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HUBUNGAN PERSONAL HYGIENE DENGAN KEBERADAAN ESCHERICHIA COLI PADA MAKANAN DI TEMPAT PENGOLAHAN MAKANAN (TPM) BUFFER AREA BANDARA ADI SOEMARMO SURAKARTA Romanda, Fitka; Priyambodo, Priyambodo; Risanti, Erika Diana
Biomedika Vol 8, No 1 (2016): Biomedika Februari 2016
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v8i1.2899

Keberadaan Escherichia coli dalam sumber air atau makanan merupakan indikasi pasti terjadinya Â kontaminasi tinja manusia. Kontaminasi ini dapat berdampak pada Kejadian Luar Biasa keracunan makanan di negara berkembang, termasuk di Indonesia. Adanya kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada makanan dapat disebabkan faktor personal hygiene penjamah makanan yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan personal hygiene penjamah makanan dengan Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah 65 penjamah makanan dan 65 sampel makanan di 22 tempat pengolahan makanan buffer area Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan personal hygiene dengan keberadaan Escherichia coli pada makanan di Tempat Pengolahan Makanan Buffer Area Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta dengan uji statistik dengan Chi Square didapatkan p value (0,000) dan kekuatan hubungan sedang dengan nilai C (0,477). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan terdapat hubungan personal hygiene penjamah makanan dengan keberadaan Escherichia coli pada makanan di tempat pengolahan makanan (TPM) buffer area Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta.Â Kata kunci. Personal Hygiene, Escherichia coli, Buffer Area

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND IMMUNIZATIONS STATUS: RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN CHILDREN 2-5 YEARS Rahmadiena, Qonita; Risanti, Erika Diana; Dewi, Listiana Masyita; Setiawati, Shinta Riana
Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR) Vol 3, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (UAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/eshr.v3i1.2295

Background: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years old (toddlers) worldwide, especially in developing countries. ARI is an acute upper or lower respiratory tract disease that occurs acutely, usually transmitted with mild to lethal symptoms. Various risk factors cause a high incidence of ARI cases in infants, including low birth weight (LBW) and incomplete immunization. Children aged 2-5 years are expected to have received basic immunizations and complete tests according to age to have a stronger immunity to ARI than children aged less than two years. Objective: To determine the relationship of LBW and immunization history with ARI events in children aged 2-5 years.Methods: This is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design using 31 samples of ARI and non-ARI pediatric patients treated at the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta. Samples were determined using a purposive technique - meaning that samples were taken according to specific criteria. The population was pediatric patients aged 2-5 years diagnosed with ARI: common cold, nasopharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and SARS. This study's study populations are pediatric patients aged 2-5 years who were outpatient at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta in December 2019. Therefore, the number of samples is calculated using the Sample Formula for Study Groups with Different Sample Sizes, and data was taken employing a patient's parent interview.Results: There were 31 patients with details of 17 ARI and 14 non-ARI. Fisher's test showed there was no relationship between LBW and ARI (p-value = 0.597, p> 0.05 and Prevalence Ratio = 1.286). And there was no significant relationship between the history of immunization with ARI (p-value = 0.287, p> 0.05 and Prevalence Ratio = 2.5).Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between LBW and immunization history with ARI in children aged 2-5 years.

HUBUNGAN ADIKSI GAME ONLINE DAN MEROKOK DENGAN STRES PADA REMAJA Gewab, Bima Tirta Pradana Ajie; Risanti, Erika Diana; Herawati, Erna; Mahmudah, Nur
Biomedika Vol 12, No 2 (2020): Biomedika Agustus 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v12i2.10737

ABSTRAKÂ Remaja merupakan individu labil yang mudah stres akibat modernisasi. Pemilihan manajemen stres pada remaja yang tidak efektif seperti merokok dan bermain game online menimbulkan adaptasi tubuh yang buruk sehingga berakhir dengan maladaptif atau kegagalan adaptasi masalah yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menganalisis adiksi game online dan merokok dengan tingkat stres pada remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah semua remaja yang bermain game online di Surakarta, sedangkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 56 remaja. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji Chi square dan Regresi Logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan adiksi game online dengan stres remaja (p= 0,001; OR= 5,312) dan terdapat hubungan merokok dengan stres remaja (p= 0,000; OR= 5,455), sedangkan besarnya hubungan adiksi game online dan merokok terhadap tingkat stres sebesar 39,0%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah adiksi game online dan merokok termasuk mekanisme pengalihan tingkat stres pada remaja.Kata Kunci: Stres Remaja, Adiksi Game Online, MerokokÂ ABSTRACTÂ Adolescents are labile individuals who are easily stress by modernization. Ineffective adolescent stress management choices, such as smoking and playing online games, caused in poor body adaptation, resulting in maladaptive or failure to adapt the problems. This study aimed to analyze online game addiction and smoking with stress levels in adolescents. This study was an analytic observational study used a cross sectional approach. The population was all adolescents who played online games in Surakarta, while the study sample was 56 adolescents. The research data was collected using a questionnaire, while the data analysis used the Chi square test and Logistic Regression. The results showed that there was a relationship between online game addiction and adolescent stress (p= 0.001; OR= 5.312) and there was a relationship between smoking behavior and teen stress levels (p= 0.000; OR= 5.455), while the magnitude of the relationship between online game addiction and smoking behavior was stress level of 39.0%. We concluded that online game addiction and smoking behavior included in the mechanism of transferring stress levels in teenagers.Â Keywords: Adolescent Stres, Online Game Addiction, Smoking

UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Anopheles aconitus Nurhayani, Nurhayani; Sari, Dhiastika Nanda; Bestari, Rochmadina Suci; Risanti, Erika Diana
Biomedika Vol 13, No 1 (2021): Biomedika Februari 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v13i1.11272

ABSTRAKAnopheles aconitus merupakan nyamuk pembawa parasit malaria (Plasmodium sp.). PengendalianÂ penyakit malaria bergantung pada pengendalian vektornya. Penggunaan larvasida alami perlu dikembangkan untuk mengurangi dampak negatif larvasida sintetis yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Tanaman yang dapat digunakan untuk larvasida alami salah satunya adalah daun tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) karena mengandung flavanoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun tembakau terhadap mortalitas larva Anopheles aconitus dan dosis optimal ekstrak daun tembakau sebagai larvasida Anopheles aconitus. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan rancangan post test only with control group design, dengan 4 variasi konsentrasi 0,00875%, 0,0175%, 0,035%, 0,07%, 1 kontrol negatif (aquadest dan CMC) dan 1 kontrol positif (abate), dilakukan 4 kali pengulangan dengan pengamatan tiap 6 jam sekali selama 24 jam. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara ekstrak daun tembakau kematian larva Anopheles aconitus (p= 0,000). Hasil uji Post Hoc Mann-whitney, semua konsentrasi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dibandingkan kontrol negatif, sedangkan kontrol positif dengan konsentrasi 0,07% tidak berbeda signifikan, menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 0,07% memiliki potensi hampir dengan abate sebagai larvasida. Analisis probit LC50 pada 0,025% dan LT50 pada 9,877 jam. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun tembakau efektif dalam membunuh larva Anopheles aconitus.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Daun Tembakau, Anopheles aconitus, Larvasida, MalariaÂ ABSTRACTAnopheles aconitus is a mosquito carrying malaria parasite (Plasmodium sp.). Malaria control depends on controlling the vector. The use of natural larvicides needs to be developed to reduce the negative impact of synthetic larvicides which can pollute the environment. One of the plants that can be used for natural larvicides is tobacco leaf (Nicotiana tabacum L.) because it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of tobacco leaf extract on the mortality of Anopheles aconitus larvae and the optimal dose of tobacco leaf extract as Anopheles aconitus larvae. This study is a laboratory experimental study with post test only with control group design, with 4 concentrations of 0.00875%, 0.0175%, 0.035%, 0.07%, 1 negative control (aquadest and CMC) and 1 positive control (abate) performed 4 repetitions with observations every 6 hours for 24 hours. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was a relationship between tobacco leaf extract and the death of Anopheles aconitus larvae (p= 0,000). Post-Hoc Mann-Whitney test results, all concentrations had significant differences compared to negative controls, while positive controls with a concentration of 0.07% did not differ significantly, indicating that a concentration of 0.07% had the potential to be nearly as abate as larvicide. The LC50 probit analysis was 0.025% and LT50 was 9.877 hours. So it can be concluded that tobacco leaf extract is effective in killing Anopheles aconitus larvae.Keyword: Tobacco Leaf Extract, Anopheles aconitus, Larvasida, Malaria

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND IMMUNIZATIONS STATUS: RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN CHILDREN 2-5 YEARS Qonita Rahmadiena; Erika Diana Risanti; Listiana Masyita Dewi; Shinta Riana Setiawati
Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/eshr.v3i1.2295

Background: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years old (toddlers) worldwide, especially in developing countries. ARI is an acute upper or lower respiratory tract disease that occurs acutely, usually transmitted with mild to lethal symptoms. Various risk factors cause a high incidence of ARI cases in infants, including low birth weight (LBW) and incomplete immunization. Children aged 2-5 years are expected to have received basic immunizations and complete tests according to age to have a stronger immunity to ARI than children aged less than two years. Objective: To determine the relationship of LBW and immunization history with ARI events in children aged 2-5 years.Methods: This is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design using 31 samples of ARI and non-ARI pediatric patients treated at the PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta. Samples were determined using a purposive technique - meaning that samples were taken according to specific criteria. The population was pediatric patients aged 2-5 years diagnosed with ARI: common cold, nasopharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and SARS. This study's study populations are pediatric patients aged 2-5 years who were outpatient at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Surakarta in December 2019. Therefore, the number of samples is calculated using the Sample Formula for Study Groups with Different Sample Sizes, and data was taken employing a patient's parent interview.Results: There were 31 patients with details of 17 ARI and 14 non-ARI. Fisher's test showed there was no relationship between LBW and ARI (p-value = 0.597, p> 0.05 and Prevalence Ratio = 1.286). And there was no significant relationship between the history of immunization with ARI (p-value = 0.287, p> 0.05 and Prevalence Ratio = 2.5).Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between LBW and immunization history with ARI in children aged 2-5 years.

HUBUNGAN ADIKSI GAME ONLINE DAN MEROKOK DENGAN STRES PADA REMAJA Bima Tirta Pradana Ajie Gewab; Erika Diana Risanti; Erna Herawati; Nur Mahmudah
Biomedika Vol 12, No 2 (2020): Biomedika Agustus 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v12i2.10737

ABSTRAK Remaja merupakan individu labil yang mudah stres akibat modernisasi. Pemilihan manajemen stres pada remaja yang tidak efektif seperti merokok dan bermain game online menimbulkan adaptasi tubuh yang buruk sehingga berakhir dengan maladaptif atau kegagalan adaptasi masalah yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk menganalisis adiksi game online dan merokok dengan tingkat stres pada remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah semua remaja yang bermain game online di Surakarta, sedangkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 56 remaja. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji Chi square dan Regresi Logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan adiksi game online dengan stres remaja (p= 0,001; OR= 5,312) dan terdapat hubungan merokok dengan stres remaja (p= 0,000; OR= 5,455), sedangkan besarnya hubungan adiksi game online dan merokok terhadap tingkat stres sebesar 39,0%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah adiksi game online dan merokok termasuk mekanisme pengalihan tingkat stres pada remaja.Kata Kunci: Stres Remaja, Adiksi Game Online, Merokok ABSTRACT Adolescents are labile individuals who are easily stress by modernization. Ineffective adolescent stress management choices, such as smoking and playing online games, caused in poor body adaptation, resulting in maladaptive or failure to adapt the problems. This study aimed to analyze online game addiction and smoking with stress levels in adolescents. This study was an analytic observational study used a cross sectional approach. The population was all adolescents who played online games in Surakarta, while the study sample was 56 adolescents. The research data was collected using a questionnaire, while the data analysis used the Chi square test and Logistic Regression. The results showed that there was a relationship between online game addiction and adolescent stress (p= 0.001; OR= 5.312) and there was a relationship between smoking behavior and teen stress levels (p= 0.000; OR= 5.455), while the magnitude of the relationship between online game addiction and smoking behavior was stress level of 39.0%. We concluded that online game addiction and smoking behavior included in the mechanism of transferring stress levels in teenagers. Keywords: Adolescent Stres, Online Game Addiction, Smoking

HUBUNGAN PERSONAL HYGIENE DENGAN KEBERADAAN ESCHERICHIA COLI PADA MAKANAN DI TEMPAT PENGOLAHAN MAKANAN (TPM) BUFFER AREA BANDARA ADI SOEMARMO SURAKARTA Fitka Romanda; Priyambodo Priyambodo; Erika Diana Risanti
Biomedika Vol 8, No 1 (2016): Biomedika Februari 2016
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v8i1.2899

Keberadaan Escherichia coli dalam sumber air atau makanan merupakan indikasi pasti terjadinya kontaminasi tinja manusia. Kontaminasi ini dapat berdampak pada Kejadian Luar Biasa keracunan makanan di negara berkembang, termasuk di Indonesia. Adanya kontaminasi Escherichia coli pada makanan dapat disebabkan faktor personal hygiene penjamah makanan yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan personal hygiene penjamah makanan dengan Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah 65 penjamah makanan dan 65 sampel makanan di 22 tempat pengolahan makanan buffer area Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan personal hygiene dengan keberadaan Escherichia coli pada makanan di Tempat Pengolahan Makanan Buffer Area Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta dengan uji statistik dengan Chi Square didapatkan p value (0,000) dan kekuatan hubungan sedang dengan nilai C (0,477). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan terdapat hubungan personal hygiene penjamah makanan dengan keberadaan Escherichia coli pada makanan di tempat pengolahan makanan (TPM) buffer area Bandara Adi Soemarmo Surakarta. Kata kunci. Personal Hygiene, Escherichia coli, Buffer Area

UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Anopheles aconitus Nurhayani Nurhayani; Dhiastika Nanda Sari; Rochmadina Suci Bestari; Erika Diana Risanti
Biomedika Vol 13, No 1 (2021): Biomedika Februari 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v13i1.11272

ABSTRAKAnopheles aconitus merupakan nyamuk pembawa parasit malaria (Plasmodium sp.). Pengendalian penyakit malaria bergantung pada pengendalian vektornya. Penggunaan larvasida alami perlu dikembangkan untuk mengurangi dampak negatif larvasida sintetis yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Tanaman yang dapat digunakan untuk larvasida alami salah satunya adalah daun tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) karena mengandung flavanoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, dan minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun tembakau terhadap mortalitas larva Anopheles aconitus dan dosis optimal ekstrak daun tembakau sebagai larvasida Anopheles aconitus. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan rancangan post test only with control group design, dengan 4 variasi konsentrasi 0,00875%, 0,0175%, 0,035%, 0,07%, 1 kontrol negatif (aquadest dan CMC) dan 1 kontrol positif (abate), dilakukan 4 kali pengulangan dengan pengamatan tiap 6 jam sekali selama 24 jam. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara ekstrak daun tembakau kematian larva Anopheles aconitus (p= 0,000). Hasil uji Post Hoc Mann-whitney, semua konsentrasi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan dibandingkan kontrol negatif, sedangkan kontrol positif dengan konsentrasi 0,07% tidak berbeda signifikan, menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi 0,07% memiliki potensi hampir dengan abate sebagai larvasida. Analisis probit LC50 pada 0,025% dan LT50 pada 9,877 jam. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun tembakau efektif dalam membunuh larva Anopheles aconitus.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Daun Tembakau, Anopheles aconitus, Larvasida, Malaria ABSTRACTAnopheles aconitus is a mosquito carrying malaria parasite (Plasmodium sp.). Malaria control depends on controlling the vector. The use of natural larvicides needs to be developed to reduce the negative impact of synthetic larvicides which can pollute the environment. One of the plants that can be used for natural larvicides is tobacco leaf (Nicotiana tabacum L.) because it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of tobacco leaf extract on the mortality of Anopheles aconitus larvae and the optimal dose of tobacco leaf extract as Anopheles aconitus larvae. This study is a laboratory experimental study with post test only with control group design, with 4 concentrations of 0.00875%, 0.0175%, 0.035%, 0.07%, 1 negative control (aquadest and CMC) and 1 positive control (abate) performed 4 repetitions with observations every 6 hours for 24 hours. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was a relationship between tobacco leaf extract and the death of Anopheles aconitus larvae (p= 0,000). Post-Hoc Mann-Whitney test results, all concentrations had significant differences compared to negative controls, while positive controls with a concentration of 0.07% did not differ significantly, indicating that a concentration of 0.07% had the potential to be nearly as abate as larvicide. The LC50 probit analysis was 0.025% and LT50 was 9.877 hours. So it can be concluded that tobacco leaf extract is effective in killing Anopheles aconitus larvae.Keyword: Tobacco Leaf Extract, Anopheles aconitus, Larvasida, Malaria

WIF1 Qualitative-Methylation from Peripheral Blood Could Not Be Used as Biomarker for The Risk of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma or Smoking Behavior in Yogyakarta Panel Aditya Kurniawan; Erika Diana Risanti; Saihas Suhda; Hanggoro Tri Rinonce; Ery Kus Dwianingsih; Jajah Fachiroh
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 11, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v11i3.810

BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking plays an important role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk. The Wingless-related integration site (WNT) Inhibitory Factor 1 (WIF1) as one of the tumor suppressor gene (TSG), functions to control cell proliferation through suppression of WNT signaling pathway. WIF1 methylation is one of epigenetic mechanisms which causes overactivated of WNT pathway in NPC development. WIF1 methylation from buffy coat related to smoking status and NPC risk is not known yet.METHODS: This was a nested case-control study involving 39 newly diagnosed NPC patients and 40 healthy controls. All subjects were enrolled at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Subjects were male, with known smoking status, duration, and quantity of cigarette consumed. Parallel DNA isolated from buffy coat was used for WIF1 DNA methylation analysis, by using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) method. Chi-square analysis was used to determine distribution of differences among groups. Two tailed p-value≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.RESULTS: No significant difference between WIF1 methylation of cases and controls (p=0.30), nor smoking habit among smokers (p=0.51) and non-smokers (p=0.43).CONCLUSION: WIF1 methylation from buffy coat could not be used as an NPC marker nor as a smoking behavior marker.KEYWORDS: buffy coat, cigarette smoking, methylation, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, WIF1

Association of Peripheral Blood RASSF1A and CDKN2A Methylation Status with Smoking Behaviour in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Erika Diana Risanti; Aditya Kurniawan; Laila Wahyuningsih; Ery Kus Dwianingsih; Hanggoro Tri Rinonce; Jajah Fachiroh
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v10i2.381

BACKGROUND: Hypermethylation of RASSF1A and CDKN2A is one of epigenetic factor underlies nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development. Smoking behavior as an NPC’s risk factor causes aberrant DNA methylation. RASSF1A and CDKN2A promoter hypermethylation from peripheral blood cells correlates with smoking behavior. The use of body fluids including peripheral blood as a specimen for DNA methylation analyzes are widely developed, as less invasive method compared to the use of tissue biopsy. This study aims to observe the association between RASSF1A and CDKN2A methylation in peripheral blood and smoking behavioramong NPC patients.METHODS: Newly diagnosed NPC subjects were recruited from ear-nose-throat (ENT) outpatient clinic of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. DNA from buffycoat of 19 smokers and 20 non-smokers NPC’s patients were isolated. Bisulphite modification was applied to 500 ng of the isolated DNA. The methylation status was detected by MSP (methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)). The association between smoking status and promoter hypermethylation was analysis using Chi-Square test.RESULTS: MSP analysis of RASSF1A showed that 68.42% smoker and 75% non-smoker NPC’s patients were methylated. MSP analysis of CDKN2A showed that 21.05% smoker and 25% non-smoker NPC’s patients were methylated. There was no association between smoking behavior with RASSF1A and CDKN2A methylation (p>0.05).CONCLUSION: Statistical analysis showed that smoking behavior is not associated with methylation of RASSF1A and CDKN2A among NPC’s patients.KEYWORDS: DNA methylation, CDKN2A, RASSF1A, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Smoking

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