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INDONESIA
Biomedical Engineering
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 27 Documents
 1   2   3 
Investigation of testicular germ cell tumor on Cryptoorchidism with Hypospadia and Ambigous Genitalia Amalia setyawati
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective: To identify germ cell malignancies and carcinoma in situ (CIS) in the gonads of high risk patientswith cryptorchidism and hypospadias (DSD cases) in Semarang as well as the frequency of OCT3/4 presence inthe case of germ cell malignancy.Methods: Specimens were examined for routine histopathology H&E staining. Immunohistochemistry stainingwas performed using antibody OCT3/4 and SCF to evaluate germ cells maturity and its progress towardmalignancies as well as its precursor lesion (CIS/GB).Result: We collected 33 specimens, however only 27 samples which qualified with categorization of GermTumor. Stage of differentiation tissue was varied categorized ranging from ovary, sex cord (tubae or funiculars).There were 7/26 samples with malignancies and precursor lesion.Conclusion: Genetic and environmental factors involve in the indirect role in the establishment of propermicro-environment for delayed maturation, transformation and progression of early germ cells. OCT3/4immunostaining is a promising and useful tool in managing patients known to be at high risk for thedevelopment of invasive GCTs.
The effects of regular exercise on the number of osteoclasts in ovariectomized Sprague dawley rat mandible Rini Maya Puspita
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of regular exercise on the number of osteoclasts inovariectomized Sprague Dawley rat mandible.Methods: Eight female Sprague Dawley rats, 3 months of age, were ovariectomized and divided into control(untreated) and treatment group (regular exercise). The exercise conducted by the rats ran on a speciallydesigned rat treadmill for 12 weeks, 5 times per week, at a speed of 10-18 m/min for 60 minutes per day. At theend of the treatment, the mandible was taken and cleaned out from the tissue for making the histologicalpreparations with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) stain. The number of osteoclasts counted from each histologicalpreparation on 10 visual fields and the obtained data were analyzed using independent t-test.Result: The number of osteoclast was lower significantly in ovariectmized rats compared to control group (P <0.001).Conclusion: Regular exercise can decrease the number of osteoclasts in ovariectomized Sprague Dawley ratmandibles.
Effect of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Homocysteine Level in association with MTHFR C677T Polymorphisms in Overweight Female Adults Fidelia Fiddelia
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

UNCORRECTED PROOFFOR REVIEWERBEBIOMEDICAL ENGINEERINGjournal homepage: be.ub.ac.idEffect of Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Homocysteine Levelin association with MTHFR C677T Polymorphisms in Overweight FemaleAdultsFidelia Fidelia1, Antonius Suwanto1, Felicia Kartawidjajaputra2†, Susana Susana21 Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta2Bioanalytical Laboratory Nutrifood Research Center, PT Nutrifood Indonesia, JakartaA R T I C L E I N F OArticle history:Received: February 2015Accepted: June 2015Available online:August 2015Keywords:Cardiovascular diseaseFolateHomocysteineMethylenetetrahydrofolatereductase C677TVitamin B12†Corresponding author:Bioanalytical LaboratoryNutrifood Research Center,PT Nutrifood Indonesia,JakartaE-mail:felicia@nutrifood.co.idA B S T R A C T1. IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is known as theleading cause of death and disability worldwide,including Indonesia. In 2008, an estimated of 17.3million people died from CVDs and by 2030, it ispredicted to be risen over 23 million people.Atherosclerotic heart disease, or widely known ascoronary heart disease (CHD) is one of CVDgroup occupied the first place of cause of death inIndonesia and the number keeps rising over theyears [1-3].There are many factors associated withincreased risk of CVD. Some of risk factors areclassified as non-modifiable, such as age, sex andgenetics; whereas behavioral risk factors, such asphysical inactivity, tobacco use, unhealthy diet,and harmful use of alcohol, which are responsiblefor about 80% of atherosclerotic heart disease, areable to be modified by lifestyle or pharmaceuticalintervention. Both of modifiable and nonmodifiablefactors can lead to intermediate riskfactors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia,glucose intolerance and overweight or obesity,which can lead to chronic disease development[4].80-90% of people dying from CHD have one ormore major risk factors that are influenced bylifestyle. Among the numerous factors above,overweight is one to be highlighted especiallybecause the incidence is increasing each year.World Health Organization stated that theprevalence of overweight in Indonesian women isObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation on Hcylevel based on the MTHFR C677T polymorphisms in Indonesian overweight females.Methods: The study involved 110 female adults (20±1.3 years) with a body mass index (BMI) above 22.9 (mean:25.3±2.3). DNA was extracted from saliva in order to identify the SNP of MTHFRC677T using PCR-RFLP. 15 of 110subjects were chosen to represent all MTHFR genotypes (5 CC, 6 CT and 4 TT) and assigned two differenttreatments: control (placebo), and supplement (500μg folic acid and 1 mg vitamin B12) for 4 weeks. Hcy levelswere measured using direct immunochemical assay.Result: This study population (n=110) showed that 677CC allele had the highest frequency (67%), followed by677CT (29%) and 677TT (4%). The results demonstrated no significant differences of Hcy level among allsubjects before treatment, but Hcy level was slightly higher in T allele subjects. The folate and vitamin B12treatment significantly reduced the level of Hcy in supplement group (p = 0.038), but not in placebo group. Thedifference between placebo and treatment was observed to be the highest in TT, followed by CT and CC subjects.Conclusion: This study showed that subjects who had T allele, tended to have a higher level of Hcy.Supplementation of folate and vitamin B12 was proven to lower the level of Hcy, and TT subjects were proven tobe the most responsive.
Antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of extract and fractions of Rambutan seeds (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Slyvia Soeng
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective : This research was done to measure the antioxidants and hypoglycemic activities of NLS extract andfractions.Methods: The ethanol extract of rambutan seeds were prepared by maseration method and the fractions (nhexane,ethyl acetate, buthanol and water) by separation of extract based on the polarity. The antioxidantactivity was determined by using superoxide dismutase value (SOD), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH)radical scavenging activity. The hypoglycemic activity was determined by using inhibition of α-glucosidase test.The DPPH scavenging and hypoglycemic activities were analized by median of Inhibitory Concentration (IC-50).Result : The highest SOD activity showed that ethyl acetate and aqueous fraction of NLS were 3.3771 μg/ml and3.0374 μg/ml. Meanwhile DPPH assay showed that both NLS extract and fractions had low DPPH scavengingactivity. Hypoglycemic activity showed that extract of NLS had highest activity as α-glucosidase inhibitor.Conclusion : NLS extract and fractions have high SOD antioxidant value but low DPPH scavenging activity andcan be used as potential hypoglycemic agent.
Protein extract of Detam 1 soybean contains β–conglycinin stimulating cholecystokinin signal transduction through activities of PKC, c-RAF and ERK 1/2 in Wistar rats Melinah Hidayat
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

UNCORRECTED PROOFFOR REVIEWERBEBIOMEDICAL ENGINEERINGjournal homepage: be.ub.ac.idProtein extract of Detam 1 soybean contains β–conglycinin stimulatingcholecystokinin signal transduction through activities of PKC, c-RAF and ERK1/2 in Wistar ratsMeilinah Hidayat1†, Ahmad Faried21Nutrition Department Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University Bandung2Research and Development Unit Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, BandungA R T I C L E I N F OArticle history:Received: February 2015Accepted: June 2015Available online:August 2015Keywords:β conglycininCholecystokininProtein Extract of Detam 1soybeanSignal transduction†Corresponding author:Nutrition DepartmentFaculty of Medicine,Maranatha ChristianUniversity BandungE-mail:mellahidayat@yahoo.comA B S T R A C T1. IntroductionThe prevalence of obesity is definitelyincreasing and is widely spread in all over theworld (1). This condition should be overcomebecause obesity can cause many side effects. Oneof options solution is to discover good nutritionsources that can reduce body weight. Soybean(Glycine Max L. Merr) is a good source ofprotein. It has two major protein fractions, β-conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S) (2). β -conglycinin’s function was known to suppressfood intake, decreasing appetite (3) reducing bodyweight and this effect may be due to stimulatinggastrointestinal hormones, cholecystokinin (CCK)release (4). CCK is a peptide hormone of thegastrointestinal system that can act as a shortterm food intake inhibitor, has beendemonstrated to reduce food intake in a doserelatedmanner in different species andexperimental designs (5, 6, 7, 8).Protein can stimulate CCK secretion in STC-1cells duodenum through signal transduction of GProtein Coupling Receptor (GPCR) mechanisms(9). There are many possibilities in the pathway,such as Protein Kinase C (PKC), DiAcyl Glycerol(DAG), Protein Kinase (PKA), c-Raf andExtracellular Signal-Related Kinase (ERK) orMitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) (9).However, the cellular mechanisms by which theβ-conglycinin induces CCK secretion remain to beclarified.There hasn’t been many studies aboutIndonesian soybean variety in the relation to CCKObjective: to determine which kind of soybean extract contains the highest β-conglycinin level, their effects tocholecystokinin (CCK) plasma level, and to signal transduction pathway in duodenum of Wistar rats.Methods: β-conglycinin were analysed in vitro using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining. The CCK plasma level were measuredin vivo in 24 male Wistar rats by ELISA method, using t-test paired and the activity of PKCμ, PKA, c-Raf and ERKin CCK signal transduction pathway in vivo by Western blot method and Scion image densitometry (DU)analysed using ANOVA.Result: Protein extract of Detam 1 soybean (PEDS) contains the highest amount of β-conglycinin level. Therewas no significant diffrerence of CCK plasma level between pre and post treatment (p> 0.05) although there wereincreasing level in all treatment. The duodenum of Wistar rats which were given PEDS showed significantdifference with negative control in signal transduction activities of PKCμ, c-Raf & ERK 1/2 pathway (p<0.001).Conclusion: PEDS contains the highest β-conglycinin level, effects to CCK plasma level, and to CCK signaltransduction pathway through activities of PKCμ, c-Raf and ERK 1/2 in enteroendocrine cells in duodenumWistar rats
CD35 (DEL C) frameshift mutation in exon 2 of β-globin gene on β-thalassemia carriers Niken Satuti Nur Handayani
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective : Our work aimed to determine the type and site of mutations of two β-thalassemia carrier sby usinga sequencing method .Methods: DNA genomes were extracted from both carriers blood samples which, by PCR-SSCP analysis, weresuspected of having mutation in exon2 of β-globin gene. The extracted DNA were used as template foramplification of the exon by using specific primers. Amplicon were then read by using the Sanger(dideoxynucleotide chain terminator) method with the reverse and forward primers. Sequencing data wereanalyzed by using software Chromas Bioedit Lite2.1 and 7.1.9Result : The results of the analysis showed the presence of C deletion at codon 35 (Cd 35(del C)) which causesa codon frameshift on both carriers.Conclusion : NLS extract and fractions have high SOD antioxidant value but low DPPH scavenging activity andcan be used as potential hypoglycemic agent.
Gene p53 Mutations after the Induction of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and Administration of Anti-Carcinogenesis Properties of Gynura procumbens in Sprague Dawley Rats abdul Gofur
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research is to study p53 gene mutations in the mammary gland ofDMBA-induced Sprague Dawley rats treated with the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens.Methods: Sprague Dawley female rats aged 40 days were used. DMBA positive control animalswere treated with 20 mg/kg bw DMBA; Gynura-extract positive control animals were treatedwith 300 or 750 mg/kgbw G. procumbens extract without DMBA treatment; experimentalanimals were treated with 300 or 750 mg/kg bw G. procumbens extract and 20 mg/kg bwDMBA, intragastric, while negative control animals neither treated with DMBA nor G.procumbens extract. Each group consists of 5 animals. Palpation and necropsy of mammaryglands was conducted at the end of the experiment. Mutation of p53 was studied in exon-6 of thisgene, in triple or less, depended on available samples.Result: G. procumbens extract generally suppress tumor incidence in DMBA treated animals.p53 sequence showing some point mutations which also affect on its amino acid sequence, but itwas not exclusively occurred in DMBA treated animals.Conclusion: Based on this research we can not conclude that tumor incidence in this experimentwas resulted by the mutation of p53 gene.
Phytochemical assay, potential of antimalarial and antioxidant activities of green tea extract and its fraction Fanny Rahardja
Biomedical Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2015): BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective : The research objective was to evaluate the phytochemical compounds, the antioxidant and anti-malarial activity of green tea extract and its fraction. Methods : The antioxidant activity were measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity used in vitro laboratories prospective experimental design and completely randomized design, using ethanol extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol fraction, and water fraction of green tea in 7 levels of concentration compared to epicatechin (EC). The data were analyzed using linear regression analysis, and were continued by determined Inhibitory Concentration50 (IC50). The anti-malarial activity of green tea fractions were compared to artemisinin. The data were analyzed using probit analysis, and were continued by determined IC50 .Result: The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity (IC50) was the fraction of ethyl acetate 2,184 µg/ml. The anti-malarial activity IC50of water and ethyl acetate fraction, ethanol extract and butanol fraction were 0,000090 µg/mL,0,003 µg/mL, 0,006 µg/mL, 0,011 µg/ml respectively.Conclusion : Extract and fractions of green tea have potential anti-malarial and antioxidant properties.
Vitamin C inhibit upregulation of plasma and joint interleukin-1β level in cold stress-exposed adjuvant arthritis Fitri Handajani; Sulistiana Prabowo
Biomedical Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Objective:  We aimed to investigate whether cold stress increased plasma and joint IL-1β and whether vitamin C quenched ROS and reduced increased IL-1β. Secondly whether there is any correlation between plasma and joint IL-1βlevel.Material and methods:  Male adjuvant arthritic rats (age=10-12 weeks; n=8/group) were exposed to cold stress (5oC for 15 minutes/day for 7 days) with/without vitamin C (50 mg/day orally) and then kept for 14 days. The control group did not receive either cold exposure or vitamin C. Plasma IL-1βlevel was measured using indirect ELISA and joint IL-1β was measured using imunohistochemistry before treatment, day 0, 7, 14 after treatment.Result:  Cold stress significantly increased plasma IL-1β level directly after cold stress (p=0.025), 14 days after cold stress (p=0.002). Cold stress significantly increased percentage area positive of joint IL-1β day 7 (p=0.001), day 14 (p=0.001). Compared to controls vitamin C significantly reduced plasma and joint IL-1β directly after cold stress, day 7, 14 after cold stress (p< 0.05). No significant correlation between plasma and joint IL-1β in all groups (p>0.05).Conclusion:  Cold stress increased plasma and joint IL-1β and vitamin C reduced increased IL-1β  possibly by reducing ROS production and NF-kB activation.
Detection of Gen Chloramphenicol Acetyl Transferase (CAT ) Salmonella typhi Resistant Chloramphenicol by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Technique Supiana Dian Nurtjahyani; Retno Handajani
Biomedical Engineering Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Vol. 3 No. 1 Biomedical Engineering
Publisher : Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

Objective: Salmonella typhi as a causative agent of typhoid abdominalis many militias, which was resistant to the drug, one of which is chloramphenicol. Detection of Salmonella typhi serologically generally done so if there is a problem in the diagnosis difficult to overcome so it needs a faster diagnosis techniques with accurate results. PCR can be used as an alternative solution to these problems. The purpose of this study was to detect the DNA of Salmonella typhi resistant to chloramphenicol by PCR.Material and methods: The method in this population experimental laboratory conducted in the laboratory biology and laboratory Unirow Tuban ITD Airlangga University Surabaya. Experiment done using PCR from blood samples. Using primer from CAT gene to detect this gene.Result: The results of this study with tank PCR can detect DNA of chloramphenicol resistant Salmonella typhi with a length of 293 bp.Conclusion: The conclusion PCR technique can detect DNA of Salmonella typhi resistant to chloramphenicol.

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