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Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease

IJTID
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20851103 EISSN : 23560991 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.

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Articles 5 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)" : 5 Documents clear

PREVALENCE OF HELMINTH EGGS IN CAT FECES CONTAMINATING PUBLIC AREAS IN SURABAYA Wahyudi, Nurul Tri; Suwanti, Lucia Tri; Kusnoto, Kusnoto; Mumpuni, Sri; Yudaniayanti, Ira Sari; Mafruchati, Maslichah
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Helminthiasis can be transmitted from animals to humans (zoonosis). Helminthiasis can cause cutaneus larva migrants, visceral larva migrant, and occular larva migrants. Cats are the most easily animals can found in public areas. cats have a habit of defecating in areas, such as dusty soil, gardens, sand pits, trash cans, and even children's playgrounds. Proximity of human life with a stray cats is one of the potential that can helminthiasis transmited to humans. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of helminth eggs (species and number) observed in cat feces contaminating public areas in Surabaya. Cross-sectional study have been observations cats existense and examination laboratory of 180 cat fecal samples were collected from canteens, markets, villages, schools, and parks across 5 areas in Surabaya. Helminth eggs present in fecal samples were identified using direct smear, sedimentation, and flotation methodes, and quantified as fecal egg count (eggs per gram of feces) with McMasster method. The test results positive for helminthiasis if found one or more types of helminth eggs in fecal samples. Helminth eggs were present in 68 (37.8%) of the 180 cat fecal samples contaminating public areas in Surabaya. Results of chi-squared analysis confirmed the prevalence of helminth eggs in cat fecal samples contaminating canteen, markets, villages, schools, and parks in Surabaya (p > 0.05). The species causing environmental contamination included Ancylostoma sp. eggs, Toxocara cati eggs, and Toxascaris leonina eggs. The level of environmental contamination, as assessed using ANOVA, was 200 eggs per gram of feces.

MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF SARCOPTES SCABIEI VAR. CUNICULI FROM SURABAYA AND MALANG REGIONS OF EAST JAVA Desiandura, Kurnia; Lastuti, Nunuk Dyah Retno; Suwanti, Lucia Tri; Handijatno, Didik
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Scabies is a zoonotic skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei mites. As an emerging/re-emerging parasitic disease, scabies represents a significant global threat to both human and animal health. Numerous cases of scabies in Indonesia have been reported, which support research on the prevalence of S. scabiei. However, most such studies have involved conventional morphological studies, with limited molecular diagnostic studies. The purpose of the present study was the genetic characterization of S. scabiei var. cuniculi in domestic rabbits to generate baseline genotypic data. S. scabiei var. cuniculi was isolated and identified from scabies-infected rabbits from the Surabaya and Malang regions of East Java. Molecular identification was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using specific primers targeting the COX1 gene. We performed COX1 PCR using rabbit isolates of S. scabiei from Indonesia. To the best of our knowledge, no such study had been reported previously. This study was performed in the Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the Tropical Disease Diagnostic Center Laboratory, Universitas Airlangga. The results with agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a 289 bp PCR product amplified from the DNA of S. scabiei isolates from both Surabaya and Malang in accordance with the expected COX1 amplicon size, that indicated a single band 289 bp in length, demonstrating specific detection of S. scabiei var. cuniculi from Surabaya and Malang using COX1 primers. The results were consistent with the calculated amplicon size based on primer positions within the COX1 locus, with the forward primer spanning nucleotides 61–94, and the reverse primer spanning nucleotides 331–350 ( 350 âˆ’ 61 = 289 bp). PCR genotyping of the isolates yielded an identical nucleotide length of 289 bp. Further studies are required to sequence the amplified fragments for homology assessment.

LOW CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT RELATED RISK TO Pneumocystis jiroveci PNEUMONIA IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS FROM BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE SPECIMENS USING REAL TIME PCR DETECTION Widya, Alicia Margaretta; Mertaniasih, Ni Made; Kawilarang, Arthur Pohan; Marhana, Isnin Anang
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

HIV and opportunistic infections remain a big problem especially in developing country. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is a prevalent infection in HIV infected patient with high mortality rate. Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is mainly based on clinical evidence. Microbiological diagnosis is quite challenging since this microorganism cannot be cultured and is mainly based on microscopic examination. Microscopic examination with special staining is still a gold standard diagnosis for P. jiroveci infection.The objectives of this study was to describe CD4 lymphocyte profile and establish microbiological diagnosis with recent molecular method in PJP suspected HIV positive patients. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy of HIV infected patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Dr. Soetomo general hospital Surabaya were performed to collect bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from December 2016 to April 2017 for identification of Pneumocystis jiroveci using real time PCR assay. Positive samples were then evaluated for microscopic examination with Gommori Methenamine Silver staining for comparison. Patient's CD4 lymphocyte count were gathered prior of admission. CD4 lymphocyte count from this study were very low with 61% of the patients were below 50 cells/ µL. There were five of total thirteen patients (38,5%) with positive real time PCR assay (MSG gene) and one patient was also positive with GMS staining showing characteristic cysts shape with dark centered area of P. jiroveci. Patient with positive microscopic examination showed no history of prophylactic therapy. Low CD4 lymphocyte count remains a strong risk factor of P. jiroveci pneumonia in HIV/AIDS patients. Real time PCR assay shows high value in detection of P. jiroveci regarding patient's prophylactic status.

INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF COBALT(II)–MORIN COMPLEX AGAINST THE REPLICATION OF DENGUE VIRUS TYPE 2 Sucipto, Teguh Hari; Churrotin, Siti; Setyawati, Harsasi Setyawati; Mulyatno, Kris Cahyo; Amarullah, Ilham Harlan; Ueda, Shuhai; Kotaki, Tomohiro; Sumarsih, Sri; Wardhani, Puspa; Bendryman, Sri Subekti; Aryati, Aryati; Soegijanto, Soegeng; Kameoka, Masanori
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Dengue virus (DENV) is a significant pathogen emerging worldwide as a cause of infectious disease. Antidengue treatments are urgently required to control the emergence of dengue. DENV is a mosquito-borne disease responsible for acute systemic diseases and serious health conditions. DENVs were distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical areas and transmitted to humans by Aedes agypty and Aedes albopictus. Dengue vaccine or antiviral has not yet been clinically approved for humans, even though there have been great efforts toward this end. Antiviral activity against DENV is an important alternative for the characterization and development of drugs. Metal–organic compounds were reported to exhibit fungicidal, bactericidal, and antiviral activities its inhibitory activity was not significant, at high concentration it was more toxic to replicating cells than to stationary cell monolayers of Vero cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the antiviral effects of Cobalt(II)–Morin complex. This compound was further investigated for its inhibitory effect on the replication of DENV-2 in Vero cells. The replication of DENV was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the value of selectivity index (SI). SI was determined as the ratio of the 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) to the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). The IC50 value of the Cobalt(II)–Morin complex for DENV-2 was 3.08 µg/ml, and the CC50 value of the complex for Vero cells was 3.36 µg/ml; thus, the SI value was 1.09. The results of this study demonstrate the antidengue serotype 2 inhibitory activity of Cobalt(II)–Morin complex and its high toxicity in Vero cells. Further studies are not required before Co(II)–Morin can be applied in the treatment of DENV-2 infections.

A REVIEW ON THE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF Rennellia elliptica Korth Osman, Che Puteh; Ismail, Nor Hadiani
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Rennellia elliptica, popularly dubbed as Malaysian Ginseng, is widely used in traditional medicine among the local Jakun community in Endau-Rompin State Park, Pahang, Malaysia. The decoction of the roots is traditionally taken for treatment of body aches, as postpartum tonic, as aphrodisiac and for the treatment of jaundice. In the effort of searching new botanical drugs and drug candidates from tropical rainforest, the team from this laboratory had conducted a sizeable phytochemical and biological screening program of tropical plant at Endau Rompin State Park, Pahang with the help from the indigenous people. R. elliptica showed strong antiplasmodial activity in vitro with the IC50 value of 4.04µg/mL. The comprehensive study on the root extract of R. elliptica in this laboratory yielded seventeen compounds from four different classes, including 2 new pyranoanthraquinones, one new anthraquinone, eleven known anthraquinones, one lactone triterpenoid, one coumarin and one phenolic acid. The chemical profile of the root extract was established using HPLC and the selected marker compounds were used as external standards and quantified using standard calibration curve. Nordamnacanthal 5, damnacanthal 7, 2-formyl-3-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone 6, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone 11 and 1,2-dimethoxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone 3 were determined at 3.57, 10.32, 4.47, 12.18 and 4.09 µg/g, respectively. Owing to the toxicity of dichloromethane, the extraction of the desired marker compounds was attempted using accelerated solvent extraction and soxhlet extraction using ethanol and water at different compositions. R. elliptica root extract and the isolated anthraquinones showed potential antiplasmodial activity, and the active compounds were probed for their mode of action. In addition, the dichloromethane root extract of R. elliptica and the selected anthraquinones were screened for anticancer, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities as well as toxicity study in vitro. The review summarizes the findings on Rennellia elliptica which includes phytochemistry, toxicity and its biological activities. The chemotaxonomic significance of Rennellia elliptica is also discussed

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