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Evaluasi Kinerja Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPA) Universitas Andalas Komala, Puti Sri; Nur, Ansiha; Fitria, Irna Rosa
Dampak Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.7-17.2024

Universitas Andalas Water Treatment Plant (WTP Unand) is a water treatment plant that serves the drinking water needs of Universitas Andalas with a 90 L/second capacity. WTP Unand has been operating for decades so it is necessary to evaluate the performance and operation of the drinking water treatment system to ensure the quantity and quality of the treated water. This study aims to measure the performance of the Unand WTP unit, analyze the quality of production water produced based on Permenkes No.2/2023 standards for drinking water quality parameters, and analyze the design of the Unand WTP at development discharge. The future flow rate is determined based on the Master Plan of Universitas Andalas in 2030. Based on the analysis of current water demand (year 2023), the flow rate distributed is insufficient. Of the existing water treatment units in WTP Unand, only the Slow Sand Filter (SSF) unit meets the design criteria of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 3981: 2008, while the WTP package unit and the Rapid Sand Filter (SPC) unit do not meet the design criteria according to SNI 6774: 2008 at existing and future flow rates. The water quality analysis of WTP Unand found that Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), turbidity, and Total Coliform parameters did not meet the quality standards. The omission of coagulation and disinfection is one of the reasons why some water quality parameters are not compliant. Evaluation of the design criteria of the WTP unit at an increased discharge of 32 L/sec was not fulfilled, so further resizing and redesign of the treatment unit were required.Keywords:Â Drinking Water Quality, Evaluation, Performance, Water Treatment Plant (WTP)Â ABSTRAKInstalasi Pengolahan Air Universitas Andalas (IPA Unand) merupakan instalasi pengolahan air yang melayani kebutuhan air bersih Universitas Andalas dengan kapasitas 90 L/detik. IPA Unand sudah beroperasi beberapa dekade sehingga perlu dilakukannya evaluasi kinerja serta operasional sistem pengolahan air minum untuk menjamin kuantitas dan kualitas air yang diolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur kinerja unit IPA Unand, analisis kualitas air produksi yang dihasilkan berdasarkan standar Permenkes No.2/2023 untuk parameter kualitas air minum dan analisis desain IPA Unand pada debit pengembangan. Debit pengembangan ditentukan berdasarkan Master Plan Universitas Andalas di tahun 2030. Berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan air Universitas Andalas eksisting, debit aliran air yang didistribusikan masih tidak mencukupi kebutuhan. Dari unit-unit pengolahan air yang ada di IPA Unand, hanya unit Saringan Pasir Lambat (SPL) yang memenuhi kriteria desain SNI 3981:2008, sementara pada unit paket IPA dan pada unit Saringan Pasir Cepat (SPC) tidak memenuhi kriteria disain menurut SNI 6774:2008 pada debit eksisting maupun pengembangan. Hasil analisis kualitas air pengolahan IPA Unand ditemukan parameter Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), kekeruhan, dan Total Coliform tidak memenuhi baku mutu. Tidak dilakukannya koagulasi dan desinfeksi merupakan salah satu alasan mengapa beberapa parameter kualitas air tidak memenuhi syarat. Evaluasi kriteria desain unit IPA pada peningkatan debit sebesar 32 L/detik tidak terpenuhi, sehingga diperlukan perubahan dimensi dan desain ulang unit pengolahan lebih lanjut.Kata kunci:Â Evaluasi, Kinerja, Kualitas Air Minum, Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA)

Characterization of Wastewater in The University Campus: A Case Study in Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Ruslinda, Yenni; Nur, Ansiha; Komala, Puti Sri; Leni, Leni; Regia, Rinda Andhita; Mardatillah, Regina
Dampak Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.18-26.2024

This study aims to analyze wastewater characteristics at Universitas Andalas Campus Limau Manis Padang encompassing physical, chemical, and biological attributes, while comparing them to established quality standards and estimating mass loading. Wastewater samples were collected from various sources, including domestic and specific wastewater. Sampling locations and times were chosen based on peak activity. Physical analysis revealed temperature ranging from 27.32 to 31.5Â°C and TSS concentrations from 130.00 to 580.00 mg/L. Chemical parameters displayed significant variation, with pH values between 2.27 and 9.70, BOD5Â concentrations spanning 108.46 to 506.59 mg/L, COD levels from 162.70 to 1,428.00 mg/L, and oil and grease content from 0.20 to 84.31 mg/L. N-total ranged from 47.07 to 309.16 mg/L, sulfate from 72.70 to 1,480.00 mg/L, and phosphate from 1.14 to 98.15 mg/L. Biological attributes showed total coliform counts exceeding 10,000 colonies per 1,000 mL, all surpassing quality standards. Notably, the BOD5/COD ratio indicated low biodegradable quality (values <0.5) for certain wastewater sources. Greywater emerged as the primary pollutant, with substantial mass loadings. Eventually, this study underscores the vital need for wastewater treatment before environmental discharge.Keywords:Â Characteristics, Domestic Wastewater, Campus, Quality Standards, Hazardous WastewateÂ

Evaluasi Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik Gedung Kuliah Bersama Universitas Andalas Saputri Sihombing, Wildani; Andika Putra, Syawal; Nur, Ansiha Ir.; Ruslinda, Yenni
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.1.10-18.2025

Domestic wastewater management on university campuses is a crucial aspect of supporting sustainable development. As a center of academic and non-academic activities, Universitas Andalas produces a significant volume of domestic wastewater from the daily activities of its 31,549 academic community members as of 2023. One of its key facilities is the Shared Lecture Building complex, consisting of 10 buildings (A–J), which applies a separated wastewater management system: greywater from floor drains and washbasins is discharged directly into the nearest drainage, while blackwater from toilets is channeled into septic tanks. Currently, Universitas Andalas lacks comprehensive data and planning related to its Domestic Wastewater Management System (SPALD), despite Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 requiring domestic wastewater to be safely treated before discharge into water bodies. This study aims to evaluate and provide recommendations for an effective and efficient SPALD, specifically for the Shared Lecture Buildings. The method used involves field observations to collect data on the existing conditions. The results show that of the 19 septic tanks observed, 36.84% did not meet vent pipe requirements, 21.05% did not follow the appropriate desludging interval, and 42.11% lacked inspection openings. Furthermore, the effluent from these septic tanks is directly discharged into drainage channels without further treatment, posing a risk of contamination to surrounding water bodies and groundwater. This study is expected to serve as a basis for improving septic tank systems in accordance with SNI 2398:2017, so that wastewater management at Universitas Andalas can operate more optimally and sustainably. Keyword: domestic wastewater; blackwater; greywater; SPALD; Universitas Andalas

Assessing Carbon Carrying Capacity of Forest Ecosystem: A Case Study in West Sumatera Province Rahmadini, Shintia
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.1.1-9.2025

All attempts have been taken by majority nations to reduce and invent the greenhouse gases (GHG) emission, but none of them provide any quantitative framework to assess ecosystem capacity for carrying carbon. To measure ecosystem boundaries to offset carbon and how far the emission has exceeded beyond them, this paper aims to calculate the carbon carrying capacity and evaluate its availability to sequester CO2 emission in a certain area. Considering forests, the major carbon reservoir to be the key ecosystem and taking West Sumatera Province in Indonesia as the case study, the Carbon Carrying Capacity (CCC) assessment is conducted with ecological footprint concept through carbon capacity surplus-deficit. The results show the forest CCC was fluctuated which were the highest 3.9 million ton in 2016 and the lowest 2.4 million ton in 2019, and primary mangrove land cover was the biggest carbon sequesters for 114 ton C/ha every year. The forest CCC was dominantly deficit which interpreted as limited and unavailable forest capacity to offset carbon emission. To improve forest CCC, forest area needs to be conserved, also develop low-carbon and green economic transformation to reduce GHG emission. The local society can take role to conserve the forest through customary laws application, then the government ought to plan spatial strategies through limiting land use for the primary forest and prohibiting mangrove and swamp forest conversion, also monitor, control and make legal approach to achieve national targets on reducing CO2 emission.

Application of Batch Electrocoagulation for Pollutant Removal in Tapioca Wastewater: An Environmental Engineering Approach for Sustainable Water Treatment Solutions Fajar, Mutiara; Putra, Afrinaldi; Munandar, Andika; Lutfi Setia Putri, Shabrina; Utami, Resarizki
Dampak Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.1.15-22.2024

Tapioca wastewater is rich in organic compounds, leading to high levels of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and TSS (Total Suspended Solids). When these concentrations exceed regulatory standards, they can cause significant water pollution, which may indirectly affect human health. Therefore, it is essential to treat tapioca wastewater before discharging it into water bodies. Electrocoagulation is a promising treatment method for this purpose, as it can effectively remove contaminants through coagulation, separation, and sedimentation of fine particles using electrical energy. This study evaluated the efficiency of COD and TSS removal from tapioca wastewater using an aluminium electrode with voltage variations of 10, 20, and 30 volts. Initial concentrations of COD and TSS in the untreated wastewater were measured at 641 mg/L and 382 mg/L, respectively. Optimal removal rates were achieved at 20 volts, with reduction efficiencies of 79.5% for COD and 82.7% for TSS. Statistical analysis using ANOVA indicated a significant impact of voltage variations on COD and TSS removal efficiency, with a p-value < 0.05 and an F-value greater than the critical F-value. These findings demonstrate that electrocoagulation, particularly at an optimal voltage of 20 volts, effectively reduces the COD and TSS levels in tapioca wastewater, suggesting its potential application as an environmentally friendly solution for industrial wastewater treatment.

Efektivitas Kombinasi Zeolit dan Batu Apung dalam Menurunkan Konsentrasi Besi (Fe) pada Air Tanah: Studi Kasus di Pidada, Kecamatan Panjang, Bandar Lampung Dalimunthe, Sahriwani; Fajar, Mutiara; Noor Azizah, Rifka
Dampak Vol. 21 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.21.2.27-33.2024

Water is a very important component for all life on earth. Iron is a heavy metal, and levels can be dangerous if they exceed threshold levels. Preliminary tests show that Fe in well water is 1.66 mg/l. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of removal of iron (Fe) contained in well water using a combination of zeolite – pumice adsorbent media. One method that can be used to set aside iron (Fe) parameters in well water is the adsorption method. The adsorption process was carried out continuously with downflow for 150 minutes with sampling every 30 minutes for analysis with a Hach DR 1900 series spectrophotometer. Based on the results of the FTIR characterization analysis of zeolite adsorbents it was indicated that the functional groups were O–H hydroxy stretching vibrations, O-H bending vibrations, stretching vibrations. asymmetric Si-O-Si or Al-O-Al and symmetrical stretching vibration Si-O-Si or Al-O-Al. While the pumice adsorbent before and after being activated, there was a shift in wave numbers with the same functional groups, namely the O-H, C=O, Si-O and Al/Si-O bond groups. Of the five treatments, it is known that treatment V (ZEO30-AP70) is the most effective treatment in reducing Fe levels in well water with a removal efficiency of 98% in the 90th minute and the suitable isotherm model is the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0, 000739809 mg/g. Keywords: Well water, adsorption, zeolite, pumice

Analisis Dan Rekayasa Kebisingan Akibat Aktivitas Alat Transportasi Kereta Api Pada Permukiman (Studi Kasus: Jalur Kereta Api Stasiun Alai-Air Tawar) Filzah Asri, Alifia; Surtia Bachtiar, Vera; Ayu Lestari, Resti; Ridwan, Ridwan
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.1.19-35.2025

Domestic wastewater management on university campuses is a crucial aspect of supporting sustainable development. As a center of academic and non-academic activities, Universitas Andalas produces a significant volume of domestic wastewater from the daily activities of its 31,549 academic community members as of 2023. One of its key facilities is the Shared Lecture Building complex, consisting of 10 buildings (A–J), which applies a separated wastewater management system: greywater from floor drains and washbasins is discharged directly into the nearest drainage, while blackwater from toilets is channeled into septic tanks. Currently, Universitas Andalas lacks comprehensive data and planning related to its Domestic Wastewater Management System (SPALD), despite Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 requiring domestic wastewater to be safely treated before discharge into water bodies. This study aims to evaluate and provide recommendations for an effective and efficient SPALD, specifically for the Shared Lecture Buildings. The method used involves field observations to collect data on the existing conditions. The results show that of the 19 septic tanks observed, 36.84% did not meet vent pipe requirements, 21.05% did not follow the appropriate desludging interval, and 42.11% lacked inspection openings. Furthermore, the effluent from these septic tanks is directly discharged into drainage channels without further treatment, posing a risk of contamination to surrounding water bodies and groundwater. This study is expected to serve as a basis for improving septic tank systems in accordance with SNI 2398:2017, so that wastewater management at Universitas Andalas can operate more optimally and sustainably. Keyword: domestic wastewater; blackwater; greywater; SPALD; Universitas Andalas

Studi Potensi Serapan Karbon dan Nilai Ekonomi dari Inisiatif Penghijauan di PT PLN Indonesia Power Pangkalan Susu PGU Muhammad Adli; Isra Suryati; Utami, Rahmi; Anggia Sari, Yasmine; Setyowati, Lies; Lubis, Affandi; Zulkarnain, Randy
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.1.45-55.2025

Pemanasan global menjadi permasalahan krusial yang berdampak terhadap lingkungan, terutama disebabkanolehemisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) dari sektor energi. PT PLN Indonesia Power Pangkalan Susu PGU, sebagai pembangkit listrik berbahan bakar batubara, bertanggung jawab mengurangi dampak lingkungan dari operasional PLTU. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi potensi serapan karbon dari program penghijauan PT PLN Indonesia Power Pangkalan Susu PGU serta nilai ekonominya. Metode yang digunakan adalah persamaan allometrik untuk mengukur serapan karbon dan perhitungan nilai ekonomi dengan metode proxy good technique. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi potensi serapan karbon dan nilai ekonomi dari program penghijauan di lokasi operasional (8,57 ha) dan lokasimangrove (2 ha) di Desa Pasar Rawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total serapan karbon mencapai 1.231,06 tonCO2 per tahun dengan nilai ekonomi sebesar 12.310,68 USD dolar atau sekitar Rp201.895.152,00 per tahun, berdasarkanharga pasar karbon sebesar 10 dolar per ton CO2. Meskipun memberikan manfaat lingkungan dan nilai ekonomi, programini masih defisit dalam memenuhi persetujuan teknis batas atas emisi (PTBAE) yang ditetapkan oleh KementerianESDM. Untuk memenuhi target emisi pada tahun 2024, diperlukan pengurangan sebesar 353.744,58 ton CO2e yangmembutuhkan lebih luas lagi lahan penghijauan. Kata Kunci: emisi gas rumah kaca, nilai ekonomi karbon, pemanasan global, penghijauan, serapan karbon

Potensi Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Sawit (TKS) Sebagai Green Biosorben Yenie, Elvi; Darmayanti, Lita; Martina, Atria; Priscilia P Girsang, Yemima; Desce P Simarmata, Stella
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.1.36-44.2025

Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is an organic compost medium produced from the mushroom cultivation process. The chemical composition of SMS includes 22.86% cellulose, 19.71% hemicellulose, and 10.24% lignin. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal biosorbent mass for lead (Pb) heavy metal biosorption and to analyze the characteristics of the best biosorbent using tests such as SEM, BET, XRD, FTIR, and lignocellulosic tests. The constant variables used are a contact time of 30 minutes, a stirring speed of 150 rpm, and a biosorbent size of 100 mesh. The variable to be tested is the biosorbent mass (0.5, 1, 1.5) grams. The results showed that the highest removal occurred with a biosorbent mass of 0.5 grams, with a biosorption capacity of 1.160 mg/g and an efficiency of 65%. SMS has rough, cracked, porous, and fragmented pores, with a surface area of 1.4666 m²/g, a pore size of 43.1569 Å, and a crystallinity degree of 1.89% from 5.30%. The lignin content is 13.93%, hemicellulose 9.25%, and cellulose 16.15%, while FTIR testing indicates the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, and phosphate groups. Keyword: Heavy Metal Pb, biosorption, characterization, Spent Mushroom Substrate

Karakterisasi Air Kondensat AC sebagai Sumber Air Alternatif Sri Komala, Puti; Ruslinda, Yenni; Nur, Ansiha; Mardatillah, Regina; Salsabila, Srideva
Dampak Vol. 22 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/dampak.22.1.61-67.2025

This study analyzes the potential to reuse AC condensate water in Andalas University. The research was conducted in the Rectorate Building, the Civil Engineering Department, and the Environmental Engineering Department. AC condensate water sampling was conducted in 8 locations from the Rectorate, Civil Engineering, and Environmental Engineering office buildings. The parameters analyzed were pH, DO, Turbidity, COD, Metals, E.coli, and Total Coliform. Water quality was compared with the Minister of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023, World Health Organization (WHO) for Drinking Water Quality Standards and Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021 concerning implementing Environmental Protection and Management. The results of water quality testing show that in addition to the parameters of pH, DO, Turbidity, COD, and Metals that have met the quality standards, the levels of iron (Fe), COD, and Total Coliform exceed the quality standards of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023. Used AC water is not recommended for consumption as drinking water. However, condensate AC water can be used for several activities, such as watering plants, cleaning floors and specific areas, and flushing toilets. The AC condensate water characterization results show that iron (Fe), COD, and Total Coliform parameters exceed the quality standards for drinking water requirements. AC condensate water is not recommended for consumption as drinking water without prior treatment. Used AC water can be utilized for several activities, such as watering plants, cleaning the floor, and cleaning the toilet. Keyword: condensate water; office building; potential; water source

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