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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 1,043 Documents
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Evaluating logistic regression and decision tree for landslide susceptibility mapping: A comparison with heuristic methods in Indonesia Rama, Khairut Tamam Dwi; Hendrayanto, Hendrayanto; Jaya, I Nengah Surati
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10307

Abstract

Landslides are one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters in Indonesia, yet national susceptibility assessments still rely heavily on heuristic frameworks based on expert judgments. This study evaluated the performance and interpretability of two Machine Learning (ML) models, Logistic Regression (LR) and Decision Tree (DT), compared with the heuristic baseline for landslide susceptibility mapping in the Ciujung sub-watershed, West Java-Banten. The models were developed using the NASA Global Landslide Catalog and 13 conditioning factors at 30 m spatial resolution. The LR model passed the multicollinearity test and identified annual rainfall, soil texture, and land use as dominant factors, while DT identified the same factors as the main controller, but emphasized the role of local threshold and interactions between factors. Slope does not appear as a dominant factor due to the mudslide character that not only occurs on steep slopes, but also spreads to flatter areas as deposition zones, thereby reducing the discriminating power of slope in pixel-based modeling. The models of LR and DT performed quite well (AUC>0.9) and generated spatially limited susceptibility zones. In contrast to the heuristic baseline, which sometimes overestimates the hazard areas. The findings indicated that LR and DT frameworks are able to improve the methodological transparency, spatial accuracy, and policy relevance, offering a viable approach for evidence-based catastrophe governance.
Biochar of coal reject waste from coal mines, and its combination with chicken manure as an ameliorant material to increase rice paddy productivity Sulistiono, Muhammad Ramadhan Fauzi; Hartono, Arief; Pulunggono, Heru Bagus
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10429

Abstract

Increasing coal production each year has led to more coal rejects, which become mining waste and are generally unused, potentially causing long-term environmental problems. Research on its use as a soil conditioner is still limited, and no studies have specifically developed pyrolysis coal rejects into biochar combined with chicken manure to increase rice productivity. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of applying coal reject biochar and chicken manure on rice growth and production, as well as on soil chemical properties in Karawang Regency. This study compared coal reject and chicken manure (RCCM) with coal reject biochar and chicken manure (RCBCM) at doses of 0 (control), 5, 10, 20, and 40 t ha-1 using a split-plot design. The results showed an increase in pH and organic C with increasing dose. The RCBCM plot had a higher organic C value than the RCCM. In addition, RCBCM produced 3.97 kg of harvested dry paddy per plot, respectively, which was higher than RCCM 3.51 kg. On a hectare scale, RCBCM produced 6.35 t ha?¹ of harvested dry paddy, while RCCM produced 5.617 t ha?¹, respectively. The 20 t ha?¹ dose produced 3.78 kg of harvested dry paddy per plot or 6.06 t ha?¹. This was not significantly different from that of a 40 t ha?¹ dose, which produced 4.96 kg per plot or 7.93 t ha?¹. Therefore, the 20 t ha-1 dose was recommended as the optimal dose.
Effectiveness of modified biochar–humic acid–microbe–based granular organic fertilizer on mung bean in calcareous soil Matheus, Rupa; Kantur, Donatus; Pallo, Marchy; Risbarkah, Euis Bayu
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10231

Abstract

Calcareous soil is one of the dominant and potentially productive soil types found on Timor Island; however, it faces a major constraint in agricultural production due to relatively low nutrient availability, particularly phosphorus. This condition reduces the efficiency of chemical fertilizer application. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of organic granular fertilizer based on modified biochar, humic acid, and functional microbes on the uptake of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), as well as on the growth and yield of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) cultivated in calcareous soils. An explanatory pot experiment was conducted in the Screen House of the State Agricultural Polytechnic of Kupang, employing a completely randomized design with several types of organic granular fertilizer (F1-F4) and a control (P0), each replicated three times. Compared with the control, the F4 treatment consistently produced the most favorable responses, including greater plant growth and higher nutrient uptake. Furthermore, the application of the F4 fertilizer formula simultaneously improved soil chemical properties, encompassing organic C content, soil N, available P, exchangeable K, and cation exchange capacity, indicating that the F4 formula has potential as an alternative for enhancing the productivity of calcareous soils.
Long-term effects of fire and logging on groundwater table and soil moisture in Acacia plantation peatlands Qalbi, Andria Harfani; Tarigan, Suria Darma; Barus, Baba; Sudadi, Untung
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10359

Abstract

Soil moisture and the groundwater tables are important for the sustainable management and maintenance of tropical peatland ecosystems. This study examined the long-term impacts of fires and logging on groundwater tables and soil moisture in peatlands used for Acacia plantations. Four land conditions were compared: natural forest (FRS), unharvested Acacia plantations (UHV), post-harvest areas in 2016 (HV), and post-fire areas in 2015 (BAR). Observations were made during the rainy and dry seasons to determine how peat responded to rainfall. The soil conditions observed included groundwater levels measured by the gravimetric method and dipwells, and other soil properties such as bulk density, soil porosity, and water-filled pore space. The results showed that natural forest and unharvested Acacia sites experienced increased soil moisture content during the wet season and a shallower groundwater table than the burned area, which consistently recorded the lowest values. All sites experienced a dramatic decline in both groundwater table and soil moisture during the dry season. This decline was most severe in post-fire peatlands, where the groundwater table fell by more than 80 cm and soil moisture declined from 389% to 230% in some locations. Statistical tests confirmed that both burning and logging had a significant effect on the physical characteristics of peat and groundwater table (? = 0.05). This study shows that, after many years, burned and harvested peatlands continue to experience hydrological degradation and are unable to maintain stable groundwater tables and soil moisture.
Soil characterization for seismic vulnerability and preliminary subsidence assessment based on microtremor analysis in Sukarame District, Bandar Lampung Antosia, Risky Martin; Endryanti, Windy Meylana; Farduwin, Alhada; Rizki, Reza; Styawan, Yudha
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10439

Abstract

This research estimated soil properties and land stability in Sukarame District, Bandar Lampung, using multi-parameter microtremor-derived H/V spectral ratio (HVSR) values and spaceborne InSAR deformation data. The study area is mainly composed of unconsolidated Quaternary volcanic deposits with an average natural frequency ( ) of about 2 Hz and a moderate amplification factor ( ) value of 4. Such parameters, together with an average seismic vulnerability index ( ), of 11s strongly point to substantial impedance contrasts in the sediments and a large overall sediment thickness. To validate the physical effects of these features, a Multi-Temporal InSAR analysis was applied using satellite observations. Results showed a strong land subsidence rate, with a difference in distance from the satellites up to -25 cm for certain sectors. Spatially problematic zoning corresponded to the area with higher near-surface stiffness (  ranges of 400-470 m/s) along the territories with large subsidence rates. This relationship showed that higher.  and shallow material solidness are not sufficient conditions for stability against vertical deformation (also referred to as settlement), as substantial consolidation is likely to result from the significant load applied to the soil and groundwater extraction due to population pressure in these urban areas. These results highlight that  must be used with caution and interpreted in conjunction with geodetic data for an integrated stability analysis. This integrated model is useful as a general guideline for land stability management, infrastructure hazard preparedness, and disaster-resilient spatial planning in the rapidly developing Sukarame District.
Analysis of soil quality in various land uses in the Central Rembangan micro-watershed, Indonesia Hermiyanto, Bambang; Budiman, Subhan Arif; Basuki, Basuki; Hafizh, Muhammad; Maharani, Marcellia; Hadi, Syamsul
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10333

Abstract

Land degradation due to land use change threatens soil quality and watershed function in Java, Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate soil quality across various land-use types in the Central Rembangan micro-watershed, East Java, Indonesia, using the Soil Quality Index (SQI) approach based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Soil samples were collected from 18 Land Mapping Units (LMUs). The LMU represents a combination of three types of land use, namely rice fields, plantations, and dryland agriculture. The LMU includes six slope classes, namely 0-3%, 3-8%, 8-15%, 15-25%, 25-40%, and >40%. The PCA analysis identified nine key indicators as the Minimum Data Set (MDS). These indicators include soil porosity, permeability, total nitrogen, exchangeable Mg, C/N ratio, soil pH, particle specific gravity, electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The SQI value ranges from 0.50 to 0.77. The SQI value shows a significant difference between land use types at p<0.10. The rice field system has the highest SQI value of 0.68±0.09. The plantation system has an SQI value of 0.61±0.06. The dryland agricultural system has an SQI value of 0.57±0.09. Spatial analysis showed that 60% of micro-watershed areas have good soil quality. The good soil quality areas are located in the upstream part which is dominated by forest and plantations. As many as 40% of micro-watershed areas have moderate soil quality. Soil porosity and soil permeability are major contributors to soil quality in all types of land use.
Ecosystem resilience in action: Evaluating structural, functional recovery, and socio-economic impact of mangroves after restoration efforts Pañares, Gesila Grace P.; Nicanor, Rio A.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10727

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are important biodiversity supporters, coastline protectors and climate stabilizers. However, human activities and environmental changes pose increasing risks to these areas. This study examined the environmental and social impacts of a five-year effort to restore mangroves in Abucayan Sur, Calape, Bohol, Philippines, an area that was once used for fishponds. The project ran from 2019 to 2024. Quadrat sampling was conducted along with transects and local residents were interviewed to assess changes in mangrove species richness, tree growth (basal area, canopy diameter, tree height), the number of macroinvertebrates, and community perceptions of the restoration efforts. The results indicate that both the number of mangroves and their diversity index have improved significantly. After restoration, we identified seven (7) true mangrove species, with Rhizophora apiculata becoming the most common. Structural indicators showed considerable improvement. Both canopy diameter and tree height increased, demonstrating robust forest growth. The number of macroinvertebrates, particularly razor shells and mangrove crabs, increased as habitats recovered, although we observed some short-term declines following typhoons. Socio-economic statistics reveal that coastal communities continue to rely primarily on fishing and other coastal resources for their livelihoods. Despite this, there are still challenges, such as the effects of climate change and a lack of educational opportunities. In conclusion, community-based mangrove recovery can cause considerable ecological restoration and social and economic benefits within five years. The results emphasize the need for continuous monitoring, adjusting management measures, and involving stakeholders for sustainably maintaining and resilient mangrove forests in the Philippines in the long term.
Morpho-physiological responses of Malakatmon (Dillenia luzoniensis Merr.) to different organic amendments in laterite soil Pascua, Julius G.; Quimado, Marilyn O.; Maldia, Lerma SJ.; Tinio, Crusty E.; Reyes Jr., Tomas D.; Combalicer, Marilyn S.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10241

Abstract

Mining in the Philippines has caused extensive land degradation, underscoring the need for resilient native species in ecological restoration. This study investigated the morpho-physiological responses of Malakatmon (Dillenia luzoniensis), a vulnerable native tree, to nickel-rich laterite soils amended with biochar, cow manure, or vermicompost. Conducted under nursery conditions at the University of the Philippines, Los Baños, the research evaluated seed germination in garden and laterite soils and assessed seedling growth under 2%, 4%, and 6% organic amendment rates. Germination rates were comparable between garden (78.33%) and laterite soils (72.33%), and a strong positive correlation was observed between germination rate and energy (r = 0.86). Seedling mortality reached 16.67% in unamended laterite but declined significantly with cow manure (2.22%) and vermicompost (10.00%). In contrast, biochar, particularly at 6%, increased mortality to 63.33%. Organic amendments, especially cow manure and vermicompost, enhanced seedling performance. Treated plants showed greater leaf number (6.10 and 5.90), leaf area (1.00 cm² and 1.13 cm²), root number (14.87 and 10.95), root length (9.64 cm and 9.25 cm), and chlorophyll content (33.05 and 32.59 µmol cm?²) compared to controls. Higher biochar concentrations, however, inhibited root development. Moderate correlations were found between root and leaf traits (r = 0.54; r = 0.48), while stomatal traits remained stable. Overall, D. luzoniensis demonstrates strong potential for rehabilitating mined lands, with cow manure and vermicompost proving effective in promoting early seedling establishment and growth.
Analysis of the potential of rare earth elements in acid mine drainage and sedimentation pond sludge Afrah, Bazlina Dawami; Iqbal, Muhammad; Payomthip, Panida; Farand, Muhammad Geo; Syabil, M. Ibnus
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10569

Abstract

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) generated by coal mining is commonly regarded as an environmental liability, yet it may also serve as a secondary source of Rare Earth Elements (REEs). This study evaluated the distribution, classification, and recovery potential of REEs in AMD water and sedimentation pond sludge from a coal mining area in South Sumatera, Indonesia. Four AMD water samples were collected from different mine pits, while two sludge samples were obtained from the inlet and outlet of a sedimentation pond. REEs concentrations were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry, and recovery potential was assessed using the Outlook Coefficient and the relative proportion of critical REEs. The results showed that REEs concentrations in AMD water were low, ranging from 0.0005 to 0.449 ppm, with PIT 1 exhibiting the highest concentration under strongly acidic conditions. However, sludge samples exhibited considerable REEs enrichment with total concentrations of 178.13 ppm and 59.09 ppm at the inlet and outlet of the sedimentation pond, respectively. The preliminary outlook analysis showed low potential for direct recovery of REEs from AMD water, but sedimentation pond sludge, especially at the outlet, showed a promising outlook due to its combined high total REEs concentration and high critical content. This study showed that REEs can be recovered and concentrated in solid phases of AMD treatment systems. In addition, the sludge was a more viable and environmentally friendly secondary source.
The role of biopores with organic materials in improving soil properties and tea productivity in degraded land Febryani, Mita Amelia; Wulansari, Restu; Muliani, Yenny
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.133.10667

Abstract

Tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) are highly influenced by environmental conditions, particularly water availability and soil quality. Climate change and intensive cultivation practices have accelerated the degradation of tea plantation soils, characterized by high soil compaction, low porosity, acidic pH, and a decline in organic matter and nutrient content. These conditions result in reduced soil water infiltration, stunted growth, and lower-quality tea shoots. Previous studies have primarily focused on hydrological aspects, particularly infiltration, without linking improvements in soil properties to plant productivity. This study aimed to examine the role of biopore infiltration holes (BIPs) made with various organic materials on infiltration rates, soil moisture content, and tea shoot production and quality in degraded land. The study employed a randomized block design with 10 treatments and three replications. The results indicate that the application of biopores significantly increased soil infiltration rates to moderate to very fast levels and improved soil physical and chemical properties by enhancing porosity, aggregate stability, and organic carbon and total nitrogen content. However, the application of biopores did not significantly affect tea shoot production in the short term, as the decomposition of organic matter and microbial activity require time before nutrients become available to the plants.

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