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INDONESIA
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19784279     EISSN : 25494082     DOI : 10.20473
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 505 Documents
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Anti-Retroviral Treatment in dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital Yogyakarta Aquaira, Labitta Pachira; Febriana, Sri Awalia; Rusetiyanti, Nurwestu
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.162-167

Abstract

Background: Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDRs) affect 2-3% of hospitalized patients globally, wherein approximately 2% (1 in 1,000 cases) accounted for a severe form of cutaneous drug reactions. Out of all dermatologic diagnoses recorded by HIV patients, eight-point twenty-five percent of patients feature ACDRs, indicating that these patients are 100 times more inclined to develop unfortunate, severe reactions to anti-retroviral treatment. Therefore, there is an urgency in identifying the prevalence of ACDRs in HIV patients taking anti-retroviral treatment. Purpose: The aim of this study is to calculate the prevalence of anti-retroviral drug-induced ACDRs in HIV-positive patients in Central General Hospital, in the time period of January 2015 to December 2017. Methods: This study analyzed inpatient and outpatient medical records from January 2015 to December 2017 in the Dermatology and Venereology Department of dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital, which recorded ART-induced ACDRs manifestations. Result: This study revealed a prevalence of 0.095% of ACDRs as a result of ART administration, with 1.5% HIV-positive patients affected by ACDRs in response to ART medication. A m sex ratio of 2:1 with an average age of 30.4 ± 5.94 years old was found. The most predominant type of ACDR found in HIV-positive patients receiving ART was maculopapular rash (46.7%), while the most common type of drug within the ART regimen to cause such ACDR was Nevirapine (25.8%). Discussion: Nevirapine was the most common type of causative drug, for monotherapy (22.6%) and polytherapy (25.8%).
Water Maceration of Black Mahlab Effectively Inhibits the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Skin Infections Oshi, Murtada Ahmed Mohmmed
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.207-212

Abstract

Background: With the rising risk of antibiotic resistance, our ability to combat Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) is being compromised. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the activity of several aqueous extracts of black mahlab seeds (maceration, infusion, and decoction) against S. aureus-associated SSTIs. Methods: We employed the disc diffusion Kirby-Bauer method to evaluate the anti-staphylococcal activity of the extracts. Furthermore, we used various extract concentrations to calculate each extract's minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) against S. aureus. Result: The results revealed enhanced anti-staphylococcal activity, with inhibition zones measuring 11.5, 22.5, and 26.5 mm at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml, respectively. These effects were similar to ampicillin against S. aureus and significantly higher (p  0.05) than gentamicin. The extracts showed antibacterial activity with MICs and MBCs ranging from 12.5 to 25 mg/ml. Conclusion: Overall, compared to the clinically prescribed antibiotics, ampicillin, and gentamicin, black mahlab seed extract obtained by water maceration exhibits increased anti-staphylococcal activity associated with SSTIs.
The Relationship between The Level of Knowledge and Stigma Towards Leprosy Patients among Healthcare Workers Prameswari, Laura Nanda; Rochyatul Jannah, Ayik; Wulandari Alshanti, Nadya
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.196-201

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is currently one of the most common health problems in the world. Because leprosy is contagious and chronic, most people fear those who suffer from it, and leading to mindless creation of various negative stigmas. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and the stigma towards leprosy. Methods: This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach, conducted from January to March 2024 at Pungging Health Community Center, Mojokerto Regency, East Java, Indonesia, using the total sampling method. We collected the data for this study using a questionnaire that included questions relevant to the variables under investigation. Processing and analyzing data used Microsoft Office Word 2019, Microsoft Office Excel 2019, and IBM SPSS Statistic 26. We used bivariate analysis the Spearman statistical test to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Result: Health workers with sufficient knowledge had the highest good stigma presentation (14%), and there is a significant relationship between the level of healthcare workers' knowledge of leprosy and stigma towards leprosy patients (p=0.025). Conclusion: A significant correlation exists between healthcare workers' understanding of the stigma associated with leprosy. To reach the program's target, health workers need additional training about leprosy to eliminate the negative stigma of healthcare workers towards leprosy.
The Impact of Xerosis Cutis Severity on Quality of Life of Elderly Frizka Eliza; Evy Ervianti; Damayanti
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.180-183

Abstract

Background: Xerosis cutis occurs more frequently in elderly. This disease is associated with reduced quality of life. This study aimed to determine the impact of xerosis cutis severity on elderly patients' quality of life. Methods: The goal of this cross-sectional observational analytical study was to analyze the impact of xerosis cutis severity on the quality of life of elderly patients. The study was conducted at the outpatient unit clinic of Dermatovenereology Department, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. This study included a total of 36 elderly patients. We assessed the severity of Xerosis cutis using the Xerosimeter score, and evaluated the quality of life using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Result: The majority of elderly patients with xerosis cutis had moderate severity with 22 patients (61.10%) and reported a moderate impact on quality of life with 17 patients (47.20%). The severity of xerosis cutis was also significantly correlated with quality of life (P<0.000). Conclusion: There is a significant, directly proportional relationship between the severity of xerosis cutis and quality of life, with the severity having a greater impact on quality of life.
Secondary Syphilis with Multiple Co-Infections of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Tuberculosis (TB), and Oral Candidiasis in a 19-Year-Old Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): A Case Report Melin, Uliana Nur; Adhi Dharmasanti, Prasti
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.225-231

Abstract

Background: Syphilis is an infection of the Treponema pallidum bacteria that often occurs along with conditions such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, tuberculosis (TB), and oral candidiasis. A weakened immune system affects the complex interactions between these conditions and the clinical presentation as well as the therapeutic management provided to patients. Case: A 19-year-old male with a history of HIV complained of lesions on the skin and mouth. Anamnesis, physical examination, and serological test results establish the diagnosis of secondary syphilis and pulmonary tuberculosis, characterized by a one-month history of phlegm coughing and weight loss, was confirmed via sputum testing. Additionally, oral candidiasis was identified based on clinical examination. Discussion: The patient exhibited complex complications from secondary syphilis, HIV infection, TB, and oral candidiasis. In cases of syphilis with HIV, the appropriate treatment is three doses of Benzathine Penicillin G. Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs administration for TB was adjusted based on HIV status and therapy response, and antifungal fluconazole for oral candidiasis. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of proper management and close monitoring of patients with multiple infectious conditions, including treatment of syphilis patients that has  a higher incidence in men who have MSM, HIV, TB, and oral candidiasis. Timely and appropriate therapy strategies are essential to minimize complications and improve clinical outcomes.
The Role of Health Education on the Level of Knowledge of Contact Dermatitis in the Elderly Hera, Renata Evania; Damayanti; Lilik Djuari; Ema Qurnianingsih
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.184-190

Abstract

Background: Contact dermatitis is a skin condition resulting from exposure to external substances that provoke allergic or irritant reactions. Individuals aged 60 and older are particularly susceptible to this condition due to the physiological changes in their skin accompanying aging. Purpose: To analyze the role of education regarding contact dermatitis in the elderly. Methods: The sampling technique used in this study is a total sampling technique using the pre-experimental one-group method, and presented the results in an analytical descriptive format. Result: The study demonstrated a significant impact of the educational intervention on contact dermatitis regarding the knowledge levels of the research subjects. Analysis using the Wilcoxon test revealed a significance value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). This finding indicates that the educational intervention resulted in a notable improvement in knowledge from before to after it. Conclusion: There is a significant impact of the educational intervention on the knowledge levels of the elderly, as observed before and after the intervention.
The Relationship of Over the Counter (OTC) Facial Soap Usage and Acne Risk in Sebelas Maret University Medical Students Jalasena Mysea, Marsyanda; Kusumawardani, Arie; Murasmita, Alamanda; Widhiati, Suci
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 36 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V36.3.2024.191-195

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common inflammatory skin disorder among young adults. The use of over-the-counter (OTC) facial soap is a common practice for managing AV, but the impact of its frequency on acne severity remains unclear. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between the frequency of OTC facial soap usage and the severity of acne vulgaris among medical students at Sebelas Maret University. Methods: This observational analytical study utilized a cross-sectional approach and involved 57 medical students at Sebelas Maret University. The questionnaire focused on the frequency of OTC face wash usage among participants. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and Spearman-Pearson correlation methods. Result: There is a significant relationship (p = 0.089) between the frequency of OTC face wash usage and the risk of acne vulgaris, with a weak negative correlation (r = -0.226, p = 0.092). This study set a significance level of 0.1, higher than the conventional 0.05, which limits the generalizability of the results. This decision was made to balance the accuracy of the findings with the available resource constraints. Conclusion: There’s a significant correlation between OTC facial soap usage and acne risk in Sebelas Maret University medical students, with more frequent use linked to reduced acne severity.
Overcoming negative stigma towards leprosy patients Prakoeswa, Flora Ramona Sigit; Maharani, Faradiba; Sari, Winda Atika; Risanti, Erika Diana
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 37 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V37.1.2025.59-62

Abstract

Background: Leprosy remains a public health problem, with various factors contributingo the transmission and progression of the disease. Stigma and discrimination towards leprosy patients have hindered the treatment and eradication of the disease.  Purpose: To identify the related factors and strategies to overcome stigmas towards leprosy patients. Review: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that affects skin and nerve, and causes visible permanent impairment if the patients do not get adequate treatment. Therefore, visible clinicalnifestations and cultural beliefs have createdigma towards leprosy patients, which negatively impacts their quality of life and their awareness of seeking health care. These factors may lead to patients avoiding diagnosis and treatment, which in turn increases number of G2D cases and transmission rate. Cultural and religious beliefs, low education level, and minimal information about leprosy have been known to contribute to the stigma. Several strategies can be considered to use to overcome stigma and discrimination towards leprosy patients. Conclusions: nderstanding factors related to leprosy stigma and its effects on the progression of the disease will help determine the strategies to overcome stigma and discrimination.
Stigmatization of Leprosy Patients at the Primary Hospital in North Central Timor: a Qualitative Study Rusnah, Fauziyah Nadira Riani; Ika Febianti Buntoro; Nicholas Edwin Handoyo; Herjuni Oematan
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 37 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V37.1.2025.34-40

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the peripheral nervous system, skin, nosend eyes and can cause disability. Clinical symptoms and disabilities can give leprosy patients a negative impression, known as stigma, which can affect their self-acceptance. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the perceptions of leprosy patients at the a primary hospital in North Central Timor regarding the stigma they experience. Methods: The study was a qualitative research, utilizing the in-depth interview method. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, applied maximum variation sampling, and involved 20 patients in the study.The interview results were transcribed and analyzed using the Open Code 4.03 program. The coding results were grouped into themes and subthemes that emerged. Result: This study found that internal and social stigma affected 80% of the 20 leprosy patients at a primary hospital. Misperceptions primarily cause internal stigma, which in turn triggers fear of infection and isolation from the community. Social stigma, also triggered by misperceptions, leprosy symptoms, and disability, leads to discrimination, and ostracism, even in family circles and places of worship. Patients experience negative impacts on their self-esteem, social life, and economy. Conclusion: Leprosy patients experience internal and social stigma, with 16 out of 20 patients affected. Misperceptions, symptoms, and disability due to leprosy are the leading causes. This stigma has far-reaching social, economic, and educational impacts. Support, education, and preventive measures are needed to overcome the stigma that worsens the condition of leprosy patients.
Cracking the Crimson Conundrum: a Case Report on Granulomatous Rosacea Salecha, Akshay Jain; Sridevi , Kode; John, Akhila Merin; Nagapadma, Lakamsani; Satya Ramamurthy, Damaraju Venkata
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 37 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V37.1.2025.63-67

Abstract

Background: Rosacea, a prevalent inflammatory skin condition, commonly affects the central facial area. Granulomatous rosacea, a rare variant of rosacea, presents diagnostic intricacies due to its clinical and histopathological resemblance to other granulomatous dermatoses. Purpose: We are presenting this case due to the scarcity of granulomatous rosacea cases, often misdiagnosed, leading to unwarranted treatment options. We describe a case of granulomatous rosacea in a 24-year-old female, elucidating clinical features and diagnostic challenges the patient presented with red, elevated lesions over the central facial region for three months. Clinical examination revealed well-defined erythematous papules. Dermoscopy and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Discussion: Granulomatous rosacea poses a diagnostic problem, necessitating early recognition and tailored management to prevent facial disfigurement and psychological distress. Differential diagnoses often require careful consideration and may involve a combination of clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological assessments. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of considering granulomatous rosacea in the differential diagnosis of other facial dermatoses.

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