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agriTECH
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02160455     EISSN : 25273825     DOI : 10.22146/agritech
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,380 Documents
 127   128   129   130   131 
Pengembangan Sistem Otomatisasi pH Larutan Nutrisi pada Hidroponik Sistem DFT (Deep Flow Technique) Berbasis IOT Renny Eka Putri; Afifah Khainur; Andasuryani Andasuryani
agriTECH Vol 43, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.71305

Abstract

 Hidroponik merupakan teknik budidaya di bidang pertanian yang sesuai dengan keadaan saat ini, terutama di Indonesia dimana lahan pertanian semakin menyusut akibat ekspansi industri. Teknik budidaya ini menggunakan air sebagai media tanam dan efektif pada lahan terbatas. Meskipun hidroponik meminimalkan perawatan yang dibutuhkan tanaman, pemantauan rutin terhadap larutan nutrisi tetap penting. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan sistem pemantauan dan pengendalian larutan nutrisi hidroponik DFT berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) pada kangkung. Sistem kendali yang digunakan adalah sensor pH sebagai pendeteksi nilai pH larutan, Arduino Uno sebagai mikrokontroler, modul ESP 8266 sebagai modul wifi, dan aplikasi Blynk sebagai platform IoT dan kontrol PID. Hasil kalibrasi sensor pH dengan membandingkan nilai sensor pH dengan pH meter pada larutan buffer memberikan nilai R 2 sebesar 0,9997, sedangkan nilai sensor pH selama 18 hari memberikan nilai R 2 sebesar 0,9908 dengan hasil error sebesar 0,274%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sensor pH bekerja dengan baik dan akurat. Pengontrol PID sistem ini adalah Kp=2. 1; Ki = 0,05; dan Kd = 0,03. Pemeriksaan kondisi pabrik di 60 tanaman (30 kangkung dengan sistem kendali dan 30 kangkung tanpa sistem kendali). Pengamatan pada 18 hari setelah tanam (HSS) menunjukkan bahwa kubis dengan sistem kontrol memiliki tinggi batang 40,50 cm dan 18 helai daun serta hasil 1,064 kg, sedangkan kangkung tanpa sistem kontrol memiliki tinggi batang 35,66 cm dan 16 helai daun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sistem pengendalian yang diterapkan pada tanaman kangkung hidroponik memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kangkung dibandingkan dengan tanaman kontrol.
Preliminary Study of Sonication Time for Extracting Natural Dye and Antioxidant from Sargassum duplicatum Ummi Roudhoh; Romadhon Romadhon; Ahmad Suhaeli Fahmi
agriTECH Vol 43, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.71404

Abstract

Sargassum duplicatum is a brown seaweed containing various chemical compounds with potential applications as a natural dye and antioxidant. These compounds include alginate, protein, vitamin C, tannins, iodine, phenols, and pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, fucoxanthin, xanthophyll, and carotene. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of varying extraction times on the color and antioxidant quality of Sargassum duplicatum extract. One of the methods used to extract Sargassum duplicatum is ultrasonication, which involves using ultrasonic waves to break down the cell walls of the material and facilitate efficient compound extraction. The extraction was carried out at 15 (A), 30 (B), and 45 minutes (C), with three repetitions for each treatment. The assessed parameters included yield calculation, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, and color intensity. Parametric data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD follow-up tests. The extraction process used an 80% ethanol solvent at 40 °C and a frequency of 42 kHz. This study employed an experimental laboratory approach using a completely randomized design (CRD) with different extraction times. The results showed significant differences (p<5%) in yield value, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, and color intensity of Sargassum duplicatum extract at different extraction times. The best results were obtained at 45 minutes, yielding 86.66%, with 9.62% total carotenoids, an IC50 value of 1241.02 ppm, and lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values of 4.44, -3.46, and 37.90, respectively.
Periode Toleran pada Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merill) dengan Tingkat Naungan yang Berbeda Gusmiatun Gusmiatun; Andika Hanafi; Neni Marlina
agriTECH Vol 43, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.72264

Abstract

 Penggunaan varietas toleran pada budidaya kedelai secara tumpang sari dengan tanaman pangan atau ditanaman sebagai sela pada perkebunan adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai nasional.  Namun demikian cara ini belum sepenuhnya dapat mengatasi masalah, karena intensitas cahaya yang diterima tanaman masih rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan periode waktu yang dipengaruhi oleh rendahnya intensitas cahaya pada tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merill) varietas toleran serta mengetahui penurunan produksi akibat penurunan intensitas cahaya karena naungan, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menentukan waktu tanam yang paling tepat  Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimen, tata letak dilapangan disusun menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split plot design), sebagai petak utama adalah naungan (N): N0 = Tanpa Naungan, N1 = Naungan 50%, N2 = Naungan 65%; sebagai anak petak adalah varietas toleran (V): V1 = Dena 1, V2 = Dena 2, V3 = Anjasmoro, dengan demikian terdapat 9 kombinasi perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali dengan menggunakan 5 tanaman contoh, sehingga terdapat 27 perlakuan dengan total 135 Polibeg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa periode pertumbuhan yang paling dipengaruhi oleh intensitas cahaya rendah dari varietas Dena-1, Dena-2, dan Anjasmoro adalah dari 30 hari setelah tanam. Penaungan mengakibatkan turunnya produksi biji kedelai, tanpa penungan tanaman dapat menghasilkan biji per tanaman seberat 63,62 g, pada penaungan 50% biji turun 33%, yaitu menghasilkan 47,51 g, selanjutnya pada penaungan 65% hasil biji menurun hingga 90,08%, yaitu menghasilkan 33,47 g.
Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil from Fresh, Wilted, and Dried Leaves of Holy Basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.) Planted in Yogyakarta Hetty Sri Mulyati; Rini Yanti; Supriyadi Supriyadi
agriTECH Vol 43, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.72545

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of drying and distillation time on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of essential oil from holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) leaves. The leaves were subjected to different drying treatments to obtain fresh, wilted, and dried samples. The microstructure tissue of the various treatment samples was observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Subsequently, essential oil was extracted using the water and steam distillation method for 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours. The distilled essential oil was tested for its physicochemical properties (specific gravity, refractive index, acid number, and solubility in alcohol), and the compound composition evaluation was carried out using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The antioxidant activity was then determined using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The results showed that the fresh leaves distillation for 5 hours produced the highest oil yield of 0.62%. The physicochemical properties were 0.986 g/ml specific gravity, 1.339 refractive index, 1.8 mg KOH/g acid value, and 1:1 solubility in alcohol. The major component of the product was methyl isoeugenol (20.50%), bete-element (15.07%), eugenol (13.59%), germacrene D (14.2%), and ylangene (7.46). The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that the essential oil of holy basil could be included in the powerful natural antioxidant category, with an IC50 value of 7,895 μg/mL.
Physical Properties and Consumer Acceptance of White Bread with The Substitution of Coconut Dregs and Avocado Seed Flour Winda Dwi Oktarini; Delsi Anjarwati; Ari Setiawan; Nabilla Dhiya Ulhaq; Desiana Nuriza Putri
agriTECH Vol 43, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.77899

Abstract

Analysis of the relationship between physical properties and consumer acceptance, which is commonly influenced by sensory properties is crucial in delivering a high-quality food product. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of physical properties, including hardness, adhesiveness, dough expansion, specific volume, color intensity (L*, a*, b*, and °hue), browning index, and analysis of consumer acceptance by employing Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. The analysis focused on high-fiber white bread made by substituting coconut dregs and avocado seed flour with different ratios, denoted as P0 (control), P1 (90% wheat flour: 5% coconut dregs flour: 5% avocado seed flour), P2 (85% wheat flour: 10% coconut dregs flour: 5% avocado seed flour), P3 (80% wheat flour: 15% coconut dregs flour: 5% avocado seed flour), P4 (75% wheat flour: 20% coconut dregs flour: 5% avocado seed flour), and P5 (70% wheat flour: 25% coconut dregs flour: 5% avocado seed flour). The results showed that consumer preferences had a positive correlation with the physical properties of white bread, including hardness, adhesiveness, dough expansion, specific volume, as well as colors L*, and °hue, while, a*, b*, and had a negative correlation with the browning index. The circular correlation analysis between physical properties and consumer acceptance indicated that the substitution of 25% coconut dregs flour and 5% avocado seed flour in white bread was accepted by consumers.
Cover Vol. 43 No. 3 Cover Vol. 43 No. 3
agriTECH Vol 43, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.89416

Abstract

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Feasibility Analysis of VCO Conventional Production Process Anwardi, Anwardi; Abdillah, Hafiz; Kusumanto, Ismu; Harpito, Harpito
agriTECH Vol 44, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.56814

Abstract

The economic uncertainty of the Inhil community is influenced by the fluctuating coconut price, which is the main source of income. This uncertainty necessitates derivative products that can be made and processed easily, such as Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). Many types of VCO have been marketed, and produced from different raw materials. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the feasibility of conventional VCO production businesses and examine sensitive indicators from each aspect. Business feasibility analysis parameters include market and marketing, technical, management and human resources (HR), legal, and financial aspects. Feasibility index was calculated using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method and all aspects were declared feasible. The feasibility index for each aspect showed a score of 53.28%, 60.91%, 65%, 40%, and 74.83% for technical, manager, HR, legal, and financial aspects, respectively, with a general score of 83.50%.
The Effect of Various Drying Methods on the Quality of Rose (Rosa damascena) Tea Karyadi, Joko Nugroho Wahyu; Imaniar, Dintia Ibni; Akbar, Muhammad Adani; Marfu’ah, Siti; Ayuni, Dwi; Bintoro, Nursigit
agriTECH Vol 44, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.64918

Abstract

Rose petals is potential ingredient for making a herbal tea. This study was aimed to determine the effect of various drying methods on the physical and chemical properties of the dried rose. The methods tested were freeze drying (FD), cabinet drying (CD), and sunlight drying (SM). Several properties included final moisture content, bulk density, shrinkage ratio, rehydration ratio, color difference, flavonoid content, and surface microstructure of dried petals were examined. The results showed that the best-fit model for the prediction of CD was the firstorder kinetic model, with a drying rate constant of 0.0494% d.b./h. Meanwhile, both FD and SM required zero and first-order kinetics to effectively explain the drying characteristics. The drying constant rates for zero-order and first-order kinetics were 39.544 and 0.12% d.b./h for FD as well as 70.6 and 0.413%d.b./h for SM, respectively. The final moisture content of dried rose produced by FD, CD, and SM was 5, 12, and 10% wet basis (w.b), respectively. Based on the Indonesian National Standard, the maximum moisture content of packaged dried tea is 8% w.b. FD successfully reduced the shrinkage ratio to a range of 0.35 – 0.45. Freeze-dried rose petals at 40 °C temperature resulted in the highest flavonoid content of 5.65 g QE/100 g sample. In conclusion FD was the best drying method for producing herbal tea from rose petals. This method could be adopted as a new alternative for producing high-quality healthy herbal tea.
Characteristics of Nori Moringa Leaves with Suweg (Amorphophallus campanulatus) Starch Addition Rahmawati Rahmawati; Nur Mu’awwinatun
agriTECH Vol 43, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.68612

Abstract

Nori is a thin sheet made from dried Porphyra seaweed, which grows only in subtropical climates, posing challenges to its availability in Indonesia. To address this limitation, diversification of nori with other ingredients such as moringa leaves becomes imperative. Moringa leaves are used due to their green color, high nutritional content, and easy availability. A binder and gel-forming agent containing high amylopectin are also needed to achieve a high-quality and compact nori texture. Suweg is an underutilized gel-forming agent with high amylopectin content. Therefore, this research aimed to characterize moringa leaf nori supplemented with suweg starch (Amorphophallus campanulatus) at concentrations of 0%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%, and 5%. The results indicated that suweg starch influenced tensile strength, thickness, water content, water activity, ash content, and protein, as well as sensory tests for color, aroma, brittleness, and taste, while crude fiber content was not affected. Based on sensory, physical, and chemical tests the best nori was achieved with the addition of 1.25% suweg starch. The result of characterization of this nori included a tensile strength of 355.90 gf, thickness 0.0145 mm, water content 15.50%, water activity value 0.645, ash content 15.30%, protein content 9.88%, and crude fiber of 2.18%. The sensory evaluation showed that the nori had a green color (3.1), a subtle leafy aroma (3.1), slightly broken (2.9), and a slightly bitter taste (3.2) with preference scores categorized as preferred (3.5), slightly favored (3.3), favored (3.7), and moderately liked by the panelists (score 3.3), respectively. The resulting nori has a thinner thickness and lower tensile strength than commercial products
Extraction and Characterization of Glucomannan from Porang (Amorphopallus oncophyllus) with Size Variations of Porang Mella Nur Anissa; Sri Rahayoe; Eni Harmayani; Kamila Nikmatul Ulya
agriTECH Vol 43, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/agritech.68886

Abstract

Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) is a tuber plant with high economic value as a raw material for making glucomannan. In this context, glucomannan possesses soluble properties, enabling the material to form a gel and contribute to thickening used in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. The extraction process uses porang harvested at the age of 3 years, with a size ranging from 10 to 20 cm. Even though the content is established, crucial information regarding the yield and different physical properties, such as viscosity, moisture content, and whiteness, remains unknown. Further analysis on glucomannan extraction should be performed with different age variations, before and after 3 years, namely 1 year, 2 years, and 4 years. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and test the porang effects of various ages on the yield and physical properties of glucomannan, including viscosity, moisture content, and whiteness. The glucomannan extraction process included heating, filtering, 1:1 extraction, grinding, drying, flouring, and sieving. The results showed that the yield ranged from 49.33 - 69.33%, while the physical properties, including viscosity, moisture content, whiteness, and glucomannan content ranged from 31.556 - 39.556 m. Pas, 4.74 - 6.99%, 81.14 - 83.24%, and 95.13 - 97.57%, respectively. The variations in age of 1 year, 2 years, and 4 years affected yield, but the porang tubers had no effect on glucomannan content, and the quality of the flour on viscosity, moisture content, and whiteness. The variations with different ages met commercial standards, and the best variation was 1-year-old porang tubers with the highest yield of 65.33%. Concerning the physical properties, the highest viscosity, moisture content, whiteness, and glucomannan content was 39.556 m. Pas, 17%, 83.24% and 95.13%, respectively. Therefore, the plant could be harvested at 1 year old for extraction to meet export needs.

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