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Planta Tropika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0216499X     EISSN : 25287079     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
PLANTA TROPIKA : Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science) provides a forum for researchers on applied agricultural science to publish the original articles. PLANTA TROPIKA published two times a year (February and August) by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in collaboration with Indonesian Association of Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology (PAGI). Planta Tropika focuses related to various themes, topics and aspects including (but not limited) to the following topics Agro-Biotechnology, Plant Breeding, Agriculture Waste Management, Plant Protection, Soil Science, Post Harvest Science and Technology, Horticulture.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 473 Documents
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Assessing Soil Nutrient and Biomass Contributions to Peatland Formation M. Edi Armanto; Elisa Wildayana; Momon Sodik Imanudin
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i1.24233

Abstract

Peat formation is a key factor in carbon sequestration in  Peat Swamp Forest (PSF). The study aims to analyze alternative pathways for peat formation based on soil nutrient availability and dried biomass accumulation. A randomized complete block design was used with two treatment factors across three blocks: (A) sampling plots representing land covers and (B) dried biomass levels. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 5 % significance level. Results showed a high supply of dried below-ground biomass did not correspond to increased rooting litter production under high soil nutrient conditions. Instead, most of the biomass was transported upwards into above-ground biomass. All land cover types generated above-ground biomass with significant differences in peat formation potential across all measured parameters. Peat formation was strongly influenced by land cover type (e.g., peat forest), environmental factors, seed bank composition, and species competition. Restoration strategies, including revegetation, rewetting, and revitalization, are crucial to promoting the establishment of peat-forming species. This research provides valuable insights for enhancing  PSF restoration efforts and facilitating recovery toward a near-natural condition.
Effects of Biocontrol Product Bio P60 and Liquid Organic Fertilizer on The Development of Fusarium Wilt and Yield of Shallot Loekas Soesanto; Adi Maulana Yusup; Murti Wisnu Ragil Sastyawan; Endang Mugiastuti; Woro Sri Suharti
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i1.24558

Abstract

Shallot production is frequently threatened by Fusarium wilt. Chemical control has proven ineffective, highlighting the need for environmentally friendly alternatives such as the application of liquid organic fertilizer combined Bio P60. The study evaluated the effectiveness of the fertilizer and Bio P60 in controlling the disease and their impact on shallot growth and yield. A completely randomized block design with 16 treatments and three replicates was used, testing Bio P60 application (control, 20 mL per plant applied 1, 3, or 5 times) and the fertilizer (control, 3, 5, or 7 mL L⁻¹). Results showed that the five times application of Bio P60 significantly delayed the incubation period by 61.71%, suppressing disease incidence by 66.67% and reducing AUDPC by 69.84%. Bio 60 also increased plant height by 30.75%, number of leaves by 40.7%, number of bulbs by 75.6%, bulb fresh weight by 104.53%, blub dry weight by 51.1%, and total biomass compared to control. However, the fertilizer application has no significant effect on all variables, and no interaction was found between Bio P60 and the fertilizer. These findings suggest Bio P60 is an effective biocontrol agent for suppressing Fusarium wilt and improving shallot yield, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical treatments.
Anatomical and Morphological Variability of Leaves, Stem, and Root Among Eddoe Taro (Colacasia esculenta var Esculenta) Lutfy Ditya Cahyanti; Mahmudah Hamawi; Use Etica; Jamilah Mohd Salimaa
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.24592

Abstract

Colocasia esculenta (taro) is a significant staple crop cultivated for its edible corms, roots, and leaves. Despite its agricultural importance, limited anatomical studies have focused on the vegetative organs (leaf, stem, and root) of various taro cultivars. This study aimed to describe and compare the anatomical structures of leaves, stems, and roots among six taro cultivars (Jepang putih, Jepang merah, Gambir, Semir, Ketan, and Sutra). The six cultivars were cultivated using sucker propagation in three replicated blocks. Parameters assessed included leaf, stem, root anatomy, chlorophyll content (a, b, and total), stomata characteristics, epidermal cell number and length, and root tissue thickness (epidermis, endodermis, cortex, and stele). Significant anatomical differences were found among the cultivars. The Gambir cultivar resulted in the highest chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content. Jepang merah had the thickest root epidermis and cortex, Gambir had the thickest endodermis, and Semir showed the thickest stele. Ketan cultivar had the highest number of stomata and epidermal cells. Anatomical variation exists among the six cultivars of Colocasia esculenta studied, indicating potential for cultivar-specific functional adaptations. These findings may contribute to cultivar selection and improvement for various agricultural and nutritional purposes.
Growth, Production, Nitrogen, and Chlorophyll Content of Alternanthera sissoo Propagated from Various Cutting Materials Akib, Muh. Akhsan; Ahmad, Namrawati; Ilmi, Nur; Ibrahim, Andi
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v14i1.24650

Abstract

Brazilian spinach (Alternanthera sissoo) is a leafy vegetable with nonfunctional seeds that inhibit sexual reproduction. Although vegetative propagation by cuttings is a feasible solution, information on the quality of cuttings suitable for vegetative propagation of Brazilian spinach remains limited. Therefore, research is required to determine Brazilian spinach's growth, production, and chlorophyll content from various cutting sources. The study was carried out in the screen house laboratory in Parepare City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, from October 2023 to March 2024, using a randomized block design (RBD) with three treatments of cutting types, namely shoot cuttings (control/K1), rooted stem cuttings (K2), and stem cuttings. (K3). The data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's Test. The results showed that A. sissoo growth from cuttings consistently followed the Sigmoid growth pattern. Brazilian spinach propagated from stem cutting produced higher fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight, nitrogen, and chlorophyll content than those of shoot and rooted-stem cuttings. Stem cuttings likely have a more developed vascular system and greater nutrient reserves, making them more likely to develop roots successfully than other cutting materials. Furthermore, stem cuttings likely contain more carbohydrates and hormones like auxin, which promote faster root formation than shoot or rooted-stem cuttings. Stem cuttings are recommended for use in propagating Brazilian spinach.
Enhancing Corn Yields on Alluvial Soil Through Dolomitic Lime and Azolla sp. Liquid Organic Fertilizer Jamilah, Jamilah; Fadil, Alfi Rahmat; Ermawati, Ermawati; Diyanti, Afrirona; Thesiwati, Aslan Sari; Yusnaweti, Yusnaweti
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v14i1.24679

Abstract

These soils are subject to periodic flooding, leading to acidic conditions and low fertility. This study aimed to determine the role of dolomitic lime and Azolla sp. liquid organic fertilizer in enhancing corn yields on alluvial soils. The experiment utilized a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with two factors. The first factor included three dolomite lime dosage levels: 0, 2, and 4 Mg ha−1. The second factor was levels of Azolla sp. liquid organic fertilizer: 0, 50, and 100 ml L−1. Each treatment was repeated three times, resulting in 27 experimental units. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with the F test, followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. Observations included soil pH, plant height, Leaf Area Index (LAI), weight of 100 kernels, corn dry yield, and liming and fertilization efficiency. The relationship between variables and yield is expressed as: Yield = -10.032 + 1.007 pH + 1.796 LAI + 0.17 weight of 100 kernels; R2 = 74.9%.  The highest corn yield was 7.35 Mg ha−1 with a liming efficiency of 30%. Applying 100 ml L−1 of Azolla sp. liquid fertilizer resulted in a yield of 7.23 Mg ha−1 with a fertilization efficiency of 28%.
Application of Trichoderma asperellum Liquid Culture for Inducing Resistance of Chili Plant Against Fusarium Wilt Albana, Hasan; Nurbailis, Nurbailis; Darnetty, Darnetty
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v14i1.24968

Abstract

Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum, is a significant disease that severely reduces the productivity of chili plants. This study investigated the potential of Trichoderma asperellum’s liquid culture as a biological control agent to control this disease and induce plant defense enzymes. Our findings demonstrated that applying the liquid culture of T. asperellum can significantly suppress disease development. Several treatments (A, D, E, and G) proved to be the most effective, showing the lowest disease severity and incidence. Furthermore, these treatments successfully increased the activity of key plant defense enzymes: peroxidase in roots (0.8746 U/g) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in both roots (0.1886 μmol TCA/g) and stems (0.1653 μmol TCA/g). This increase in enzyme activity suggests that T. asperellum not only directly controls the pathogen but also triggers internal resistance mechanisms within the plant. While the liquid culture did not show a significant effect on plant growth, this may be due to the natural variability of T. asperellum and to additional factors, such as pests and environmental stress, in the field. Liquid culture of T. asperellum shows potential as a bioprotectant by suppressing the pathogen and enhancing host resistance.
Physiological Responses of Soybean Varieties to Different Types of Biochar Application Muji Rahayu; Andriyana Setyawati; Gani Cahyo Handoyo; Bramesty Laras Hanif; Fevi Catur Wulan Sari
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.25382

Abstract

Soybeans, a legume widely consumed in Indonesia, exhibit a comparatively low production rate. Therefore, initiatives to augment soybean production are essential, one of which is the utilization of biochar. Biochar has been extensively studied as a soil amendment that improves soil fertility and promotes plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological responses of soybean varieties to different types of biochar. The experiment used a factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The factor was three soybean varieties (Dena 1, Demas 1, and Gepak Kuning) and three biochar treatments (control, palm fibre, and rice hull). Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. Results indicated that rice hull biochar improved net assimilation and relative growth rates by 1.95% and 1.59%, respectively, between the third and fifth weeks after planting. It also increased total dry weight by 1.37% and leaf area index by 1.72% compared to untreated plants. Among the varieties tested, Dena 1 yielded the highest total dry weight (1.41%) and leaf area index (1.53%), highlighting a promising synergy between this variety and rice hull biochar. These findings demonstrate that biochar type and soybean variety interact to determine physiological responses, suggesting that appropriate combinations may improve soybean productivity and resilience under field conditions.
Synergistic Effect of Terra Preta and Rice Straw Mulch on Growth and Yield of Hybrid Corn (Zea Mays L.) Rikeu Relawati; Zakiyah Amini; Ananta Bayu Pratama
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.25391

Abstract

Climate change challenges agriculture with altered rainfall and extreme temperatures. Terra preta and rice straw mulch can mitigate effects like drought and soil degradation. Terra preta, a carbon-rich black soil, improves soil structure, retains nutrients, and reduces atmospheric CO2. It can be made from organic waste. This study examines the impact of terra preta and rice straw mulch thickness on the growth and yield of hybrid maize cultivar Pertiwi 5. A factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors was applied: terra preta dose (0, 10, 15, and 20 tons/ha) and mulch thickness (0,3,6, and 9 cm). Data were analyzed using ANOVA for a linear model, with an F-test at a 5% significance level, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for post hoc comparisons. Results showed the optimal treatment was 20 tons/ha of terra preta with 9 cm mulch, leading to a plant height of 181,544 cm, stem diameter of 36,4 mm, two cobs per plant, and the lowest dry weed weight of 26,33 g. The highest harvest index was with 15 tons/ha of terra preta and 9 cm mulch, at 77,87% and 77,77%. These findings suggest terra preta and rice straw mulch enhance maize growth and yield, providing a sustainable agriculture approach under climate change.
Optimizing Auxins Applications for In Vitro Plantlet Development of a New Dendrobium Hybrid Etik Wukir Tini; Zulfa Ulinnuha; Rifqi Raditya Kurniawan; Pudji Widodo; Rendie Prasetyo; Abd. Rahman Milan; Gieks Sugiyono
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.25699

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of auxin types and concentrations on plantlet formation in the D. antennatum x D. stratiotes hybrid orchid during in vitro culture. This study was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Split-Plot Design. The main plot was auxin types (IAA, IBA, and NAA), and the sub-plot was auxin concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15 µM). Each treatment combination was repeated three times, resulting in 36 experimental units. The variable observed was plantlet formation, with the parameters measured including the number of shoots, shoot length, number of leaves, roots, and root length. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance at 95% and 99% significance levels, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 95% significance level. The results showed that D. antennatum x D. stratiotes hybrid shoots grown on MS medium supplemented with 15 µM auxin produced the highest number of shoots (13.66 shoots/explant) and leaves (32.11 leaves/explant). IBA application produced the longest shoots (1.67 cm/shoot), whilst NAA was more effective for root induction. MS media supplemented with 5 µM NAA resulted in the highest number of roots (36.33 roots/explant).
Effects of NPK Fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the Growth of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seedlings Sahru Ananda Ramadhan; Listyawati Indra Putri; Praditya Rizqi Novanto; Fatimah Nur Istiqomah; Aidil Azhar
PLANTA TROPIKA Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Agrotechnology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/pt.v13i2.26091

Abstract

Nutrients in the nursery stage significantly impact the cultivation of oil palm seedlings. The study aimed   to investigate the effects of NPK fertilizer and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the growth of oil palm seedlings. A Randomized Complete Block Design with a single factor was employed, consisting of six treatment levels and four replications. The treatments included a control, NPK fertilizer, AMF biofertilizer, and combinations of AMF biofertilizer with varying doses of NPK fertilizer. Growth parameters were plant height, trunk diameter, frond count, dry matter weight, AMF root infection, and soil spore count. The results showed that the standard dose NPK + 30 g AMF biofertilizer exhibited the best morphological traits, which significantly affected the dry matter weight of seedlings. However, the half standard dose of NPK + 30 g AMF biofertilizer optimized growth while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers. AMF root infections were observed in the treatments with biofertilizer. These findings indicate that the combined use of NPK fertilizer and AMF can optimize oil palm seedling growth, providing a strong foundation for improved field establishment and future productivity.

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