-400 mesh). The highest leaching eficiencies (72%) were achieved for concentration of acetic acid 0,5 N at 60 oC. The leaching kinetics results showed that it best fits the shrinking core model: [t.kap=1-3(1-XB) 2/3 +2(1-XB)] ensuring the overall leaching process is controlled by difussion ash layer. The activation energy determined from the experimental study was of 15,38 kJ/mol.
Pembuatan Biodisel dari Ampas Kelapa dengan Metode Transesterifikasi In-Situ dan Katalis Kalsium Oksida Afriando Ryan Maulana; Tutik Muji Setyoningrum
Eksergi Vol 16, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v16i1.2526

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engine that attracts the world attention. Indonesia is one of the biggest coconut producers in the world. Coconut meat waste is known to still contain up to 24% wt of vegetable oil. The potential of this coconut waste can be used for producing biodiesel that has economical value. This research uses coconut waste as the main raw material. The biodiesel production process is carried out by in-situ transesterification method with methanol as the solvent and reactant; and calcium oxide powder as the catalyst. The catalyst is activated by stirring and heating in methanol. The oil percentage in the coconut waste obtained from soxhletation is 20 % wt. The ratio of methanol to coconut waste of 12.5:1 (v/w) and catalyst to coconut waste of 3.5 % wt results the biodiesel yield of 96.43 % mol. The biodiesel flash point at this variable is 116 °C. This value has met the Badan Standar Nasional (BSN) standard
Penerapan Lima Model Kesetimbangan Adsorpsi Isoterm pada Adsorpsi Ion Logam Chrom VI oleh Zeolit Syarifah Aini; Supratikno Supratikno
Eksergi Vol 15, No 2 (2018): Vol. 15 No.2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v15i2.2385

Abstract

Chrom VI metal ion include heavy metal waste which needs further processing using adsorbent. Zeolite is a suitable adsorbent for absorbing strong affinity chrom VI metal ions because zeolite is a natural mineral that has an active surface area per unit of mass and power. The purpose of this study was to determine a suitable model for the equilibrium adsorption of chrom VI metal ion by zeolite along with their parameter values, and to determine the optimal zeolite absorption against chrom VI metal ion. This study uses the method of applying the isotherm adsorption equilibrium model which includes 5 equations namely Linear Adsorption (Henry's Law), Freundlich Isotherm Adsorption, Langmuir Isoterm Adsorption, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Isotherm (BET), Sigmoidal Chapman Equation. From these five models, data fitting is done to find models that are closer to the data. Data matching is done by minimizing the Matlab program. The results showed that the suitable model is the BET Isotherm Adsorption model with parameter values, namely the BET isotherm adsorption constant value (CBET) of 0.5183 l/mg, the maximum capacity of the adsorbent at equilibrium theoretical (qs) is 149.9977 mg/g and the saturated adsorbate concentration in the monolayer (Cs) is 184.1691 mg l.
METODE KOAGULASI DAN ELEKTROKOAGULASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN HIDROGEN PEROKSIDA PADA PROSES PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR BUANGAN LAUNDRY Bambang Hari Prabowo; Hendriyana Hendriyana; Lulu Nurdini; Mutiara C. Firdaus; Tengku Leinaldy P.
Eksergi Vol 16, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v16i2.2812

Abstract

Problems with laundry waste, especially in the content of surfactants in detergents. Surfactants have properties as surface tension reducers. In the body of water can cause foam that can mediate itching. As domestic waste, this laundry waste is generally disposed directly to the environment without any treatment, which if left unchecked, of course, will be bad for the environment. The content in laundry wastes such as COD, BOD, TDS, pH, phosphate level and turbidity that do not comply with quality standards can cause polluted environments and can disrupt public health and the environment. In this study, two water treatment methods were applied, namely coagulation and electrocoagulation by adding 7 ml of 5% peroxide. This research was carried out in a batch process both electrocoagulation and coagulation. The parameters reviewed were COD, TSS, pH, phosphate level, PO4- and turbidity. Coagulation using alum coagulant (Aluminum sulfate). The variation of the two coagulation processes is, for coagulation, the stirring speed is 300 rpm for 10 minutes and the coagulant dose (500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm, 800 ppm and 900 ppm). In electrocoagulation contact times were varied (15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes). The best results obtained were wastewater treatment using the Electrocoagulation method with a COD reduction of 76%, BOD 83%, turbidity 98% and phosphate 99.9%.
Tinjauan Potensi Pemanfaatan Botol Bekas Berbahan Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) di Indonesia Gema Fitriyano; Dicka Ar Rahim
Eksergi Vol 16, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v16i1.2747

Abstract

The use of bottles made from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) has been increasing along with the development of ready-to-drink products. This type of packaging is very popular with the beverage industry because it is easily formed, strong, transparent, hygienic and economical. The increase in the use of PET bottles has an impact on the amount of waste that also increases so that it can become an environmental problem if it is not handled properly. The waste is still untapped in Indonesia, its utilization has only reached the stage of producing PET chopped which are then exported to countries that have beverage bottle recycling industries. This study aims to review the handling of used bottle waste, processing methods, shortcomings and advantages of products where this review is based on industry data and scientific articles. The consumption of beverages in PET bottle packaging which is increasing every year is a very promising potential for the development of research and the construction of industries related to processing used PET bottles in Indonesia
Pembuatan Karbon Aktif dari Hasil Pirolisis Ban Bekas Tutik Muji Setyoningrum; Agus Setiawan; Ganang Pamungkas
Eksergi Vol 15, No 2 (2018): Vol. 15 No.2 (2018)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v15i2.2387

Abstract

Currently, alternative renewable energy is needed, one of which is RCO (Rubber Compound Oil) oil which is made from waste tires. The making of RCO oil causes problems in the form of carbon waste which, if discharged, will cause environmental impacts. Efforts are needed to deal with kabon waste resulting from used tire pyrolysis, one of which is the creation of activated carbon to increase the economic value of waste. So the purpose of this study is to study the operating conditions in the manufacture of activated carbon from waste produced by used tire pyrolysis. Activated carbon is one of the absorbents that can be used in material purification. This study makes activated carbon using a chemical activation method. KOH was chosen as activating agent and the activation temperature variable was used with temperature variations of 700, 800, and 900 °C with activation times for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. In this study, the best activated carbon was obtained with 900 °C operating conditions for 60 minutes which produced an active carbon surface area of 230 m 2 /g.
Karakteristik Hidroksiapatit Porous dari Prekursor Cangkang Keong Sawah dan Bahan Porogen Pati Sukun Endang Sulistyawati; Robertinus Filustra Siregar Siregar
Eksergi Vol 16, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v16i2.3082

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO)4(OH)2] is a biomaterial used in bone implants to repair damaged tissue bones. Hydroxyapatite has biocompatible and osteoconductive properties. Hydroxyapatite synthesis is carried out by reacting Ca and P with a mole ratio of 1,67. One source of calcium precursors is conch shell with a CaCO3 content of 48,02%. The addition of porogen breadfruit starch serves to form pores so that it can accelerate the process of nutrient infiltration in bone. The study began with the calcination of conch shells at 900oC for 4 hours, to obtain calcium oxide (CaO) compounds. Calcium and phosphate reactions were carried out at 60oC and the stirring time was 3 hours. The hydroxyapatite produced was sintered at 900oC for 4 hours and analyzed using FTIR, AAS, UV-VIS, SEM, XRD, and compressive strength. The analysis solid and porous hydroxyapatite showed a comparison of calcium and phosphorus respectively 1.677 and 1.673, so that hydroxyapatite was close to the hydroxyapatite standard. Hydroxyapatite dense has a particle size of 0.396 μm, while porous hydroxyapatite has a particle size of 0.9135 μm and a pore of 0.655 μm. Hydroxyapatite dense and porous compressive strength are 19.61 MPa and 9,807 MPa respectively, so porous hydroxyapatite is more effective in nutrient infiltration to repair bone damage.

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