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INDONESIA
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 452 Documents
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Synthesis, Spectroscopic Analysis and Antidiabetic Properties of Copper (II) Complex of Mangifera indica Leaf Crude Extract Mary Adelaide Oladipo; Folasade Omobolanle Ajao; Adewusi John Adepoju; Kayode Taiwo Ishola; Olalekan Jamiu Ajeigbe
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.315-321

Abstract

Many applied conventional drugs in treating diabetes have been reported to possess some drawbacks which necessitate a search for alternative therapies. In order to search for a more active antidiabetic agent, this study synthesized and evaluated antidiabetic properties of Mangifera indica crude extract and its Cu (II) complex in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. The leaf crude extract and its metal complex were characterized using percentage metal analysis and IR spectroscopic data. Experimental animals were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Alloxan monohydrate at a single dose of 140 mg/kg body weight and animals with fasting blood glucose level (BGL) > 200 mg/dL were considered diabetic. Metformin was used as a standard drug. Fasting blood glucose level and body weight were used to assess the antidiabetic activity. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the level of statistically significant at p< 0.05. The crude extract was found to coordinate with the metal ion through O donor atom of C=O and O-H of phenol and ketone respectively. The Cu (II) complex of the crude extracts at tested dose of 600mg/kg demonstrated more antidiabetic activity without weight gain than the standard drug. It is concluded that the Cu (II) complex could be a potential material in the development of more active and negative-side-effect-free antidiabetic drug.
Uncovering the Antioxidant Power: Investigating the Skin and Flesh of Crystal Guava with Chloroform and Methanol Extractions and DPPH Assay Aulia Ulmillah; Arif Alghifari; Nurhaida Widiani
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.323-328

Abstract

Crystal guava (Psidium guajava var. crystal) is one type of guava plant that has high economic value due to its thick flesh and few seeds. The crystal guava plant is believed to have antioxidant activity, which is a substance that can prevent the formation of free radicals in the body. This research aims to determine the level of antioxidants in chloroform and methanol extracts of the skin and flesh of crystal guava fruit using the DPPH method. Samples were taken through a stepwise maceration process and solvents of chloroform and methanol, then analyzed using probit analysis and SPSS 25 software. The results of the study showed that both chloroform and methanol extracts of the skin and flesh of crystal guava fruit have antioxidant activity. The results showed that the IC50 value of the chloroform extract of crystal guava fruit skin is 218.88 ppm and is classified as moderate, the methanol extract of crystal guava fruit skin is 89.78 ppm and is classified as strong, the chloroform extract of crystal guava fruit flesh is 270.56 ppm and is classified as weak, and the methanol extract of crystal guava fruit flesh is 185.72 ppm and is classified as moderate.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Methanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Abaka, AbudulAzeez Mumsiri; Artimas, Susan Pwakangdi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.281-288

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the phytoconstituents and antibacterial effects of methanol and ethyl acetate stem bark extracts of Detarium microcarpum (DM). The phytochemicals were detected and quantified while the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi was established determining the zone of inhibition (ZI), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Phytochemical screening showed alkaloids (16.33% ±0.88) were present in the methanol extract only while saponins and flavonoids were detected in concentrations of 31.00% ±2.31 and 21.01% ±2.33 respectively for the methanol extract and 21.67% ±1.76 and 38.01% ±1.16, for the ethyl acetate. The methanol extract exhibited the highest ZI on S. aureus (21.3 mm ±1.11) with its least inhibition observed on E. coli (6.5 mm ±0.77) while the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest ZI on S. typhi (19.1 mm ±2.01). S. typhi exhibited more sensitivity to DM extracts at the least concentrations of 12.5 mg/ml (methanol) and 25 mg/ml (ethyl acetate) while the MBC results showed that the 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml were the effective respective concentration for methanol and ethyl acetate extracts against S. typhi. Conclusively, DM exhibited an antibacterial effect against the test organisms with notable inhibitory and bactericidal effects.
Phytochemical, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Schefflera elliptica Leaves I Gede Yoga Ayuning Kirtanayasa; Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat; I Putu Candra
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.329-334

Abstract

Schefflera elliptica or locally called kayu tulak, is one of the Balinese herbal plants that have traditionally be used to reject (tulak) negative influences that exist in the human body. Althoug, S. elliptica has been routinely used as a part of a ritual in Bali, only a limited study has been reported on its bioactivity. This study was designed to analyze the phytochemical content, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant activity of S. elliptica. In this study, simplisia of S. elliptica was extracted using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents, then the viscous extracts of the two solvents were carried out for phytochemical tests, antibacterial activity tests with the Kirby-Bauer method and antioxidant activity tests with based on DPPH method. Phytochemical screening showed that the n-hexane extract contains active compounds in the form of phenols and steroids while ethyl acetate contains active compounds in the form of phenols, tannins, and steroids. Antibacterial screening showed ethyl acetate extract of S. elliptica displayed a diameter zone of inhibition of 10.720.71 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, 12.172.80 mm against Streptococcus mutans, 12.401.65 mm against Escherichia coli and 15.202.44 mm against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The DPPH analysis showed percentages of 61.17% and 67.42% from n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts respectively, which indicated the antioxidant properties of S. elliptica. Overall, this research provides a preliminary report on the bioactivity potential of S. elliptica mainly in term of antibacterial and antioxidant properties which open up possibilities for future drug development.
GLUT4 as A Protein Target for T2DM Therapy with Natural Compounds Sutandar, Vivi Hendra; Saleh, Mgs. Irsan; Maritska, Ziske
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.289-293

Abstract

WHO reported 1.9 million death cases of diabetes patients in 2019. Diabetes is caused by damage in the pancreas which resulted in a lack of insulin or insulin resistance. Medication for T2DM mainly focuses on lowering blood glucose and treating affected organs. Current medications are still lacking, thus research is needed in finding novel medications to accommodate T2DM. This paper aims to present the current research on potential plant extract in increasing GLUT4 translocation in diabetes conditions. insulin resistance state affecting GLUT4 translocation which is important in affecting glucose uptake. Some research shows that plant extract proved to be potential in increasing the translocation of GLUT4 and helping lowering blood glucose levels.
Ethnobotanical Survey on the Plants Used in the Control of Nematodes in the Zone of Niayes of Thies/Senegal El Hadji Gorgui Diouf; Doudou Diop; Abdoulaye Gueye; Talibouya Ndior; Mamadou Latyr Ndour; Adama Faye; Mamadou
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.335-341

Abstract

Crop losses in vegetable crops due to nematodes are a concern in a country like Senegal where food demand is increasingly high. The use of chemical pesticides has made great progress in increasing harvests in Senegal. But these pesticides have negative effects on the environment and on human health. Crops are often contaminated as well as groundwater. The use of natural products to remedy this phenomenon is very important, especially in areas such as the Niayes zone where the climate and soil are very favorable for market gardening and where water contamination is very sensitive. The aim of our study is to identify the plants used to control nematodes in the Niayes area of This. To this end, we conducted an ethnobotanical survey of 100 people of different ages and sexes in this area. The results showed 17 plant species used to control nematodes in 12 families. Among these species, the most cited were Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Juss, Calotropis procera (Ait.) F. and Cassia Occidentalis L. Leaves (71%) are mostly used. The sample is often dried and ground (45%) or fresh (case of hydrodistillation) (53%) before preparation. Water (92%) is the most used solvent for extraction. Maceration (85%) and infusion are the most common preparation methods. The application of these preparations by systemic action (94%) is more adopted than fumigation. Local people find these preparations rather effective (78%), which is very encouraging. The present study constitutes a database for further studies in the field of Senegalese pharmacopeia. In addition, scientific research on bionematicidal substances may be conducted in the future to evaluate the effectiveness of these plants identified in the Niayes area of This for the protection of vegetable crops against nematodes.
Effect of Quarry Activities on Some Morphological Parameters of Two Maize Varieties (SWAN 1 and SAMMAZ 52) Odiyi, Bridget; Maku, Olubukola; Ologundudu, Foluso Akinbode; Abiya, Sylvanus Efetobor
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.295-303

Abstract

The effect of quarry activities on some morphological parameters of two maize varieties (swan 1 and sammaz 52) was investigated with the aim of determining the impact of quarry activities on some growth parameters of the maize varieties under study. The seeds were collected from the Seed Bank Department of the Ondo State Ministry of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State. They were authenticated at the Herbarium unit of the Federal University of Technology, Akure, and the voucher was deposited. Soil samples were collected at 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, and 250m from the quarry site and transferred to the laboratory for analysis. A screen house experiment was set up to house the pots. Seeds of SWAN 1 and SAMMAZ 52 were sown into perforated plastic pots (30 cm diameter and 33 cm depth) filled with 10 kg of quarry soil. The following morphological parameters were determined; shoot height, leaf area, plant dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root-shoot ratio, leaf area, and determination of photosynthetic parameters especially chlorophylls a and b. The result revealed that at 50 meters from the quarry site, SAMMAZ 52, one of the maize varieties grown in soil taken from the site, had the highest shoot height (94 cm). which showed that plants growing in higher concentrations of dust pollution respond to nutrient stress by devoting more of their available carbon to shoot growth, resulting in elongated stems, were consistent with the observed higher shoot height in SAMMAZ 52, daily variations in photosynthetic activity and the rate of nitrogen uptake are to blame for these alterations in plant behavior. The efficiency with which plants use the available nutrients determines whether they will survive in an area where there is quarry dust. The observed higher biomass (3.84g) under SAMMAZ 52's management regime can be attributed to the best possible rates of photosynthesis and nutrient assimilation, as well as to the presence of more chlorophyll and larger leaf surfaces.
Fiber Concentration on Fermentation of Cleome Gynandra L Based on Storage Time and Solvent Change Lily Restusari; Ayu Komala Dewi; Alinea Dwi Elisanti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.363-369

Abstract

Cleome gynandra L (CGL) or Maman plant, is the basic ingredient of Malay food in Riau Province, Indonesia. The young leaves and stems of CGL are processed into fermented food (Joruk Maman). It contains crude fiber and is useful for lowering blood cholesterol levels. However, effective storage of this CGL has not been carried out. This study wants to see the effect of storage time and solvent change on the fiber content of Joruk Maman. An experimental study applied a completely randomized design (CRD) using 5 groups and 2 repetitions. This sample of CGL leaves was taken from one seller in the Rokan Hilir market of Riau Province. The primary outcome was a difference to the number of fibers in Joruk Maman without solvent change (p =0.001) and with solvent change (p = 0.001) based on the day group and there was no difference base on the temperature group. Secondary outcome was the difference in duration time to produce the highest fiber content at room temperature with the solvent change and not. The highest fiber content occurred at 5 days of storage at room temperature without solvent changing. Meanwhile, by changing the solvent, the fiber content would be optimal for 1-day of storage.
Medicinal Biospecificity of Ginger and Its Efficacious Bioactive Compounds in the Context of Its Biological Activities Against Predominant Health Issues: Current Study and New Avenues Haseeba Shahzad; Shaifa Saleem; Waqas Hanif; Zareena Ali; Muhammad Zeeshan Ahmed; Haq Nawaz; Zelle Humma; Laraib Rana; Muhammad Qamar Farid; Hajira Kalsoom; Samavia Jaan
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.371-389

Abstract

There is a multitude of life-threatening and widespread health issues worldwide, regarding weak immunity, severe inflammation, viral infections, bacterial infections as well as antimicrobial resistance (AMR), high free radicals generation, and cancer. Ginger, a perennial plant of the Zingiberaceae family with several authentic nutritional and medicinal values used in many countries as traditional medicine. That is why, the study was designed to highlight recent studies about medicinally most efficacious bio-active compounds of ginger along their biological significance related to immuno-stimulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects. Our study also recognized future gaps in research. The study included professional research data under duration from 2001-2022 appearing in books and scholarly journals, collected from scientific database platforms via PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Springer Nature, Science Direct and Scopus. The present study includes the medicinal effects of almost 44 most influential ginger compounds like phenolics, terpenoids, flavonoids, and vinyllyl ketonic compounds etc. Our results revealed the strong alleviating effects of gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and polyphenols. Moreover, the ginger essential oil has proven to be very effective both for antiviral and antibacterial activity. However, no data is available in previous literature for components of ginger involved in immuno-stimulatory, effects. There is also a need to explore components for antibacterial activity. However, research has been conducted on ginger for only a few viruses despite its strong alleviating effects. Besides this, more study is needed to comprehend the comprehensive mechanism of action (especially at the molecular level) regarding the anti-bacterial and anti-viral activity of ginger and its constituents.
Nanotechnology-Based Vaccines Mohamed Hussein; Madiha Mumtaz; Iqra Nasir; Anisa Abdullahi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.343-361

Abstract

Several new infectious diseases have developed in recent years, and a few old ones that were formerly thought to pose no threat to humans have made a comeback. Millions of fatalities are attributed to these illnesses together, having a significant negative influence on the worldwide socioeconomic and healthcare sectors. The lack of appropriate medications for many of these disorders is one of the biggest obstacles to treating them. Yet, several of the most common diseases currently have no vaccinations that are reliable. The ideal vaccine should have several key characteristics, including safety, stability, and the capacity to induce a sufficient and long-lasting immune response with a minimal number of doses. To induce protective immunity against illnesses, different generation vaccines are employed, including attenuated or dead entire organisms (first generation), subunits (second generation), and RNA or DNA vaccines (third generation). To get beyond these obstacles, a reliable vaccination delivery mechanism is needed, one that not only gets the vaccine molecules to the target region where they can trigger long-lasting immune responses but also has few side effects and uses fewer doses. Only a few hundred atoms make up the majority of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have a relatively significant surface area-to-volume ratio because of their extremely small size. Nanoparticles can have surprising optical, physical, and chemical properties due to this property. Nanotechnology has many benefits for the creation of vaccines for the next generation. A delivery strategy based on nanocarriers can shield vaccines from early deterioration, increase stability, have high adjuvant qualities, and can help with the targeted distribution of an immunogen. The researcher conducts an examination of articles that are in accordance with the issue to be studied. Articles used in the literature review are obtained through the database of international journal providers through PubMed, we investigated clinical studies and discussed what happened in these clinical studies and the extent of the effectiveness of Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines. In order to achieve effective vaccine distribution and generate the required host immunity against infectious diseases, this review article focuses on the applications of nanocarrier-based vaccine formulations and the methodologies utilized for functionalizing nanoparticles.

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