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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 23017406     EISSN : 26151138     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas merupakan Jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,294 Documents
 103   104   105   106   107 
Hubungan Ekspresi Protein 16 (p16) dengan Derajat Histopatologik dan Invasi Perineural pada Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Kepala dan Leher Zulda Musyarifah; Salmiah Agus; Yenita Yenita; Hardisman Hardisman
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 9, No 3 (2020): Online September 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v9i3.1281

Abstract

Protein 16 (p16) merupakan salah satu protein supresor tumor yang memiliki peran dalam patogenesis Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa (KSS) kepala dan leher. Peran protein ini berbeda sesuai dengan faktor risiko paparan karsinogen dan memiliki implikasi terhadap faktor prognostik patologik. Tujuan: Menentukan hubungan protein 16 dengan derajat histopatologik dan Invasi Perineural (IPN) pada KSS kepala dan leher. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan cross-sectional study dengan sampel sebanyak 60 kasus KSS kepala dan leher yang telah didiagnosis di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomik RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode Januari 2016 sampai Desember 2018. Sampel diperoleh secara simple random sampling dari blok parafin yang berasal dari jaringan tumor. Dilakukan penilaian ulang pada slaid histopatologik untuk menilai derajat histopatologik dan invasi perineural. Ekspresi p16 pada sel tumor dilihat dengan pulasan imunohistokimia. Korelasi dilakukan analisis statistik bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil: Ekspresi p16 positif didapatkan pada 24 kasus (40%) dengan kasus terbanyak pada KSS kepala dan leher derajat tinggi, sedangkan pada 36 kasus (60%) tidak terdapat ekspresi p16. Ekspresi p16 positif memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan derajat histopatologik (p = 0,002) namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara ekspresi p16 dengan IPN (p = 1,000). Simpulan: Ekspresi p16 positif berhubungan dengan derajat histopatologik tumor yang lebih tinggi namun p16 tidak tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian invasi perineural pada KSS kepala dan leher.Kata kunci: derajat histopatologik, ekspresi p16, invasi perineural, KSS kepala dan leher
Kemampuan Predasi Ikan Kepala Timah Aplocheilus panchax Jantan dan Betina Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Jonathan Loody Lukas; Hebert Adrianto; Arief Gunawan Darmanto
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 9, No 4 (2020): Online December 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v9i4.1564

Abstract

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia sampai sekarang. Pemanfaatan ikan kepala timah (Aplocheilus panchax / A. panchax) sebagai pengendali vektor secara biologis bertujuan untuk memutus rantai penularan. Tujuan: Menentukan kemampuan predasi dan keefektifan ikan A. panchax jantan dan betina terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode post-test only design. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah larva yang dipredasi setiap lima menit hingga 20 larva habis termakan kemudian dianalisis dengan independent sample t-test untuk mengetahui rerata kemampuan predasi kedua kelompok ikan. Hasil: (1) ikan betina  memakan rerata 9.20 larva per lima menit sedangkan ikan jantan 7.40 larva per lima menit. (2) ikan betina paling cepat menghabiskan 20 larva nyamuk dalam waktu 6 menit 44 detik sedangkan ikan jantan 9 menit 8 detik. Simpulan: Ikan A. panchax betina lebih efektif dari yang jantan sehingga berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendalian vektor DBD.Kata kunci: aplocheilus panchax, aedes aegypti, DBD, pengendalian vektor
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan ODHA dalam Mengkonsumsi Antiretroviral di Poliklinik VCT RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang Tahun 2017 Hamidatul Yuni; Rosfita Rasyid; Dien Gusta Anggraini Nursal
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 9, No 3 (2020): Online September 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v9i3.1313

Abstract

Pasien diindikasikan tidak patuh menggunakan antiretroviral sebanyak 38,5% di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Tujuan: Menentukan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pasien dalam mengkonsumsi antiretroviral di Poliklinik Voluntary counselling and test  RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mix-method dengan pendekatan kuantitatif cross-sectional, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan indepth interview. Hasil: Ada lebih dari separoh Orang Dengan HIV AIDS (ODHA) patuh dalam mengkonsumsi antiretroviral. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara psikologis pasien dengan kepatuhan ODHA. Dukungan sosial dan efek samping obat ARV tidak berhubungan dengan kepatuhan ODHA. Kejenuhan, hubungan pasien dengan dokter, stigma, layanan konseling pra penggunaan ARV, belum semua ODHA mengenal fasilitas fast track, serta faktor ekonomi menjadi faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan ODHA mengkonsumsi ARV. Simpulan: Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara psikologis pasien dengan kepatuhan ODHA.Kata kunci: antiretroviral, dukungan sosial, efek samping obat, kepatuhan, psikologis pasien
Uji Daya Hambat Isolat Actinomycetes sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Pertumbuhan Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 secara In Vitro Saskia Arientika Wahyuningrum; Meiskha Bahar; Andri Pramesyanti Pramono
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 1 (2021): Online March 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i1.1595

Abstract

Pneumonia is a lung parenchymal infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.It is Gram negative bacteria that have developed antibiotic resistance. Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that produce secondary metabolites which have the ability as antimicrobial. Objectives: To identified the ability of Actinomycetes isolates to inhibit the growth of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The samples in this experiment were from Kebun Raya Bogor that had been rejuvenated on Starch Casein Agar (SCA). Methods: Six dilution series 10-1; 10-2; 10-3; 10-4; 10-5; 10-6 Actinomycetes isolates were used to observe the inhibition zone of P.aeruginosa growth on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media by diffusion method. Results: The effective incubation time occurred at 24 hours, and then it resulted in the average clear zone diameter of 14.70 mm, 10.57 mm, 8.53 mm, 8.47 mm, 6.97 mm, and 5.30 mm. The results of the One – Way Anova test with p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.005) showed some differences at each concentration to inhibit the growth of P.aeruginosa ATCC 27853 at 24 hours incubation period. Conclusion: The most effective concentration of Actinomycetes isolates that can potentially be antibacterial was the concentration of 10-1 with potential solid inhibitory power.Keywords: Actinomycetes, antibacterial, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Junctional Bradikardia pada Pasien Hiperkalemia Cokorda Istri Padmi Suwari; Bayu Puradipa; Ni Luh Eka Sriayu Wulandari
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i2.1772

Abstract

Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte abnormality resulting in cardiac arrhythmia. Hyperkalemia may also cause bradycardia with junctional rhythm. However, the prevalence of hyperkalemia accompanying symptomatic bradycardia has only been explored in a few case reports. Thus we present a case of hyperkalemia with uncommon ECG findings. It has been reported that a 76 years old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperkalemia and suspected coronary artery disease complaining about palpitation. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed junctional bradycardia with tall T wave and laboratory examination showed mild hyperkalemia (5.8 mmol/L). After one day of observation, severe hypotension was detected. Unexpectedly the cardiac rhythm was returned into the sinus after correction of hyperkalemia using calcium gluconate, insulin, dextrose, and salbutamol. As serum potassium level rises, sinoatrial and atrioventricular conduction was blocked, causing escape rhythm (junctional escape rhythm). In hyperkalemia, cardiotoxicity can be caused by an increase in resting membrane potential, decreased depolarization and duration of depolarization. When detected on ECG, hyperkalemia should be treated urgently and important to identify underlying causes or precipitating factors of hyperkalemia. Sinus node dysfunction is not excluded in this case.  Hyperkalemia can present a bradycardia junctional rhythm. Although the increasing serum potassium levels were low, hyperkalemia may have affected the conduction system leading to the ECG changes.Keywords:  hyperkalemia, junctional bradycardia, symptomatic bradycardia
Delayed Speech Dengan dan Tanpa Gangguan Pendengaran pada Anak Usia 6 Bulan sampai 3 Tahun di Jala Puspa RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya Periode 2017-2020 Anthony Stephen Halim; Edward Limantara; Wienta Diarsvitri
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i2.1710

Abstract

Late or untreated delayed speech can be a risk for social, emotional, behavioral and cognitive problems in adulthood. Delayed speech is associated with hearing loss, mental retardation, autism spectrum disorder (OSD), bilingualism, and lack of psychosocial stimuli. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of delayed speech with and without hearing loss in children aged six months until three years. Methods: This study used 872 medical records of delayed speech children aged six months until three years with and without hearing loss in 2017 until 2020 period at Jala Puspa RSPAL Dr. Ramelan, Surabaya. The presence or absence of hearing loss was examined using Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA), and the degree of hearing loss was examined using Auditory Steady-State Response (ASSR) test. Results: From a total of 872 medical records data studied, 558 (64.0%) were males and 314 (36.0%) were females. The majority (44.8%) of delayed speech children were from the two-year age group. There were 565 (64.8%) delayed speech children with hearing loss and 307 (35.2%) without hearing loss. Of those with hearing loss, 48.0% showed a profound degree. There was an increase in delayed speech children without hearing loss compared to those with hearing loss, from 1:2.04 in 2017 to 1:1.12 in 2020. Conclusion: There was an increase in delayed speech children without hearing loss compared to those with hearing loss.Keywords:  ASSR, BERA, delayed speech, hearing loss
Gambaran Castelli’s Risk Index-1 pada Pasien Sindrom Koroner Akut di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Eka Musmita Sabebegen; Rismawati Yaswir; Efrida Efrida
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i2.1719

Abstract

Atherogenic dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Castelli's risk index-1 (CRI-1) is one of which risk markers for ACS. Castelli's risk index-1 is the ratio of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. The test is cheap and easy to do in the hospital setting. Objectives: To described CRI-1 in ACS patients in Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in the central laboratory and the CardioVascular Care Unit (CVCU) of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from September 2017 to September 2018. The population was all ACS patients who have been diagnosed by the clinician. The samples were part of the population that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Colorimetric enzymatic method using automated clinical chemistry used to measure total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Results: This study used CRI-1> 4. Data were presented descriptively in a frequency distribution table. Seventy ACS patients were consisting of 50 (71.43%) males and 20 (28.57%) females, with a median age of 60.1 (8.93) years old. The median total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels were 178.66 (46.84) mg / dL respectively and 35.71 (10.86) mg / dL. CRI-1 mean is 5.43 (2.27). 81.43% CRI-1 subject results were more than four. Conclusion: The low levels of HDL cholesterol and within normal median total cholesterol level made CRI-1 value increased.Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, Castelli’s risk index-1
Efek Suplementasi Selenium terhadap Marker Darah Pasca Cedera Kontusio Mariel Daba; Hanna Goenawan; Vita Murniati Tarawan; Aziis Mardanarian Rosdianto; Ronny Lesmana
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i2.1787

Abstract

Selenium is a trace element that has antioxidant properties and is a component of selenoproteins. In certain circumstances, such as injury, selenium supplementation is required to regulate the inflammatory response. Contusion injury increases the inflammatory response to a muscle or tissue that begins with vasodilation, increases blood flow, increases vascular permeability, and leads to edema formation at the site of injury. Objectives: To determine the effect of selenium supplementation on changes in blood markers in rats treated with contusion injury. Methods: Experimental design, using experimental male rats (Rattus norwegius), eight weeks old, weighing 200-220 grams, divided into three groups, namely: The Control group, the contusion group, the contusion + Selenium group. Selenium supplementation was given orally on days 1-3 after injury at a dose of 0.0153 mg into 2% PGA. Examination of markers such as White Blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils was carried out on day three after treatment. Results: This study found that the administration of post-muscular selenium supplementation based on examination of blood markers such as WBC, Lymphocytes, Monocytes was higher in the contusion group and lower in the selenium group. Neutrophils were higher in the contusion and selenium groups. This was not significantly different from the control group. The result of blood marker examination tended to change, but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Selenium supplementation in post-contusive injury mice did not provide significant changes in blood markers such as WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils.Keywords:  antioxidant, blood marker, contusion, selenium
Gambaran Pemeriksaan Kadar SGOT, SGPT, Ureum dan Kreatinin Pasien Covid-19 dengan dan tanpa Komorbid Rachmi Fadillah; Ellyza Nasrul; Tuty Prihandani
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i2.1722

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causes damage through mechanisms: cytotoxic to the bile duct, liver and renal tubular epithelial cells; severe inflammatory response due to excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm); tissue anoxia; and drug-induced liver and kidney damage. AST and ALT enzymes are used to determine liver damage, while kidney damage is examined from increased urea and creatinine levels. Objectives: To know AST, ALT, urea and creatinine levels in COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidity in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted by taking chemical data for COVID-19 patients with and without comorbidity for March-August 2020. AST and ALT levels were examined by using an automatic chemistry analyzer with NADH method (without P-5'-P), urea with enzymatic colorimetry, and creatinine with Jaffe's modification. The data was presented in table and average (standard deviation). Results:  A study of 76 patients found 28 with comorbidity and 48 without comorbidity. Patients with comorbidity AST in average was 33.0 (20.3) U/l; SGPT 29.0 (23.4) U/l; urea 58.3 (66.9) mg/dl; and creatinine 3.0 (5.1) mg/dl. Patients without comorbidity AST in average 31.9 (28.7) mg/dl; SGPT 28.8 (21.4) mg/dl; urea 24.6 (20.1) mg/dl; creatinine 0.9 (0.4) mg/dl. In average, AST and ALT in patients with and without comorbidity were in the normal range. Urea and creatinine in patients with comorbidity were higher than normal. Conclusion: Covid-19 patients with comorbidity at admission had urea and creatinine levels in average higher than normal values.Keywords: aminotransaminase, COVID-19, creatinine
Gambaran Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Terapi Farmakologi Pasien ISPA Pediatrik di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Yogyakarta Nadia Husna; Siwi Padmasari
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Online July 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v10i2.1790

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infection has become the major cause of death in children in developing countries. There were about 11.9 million episodes of severe acute lower respiratory infection that resulted in hospital admission in young children worldwide. The method of drug administered was the common Drug-Related Problems found in young children. Objectives: To evaluated Drug-Related Problems of Acute Respiratory Infection drug therapy in pediatric patients. Methods: Ninety-four pediatric patients were included in this study. Drug therapy data were obtained from medical records from January 2018 until July 2019, as this study was using a retrospective method. Drug-Related Problems of drug therapy were analyzed based on the Cipolle classification system. Results: Prevalence of female and male patients are in the same number (50%) with the highest prevalence on 2-11 years (72.34%) in young children. The number of Drug-Related Problems was found about 61.49% from 148 numbers of used drugs with improper drug selection as the major Drug Related Problems (51,65%)  followed by drugs without indication and underdose by 23.08% and 15.38%, respectively.Keywords:  acute respiratory infection, hospital, pediatrics, pharmacologic therapy

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